Hemodynamic features of Doppler ultrasonography in patients with portal hypertension: intraoperative direct measurement of portal pressure in the portal venous system.

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between a series of portal hemodynamic parameters obtained with Doppler ultrasonography and portal pressure measured directly from patients with portal hypertension (PHT). METHODS: Fifty-seven patients with a clinical diagnosis of PHT who accepted surgical therapy were investigated. The portal pressure was measured directly intraoperatively. Relevant parameters were compared and measured, including the hepatic artery pulsatility index (HAPI), hepatic artery resistive index (HARI), splenic artery resistive index, splenic artery pulsatility index (SpAPI), congestion index (CI) of the portal vein, hepatic buffer index (HBI), liver vascular index (LVI), and PHT index (PHI). RESULTS: Doppler parameters for the postprandial HAPI, SpAPI, CI, LVI, HBI, and PHI were statistically different in patients with PHT and healthy control subjects (P<0.05). The portal pressure was significantly correlated with the HARI (r=0.699; P<.001), HAPI (r=0.582; P<.001), LVI (r=-0.501; P=.003), HBI (r=0.441; P=.009), and Child-Pugh scores (r=0.589; P=.044). CONCLUSIONS: The HAPI, LVI, and HBI are indicative indices in patients with PHT, suggesting that color Doppler ultrasonography can be used as a noninvasive evaluation method for PHT degree. The changes in the HAPI, LVI, and HBI that accompany the increase in portal pressure can reflect hepatic resistance and hepatic artery buffer capacity accurately.     

彩色多普勒超声对门脉高压犬模型建立前后血流动力学的研究

目的　应用超声显像及多普勒技术研究犬肝前性门脉高压症模型的血流动力学改变及其发生机制。方法　通过行缩窄门静脉主干 1 2加丝线慢性栓塞术建立犬肝前性门脉高压症模型 ,于模型建立术前和术后各进行一次二维超声及彩色多普勒血流显像 (CDFI)检查。结果　超声检测显示①术后门静脉系统血管内径均较术前明显增宽 ;②实验犬有广泛门体分流形成 ;③门静脉、肠系膜上静脉流速减慢 ,流量无显著改变 ,脾门脾静脉流速减慢 ,流量增加 ,肝动脉流速增快 ,流量增加。结论　该模型犬术后出现显著血流动力学改变 ,适应于急性血流动力学实验研究     

超声检测门脉高压患者肝脾动脉阻抗指数与门脉压力相关性研究

目的探讨肝动脉、脾动脉阻力指数（HARI、SpARI）及门脉高压指数（PHI）在评价门脉高压中的应用价值。方法57例临床确诊门脉高压并行门奇断流或脾肾分流术的患者被纳为门脉高压组,对照组为25例健康志愿者。门脉高压组均在术前1d行超声检查,对照组在空腹8h以上行超声检查。采用频谱多普勒检测门静脉平均血流速度（PVVel）、HARI、SpARI及肝脾动脉搏动指数（HAPI、SpARI）,并计算门脉高压指数（PHI）。门脉高压组门脉压力以术中胃网膜右静脉直接测压为准。结果对门脉高压组采用直接压力测定法测得门脉压力为（30.090±4.151）mmHg。门脉高压组HAPI、SpAPI及PHI高于正常对照组（P=0.012,P=0.034,P=0.026）,而PVVel、HARI及SpARI在两组之间差异无统计学意义。以HAPI=1.34诊断门脉高压的敏感性为73%、特异性80%、准确性74%。HARI、HAPI与门脉压力呈显著正相关（r=0.699,r=0.582,P均〈0.001）。门脉压力与肝功能Child-Pugh分级呈显著正相关（r=0.589,P=0.044）。结论HAPI在门脉高压组显著高于正常对照组,且与门脉压力呈显著正相关,因此HAPI可作为评价门脉高压的有效指标。     

原发性肝癌不同介入方案治疗后生命质量的评价

目的 观察原发性肝癌(HCC)经皮射频消融(RFA)治疗后生命质量的情况. 方法 采用国内肝癌特异性生命质量量表(QOL-LC V2.0),对88 g,l经RFA治疗,72例经动脉插管栓塞化疗(TACE组)以及49例TACE+RFA(联合治疗组)治疗HCC患者,分别进行生命质量评定. 结果 RFA组生命质量总分中位数(167.6)高于TACE组(145.7)(P<0.01);RFA组和联合治疗组在症彤副作用领域的得分中位数47.5、45.0,均优于TACE组的37.2(均P<0.01);RFA组躯体功能领域得分高于TACE组趋势(P=0.047);TACE组和联合治疗组Child-Pugh分级提高的比例均高于RFA组(均P<0.01);TACE组并发症发生率、肿瘤复发/新生率明显高于RFA组(均P<0.05). 结论 RFA作为一种肝癌局部微创治疗方法.多数患者在获得较好疗效的同时,可避免严重副作用,减少躯体功能损伤,有较高的整体生命质量.适当地选择TACE与RFA联合治疗与单纯TACE相比,可减少肝功能损伤,有利于提高原发性肝癌患者的生命质量.     

