应用电解可脱性弹簧圈栓塞颅内动脉瘤临床体会

目的:讨论电解可脱性弹簧圈血管内栓塞治疗颅内动脉瘤的治疗要点、并发症及疗效的体会。方法:对43例破裂颅内动脉瘤患者采用电解可脱性弹簧圈进行颅内动脉瘤囊内栓塞。术后早期处理出血并进行有效的对症治疗。结果:43例患者发现47个动脉瘤,栓塞导致出血的43个。其中38个100%闭塞,4个95%闭塞,1个90%闭塞。术中出血2例,血管痉挛5例,术后血管痉挛3例。术后39例临床痊愈,2例因合并脑积水行脑室腹腔引流术,2例死亡,随访期间均无再出血。结论:作者体会对颅内动脉瘤可应用脱性弹簧圈进行血管内栓塞疗效可靠,早期栓塞及有效的术后处理可减少并发症,提高治愈率。     

电解可脱性弹簧圈治疗颅内动脉瘤

目的总结电解可脱性弹簧圈栓塞治疗颅内动脉瘤的手术适应证、手术时机的选择、并发症及其防治经验。方法2004年10月至2007年12月我们采用电解可脱性弹簧圈栓塞20例（共22个）颅内动脉瘤。其中前交通动脉瘤10个,后交通动脉瘤6个,大脑中动脉瘤3个,大脑后动脉瘤1个,小脑上动脉瘤1个,小脑后下动脉瘤1个。按Hunt—Hess分级,Ⅰ级6例,Ⅱ级7例,Ⅲ级4例,Ⅳ级2例,Ⅴ级1例。结果本组100％栓塞者10例,95％栓塞者5例,90％栓塞者4例,1例栓塞50％时出现术中出血而中止手术。出现并发症3例,其中术中动脉瘤破裂1例,致密填塞时出现血管小分支闭塞1例,多发性动脉瘤漏诊1例。本组死亡1例,短暂性神经功能缺失1例。栓塞后3～24个月血管造影随访5例,未见复发;电话或信函随访8例,均未再出血,并恢复正常生活及工作。结论采用电解可脱性弹簧圈栓塞治疗颅内动脉瘤安全、有效、微创。正确处理术中并发症、熟悉动脉瘤和载瘤动脉的解剖关系、提高栓塞技术有助于减少并发症,提高治愈率。     

电解可脱性弹簧圈超早期栓塞颅内破裂囊性动脉瘤

目的 总结２２例电解可脱性弹簧圈（Ｇｕｇｌｉｅｌｍｉ ｄｅｔａｃｈａｂｌｅ ｃｏｉｌ,ＧＤＣ）超早期栓塞颅内破裂囊性动脉瘤的经验。方法 女１４例,男８例,年龄４０￣８５岁,平均６２岁。均以自发性蛛网膜下腔出血急诊入院手术,按ＨＥＳＳ－ＨＵＮＴ分级Ⅲ级９例,Ⅳ级１３例。基底动脉顶端动脉瘤８例,前交通动脉动脉瘤５例,颈内动脉－后交通动脉动脉瘤５例,海绵窦部动脉瘤２例,大脑中动脉分叉部动脉瘤２例。６例行     

颅内破裂动脉瘤电解可脱性弹簧圈血管内早期栓塞治疗

目的 探讨早期电解可脱性弹簧罔血管内栓塞颅内破裂动脉瘤的临床疗效及应用价值. 方法 回顾性分析急诊用电解町脱性弹簧圈血管内栓塞治疗颅内破裂动脉瘤208例患者的临床资料. 结果 成功栓塞208例220个颅内动脉瘤.完全栓塞(>95%)128个,大部分栓塞(80%-95%)80个,部分栓塞(<79%)12个.并发动脉瘤破裂2例.1例痊愈,1例死亡;并发脑梗死5例,局部溶栓后遗留偏瘫和单瘫;3例弹簧圈末端遗留于动脉瘤外的载瘤动脉内.经抗凝治疗未发生并发症.12例复发再次栓塞后治愈. 结论 早期电解可脱性弹簧圈血管内栓塞治疗颅内破裂动脉瘤是一种较为安全、可靠、有效的治疗方法.     

