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1.
ObjectiveFew studies on the free fatty acid (FFA) content of milk from non-Caucasian mothers have been published. We compared the FFA concentrations in human milk (HM) from Taiwanese mothers of preterm (PTHM) and full-term infants (FTHM) and in infant formula (IF).Materials and methodsThirty-eight HM samples were collected from 23 healthy lactating mothers and 15 mothers who gave birth prematurely (range 29–35 weeks, mean 33 weeks). The regular formula and preterm infant formula (PTIF) for three brands of powdered IF were also evaluated. Milk samples were extracted and methylated for analysis by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS).ResultsReference values for individual FFAs in breast milk from Taiwanese mothers were determined. The mean total FFAs were significantly higher in IF (21,554 μmol/L) and PTIF (19,836 μmol/L) than in FTHM (8,540 μmol/L) and PTHM (9,259 μmol/L) (p < 0.05). Saturated FAs were predominant in all types of milk (43.1% for FTHM, 42.8% for PTHM, 45.5% for IF and 45.3% for PTIF). Monounsaturated FAs were significantly higher in IF and PTIF (42.6% and 43.9%) than in FTHM and PTHM (37.7% and 39.5%), and polyunsaturated FAs in FTHM and PTHM (20% and 18.2%) were higher than in IF and PTIF (11.9% and 10.9%). HM had a more desirable linoleic acid/α-linolenic acid ratio than IF. No significant differences in individual FFAs in FTHM were observed among three lactating periods.ConclusionFFA levels in HM from Taiwanese mothers are in agreement with results for different geographically distinct populations. Nevertheless, the FFA content in IF did not meet well with HM, particularly, the excess additives of saturated and monounsaturated FAs, and the shortage of polyunsaturated FAs. The effect of variations in FFA content in IF on future unfavorable outcomes such as obesity, atopic syndrome, and less optimal infant neurodevelopment should be further investigated.  相似文献   

2.
孕妇血清、乳汁及新生儿脐血中输血传播病毒感染的研究   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
目的 了解输血传播病毒(TTV)在孕妇血清、乳汁及新生儿脐血中的感染状况,探讨TTV的传播途径。方法 用半巢式聚合酶链反应方法对150例孕妇血清、乳汁及新生儿脐血标本,进行TTV DNA扩增,对8例PCR阳性扩增产物再进行直接测序。结果 (1)150例孕妇血清TTV DNA的阳性率为11.3%(17/150),17例孕妇血清TTV DNA阳性者中,乳汁阳性11例,其新生儿脐血均为阴性。(2)检测3例孕妇血清TTV DNA序列及乳汁TTV DNA序列,其核苷酸同源性为97.6%-99.2%;5例孕妇血清TTV DNA序列之间同源性为71.5%-92.8%,与日本原型株NSS的核苷酸及氨基酸序列同源性为71.5%-92.8%。结论 孕妇血清及乳汁中存在TTV感染,经乳汁传播可能是该病毒感染的主要方式之一。  相似文献   

3.
Objetive: The study sought to determine the prevalence of postnatal growth restriction (PNGR) and the predictors of nutritional outcome in very low birth weight (VLBW) infants. Methods: Cross-sectional study conducted in a maternity school between July 2005 and August 2006. One-hundred and twelve VLBW infants were assessed during hospitalization, fed unfortified human milk and assisted by Kangaroo Mother Care. The dependent variables included the number of days required to reach minimum weight and regain birth weight, the percentage of weight loss, and the deterioration of nutritional status. These parameters were converted into a factor termed “nutritional outcome” using factor analysis. Multiple linear regressions were used to identify predictors of nutritional outcome. Results: PNGR was observed in 89.3% of the infants at hospital discharge. The predictors of nutritional outcome were: appropriate-for-gestational-age infants, children of mothers aged ≤20 years old, need for mechanical ventilation, longer stays in the neonatal intensive care unit, and a greater number of days to achieve full enteral nutrition. Conclusion: It is important to know the factors that negatively influence the nutritional outcome of VLBW infants, as these can be modified through the improvement of perinatal care and can reduce PNGR.  相似文献   

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