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原发性肝癌是最常见的恶性肿瘤之一,具有发病率高、病死率高等特点。肠道菌群可以通过LPS-TLR4途径参与肝癌的发生发展,而病毒性肝炎(如HBV感染)、肥胖和肠道菌群失调等多因素作用下可进一步加剧肝癌的病情,菌群失调与肝癌的发生发展是一个相互作用、恶性循环的过程。益生菌是一类对机体有益的活性微生物,可以改善病毒性肝炎、肝硬化病情,加强肝肠固有免疫,降低毒物致癌性,从而预防肝癌的发生;还可以通过刺激消炎物质分泌、抑制肿瘤内Th17细胞水平和增强抗肿瘤免疫反应来发挥抗癌作用,为肝癌的防治提供了新的方法。本研究对肠道菌群与肝癌相关性的研究进展进行综述。 相似文献
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人体的肠道菌群是一个庞大的微生物体系,能够保护人体免受病原微生物的入侵,促进免疫系统的发育以及营养物质的消化和吸收,但同时也能诱发各种疾病,如炎症、肿瘤等。乳腺癌是女性最常见的恶性肿瘤,对女性的生命健康造成了巨大的威胁。乳腺癌的发生以及乳腺癌的临床病理特征均与肠道菌群失调密切相关,肠道菌群可以通过调节雌激素代谢和机体的免疫功能等途径影响乳腺癌的发生发展。因此,为能够更深入地研究肠道微生物菌群与乳腺癌之间的作用机制,以及为乳腺癌的预防和治疗策略提供新依据,本文就肠道菌群与乳腺癌之间的相关性进行综述。 相似文献
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目的 探讨肠道菌群与肿瘤放射治疗及放射性肠炎的相关关系,并总结最新研究进展。方法 应用PubMed及中国期刊全文数据库(CNKI)检索系统,以“肠道菌群/肠道微生物、放射治疗、放射性肠炎、放射性毒性反应”为中文检索词,以“gut microbiota、radiotherapy、radioactive enteritis、radiation induced toxcity”为英文关键词,检索1998年9月-2021年6月的相关文献,共检索到中文文献74条,英文文献214条。纳入标准:(1)放射治疗对肠道菌群的影响;(2)肠道菌群对放射治疗疗效的影响及相关机制;(3)肠道菌群对放射性肠炎的影响及相关机制。排除标准:(1)肠道菌群与非放射治疗性研究;(2)肠道菌群与非放射相关性肠炎。根据标准纳入分析47篇文献。结果 放射治疗可以改变肠道菌群结构特征,这些结构特征的改变也会反过来影响放射治疗疗效,并在放射性肠炎中也起重要作用。结论 肠道菌群和放射治疗及放射性肠炎的关系复杂,需要进一步的研究探讨其潜在机制,为增强肿瘤放射治疗疗效或改善放疗毒性反应提供新方案。 相似文献
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结直肠癌发病率和死亡率居我国全部恶性肿瘤的第 3 和第 5 位,严重威胁居民健康。结直肠癌病因复杂,其中
肠道微生态是影响癌变过程的关键环节。肠道菌群是维持人体胃肠道及机体健康的重要因素,肠道微生物病原体在结直肠
癌发病机制包括微生物代谢、宿主免疫和炎症途径的调节、氧化应激与抗氧化防御调节、细菌基因毒素等环节。传统中药
给药方式主要为口服,中药进入胃肠道后不可避免与肠道微生物发生相互作用。中药主要通过调节肠道菌群结构,从而调
节宿主免疫功能,以及氧化应激与抗氧化防御调节等途径实现防治结直肠癌的作用。实验研究证实,中药对肠道微生态系
统的平衡具有很好的保护作用,对菌群失调具有改善作用;中药可以提高宿主抗癌免疫反应以及通过调节肿瘤微环境下的
骨髓来源的细胞功能发挥抗肿瘤疗效;促进有氧培养菌的耐酸能力并抑制了厌氧培养菌的耐酸能力,从而增强了整体肠道
菌群的抗氧化性。另外,中药亦能改善微生物的代谢、减轻代谢性炎症,以及抑制产生大肠杆菌的体外和体内基因毒性,
中草药的药效成分经肠道微生物转化后发挥抗炎、镇痛和抗肿瘤等药理作用。综上,肠道菌群在部分结直肠癌的发生发展
中具有重要作用,调节肠道菌群是中医药防治结直肠癌的重要靶标。 相似文献
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结直肠癌是最常见的恶性肿瘤之一,发病率逐年上升.研究表明肠道菌群失衡在结直肠癌的发生中可能发挥重要作用,肠道菌群可能通过肠道黏膜屏障受损、慢性炎症反应、细菌酶和毒性代谢产物作用等多种机制促进肿瘤的发生.近年来通过无菌动物实验、基因敲除动物实验以及新一代的高通量测序使人们对肠道菌群和大肠癌间关系的认识不断深化,继而从不同角度提出肠道菌群失衡导致结直肠癌发病的作用模式,本文将结合相关作用模式从肠道菌群先后影响结直肠癌不同发病阶段的角度阐述结直肠癌发生、发展过程中的相关机制,为进一步认识结直肠癌的发病机制和结直肠癌的早期诊疗提供新的思路. 相似文献
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人类微生物群是由寄生在人体上皮屏障的细菌和其他微生物组成的,其中大部分位于肠道内,与宿主之间形成共生的关系。机体肠道微生物的组成虽然受到年龄、饮食、生活方式等因素的影响,但在正常生理情况下是相对稳定的。近年来,肠道菌群与恶性肿瘤的关系越来越受到重视。肠道菌群不但能够维持局部稳态,还能调节机体代谢、炎症和免疫等生理过程。有研究表明,微生物群,特别是肠道菌群能够显著调节机体对癌症治疗的反应性以及机体对毒副反应的敏感性。检查肠道菌群中各菌种之间的比例可作为筛查恶性肿瘤的新方法。本文将综述微生物群具有影响肿瘤的发生发展、抗肿瘤治疗疗效以及药物不良反应的证据,以及其中所涉及的微生物种类,从而为恶性肿瘤精准治疗提供证据。 相似文献
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肠道菌群作为肠道微生物的一部分,在促进人体健康发育方面有着重要作用,但同时也能导致人体出现炎症、肿瘤等.甲状腺癌是人体内分泌系统和头颈部最易发的恶性肿瘤,且在全球数据统计中,其发病率逐步攀升,严重影响了人们的身心健康.甲状腺癌的发生发展与肠道菌群失调有着一定的联系,本文就肠道菌群与甲状腺癌之间的相关性进行综述,以期为甲... 相似文献
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人体肠道菌群代谢成分通过与受体结合、刺激炎症因子分泌,与其他变化一起,引起炎症反应,最终导致结直肠癌(colorectal cancer ,CRC )的发生。而肠道内的益生菌则通过屏障作用、抑制DNA 损伤等机制保护肠道黏膜,抵御CRC 的发生,并可被用于预防及辅助治疗CRC 。胃肠道手术可以影响肠道菌群的代谢,影响微生态平衡。本文将针对肠道菌群与结直肠癌关系的最近进展进行综述。 相似文献