电解可脱性弹簧圈栓塞颅内动脉瘤30例

目的总结电解可脱弹簧圈(GDC)栓塞颅内动脉瘤的经验。方法回顾性分析采用GDC栓塞30例(共32个)颅内动脉瘤的临床资料。结果术中动脉瘤破裂1例,致密填塞导致血管小分支闭塞1例。术后死亡1例,发生短暂性神经功能缺失1例。结论正确处理术中并发症,熟悉动脉瘤和载瘤动脉的解剖关系,提高栓塞技术等,有助于减少颅内动脉瘤血管内治疗的并发症与提高治愈率。     

电解可脱性弹簧圈栓塞治疗破裂出血的颅内动脉瘤

1999—2002年解放军151医院用电解可脱性弹簧圈（GDC）栓塞治疗SAH急性期颅内动脉瘤30例，现报告如下。     

急诊电解可脱性弹簧圈血管内栓塞治疗颅内破裂动脉瘤

目的探讨急诊电解可脱性弹簧圈(GDC)血管内栓塞颅内动脉瘤的临床疗效及应用价值。方法急诊用GDC血管内栓塞治疗颅内动脉瘤52例。结果成功栓塞52例55个颅内动脉瘤。51例痊愈,1例死亡。完全栓塞(>95%)32个,大部分栓塞(80%-95%)20个,部分栓塞(<79%)3个。并发动脉瘤破裂2例,其中1例痊愈,1例死亡。并发脑梗塞3例,局部溶栓后,遗留轻偏瘫和单瘫。2例弹簧圈末端遗留于动脉瘤外,经抗凝治疗未发生并发症。3例复发再次栓塞后痊愈。结论此方法是目前较为安全、可靠、有效的一种治疗方法。     

颅内多发动脉瘤的电解可脱弹簧圈栓塞治疗

自１９９８年７月至２０００年３月我院采用电解可脱弹簧圈（GDC）栓塞治疗颅内动脉瘤９３例,其中多发动脉瘤２３例,报告如下：１对象与方法１．１一般资料２３例多发动脉瘤中,男８例,女１５例,年龄３２～６４岁。１．２临床表现１例以一侧动眼神经麻痹入院,余２２例病人临床表现为蛛网膜下腔出血,３例伴发颅内血肿。破裂动脉瘤临床分级依据Hunt和Hess分级标准,其中Ⅰ级５例;Ⅱ级１２例,Ⅲ级４例,Ⅳ级１例。１．３影像学检a查DSA检查２３例,同时作栓塞治疗。本组２３例动脉瘤病人共荷瘤４８个,其中２１例病人荷瘤２个,２…     

电解可脱性弹簧圈治疗颅内动脉瘤：连续100例病人的中期临床结果

作者对连续100例共计有104个颅内动脉瘤的病人,应用电解可脱性弹簧圈(Guglielmi detachable coil,GDC)行血管内栓塞治疗的临床结果进行评估。94例病人中获得中期临床结果(2～6年,平均3年半),并按改良的格拉斯哥标准进行分级(modified Glasgow Outcome Scale)。     

颅内动脉瘤电解可脱弹簧圈栓塞治疗

目的:探讨颅内动脉瘤电解可脱弹簧圈(Guglielmi detachable coil,GDC)栓塞治疗术.方法:经股动脉Seldinger's穿刺,将微导管插入动脉瘤腔用DGC栓塞动脉瘤.结果:11例患者7例完全康复,2例偏瘫,1例自动出院,2例死亡.6例随访头颅平片GDC均在瘤腔,1例患者7个月后复查DSA,无复发.结论:颅内动脉瘤栓塞术是微创有效安全的方法.     

电解可脱性微弹簧圈栓塞治疗颅内动脉瘤

目的总结电解式可脱性微弹簧圈（ＧＤＣ）栓塞治疗颅内动脉瘤的经验。方法１９９８年２月至１９９８年８月用ＧＤＣ栓塞治疗颅内动脉瘤５６例,其中蛛网膜下腔出血（ＳＡＨ）急性期病例１３例。术前Ｈｕｎｔ氏分级;７例为Ⅳ级,１４例为Ⅲ级,３５例为Ⅰ－Ⅱ级。采用美国ＢｏｓｔｏｎＳｃｉｅｎｔｉｆｉｃＣｏ．的ＧＤＣ进行栓塞治疗。结果５６例栓塞后无死亡及永久并发症,有２例前交通动脉瘤栓塞后出现一过性偏瘫,经内科治疗１周,症状、体征消失。５６例中４４例造影证实为完全闭塞,有８例为大部分闭塞。本组由于治疗时间均在半年内,无随访资料。结论ＧＤＣ栓塞治疗动脉瘤,是目前比较理想的治疗方法,但其远期疗效有待随访观察。     