超声造影对射频消融阻断肝癌血供的评价及应用价值

目的探讨超声造影（CEUS）评价经皮射频消融（RFA）阻断肝癌血供的效果以及指导RFA治疗的应用价值。方法选择2006年1月至2007年6月北京大学肿瘤医院就诊的71例肝癌患者共75个病灶,均为富血供肝癌,均因不宜行动脉栓塞化疗术（TACE）或TACE疗效不佳拟行RFA。所有患者均经超声引导下穿刺活检病理证实。71例患者随机分为经皮消融阻断荷瘤血管（PAA）＋褂1A组与单纯RFA组2组。PAA＋RFA组38例患者共39个病灶,首先行CEuS确认肿瘤荷瘤血管及浸润范围,并在彩色多普勒超声引导下进行PAA;即刻行CEUS评估肿瘤区域灌注及荷瘤血管阻断程度,并指导沿肿瘤外周区域及血供区域行肿瘤整体消融。单纯RFA组33例患者共36个病灶,于常规超声引导下进行消融,按计算方案及定位模式治疗,先消融肿瘤深部或临近其他脏器区域。治疗后1、3、6个月对2组患者行增强CT评价疗效。应用t检验比较2组患者消融病灶个数差异,应用矿检验比较2组患者治疗后1、6个月肿瘤病灶灭活率差异。结果PAA＋RFA组患者PAA后即刻CEUS显示31个病灶（79．5％,31／39）瘤内灌注缺失范围超过70％,其中13个病灶（33．3％,13／39）显示肿瘤整体灌注缺失呈边界清晰规整的“日全食”征;8个病灶（20．5％,8／39）灌注缺失范围达40％～70％。PAA＋RFA组38例患者共39个病灶PAA前彩色多普勒超声检查示42支主荷瘤血管良好显示;PAA后即刻彩色多普勒血流成像显示35支（83．3％,35／42）荷瘤血管被阻断,3支（7．1％,3／42）血管血流信号明显减少。PAA＋RFA组每个肿瘤平均消融（3．18±1．42）个球灶,较单纯RFA组每个肿瘤平均消融（4．32±1．56）个球灶少,且差异有统计学意义（t=-2．524,P=0．015）。治疗后1个月PAA＋RFA组肿瘤病灶灭活率为92．3％（36／39）,高于单纯RFA组的66．7％（24／35）,且差异有统计学意义（x^2=8．264,P=0．001）。结论CEUS证实PAA可成功阻断或减少荷瘤血供,增大射频凝固坏死区,有效降低富血供大肿瘤RFA复发率;重视CEUS指导PAA下RFA治疗,可减少消融病灶数目,有较高的应用价值。     

Image-guided locoregional non-intravascular interventional treatments for hepatocellular carcinoma: Current status

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most deadly and frequent cancers worldwide, although great advancement in the treatment of this malignancy have been made within the past few decades. It continues to be a major health issue due to an increasing incidence and a poor prognosis. The majority of patients have their HCC diagnosed at an intermediate or advanced stage in theUSA or China. Curative therapy such as surgical resection or liver transplantation is not considered anoption of treatment at these stages.Transarterial chemoembolization (TACE), the most widely used locoregional therapeutic approach, used to be the mainstay of treatment for cases with unresectable cancer entities. However, for those patients with hypovascular tumors or impaired liver function reserve, TACE is a suboptimal treatment option. For example, embolization does not result in complete coverage of a hypovascular tumor, and may rather promotes postoperative tumor recurrence, or leave residual tumor, in these TACE-resistance patients. In addition, TACE carries a higher risk of hepatic decompensation in patients with poor liver function or reserve.Non-vascular interventional locoregional therapies for HCC include radiofrequency ablation (RFA), microwave ablation (MWA), high-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU), laser-induced thermotherapy (LITT), cryosurgical ablation (CSA), irreversible Electroporation (IRE), percutaneous ethanol injection (PEI), and brachytherapy. Recent advancements in these techniques have significantly improved the treatment efficacy of HCC and expanded the population of patients who qualify for treatment. This review embraces the current status of imaging-guided locoregional non-intravascular interventional treatments for HCCs, with a primary focus on the clinical evaluation and assessment of the efficacy of combined therapies using these interventional techniques.     