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Yoshimitsu Shimomura Ling Zha Sho Komukai Nobuhiro Narii Tomotaka Sobue Tetsuhisa Kitamura Satoshi Shiba Sayaka Mizutani Takuji Yamada Norie Sawada Shinichi Yachida 《International journal of cancer. Journal international du cancer》2023,152(9):1752-1762
Higher fiber intake has been associated with a lower risk of colorectal cancer (CRC) and has been shown to protect against CRC based on probable evidence. Recent studies revealed a possible mechanism whereby the interaction between intestinal microbiota and fiber intake mediates CRC risk. However, the specific intestinal bacteria and the amount of these bacteria involved in this mechanism are not fully known. Therefore, this single-center study aimed to determine whether specific intestinal bacteria mediated the relationship between fiber intake and CRC risk. We enrolled patients who received colonoscopy at National Cancer Center Hospital. This cross-sectional study included 180 patients with clinically diagnosed CRC and 242 controls. We conducted a causal mediation analysis to assess the natural indirect effect and natural direct effect of specific intestinal bacteria on association between fiber intake and CRC risk. The median age was 64 (interquartile range, 54-70) years, and 58% of the participants were males. We used metagenomics for profiling gut microbiomes. The relative abundance of each species in each sample was calculated. Among the candidate, Fusobacterium nucleatum and Gemella morbillorum had a significant natural indirect effect based on their highest fiber intake compared to the lowest fiber intake, with a risk difference (95% confidence interval, proportion of mediation effect) of −0.06 [−0.09 to −0.03, 23%] and −0.03 [−0.06 to −0.01, 10.5%], respectively. Other bacteria did not display natural indirect effects. In conclusion, Fusobacterium nucleatum and Gemella morbillorum were found to mediate the relationship between fiber intake and CRC risk. 相似文献
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肠道菌群在调控宿主的生长、发育、营养代谢以及免疫稳态方面具有重要的作用.近年来研究发现,肿瘤患者,特别是结直肠癌患者的肠道菌群多呈现失调的状态,而肠道菌群失调能够通过影响肠道代谢、肠道稳态以及肠道免疫等方面促进或者抑制肿瘤的发生发展.目前,通过干预肠道菌群来进行肿瘤治疗的临床实践已经显示出了良好的疗效和巨大的潜能.本文主要论述肠道菌群在肿瘤发生发展进程中的作用及其机制,以及目前利用肠道菌群治疗肿瘤的相关临床研究进展. 相似文献
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免疫系统在肿瘤进展中有重要作用,心理社会因素也会影响肿瘤的发生、发展。乳腺癌相关心理社会因素主要包括应激性生活事件、应对方式、情绪和个性特征以及社会支持。相关免疫应答效应因素包括T淋巴细胞及其亚群等特异性免疫,TNF-a、巨噬细胞、NK细胞等非特异性免疫应答效应因素。探讨乳腺癌患者心理、肿瘤、免疫之间的关系,作为乳腺癌心理治疗的基础,具有重要意义。 相似文献
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Tasha Wilkie Ajeet K. Verma Helong Zhao Manish Charan Dinesh K. Ahirwar Sashi Kant Vijay Pancholi Sanjay Mishra Ramesh K. Ganju 《Molecular oncology》2022,16(7):1508