国产电解可脱弹簧圈的初步临床应用

目的 初步总结了国产JASPER电解可脱弹簧圈的临床应用经验.方法 采用117枚国产JASPER电解可脱弹簧圈栓塞颅内脑血管病共20例,其中颅内动脉瘤15例,硬脑膜动静脉瘘4例,外伤性颈动脉海绵窦瘘1例.20例中,单独应用JASPER电解可脱弹簧圈治疗9例,与其他品牌可脱弹簧圈联合使用者11例.结果 国产JASPER电解可脱弹簧圈在顺滑程度、解旋情况、软硬程度、成篮效果、致密填塞情况与进口同类产品无明显差别,电解脱时间为(41.19±8.68)s,15例颅内动脉瘤完全栓塞10例,次全栓塞5例;4例硬脑膜动静脉瘘3例完全栓塞,部分栓塞1例;1例外伤性颈动脉海绵窦瘘完全栓塞.数字减影造影(DSA)复查7例无复发迹象.结论 国产JASPER电解可脱弹簧圈性能可靠,临床效果确实.

Abstract：

Objective To report the primary clinical experience of JASPER electrolytically detachable coils in neurovascular intervention. Method 117 coils were used in 20 patients including 15 aneurysms ,4 dural arterio - venous fistula ( DAVF) and 1 CCF. Nine cases were embolized only with JASPER electrolytically detachable coils,and 11 cases were embolized by combined using of electrolytically detachable coils and other detachable coils. Results There was no significant difference between JASPER electrolytically detachable coils and other coils in visibility,flexibility,effect of forming a basket,uncoiling, dense packing and convenience of deployment The time needed for detachment was(41. 19 ± 8. 68) s. Ten aneurysms were totally embolized, the other 5 were subtotally occluded. Three DAVFs were totally embolized, the other one was subtotally occluded. One CCF was totally embolized. Seven cases of follow-up by DSA showed that there was no recurrence. Conclusions The efficiency and safety of JASPER electrolytically detachable coils are confirmed. The extensive use of JASPER electrolytically detachable coils could decrease the expense of patients for endovascular treatment.     

CT血管造影在脑动脉瘤手术和栓塞中的价值

目的评估CT血管造影(CTA)在脑动脉瘤(AN)手术和栓塞中的临床价值.方法回顾211例行CTA检查并进行了手术或栓塞治疗的AN,196例患者同期接受了数字减影血管造影(DSA)检查.所有患者根据CTA的结果确定治疗方案和指导手术或栓塞的进行.结果 7例CTA出现技术性失误,其余CTA影像均被手术或栓塞所证实.CTA发现了DSA漏诊的2例小型AN.CTA提供的AN的部位、瘤体、瘤颈、瘤体/瘤颈比等参数,有利于早期确定治疗方案.66例行夹闭术,依据CTA所模拟的手术入路影像均可顺利找到AN,CTA能有效地提供AN与载瘤动脉、周围分支及颅底骨结构之间的三维关系信息.145例行栓塞治疗,CTA的结果均被DSA所证实,对前交通、基底动脉顶端AN,CTA均准确指导导引导管进入的方向,能清晰显示瘤颈的投射角度和瘤体瘤颈比,辅助确定工作角度和是否需要支架植入.结论 CTA有助于AN治疗方案地迅速确定,为早期治疗提供确切依据和指导信息,对AN手术或栓塞具有重要的价值.     

Endovascular treatment of ruptured intracranial aneurysms

The Guglielmi detachable coil (GDC) is an important tool for the treatment of ruptured intracranial aneuryms by an endovascular approach. This new device may be introduced under fluoroscopy into the aneurysmal sac through a microcatheter. When the coil is judged well positioned, it can be detached with accuracy by electrolytic breakdown. The procedure is completed when a dense coil packing is obtained. When vasospasm is present, papaverin infusion or angioplasty may be used by the endovascular approach as well. Best results are achieved in cases of small aneurysm with small neck. The morbidity and mortality rates in the first 200 patients treated by GDC for a ruptured intracranial aneurysm were 4% and 1.5%, respectively. Complications are generally related to rupture of the malformation by the endovascular device or to thromboembolic events. Despite these promising results, further studies using larger numbers of patients are required to determine the exact role of these procedures in patient care. Received: 22 July 1998 Accepted: 23 July 1998     

小型颅内动脉瘤的临床特点及血管内栓塞治疗

目的总结小型颅内动脉瘤的临床特点以及血管内栓塞的技术要点与疗效。方法对45例小型颅内动脉瘤患者采用电解可脱性弹簧圈(GDC)或Trufill DCS Orbit微型三维填塞型水解铂金弹簧圈进行动脉瘤囊内栓塞。结果45个动脉瘤中41个瘤腔100%闭塞,3个95%闭塞,1个90%闭塞。术后44例临床痊愈,其治疗结果根据Glasgow预后评分:Ⅰ级29例,Ⅱ级11例,Ⅲ级3例,Ⅳ级1例,Ⅴ级1例;全组死亡率2.2%。栓塞术中并发脑血管痉挛6例。术后随访3-69个月均无再出血及复发。结论对小型颅内动脉瘤采用GDC或Truffill DCS Orbit微型三维填塞型水解铂金弹簧圈进行血管内囊内栓塞疗效可靠;根据小型颅内动脉瘤的临床特点进行栓塞是提高治愈率、降低并发症及死亡率的重要方法。     