射频消融联合经动脉化疗栓塞治疗肝癌的疗效分析

目的:比较经动脉灌注化疗栓塞(transcatheter arterial chemoembolization,TACE)联合射频消融(radiofrequency ablation,RFA)治疗肝细胞肝癌(hepatocellular carcinoma,HCC)与单独TACE或RFA治疗的临床远期疗效.方法:通过计算机和手工检索收集国内外关于TACE+RFA与单独TACE或RFA治疗无法手术切除肝癌的临床随机对照研究文献,并按Cochrane协作网推荐的方法进行Meta分析.采用RevMan 4.2软件,对符合纳入标准的8个研究进行Meta分析.结果:联合治疗组的1、2、3年生存率显著优于单独治疗组(均P＜0.05).亚组分析结果显示:1年生存率联合治疗组和RFA组无显著差异;联合治疗组1、2、3年生存率显著优于TACE组(均P＜0.01).结论:TACE联合RFA治疗无法手术切除肝癌的远期疗效较单独治疗好,能有效提高患者生存率.     

Evaluation of posttreatment response of hepatocellular carcinoma: comparison of ultrasonography with second-generation ultrasound contrast agent and multidetector CT

We evaluated the ability of one-month follow-up contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) with second-generation contrast agent in monitoring radio frequency ablation (RFA) and transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) treatments of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). One-hundred forty-eight HCCs were studied using CEUS: 110 nodules were treated with RFA [41/110 RFA were performed using a pretreatment and an immediate postablation evaluation using CEUS (group 1); 69/110 using only US guidance (group 2)] and 38 nodules treated with TACE. For statistical analysis, McNemar test was used. Overall complete response was observed in 107/148 nodules (92/110 treated with RFA and 15/38 with TACE). A better rate of complete response was found in group 1 compared to group 2 (92.7% vs. 78.3%). In RFA treatment, CEUS showed a sensitivity of 83.3% and a specificity of 100% (diagnostic accuracy of 97%) using MDCT as reference standard with no statistical difference (p > 0.05). CEUS detected all cases of incomplete response in HCC treated with TACE using angiography as reference standard (diagnostic accuracy 100%). We recommend assessing residual intratumoral flow on CEUS during RFA procedure to determine the necessity of immediate additional treatment. In case of positive CEUS results, HCC treated with TACE should be considered still viable.     

彩超观察肝癌经肝动脉栓塞化疗前后门静脉血供的动态变化

目的:应用彩色多普勒超声观察肝细胞性肝癌(HCC)患者经肝动脉栓塞化疗(TACE)前后门静脉作为肿瘤引流血管及供血血管的动态变化并探讨其临床意义。方法:HCC患者42例,行2次TACE治疗,分别于2次TACE术前及术后7d行彩超检查,分析不同时间段肿瘤血供方式的变化。结果:首次TACE术前肝癌均有动脉参与供血,以动脉供血并门静脉引流者所占比例最大占50%,其次是单纯动脉供血方式占35.7%,动脉与门静脉双重供血者较少占14.3%,但无单纯门静脉供血者;而TACE术后7d出现5例完全由门静脉供血的肿瘤,占11.9%;双重供血的肿瘤数也显著增加,占47.6%;单纯动脉供血及动脉供血门静脉引流的肿瘤数则显著减少,分别占19.0%、21.4%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。第二次TACE前后肝癌血供的变化趋势与首次TACE相似,但变化无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:经TACE治疗后部分肿瘤内门静脉由TACE术前的引流血管转变为术后的供血血管,门静脉作为HCC供血血管的比例增加。     

