泰必利治疗迟发性运动障碍的疗效观察

为了解泰必利治疗迟发性运动障碍（ＴＤ）的疗效，本文对此进行了研究，现报告于后。１对象与方法对我院２６０例住院患者以异常不自主动作评定量表（ＡＩＭＳ）和迟发性运动量表（ＴＤＲＳ）进行迟发性运动障碍筛选，凡ＡＩＭＳ评分大于２分者视为可疑病例，共计２０例；然后对本组患者使用海俄辛０．３ｍｇ治疗，每日两次，连续３天，用药期间不自主动作消失，缓解者作为排除ＴＤ。若症状加重或不变则为入组对象，并排除其它原因所致的异常运动，共计１６例。其中男１０例，女６例。年龄２０～６０岁，平均４８岁。精神病程３～４９年，平…     

纳洛酮治疗迟发性运动障碍3例

纳洛酮治疗迟发性运动障碍３例郑俊忠郑璇庄伟端我们用纳洛酮治疗抗精神病药引起的迟发性运动障碍（Ｔａｒｄｉｖｅｄｙｓｋｉｎｅｓｉａ，ＴＤ），有一定疗效。举典型３例报道如下：例１男３４岁，１９８３年患精神分裂症，曾在本市精神病院住院。常年服奋乃静１２～２０...     

长期抗精神病药治疗撤药时的运动障碍

目的：调查撤药出现的运动障碍（ＷＥ－Ｄ）是否为迟发性运动障碍（ＴＤ）的早期征象。方法：７１例精神分裂症病人停药２周,于停药前及停药后第２周末评定迟发性运动障碍量表（Ｓｉｍｐ－ｓｏｎ量表）及阴性症状量表,收集临床资料,并随访半年。结果：无ＴＤ组病人年龄、病程显著低于ＷＥ－Ｄ组及ＴＤ组病人;ＷＥ－Ｄ组与ＴＤ组病人间年龄、病程、抗精神病药治疗持续时间、平均剂量及阴性症状间无显著差异。结论：ＷＥ－Ｄ可能是ＴＤ的一个早期表现或为一隐匿性运动障碍     

住院双相情感障碍患者迟发性运动障碍相关因素分析

调查１０１例双相情感性精神障碍患者迟发性运动障碍（ＴＤ）的危险因素。方法用迟发性运动障碍量表（Ｓｉｍｐｓｏｎ量表）、认知功能问卷调查，并收集临床资料。对相关因素进行ｌｏｇｉｓｔｉｃ回归分析，判断ＴＤ的危险因子。结果ＴＤ与抗精神病药治疗时间、因躁狂住院的次数呈正相关。结论长期抗精神病药治疗可能是双相情感性精神障碍患者ＴＤ产生的高危因素     

异丙嗪治疗迟发性运动障碍双盲对照观察

异丙嗪治疗迟发性运动障碍双盲对照观察王修成丁东民谢木林王建滨以２２例精神分裂症伴发迟发性运动障碍（ＴＤ）的住院患者作为观察对象，ＴＤ病程在２月以上，不自主运动量表（ＡＬＭＳ）前７项至少有１项＞３分，或２项＞２分。随机均分为两组，治疗组以异丙嗪肌内注射...     

以胃肠症状为主要临床相的迟发性运动障碍6例误诊

以胃肠症状为主要临床相的迟发性运动障碍６例误诊王世明＊于万青＊程云志迟发性运动障碍（ＴＤ）临床表现不一，但以胃肠症状为主要临床表现者较罕见，而且容易误诊。现将１９８４～１９９４年误诊为胃肠功能性疾病临床资料分析如下：资料与分析男５例，女１例。精分症５...     

氟桂嗪与安慰剂治疗迟发性运动障碍双盲对照研究

氟桂嗪与安慰剂治疗迟发性运动障碍双盲对照研究曾昭祥，于兴旺，陈景清，李志成据国外文献介绍钙离子拮抗剂对迟发性运动障碍（ＴＤ）有较好的治疗作用，我们采用双盲自身交叉对照法观察研究了氟桂嗪（西比林，ｆｌｕｎａｒｌｚｉｎｅ），对ＴＤ的治疗效果。所有病例皆为...     

卡马西平与安定合并治疗迟发性运动障碍疗效观察

卡马西平与安定合并治疗迟发性运动障碍疗效观察莫运兵庄兴刚韦世清作者以卡马西平与安定合并治疗迟发性运动障碍（ＴＤ）５例。患者皆为男性，年龄２０～４２岁，诊断为精神分裂症或分裂样精神病，在奋乃静、氯氮平、氟哌啶醇及舒必利治疗期间发生ＴＤ。使用卡马西平０．...     

