皮肤软组织扩张器在头部疤痕畸形修复中的临床应用

目的 探讨皮肤软组织扩张器在头面部疤痕畸形修复中的应用.方法 对本科收治的98例头面部疤痕患者,应用皮肤软组织扩张器修复.手术分三期:一期:埋置扩张器,扩张皮瓣;二期:取出扩张囊后,利用扩张皮瓣修复缺损组织.三期:细微修饰瑕疵.结果 本组98例患者埋置扩张器共156个,一次修复疤痕面积最大22cm×14cm,出现切口感染1例,扩张器外漏1例,扩张器不扩张1例,经对症处理后痊愈.术后皮瓣均成活,修复后形态自然,术后随访6-18个月,效果满意,皮肤颜色与正常肤色一致.结论 皮肤软组织扩张器是治疗头面部瘢痕患者的有效方法之一,在临床上值得推广.     

手指侧方岛状皮瓣修复邻指骨、肌腱外露创面11例

目的:介绍以手指侧方岛状皮瓣修复邻指皮肤缺损、骨与肌腱外露创面的临床应用.方法:采用手指侧方岛状皮瓣转位移植修复邻指皮肤缺损、骨与肌腱外露创面11例11指.供区游离植皮修复.结果:术后11例皮瓣全部成活.经6个月～8a随访,手指外形与功能均恢复正常.结论:手指侧方岛状皮瓣设计合理,血供可靠,适于修复邻指皮肤缺损、骨与肌腱外露创面.     

皮肤扩张术修复头皮合并颅骨缺损

目的探讨头皮合并颅骨缺损的修复方法。方法对2000年至2007年治疗的6例头皮合并颅骨缺损患者，采用皮肤扩张术修复头皮，钛网修补颅骨缺损。结果6例患者中，1例患者出现皮瓣下积液，经抽吸、加压包扎后愈合；其余病例未出现感染、血肿及皮瓣坏死等并发症，外观满意。结论皮肤扩张术和钛网联合应用是修复头皮合并颅骨缺损的较好方法。     

增强CT三维成像在扩张皮瓣修复小儿体表肿物切除后继发创面中的应用

目的探讨增强CT三维成像在扩张皮瓣修复小儿体表肿物切除后继发创面中的辅助作用。 方法选择2016年10月至2019年9月国家儿童医学中心 首都医科大学附属北京儿童医院烧伤整形科收治的29例体表肿物(血管瘤与脉管畸形、色素痣、皮脂腺痣)切除后需要通过扩张皮瓣修复继发创面的患儿。所有患儿均Ⅰ期行软组织扩张器置入术,扩张器完成注水扩张后对扩张部位行增强CT三维成像,获得供区皮瓣血管分支的三维图像来指导扩张皮瓣设计。Ⅱ期手术行体表肿物切除、扩张器取出、扩张皮瓣转移修复继发创面,供区直接拉拢缝合,带蒂皮瓣远位转移时则需择期手术断蒂。收集病例资料,统计扩张皮瓣数量及其分布情况,测量转移扩张皮瓣面积,观察扩张皮瓣增强CT三维成像显示的血管分布及造影剂碘海醇不良反应情况,观察皮瓣转移术后皮瓣成活情况;门诊随访4～12个月,观察转移扩张皮瓣的颜色和质地情况。 结果本组29例患儿共设计获取53个扩张皮瓣,其中头部7个、面颈部10个、躯干20个、四肢16个,18例患儿存在2个及以上的扩张皮瓣。转移扩张皮瓣面积为6 cm×5 cm～18 cm×12 cm,增强CT三维成像均显示扩张皮瓣和毗邻空间位置关系,检查过程未见不良反应,其中28个扩张皮瓣可见动脉分支供血或静脉回流。皮瓣转移术后所有扩张皮瓣成活良好,未见血运障碍。术后门诊随访4～12个月,扩张皮瓣颜色和质地与周围正常皮肤相近。 结论增强CT三维成像可辅助扩张皮瓣术前血管评估,有助于避免损伤血管主干,在扩张皮瓣修复小儿体表肿物切除后继发创面中具有一定的应用价值。     

掌背动脉皮瓣的临床应用

目的：探讨掌背动脉皮瓣逆行修复手指皮肤软组织缺损的临床疗效.方法：应用掌背动脉皮瓣逆行修复手指的皮肤软组织缺损24 例.皮瓣大小3 cm×2 cm～7 cm×2 cm.结果：24例皮瓣全部成活,2例病人出现张力水泡.术后随访3～24个月,手指的外观及运动和感觉功能均比较满意.结论：应用掌背动脉皮瓣逆行修复手指的皮肤软组织缺损,解剖恒定,操作简便,外形良好,效果满意.     

