小儿健脾膏促胃肠动力作用研究

目的 观察小儿健脾膏对离体豚鼠回肠和大鼠胃肌收缩、在体大鼠胃肌收缩及整体小鼠胃排空与肠推进的影响。方法 离体和在体实验中,运用生物机能实验系统检测小儿健脾膏对回肠和胃肌收缩张力的影响;整体实验中,运用称重法和标记法测定小鼠胃排空率与肠推进比率。结果 离体实验中,不同剂量的小儿健脾膏均可增大豚鼠回肠和大鼠胃肌的平均收缩幅度;在体实验中,中、高剂量小儿健脾膏可显著增加大鼠胃肌的平均收缩幅度,且高剂量对大鼠胃肌的收缩与新斯的明具有协同作用;整体实验中,不同剂量的小儿健脾膏均能显著加速阿托品所致胃肠动力障碍模型小鼠的胃排空与肠推进。结论 小儿健脾膏具有促进胃肠动力的药理作用。     

番泻叶浸剂对动物小肠运动和尿量的影响

目的:观察番泻叶浸剂对小鼠小肠运动和尿量的影响。方法:应用小肠推进试验法观察炭末在小肠的推进速度;用离体动物回肠实验,观察本品对离体回肠收缩幅度和频率的影响;用简式粪便尿分离代谢笼法观察本品对小鼠尿量的影响。结果:番泻叶浸剂对小鼠小肠炭末有明显推进作用(P<0.05);对大鼠和家兔离体肠肌收缩幅度有明显增强作用(P<0.05);灌服25％番泻叶浸剂后0.5,1h和灌服番泻叶浸剂原液后0.5,1.2h,尿量均有明显增加。结论:番泻叶浸剂能通过增加小肠蠕动和抑制水分吸收而发挥泻下作用,也可能具有利尿作用。     

益智仁醇提取物对动物胃肠运动的影响

目的:研究益智仁醇提取物对动物胃肠运动的影响。方法:采用小鼠在体胃肠运动实验和家兔离体肠肌运动实验,观察益智仁醇提取物对正常小鼠胃排空、小肠推进运动和家兔离体肠肌收缩的影响。结果:益智仁醇提取物在5、10、20g·kg-1剂量下给药对正常小鼠胃排空有显著抑制作用,对家兔离体肠肌收缩有显著抑制作用,对氯化乙酰胆碱引起的肠肌兴奋有显著拮抗作用。结论:益智仁醇提取物对动物胃肠运动有抑制作用,其作用途径可能与M胆碱受体有关。     

藿香正气滴丸对正常及乙酰胆碱刺激下动物胃肠道功能的影响

目的:观察藿香正气滴丸对正常及乙酰胆碱刺激下动物胃肠功能的影响。方法:观察藿香正气滴丸对正常小鼠胃排空和肠推进运动、乙酰胆碱所致大鼠离体胃底条平滑肌收缩、家兔离体肠平滑肌收缩作用以及家兔在体肠平滑肌收缩作用的影响。结果:藿香正气滴丸对正常状态胃肠运动无明显影响;可不同程度抑制乙酰胆碱引起的家兔在体回肠平滑肌收缩幅度以及乙酰胆碱所致大鼠离体胃底平滑肌以及家兔离体十二指肠平滑肌的收缩。结论:藿香正气滴丸对不同状态的胃肠道具有不同影响,对过度兴奋的胃肠道平滑肌收缩具有抑制作用,而对正常状态的胃肠道无明显影响。     

肠泻停胶囊止泻作用研究

目的 观察肠泻停胶囊的止泻作用。方法 采用新斯的明负荷肠推进亢进以及番泻叶、蓖麻油诱导的腹泻模型，通过测定肠推进百分率、腹泻潜伏期以及腹泻次数等指标来评价肠泻停胶囊的止泻作用，通过离体豚鼠回肠试验，观察其可能的作用机制。结果 肠泻停胶囊明显降低正常小鼠以及新斯的明负荷小鼠的小肠推进百分率；对口服番泻叶浸荆或蓖麻油所致的腹泻模型小鼠均有明显的保护作用；对豚鼠离体回肠的收缩幅度和张力有明显的抑制作用。结论 肠泻停胶囊具有明显的止泻作用。     