维生素E和心得安治疗迟发性运动障碍的对照研究

维生素Ｅ和心得安治疗迟发性运动障碍的对照研究安徽省阜阳市精神病医院（２３６０１５）宁南义张丽王世纪近年来，国内外报告维生素Ｅ和心得安对迟发性运动障碍（ＴＤ）均有良好疗效［１～３］。为了比较两药对ＴＤ的疗效，我们于１９８９年９月～１９９５年９月历时６年...     

糖尿病与TD的发生

糖尿病与ＴＤ的发生【英】／ＷｏｅｒｎｅｒＭＧ…＂ＡｍＪＰｓｙｃｈｉａｔｒｙ，－１９９３，１５Ｏ（６）：－９６６～９６８有研究发现，５５岁以上者服神经阻滞剂累计４３周后，迟发性运动障碍（ＴＤ）的发生率高达３１％。临床调查表明，糖尿病也可能是迟发性运动障...     

慢性精神分裂症迟发性运动障碍患者6年随访

目的:了解长期服用抗精神病药的慢性精神分裂症住院患者迟发性运动障碍(TD)的预后。方法:对以往诊断为TD的54例住院患者TD症状进行6年随访。结果:42.6%患者TD症状改善,35.2%患者症状不变,22.2%患者症状恶化。服用新型非典型抗精神病药者TD症状改善较明显。患者的年龄、性别、目前药物剂量、药物剂量的改变、首次用药年龄、累计服药时间及总病程对TD症状的改善无影响。结论:长期用药患者TD症状仍可有所改善,新型非典型抗精神病药物可能改善TD症状。     

Digital movement analysis,a new objective method of measuring tardive dyskinesia and drug-induced parkinsonian tremor: acceptability,reliability and validity

Digital movment analysis (DMA) is a new instrumental approach to assessing oral tardive dyskinesia (TD) by means of digital image processing of a video signal, tracking five paper dots placed around the patient's mouth. A total of 40 schizophrenic patients, 30 with and 10 without TD, were examined twice (with a 3-month interval) with this new device. The patients were further examined with two TD rating scales: the St. Hans Rating Scale for extrapyramidal syndromes (SHRS) and the Abnormal Involuntary Movement Scale (AIMS).The schizophrenic patients accepted the instrumental assessment without any anxiety or resistance. The internal relibility of the apparatus was high, with correlation coefficients of 0.80–0.99. The DMA TD values correlated with the SHRS and AIMS scores with correlation coefficients of 0.48–0.73 indicating an acceptable, although not strong, concurrent validity. Fluctuations occurred from the first to the second examination independent of medication. For these fluctuations no correlation was found between DMA values and rating scores. Finally, the DMA device was able to detect perioral tremor as a sign of parkinsonism.It has been concluded that DMA is a useful supplement to classical TD rating, although further validity evaluation is warranted.     

血浆同型半胱氨酸与迟发性运动障碍的关系

目的:探讨血浆同型半胱氨酸(Hey)与迟发性运动障碍(TD)的关系.方法:对33例伴TD的精神分裂症患者(TD组)与33例不伴,TD的精神分裂症患者(非TD组)进行血浆Hey与血清维生素B12、叶酸水平检测.结果:TD组血浆Hey水平显著高于非TD组,而血清叶酸水平显著低于非TD组.两组血浆Hey水平均与血清维生素B1...     

迟发性运动障碍与血清尿酸的关系

目的：观察伴迟发性运动障碍（TD）的精神分裂症患者血清尿酸变化，探索尿酸与TD的关系。方法：采用尿酸酶法测定23例TD患者、相匹配的23例非TD患者及24例正常对照的血清尿酸水平，使用异常不自主运动量表（AIMS）评定TD的严重程度。结果：TD组血清尿酸水平显著低于非TD组及对照组（P均〈0．01），而非TD组与对照组之间血清尿酸水平无差异。TD组中AIMS评分与血清尿酸水平呈负相关（r=-0．435，P〈0．05）。结论：TD患者存在低血清尿酸水平并与TD的严重程度有关，尿酸可能参与了TD的病理生理过程。     

The relevance of clinical subtypes for disease course,family history and epidemiological variables in Parkinson's disease

Clinical outcome and relevance of genetic and epidemiological factors were evaluated in 161 patients with idiopathic Parkinson's disease (PD) with regard to onset symptoms [tremor (T) vs non-tremor (NT)], to clinical classification into tremor-dominant (TD), alkineto-rigid (AR), and equivalent (EQ) subtypes, and to disease onset before the 45th year of age (EO) and after age 69 (LO). Patients were investigated by questionnaire-based personal interview and clinical examination. Allegedly symptomatic first-degree relatives were examined personally or had sufficient medical documentation to allow neurological diagnosis. Disease course was more favorable in T than in NT, in TD than in AR or EQ, and in EO compared with LO. Among EO and LO patients, clinical subtypes TD, AR and EQ were not differently distributed. Frequency of first-degree relatives with PD or essential tremor and any epidemiological variable tested were not elicited differently between TD, AR and EQ patients, with the exception that TD reported more frequent premorbid travelling. EO patients reported higher frequencies of premorbid head trauma and rural living than LO patients. The more favorable disease prognosis of patients with predominant tremor at presentation and of patients with early disease onset is corroborated. Clinical subgroups do not differ in genetic and epidemiological factors.     