肝动脉化疗栓塞序贯射频消融及联合CIK细胞疗法治疗肝细胞癌的临床研究

目的：观察肝动脉化疗栓塞(TACE)序贯射频消融(RFA)及TACE序贯RFA联合CIK细胞疗法治疗原发性肝癌的临床疗效。方法：61例原发性肝细胞癌患者分为TACE序贯RFA后联合CIK细胞治疗27例（研究组），TACE序贯RFA治疗34例（对照组）。于治疗前后检测肿瘤大小、血清甲胎蛋白（AFP）及CD3＋、CD4＋、CD8＋、CD4＋/CD8＋，治疗后评估生命质量。结果：TACE序贯RFA后联合CIK细胞治疗研究组治疗后的缓解率（85.19％）高于对照组（61.76％）（P＜0.05）；研究组AFP降为正常者占84.21％，高于对照组（52.00％）（P＜0.05)；研究组治疗后CD3＋、CD4＋、CD4＋/CD8＋升高程度较对照组更为明显(P<0．01)；研究组生命质量明显优于对照组（P＜0.01)。结论：TACE序贯RFA后联合CIK细胞综合疗法治疗原发性肝癌有较好的临床疗效，优于TACE序贯RFA治疗，提高了患者的生命质量。     

Clinical application of a combination therapy of lentinan, multi-electrode RFA and TACE in HCC

INTRODUCTION: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common cancer-related causes of death worldwide and there is a clear need for further treatment options. In this study, we assessed the efficacy of a combination of lentinan (a fungal extract), transcatheter arterial chemoembolisation (TACE) and radiofrequency ablation (RFA) in HCC patients. METHODS: Seventy-eight patients with HCC confirmed by pathology and iconographical checks were used in this study. A total of 136 tumours with a mean diameter of 6.5 cm were detected (standard deviation [SD]+/-0.7). Subjects were divided into four groups, receiving either TACE only, RFA only, RFA and TACE, or the combination group - receiving lentinan, RFA and TACE. RESULTS: The tumour necrosis was significantly higher in the combination group (88.6%), compared to the TACE group (37.5%), the RFA group (47.8%) and the TACE/RFA group (60.3%; P<0.05). The tumour recurrence rate was significantly lower in the combination group (17.8%), compared to the TACE group (45.8%), the RFA group (34.7%) and the TACE/RFA group (29.0%; P<0.05). Finally, mean survival duration was significantly higher in the combination group (28.2 months; P<0.05). CONCLUSION: Combination therapy involving lentinan, RFA and TACE was beneficial in terms of increasing mean survival duration, tumour necrosis and reducing the recurrence rate. Lentinan may therefore be of benefit to HCC patients.     

肝动脉化疗栓塞联合射频消融治疗直径≥5 cm肝细胞癌患者10年疗效及预后分析

目的探讨经导管肝动脉化疗栓塞（TACE）联合射频消融（RFA）治疗直径≥5 cm肝细胞癌（HCC）患者的远期疗效及预后影响因素。 方法选择2006年1月至2015年12月天津第三中心医院收治并接受RFA治疗或RFA联合TACE治疗的HCC患者79例。其中36例HCC患者行单纯RFA治疗（RFA组）,43例HCC患者行TACE联合RFA治疗（TACE联合组）。TACE联合组患者在TACE术后2周内进行RFA治疗。采用χ²检验比较TACE联合组与RFA组患者肿瘤首次完全消融率差异;采用Kaplan-Meier法对2组患者进行生存分析,并采用Log-rank检验比较2组患者的生存率。采用Cox回归分析直径≥5 cm的HCC患者预后的影响因素。 结果TACE联合组患者肿瘤首次完全消融率93.0%（40/43）,RFA组患者肿瘤首次完全消融率为91.7%（33/36）,两者比较差异无统计学意义（χ²=0.051,P=0.821）。TACE联合组及RFA组患者1、3、5、7、10年肿瘤无进展生存率分别为78.8%、56.1%、38.4%、25.2%、16.8%及69.0%、40.0%、20.1%、13.4%、13.4%,两者差异无统计学意义（χ²=3.561,P=0.059）;TACE组患者1、3、5、7、10年总生存率分别为83.4%、57.6%、45.9%、41.3%、31.0%,高于RFA组患者的68.8%、40.2%、24.1%、16.2%、16.2%,且差异有统计学意义（χ²=4.681,P=0.030）。单因素分析结果显示,合并门脉分支瘤栓、肿瘤无假包膜以及甲胎蛋白（AFP）浓度升高是影响直径≥5 cm的HCC患者总生存时间的因素;进一步多因素分析结果显示,合并门脉分支瘤栓及AFP浓度升高是影响直径≥5 cm的HCC患者总生存时间的独立危险因素。 结论TACE联合RFA治疗能延长直径≥5 cm HCC患者的生存时间,改善患者预后;合并门脉分支瘤栓及AFP浓度是影响直径≥5 cm HCC患者预后的独立危险因素。     