肠泻停胶囊止泻作用研究

目的观察肠泻停胶囊的止泻作用。方法采用新斯的明负荷肠推进亢进以及番泻叶、蓖麻油诱导的腹泻模型,通过测定肠推进百分率、腹泻潜伏期以及腹泻次数等指标来评价肠泻停胶囊的止泻作用,通过离体豚鼠回肠试验,观察其可能的作用机制。结果肠泻停胶囊明显降低正常小鼠以及新斯的明负荷小鼠的小肠推进百分率;对口服番泻叶浸剂或蓖麻油所致的腹泻模型小鼠均有明显的保护作用;对豚鼠离体回肠的收缩幅度和张力有明显的抑制作用。结论肠泻停胶囊具有明显的止泻作用。     

玄归滴丸对胃肠运动的抑制作用研究

目的探究玄归滴丸对不同机能状态小鼠胃肠运动和家兔离体肠管运动的影响,为其治疗平滑肌痉挛引起的腹痛提供实验基础。方法选择小鼠肠推进实验方法,利用新斯的明、阿托品等药物复制小鼠胃肠运动功能障碍模型,测定各组小鼠的胃残留率和小肠推进率;采用家兔离体肠管平滑肌实验,考察并记录给予不同受试药物后家兔离体肠管的肌张力变化。结果玄归滴丸临床等效4倍剂量、8倍剂量使正常小鼠胃残留率升高(P <0.05,P <0.01),小肠推进率降低(P <0.05);与正常对照组比较,新斯的明致小鼠胃肠运动亢进,给予玄归滴丸4倍剂量、8倍剂量组后能够明显地抑制胃肠运动,增加胃残留率(P <0.05,P <0.01),降低小肠推进率(P <0.01);与正常对照组比较,阿托品可致胃肠运动抑制,给予玄归滴丸4倍剂量、8倍剂量组后可以进一步抑制胃肠运动,进一步增加胃残留率(P<0.05,P <0.01),降低小肠推进率(P <0.05,P <0.01);家兔离体肠管平滑肌实验结果也进一步表明,玄归滴丸使家兔离体肠管的肌张力降低。结论玄归滴丸对胃肠运动具有一定的抑制作用,对痉挛性胃肠道疾病具有潜在的治疗效果。     

金佛手醇提液对小肠平滑肌的影响

目的：观察金佛手醇提液对家兔离体十二指肠、回肠运动的影响及对小鼠小肠推进功能的影响。方法：采用离体器官法、小鼠小肠推进运动实验法。结果：金佛手醇提液能明显增强家兔离体回肠平滑肌的收缩，其作用能被阿托品拮抗；能明显抑制家兔离体十二指肠平滑肌的收缩，对乙酰胆碱引起的家兔离体十二指肠痉挛有显的解痉作用；对小鼠小肠运动有明显推动作用。结论：金佛手醇提液对家兔离体小肠不同部位有不同作用；能促进小鼠小肠推进。     

保儿安冲剂的药效学试验

保儿安冲剂可明显地增加大鼠胃液分泌量及其中总酸、游离酸和胃蛋白酶的含量 ;促进小鼠肠推进运动 ;能明显地对抗乙酰胆硷、氯化钡、组胺引起的离体肠肌收缩 ;对抗大黄的泻下作用     