胫后动脉内踝上穿支皮瓣顺行或逆行移植修复小腿远端及足踝部皮肤软组织缺损

目的探讨应用胫后动脉内踝上穿支皮瓣顺行或逆行移植修复小腿远端及足踝部皮肤和软组织缺损的临床效果。方法应用胫后动脉内踝上穿支皮瓣顺行或逆行移植修复小腿远端及足踝部皮肤和软组织缺损35例。结果35例转移之皮瓣均成活,术后随访3～24个月,皮瓣均成活且功能良好。结论胫后动脉内踝上穿支血管皮瓣具有手术简单易行,对机体的损伤较小,易于切取和转位等优点。应用胫后动脉穿支血管皮瓣修复小腿及足踝部皮肤软组织缺损是较为理想的方法。     

足底内侧动脉岛状逆行皮瓣修复前足底皮肤缺损

目的：探讨足底内侧动脉逆行岛状皮瓣修复前足底皮肤缺损的临床效果。方法：回顾性分析2006年9月～2009年3月我科设计足底内侧动脉逆行岛状皮瓣修复6例前足底皮肤缺损的临床资料。结果：6例皮瓣全部成活,随访3～12个月,外形与功能改善满意。结论：足底内侧动脉为蒂的足内侧逆行岛状皮瓣是修复前足底皮肤缺损的最佳选择之一。     

以胫骨滋养动脉为蒂的复合骨膜皮瓣移植修复胫前皮肤缺损骨不连

目的：探讨以胫骨滋养动脉为蒂的复合骨膜皮瓣修复胫前皮肤缺损骨不连的方法及疗效。方法：采用以胫骨滋养动脉为蒂的复合骨膜皮瓣游离移植于胫前皮肤缺损处，修复治疗胫骨骨不连26例病例，进行回顾性研究，随访治疗效果。切取皮瓣大小6cm×4cm～18cm×9cm。结果：26例皮瓣全部成活。随访6～28个月，平均17个月，皮瓣外形满意，骨不连在术后3～6个月愈合。结论：以胫骨滋养动脉为蒂的复合骨膜皮瓣，是治疗胫前皮肤缺损骨不连的有效方法。     

尺神经手背支营养血管皮瓣修复小指指腹创面的解剖及临床

目的:报道尺神经手背支营养血管逆行皮瓣修复小指指腹皮肤缺损的解剖基础及方法。方法:根据尺神经手背支及其营养血管的解剖规律,设计逆行皮瓣,修复小指指腹皮肤缺损。结果:患者7例,术后平均随访5～20个月,皮瓣全部成活,其中优3例,良3例,可1例,疗效优良率86%。结论:尺神经手背支营养血管逆行皮瓣血运丰富,修复小指皮肤缺损,覆盖完全,容易成活,优良率高,手术简单。     

皮肤软组织扩张术在烧伤整形外科的应用

目的观察应用皮肤软组织扩张术修复烧伤瘢痕、色素痣、秃发等病损的效果。方法应用皮肤软组织扩张术将扩张器植入头面部、颈部、四肢等处,且在与病损相邻的正常皮肤下扩张后修复病损12例,术中采用的扩张器大小及数量依病损面积而定。按每修复1cm×1cm缺损需扩张器容量5ml计算,扩张后的皮瓣设计成滑行推进皮瓣、旋转皮瓣、交错皮瓣或远距离带蒂皮瓣等。结果本组12例,其中1例皮瓣尖端部分血运障碍,其余11例外形良好,效果满意。结论扩张术是烧伤整形外科中修复创面的较好的方法。     

Level of functioning of siblings and parents of probands of varying degrees of retardation

A further analysis of already published data supports the position that retardates of low ability level less frequently have retarded siblings, retarded parents, and parents low in occupational level than do retardates higher in ability level. The analysis supports the position that there are two types of retarded individuals, persons retarded as a result of gene or chromosomal anomalies, brain injury, etc., who more frequently occur in the lower-level retardate group, and persons whose retardation represents polygenic segregation, who more frequently occur in the higher-level group.     

局部注射辛伐他汀对骨质疏松大鼠股骨髁骨小梁的改建效应

背景：局部注射具有成骨作用的辛伐他汀,可显著增加骨质疏松大鼠股骨颈及股骨髁部的骨密度及力学强度,分析局部注射辛伐他汀对股骨髁骨小梁的影响。 目的：进一步研究骨质疏松大鼠股骨内局部注射辛伐他汀对股骨髁骨小梁的影响。为将辛伐他汀应用于临床骨质疏松局部治疗提供实验基础。 方法：18只雌性SD大鼠双侧卵巢切除后3个月,制备大鼠骨质疏松模型。实验大鼠随机数字表法均分为3组,分别在实验大鼠的右侧股骨髓腔内单次注射辛伐他汀溶液5 mg、10 mg,对照组单纯注射空白载体。分别在注射后1个月处死大鼠并取材。Micro-CT扫描并定量分析骨组织形态变化。 结果与结论：给药后1个月,Micro-CT扫描结果显示,辛伐他汀治疗组的骨微结构参数如骨皮质厚度、骨小梁密度及连接率明显优于对照组。说明疏松骨骼单次注射小剂量辛伐他汀可显著促进股骨髁部骨小梁改建,改善骨骼微结构,可为强化局部、防治骨质疏松骨折的新选择进一步提供实验基础。     