The role of commensal bacterial microbiota in the pathogenesis of human malignancies has been a research field of incomparable progress in recent years. Although breast tissue is commonly assumed to be sterile, recent studies suggest that human breast tissue may contain a bacterial microbiota. In this study, we used an immune‐competent orthotopic breast cancer mouse model to explore the existence of a unique and independent bacterial microbiota in breast tumors. We observed some similarities in breast cancer microbiota with skin; however, breast tumor microbiota was mainly enriched with Gram‐negative bacteria, serving as a primary source of lipopolysaccharide (LPS). In addition, dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) treatment in late‐stage tumor lesions increased LPS levels in the breast tissue environment. We also discovered an increased expression of S100A7 and low level of TLR4 in late‐stage tumors with or without DSS as compared to early‐stage tumor lesions. The treatment of breast cancer cells with LPS increased the expression of S100A7 in breast cancer cells in vitro. Furthermore, S100A7 overexpression downregulated TLR4 and upregulated RAGE expression in breast cancer cells. Analysis of human breast cancer samples also highlighted the inverse correlation between S100A7 and TLR4 expression. Overall, these findings suggest that the commensal microbiota of breast tissue may enhance breast tumor burden through a novel LPS/S100A7/TLR4/RAGE signaling axis. 相似文献
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Sinan Wang Wenxiao Dong Li Liu Mengque Xu Yu Wang Tianyu Liu Yujie Zhang Bangmao Wang Hailong Cao 《Molecular carcinogenesis》2019,58(7):1155-1167
The gut microbiota and the bile acid pool play pivotal roles in maintaining intestinal homeostasis. Bile acids are produced in the liver from cholesterol and metabolized in the intestine by the gut microbiota. Gut dysbiosis has been reported to be associated with colorectal cancer. However, the interplay between bile acid metabolism and the gut microbiota during intestinal carcinogenesis remains unclear. In the present study, we investigated the potential roles of bile acids and the gut microbiota in the cholic acid (CA; a primary bile acid)‐induced intestinal adenoma‐adenocarcinoma sequence. Apc min/+ mice, which spontaneously develop intestinal adenomas, were fed a diet supplemented with 0.4% CA for 12 weeks. Mice that were fed a normal diet were regarded as untreated controls. In CA‐treated Apc min/+ mice, the composition of the gut microbiota was significantly altered, and CA was efficiently transformed into deoxycholic acid (a secondary bile acid) by the bacterial 7α‐dehydroxylation reaction. The intestinal adenoma‐adenocarcinoma sequence was observed in CA‐treated Apc min/+ mice and was accompanied by an impaired intestinal barrier function and IL‐6/STAT3‐related low‐grade inflammation. More importantly, microbiota depletion using an antibiotic cocktail globally compromised CA‐induced intestinal carcinogenesis, suggesting a leading role for the microbiota during this process. Overall, our data suggested that the crosstalk between bile acids and the gut microbiota mediated intestinal carcinogenesis, which might provide novel therapeutic strategies against intestinal tumor development. 相似文献