Percutaneous microwave ablation combined with simultaneous transarterial chemoembolization for hepatocellular carcinoma with macrovascular invasion or extrahepatic metastases

ObjectiveTo evaluate the safety and efficacy of percutaneous microwave ablation (MWA) combined with simultaneous transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients with microvascular invasion (MVI) or extrahepatic metastases (EHM).MethodsBetween August 2012 and April 2017, 101 patients with MVI/EHM of HCC underwent percutaneous MWA combined with simultaneous TACE at our center. The clinical data were collected and analyzed for survival and prognostic factors.ResultsThe mean follow-up time was 23.6 ± 14.7 months. One patient had grade 3 complications, and the median overall survival was 12.0 months (95% confidence interval 9.7–14.3). Multivariate analysis showed that Child-Pugh class, serum alpha-fetoprotein level, and Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status were independent factors of survival.ConclusionOur results suggest that percutaneous MWA combined with simultaneous TACE is a safe and effective treatment for HCC with MVI/EHM.     

多普勒超声对原发性肝癌肝动脉化疗栓塞的疗效评价

目的:探讨多普勒超声评价经肝动脉化疗栓塞术(TACE)治疗原发性肝癌(HCC)疗效的价值。方法:对51例原发性肝癌TACE术前、术后行多普勒超声检查，用二维超声观察肿瘤大小及内部回声改变。彩色多普勒超声(CDFI)观察肿瘤血供情况及脉冲多普勒(PW)记录肝动脉、门静脉血流动力学改变。结果:TACE术后大多数肿瘤均有不同程度缩小,肿瘤血供明显减少(P<0.001),其血供减少程度与肿瘤缩小程度呈正相关(r=0.757,P<0.001)。肝动脉峰值流速明显下降，门静脉血流速度增快(P<0.001)。结论:多普勒超声能客观判断肿瘤大小及血流灌注状态，是目前检验肝癌TACE术后效果较理想的影像学检查方法之一。     

射频消融与微波消融对离体牛肝作用的实验研究

目的：比较射频消融与微波消融对离体牛肝的作用效果。方法实验分为射频组与微波组,分别使用Cool-tip射频针与冷循环微波刀,均采用单针单次方式消融离体牛肝,比较两组间相同消融时间消融灶纵径、横径及体积。结果消融4、6、8 min,微波组消融灶纵径及体积均大于对应时间射频组消融灶纵径及体积（P＜0.05）,消融10 min,两组消融灶纵径及体积差异均无统计学意义（P＞0.05）;消融4 min,微波消融灶横径大于对应时间射频消融灶横径（P＜0.05）,消融6、8、10 min,两组消融灶横径差异均无统计学意义（P＞0.05）。结论与射频相比较,微波的热效率更高,消融速度更快,但随着消融时间延长,最终两者可取得相近的消融效果。     

Transcatheter arterial chemoembolization combined with simultaneous cone beam computed tomography-guided multipolar microwave ablation for massive hepatocellular carcinoma (≥10 cm): Safety and primary clinical results

PurposeTo explore the safety and clinical efficacy of transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE)combined with simultaneous cone beam computed tomography (CBCT)-guided multipolar microwave ablation (MWA)in the treatment of massive hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).Materials and methodsRecords of nine patients who underwent TACE combined with simultaneous CBCT-guided multipolar MWA for massive HCC, between January and June 2015, were retrospectively reviewed. Technical success rate, blood levels of liver function indicators, complications, and tumor response one month after treatmentwere investigated.ResultsThe technical success rate of TACE combined with simultaneous MWA was 100%. The mean procedure time was 195.0 min (range, 125–350 min), the mean hospital stay after the treatment was 4.0 ± 1.0 days (range, 3–7 days), and no serious complications occurred. Minor complications were experienced by some patients but were relieved after conservative treatment. One month after treatment, enhanced CT revealed a complete response rate of 66.7% (6/9), a partial response rate of 22.2% (2/9), and a stable disease rate of 11.1% (1/9). Mild and reversible injury of liver function occurred in these patients.ConclusionTACE combined with simultaneous CBCT-guided MWA for massive HCC was feasible and safe, and yielded a high response rate.     