Application of multislice computed tomographic angiography in diagnosis and treatment of intracranial aneurysms

Objectives

The aim of the study is to assess the clinical value of 16-row multislice computed tomographic angiography (CTA) for detection and treatment of intracranial aneurysms.

Patients and methods

Between January 2005 and October 2008, 388 patients were included and successively underwent 16-slice CTA for suspected intracranial aneurysms. Three neuroradiologists independently reviewed CTA and DSA images. The combined interpretations of digital subtraction angiography (DSA) and surgical findings were considered as the ultimate reference standard against which the diagnostic accuracy of CTA and DSA were compared.

Results

The reference standard revealed 287 aneurysms in 256 patients. There was no statistically significant difference in accuracy between 16-slice CTA and conventional DSA. The sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of 16-slice CTA in detecting all aneurysms were 98.3, 97.0, and 97.9%, respectively, on a per-aneurysm basis. The sensitivity of 16-slice CTA was 90.0% for reader 1 and 93.3% for reader 2 for less than 3 mm aneurysms. One hundred eighty-nine aneurysms were deemed amenable to endovascular therapy on the basis of CTA images, 98% of whom (185) were successfully treated with this method. Forty-eight aneurysms were considered candidates for surgical treatment, and all aneurysms were deemed completely occluded during surgical clipping. Sixteen-slice CTA images provided important preoperative information, which could assist the endovascular and surgical therapy of aneurysms.

Conclusions

Sixteen-slice CTA is a highly accurate imaging examination of the first line imaging technique for the detection of intracranial aneurysms, and it can provide sufficient diagnostic information in guiding the surgical and endovascular therapy of aneurysms.     

血管内支架结合电解可脱弹簧圈治疗颅内宽颈动脉瘤

目的：总结使用血管内支架结合电解可脱弹簧圈（GDC）治疗颅内宽颈动脉瘤的体会，探讨其适应证、方法、疗效及并发症。方法：18例颅内宽颈动脉瘤，首先将冠脉支架跨动脉瘤颈放置，通过支架上的网孔将微导管送入动脉瘤腔，应用GDC栓塞动脉瘤。结果：15例动脉瘤达到致密堵塞，3例大部堵塞，载瘤动脉通畅。无手术 并发症，患均恢复良好。结论：联合使用支架及微弹簧圈是治疗颅内宽颈动脉瘤的有效方法，远期疗效尚需进一步随访。     

多层螺旋CT血管造影在颅内动脉瘤中的应用

目的评估多层螺旋CT血管造影(MSCTA)在颅内动脉瘤诊断和治疗方面的应用价值。方法对32例动脉瘤性蛛网膜下腔出血患者分别行MSCTA及数字减影血管造影(DSA)检查,其中男性15例,女性17例;年龄46~74岁,平均58.4岁。MSCTA图像后处理包括采用表面遮盖显示(SSD)、最大密度投影(MIP)、容积显示(VR)及曲面重建(CPR)等方法进行血管显示。结果32例蛛网膜下腔出血患者共发现38个动脉瘤,其中MSCTA发现34个,DSA发现35个,准确率分别是89.5%和92.1%。两者相比,统计学上无显著性差异(配对χ2检验,P>0.05)。结论与DSA相比,MSCTA不仅可以准确地诊断颅内动脉瘤,并能精确地显示颅内动脉瘤的大小、形态、方向,以及与邻近血管和骨质的空间解剖关系,可弥补DSA检查的不足,对指导手术有重要的临床意义。     

Midterm prevention of rebleeding by Guglielmi detachable coils in ruptured intracranial aneurysms less than 10 mm

The midterm effects of coil embolization for ruptured aneurysm remain unknown. We investigated the prevention of rebleeding by GDC in ruptured aneurysms. Between March 1998 and April 2003, we treated 38 ruptured aneurysms measuring less than 10 mm in diameter. The patients were followed for a median of 37.3 months. During the follow-up term, aneurysms treated by coil embolization did not develop rebleeding after 1 month. We conclude that an embolized aneurysm measuring 10 mm or less remains quite stable over 3 years.