石斛属民族药用植物的分类及生药学研究

中药石斛早在《神农本草经》中就被列为上品,其应用历史悠久,具有养阴生津、补肾益气、润喉护嗓、活血明目、抗癌防老等功效。本文对国内外石斛属民族药用植物的分类及生药学研究进行了综述。     

膝关节骨性关节炎的关节镜治疗体会

目的我科自2001～2005年4月对59例67膝的骨性关节炎（0A），进行关节镜检查及镜下清理术。方法镜检：膝关节骨性关节炎伴不同程度滑膜炎，滑膜皱壁粘连纤维片，关节软骨不同程度破坏。镜下清除增生滑膜，松解粘连，去除剥脱软骨、修复关节面。结果随访2月～4年，平均1.5年，术后综合评估2月～1年，优良率94％；1～2年，优良率79.2％；2年以上优良率54.8％。结论关节镜对膝关节骨性关节炎诊断能提供了比较全面的资料，并对骨性关节炎早期有良好疗效，具有创伤小、恢复快、并发症少和重复治疗等优点。     

Anatomical study of distribution of valves of the cutaneous veins of adult''s limbs

Since the cutaneous veins of the four limbs have been used as autogenous grafts in the treatment of cardiovascular disorders, knowledge of distribution of the valves is increasingly required depending upon the use. In the gross anatomical study of distribution of valves of the trunci venae, there has been argument about locational relationships between the venous roots and the valves in the vicinity of the roots and the inter-valvular distance. However, there have been only few reports discussing detailed information about valves of the cutaneous veins of the four limbs. The authors observed patterns of distribution of the cutaneous venous valves of the four limbs of cadavers prepared for practice in anatomy. The following parts were excised from each cadaver: the cephalic, basilic, and the great saphenous veins, which originate from the acral venous network and flow into the proximal deep veins, and the venous roots communicating with these veins. An incision was made on each excised vein in the direction of the long axis under observation with a stereoscopic microscope, and the inter-valvular distance and the distance between the valve and the orifice of venous root in the vicinity of the valve were measured. The inter-valvular distance varied with type of the truncus venae, and it varied according to area even in the same truncus venae.     

Pathways of the realization of immunomodulating effects of neurotransmitters

Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 115, N ^o 4, pp. 401–404, April, 1993     

Characterization of sterols of three digenetic trematodes of buffalo

Sterols of three digenetic trematodes were isolated and characterized by infrared and 1H nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopies, and gas-liquid chromatography and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Sterols identified were cholesterol, cholestanol, 24-methylcholesterol, 24-methylcholestanol, 24-ethyl-22-dehydrocholesterol, 24-ethyl-22-dehydrocholestanol, 24-ethylcholesterol and 24-ethylcholestanol.     

Mechanisms of generation of slow components of bioelectric activity in diagnostics of functional state of the gastrointestinal tract

New electrophysiologic devices were used for the diagnostics of the state of excitable structures in the gastrointestinal tract and correction of their motor functions. Bioelectrical and biomechanical activities form the basis of functioning of internal organs. The mechanisms of generation of slow bioelectrical activity that are important for clinical and physiological studies are described. One of these mechanisms is a capacitance parametric transducer converting the energy of contractions into specific electric signals reflecting muscle functions. Another mechanism results from slow oscillations of resting potentials of interrelated excitable cells in large neuromuscular structures of internal organs. The elaborated procedure is efficient for preventing early postoperative paresis of the gastrointestinal tract. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 128, No. 10, pp. 448–452, October, 1999     

胃小弯侧血管弓的MDCT解剖

目的：研究正常胃小弯侧血管弓及其属支血管的多排螺旋CT表现。方法：回顾性分析51例正常成人的上腹部CT资料,观察胃小弯侧血管弓及其属支血管的显示情况、血管弓形态及其与胃壁的关系。结果：51例均显示胃小弯侧血管弓,血管弓贲门部属支、胃体部属支和幽门部属支分别显示46例、15例和10例;血管弓与胃壁紧邻41例。结论：MDCT检查可良好显示正常胃小弯侧血管弓及其属支血管。     

Assessment of the efficacy of treatment of hemangiomas

Assessment of the aftereffects of cryoexposure and ultrahigh-frequency cryoexposure on hemangioma tissue of various types, cavernous and squamous, showed a higher cryogenic effect in hemangiomatous tissue preexposed to ultrahigh-frequency waves. A quantitative criterion is proposed for assessing the efficacy of the studied methods of exposure. Translated fromByulleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 119, N ^o 6, pp. 669–672, June, 1995