骆驼蓬对肠平滑肌的影响

本实验观察了骆驼蓬乙醇浸膏对动物在体、离体肠平滑肌自发性、药物性活动的影响。结果表明,骆驼蓬乙醇浸膏具有明显增强小鼠小肠推进性蠕动作用。对兔离体正常肠平滑肌依给药剂量不同表现小剂量收缩、大剂量舒张的双向调节作用。亦显示出具有能对抗酚妥拉明、氯化钡、毒扁豆碱、乙酰胆碱所引起的离体肠平滑肌收缩反应的作用。     

地锦草醇提物对兔离体小肠平滑肌作用及机制研究

目的:研究地锦草醇提物对家兔离体小肠平滑肌的作用及机制。方法:将离体家兔小肠平滑肌置于恒温平滑肌槽中,通过BL-420S生物机能实验系统,观察记录地锦草醇提物对正常小肠平滑肌自主收缩活动的影响,应用受体阻断剂硫酸阿托品、苯海拉明、酚妥拉明研究地锦草醇提物对小肠平滑肌作用的机制。结果:地锦草醇提物能显著抑制家兔小肠平滑肌自发性收缩的振幅(P<0.05或P<0.01),但对其收缩频率的影响不大。用阿托品、苯海拉明、酚妥拉明分别阻断胆碱能M受体、组胺H₁受体及肾上腺素能α受体后,地锦草醇提物仍能显著降低离体小肠平滑肌的收缩振幅(P<0.01)。结论:地锦草醇提物对家兔离体小肠平滑肌的收缩振幅具明显的抑制作用,其机制可能与兴奋肾上腺素能α受体,阻断胆碱能M受体、组胺H₁受体有关。     

连钱草乙醇提取物对豚鼠离体肠平滑肌和小鼠肠运动功能的影响

目的:观察连钱草乙醇提取物对小鼠小肠推进运动、药物性腹泻小鼠模型和豚鼠离体回肠平滑肌收缩的影响,探讨其作用机理.方法:采用在体方法观察连钱草乙醇提取物对小鼠小肠推进功能的影响,采用离体方法观察连钱草乙醇提取物对豚鼠回肠平滑肌运动功能的影响.结果:连钱草乙醇提取物能够显著抑制小鼠小肠炭末推进率(P＜0.01),缓解大黄所致小鼠腹泻 (P＜0.01),对抗新斯的明所致的肠蠕动亢进 (P＜0.01).抑制豚鼠离体回肠平滑肌收缩(P＜0.01),拮抗乙酰胆碱、组胺、氯化钡对离体豚鼠回肠平滑肌的激动作用(P＜0.01).结论:连钱草乙醇提取物具有抑制肠蠕动作用,这种作用可能由胃肠道的胆碱能受体和组胺受体介导,或直接作用于回肠平滑肌细胞.     

Effects of 5-hydroxytryptamine on isolated strips of the guinea-pig stomach

1. The effects of 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) on isolated strips of the longitudinal and circular muscles of the guinea-pig stomach were investigated.2. 5-HT (0.1-1 mug/ml) increased the resting tension of the longitudinal muscle while it decreased that of the circular muscle. These effects were blocked by lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD), but were not affected by tetrodotoxin, hyoscine or morphine.3. Electrical stimulation caused contraction in the longitudinal muscle, and contraction followed by relaxation in the circular muscle. In both the longitudinal and circular muscles, the evoked contractions were potentiated by 5-HT. This effect was blocked by tetrodotoxin, hyoscine and morphine, but was not affected by LSD.4. It is concluded that, in the stomach as well as the intestine of the guinea-pig, there are two kinds of 5-HT receptors: the morphine-sensitive M receptor is situated on the intramural nerves and the D-receptor on the smooth muscle cells.     