Smoking and tardive dyskinesia: lack of involvement of the CYP1A2 gene

OBJECTIVE: To establish if there is an association between cigarette smoking and tardive dyskinesia (TD) in patients with schizophrenia and to evaluate the role of the CYP1A2 polymorphism in TD in patients of Chinese descent. METHOD: Two-hundred and ninety-one patients diagnosed with schizophrenia according to DSM-IV criteria were included in the study. Dyskinesia was assessed by the Abnormal Involuntary Movement Scale and TD by the criteria of Schooler and Kane. Demographic and clinical data and information on smoking habits were collected, and patients of Chinese descent with a well established smoking history were subsequently genotyped for CYP1A2. RESULTS: Forty-three (41.3%) of the 104 patients with a history of smoking and 52 (27.8%) of the 187 non-smokers were diagnosed with TD. The prevalence of TD was significantly higher among smokers than non-smokers (chi2 = 5.57, p = 0.018). Logistic regression using TD as the dependent variable revealed smokers to be at a significantly higher risk for TD (p < 0.005). Genotyping of smokers of Chinese descent for CYP1A2 polymorphism revealed no significant differences in the genotypic or allelic distribution between those with and without TD. CONCLUSIONS: Consistent with other studies, the prevalence of TD was significantly higher among smokers than non-smokers; however, we did not find an association between the C --> A genetic polymorphism of CYP1A2 and TD.     

长期住院精神分裂症患者迟发性运动障碍调查

目的：探讨住院8年以上的男性精神分裂症患者的迟发性运动障碍(TD)的发生率及其危险因素。方法：对住院8年以上的男性精神分裂症患者193例使用异常不自主运动量表(AIMS)评定患者有无TD及其严重程度。结果：TD总的发生率为24．9％。TD组的当前服药剂量高，服用高效价药多，联用苯海索多。结论：服药剂量的高低及高效价药和苯海索的使用可能会影响到TD的发生。     

双相情感性精神障碍患者迟发性运动障碍初探

调查３３例双相情感性精神障碍患者迟发性运动障碍（ＴＤ）有关的因素，并评估其认知功能。用迟发性运动障碍量表（Ｓｉｍｐｓｏｎ量表）、认知功能问卷调查，并收集临床资料。结果发现，有ＴＤ的比无ＴＤ的患者住院总次数多，因躁狂发作住院的次数多，抗精神病药治疗时间长，平均日剂量高，合并抗胆碱能药时间长。表明长期、高剂量抗精神病药治疗可能是双相情感性精神障碍病人ＴＤ产生的高危因素，且长期并用抗胆碱能药增加ＴＤ产生的危险。有无ＴＤ的病人认知功能并无差异。     

COMT基因多态性与迟发性运动障碍的关联研究

目的探讨中国汉族人口中儿茶酚胺氧位甲基转移酶(COMT)基因Val108/158Met多态性与迟发性运动障碍(TD)的关系。方法以124例伴TD的精神分裂症患者(TD组)、112例不伴TD的精神分裂症患者(非TD组)及112例正常健康对照者(正常对照组)为研究对象,并采用聚合酶链反应-限制性片段长度多态性(PCR-RFLP)技术检测COMT基因多态性。结果(1)TD组与非TD组及正常对照组比较,等位基因及基因型频率均无统计学差异。(2)非TD组与正常对照组比较,非TD组的高活性G等位基因频率(0.78)显著高于正常对照组(0.70),低活性A等位基因频率(0.22)显著低于正常对照组(0.30);非TD组低活性A/A基因型频率(0.02)显著低于正常对照组(0.07)。(3)COMT基因型与TD严重程度具有显著相关性,A/A基因型患者的TD严重程度评分显著高于G/G基因型。结论本研究未发现COMT基因与TD的发生有关联。不伴TD的精神分裂症可能与COMT基因存在相关性,高活性G等位基因可能增加了不伴TD的精神分裂症的发生风险。COMT基因型与TD严重程度可能具有相关性,低活性A/A基因型患者可能较高活性G/G基因型患者表现更严重的TD。