Intraoperative ultrasound patterns predict recurrences after surgical treatments for hepatocellular carcinoma

IntroductionHepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is associated with a high incidence of postoperative recurrence, despite high rates of complete necrosis with radiofrequency ablation (RFA) and curative hepatic resections (HR). The aim of this study was to identify intraoperative ultrasound patterns observed during HR or RFA that predicting intrahepatic HCC recurrence.Materials and methodsFrom January 1997 through August 2008, we treated 377 patients with HCC (158 with HR and 219 with surgical RFA). All patients underwent intraoperative ultrasound (IOUS) examination. Primary HCCs was classified according to diameter, HCC pattern (nodular or infiltrative), echogenicity (hyper- or hypo-), echotexture (homogeneous or inhomogeneous), capsular invasion, mosaic pattern, nodule-in-nodule appearance, and infiltration of portal vessels. Number of HCC nodules was also considered. Comparisons between the groups of possible factors for intrahepatic recurrence of treated tumors were performed using the Kaplan–Meier method and compared using the log-rank test.ResultsPatients were followed for 9–127 months (median: 18.6 months), and intrahepatic recurrence was observed in 198 (52.5%). In 138 patients (36.5%), recurrences were located in different segments with respect to the primary tumor. In 60 HCC tumors (16%), local recurrences were found in the same segment as the primary tumor. At univariate analysis, primary HCC echogenicity and mosaic pattern were the only factors not significant associated with intrahepatic recurrences.ConclusionIOUS is an accurate staging tool for use during “surgical” resection or RFA. This study shows that IOUS patterns can also be used to estimate the risk of post-treatment HCC recurrence. In patients at high risk for this outcome, closer follow-up and use of adjuvant therapies could be useful.     

Combination therapy of transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) and radiofrequency ablation (RFA) for small hepatocellular carcinoma: comparison with TACE or RFA monotherapy

Abdominal Radiology - To compare the safety and efficacy of combined transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) and radiofrequency ablation (RFA) for small hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) with those of...     

多电极射频联合肝动脉栓塞化疗治疗不能切除大肝癌的临床观察

目的：探讨多电极射频（RFA）联合肝动脉栓塞化疗（TACE）治疗不能切除大肝癌的临床价值。方法：对23例大肝癌患者的30个结节采用RFA及TACE治疗，肝癌结节大小5．3～12．0cm，平均6．4cm。结果：18例治疗前甲胎球蛋白（AFP）升高的患者，治疗后明显下降。6例治疗后再次活检，呈完全性坏死。1a存活73．7％（14／19），3例生存4a以上，1例至今存活达6a以上。结论：RFA联合TACE治疗不能切除的大肝癌是一种安全有效的治疗方法。     

模拟甲状腺囊实性结节囊性成分射频和微波消融的离体实验研究

目的探讨甲状腺囊实性结节射频和微波消融的可行性及效能。 方法使用目前常用的热消融方式（射频和微波）对甲状腺囊实性结节囊性成分的模拟液体（蒸馏水、生理盐水、血液、肝囊肿穿刺液和甲状腺囊实性结节穿刺液）进行消融。作用功率为目前临床常用的热消融功率（35 W和50 W）,每30 s记录温度值,连续监测10 min,绘制时间温度曲线。观察消融针针尖情况,记录针尖液体固化大小、形态及内部结构特点,必要时送病理检查。比较相同功率消融达到目标温度（60 ℃）的时间,并使用方差分析比较相同功率的射频和微波消融的热效能差异。 结果蒸馏水仅能进行微波消融,而无法进行射频消融。35 W射频消融在生理盐水、肝囊肿穿刺液中比微波消融较早达到消融目标温度［（171.4±3.9）s vs（343.6±5.7）s、（170.2±4.8）s vs（444.5±7.2）s］,时间温度曲线上具有较好的热效能（F=228.311、193.632,P均＜0.001）;50 W射频消融在肝囊肿穿刺液中比微波消融较早达到消融目标温度［（127.3±3.1）s vs（165.7±3.4）s］,时间温度曲线上具有较好的热效能（F=47.429,P＜0.001）;但射频消融在血液和甲状腺囊实性结节穿刺液中无法达到消融目标温度。而50 W微波消融能在所有模拟液体中达到消融目标温度,且在血液和甲状腺囊实性结节穿刺液中的热效能明显优于射频消融（F=47.429、22.859,P均＜0.001）。 结论微波消融能对各甲状腺囊实性结节囊性成分的模拟液体进行消融,且性能相对稳定。射频消融热效能较高,但对蒸馏水无法消融,对血液和甲状腺囊实性结节穿刺液因针尖容易形成积碳而效果不佳。