通降胃灵对小鼠消化道功能的影响

目的：探讨通降胃灵治疗功能性消化不良的药理学基础。方法：采用胃排空，肠推进运动及离体平滑肌实验法测定消化道运动功能；用琼脂稀释法测定体外抗菌活性。结果：通降胃灵促进正常小鼠胃排空，拮抗多巴胺引起的胃排空抑制，增强小鼠小肠推进运动，兴奋大鼠离体胃底条，并能抑制幽门螺杆菌生长。结论：通降胃灵具有增强胃肠运动功能，改善胃动力和抗菌作用。     

Cathartic activity of spasmogens in mice, rats and guinea pigs (author's transl)

To examine the effect of spasmogens on propulsive motility in the intestine, cathartic activity of drugs was investigated. Mice, rats and guinea pigs were individually observed in cages with 20 separate small rooms in which a sheet of filter paper covered the botton of case for observation of feces. The effect was evaluated 1 hr after drug administration. Cathartic activity of spasmogens was the most marked in mice followed by rats, but was rarely observed in guinea pigs. Cholinergic drugs and cholinesterase inhibitors had a cathartic effect in mice and rats, but the activity differed. Drugs such as acetylcholine and physostigmine produced a low cathartic activity even at sublethal and lethal doses. Other drugs as bethanechol, pilocarpine and neostigmine had a dose dependent cathartic effect at doses below lethal ones and were found to be clinically useful for intestinal relaxation after laparotomy. Among autacoids which contract the intestine by direct action on smooth muscles, histamine and bradykinin had no cathartic effect in mice and rats. 5-HT and prostaglandin E2 were dose dependent with a marked cathartic effect in both species. 5-HTP produced the same cathartic activity as that seen with 5-HT in mice, but had no cathartic effect in rats. The cathartic effect of BaCl2 was low, but dose dependent in both species. We recommend this method for the study of the effect of various compounds on the propulsive motility of the intestine.     

太子参保健酒对小鼠离体肠平滑肌的研究

目的：观察太子参保健酒对小鼠离体肠平滑肌收缩活动的影响,并探讨其可能的作用机制。方法通过小鼠离体肠段实验,观察不同浓度的太子参保健酒对小鼠正常离体肠收缩活动的影响和对乙酰胆碱（ Ach）引起离体肠兴奋以及阿托品（ Atr）致肠管抑制等方面来考察太子参保健酒对小鼠离体小肠平滑肌的影响。结果与空白组比较,太子参保健酒增加正常小鼠小肠的张力、频率、活力;协同性作用于Ach 致小鼠离体小肠平滑肌;拮抗Atr 致小鼠离体小肠平滑肌抑制作用。结论提示太子参保健酒对肠管有一定的兴奋作用。     

Pharmacological studies of cinobufagin, in comparison with digitoxin

General pharmacological properties of cinobufagin (CB), isolated from Senso, were compared with those of digitoxin (DT). Decrement of spontaneous movement, inhibition of writhing, prolongation of hexobarbital-induced hypnosis, muscle relaxation, inhibition of acetic acid-induced capillary permeability, hypothermia, antipyretic effect in mice; excitation of respiration in rabbits; nerve blocking action in the isolated sciatic nerve of frogs; cardiotonic effect in the isolated atria of guinea pigs; contraction of the isolated ileum of rabbits and guinea pigs; contraction of the aorta of guinea pigs; and relaxation of the isolated trachea of guinea pigs were common properties observed after separate application of CB and DT. Membrane stabilizing effect in erythrocytes of rats and inhibition of propulsive motility of the small intestine in mice were observed only after the application of CB. Inhibition of gastric juice secretion, antiinflammation on carrageenin- or dextran-induced edema, diuresis in rats, mydriasis in mice and potentiation of transmission in the neuromuscular junction of rats were observed only after the application of DT. After oral administration, the onset of the effects of CB (30 min) was faster than that of DT (3-4 hr), and the duration of the effects of CB (1-2 hr) was shorter than that of DT (greater than 24 hr).     

木香超临界水提液对豚鼠离体肠和小鼠肠推动的作用研究

目的观察木香超临界后水提液对小鼠小肠推进运动和豚鼠离体回肠平滑肌收缩的影响。方法以正常、新斯的明负荷和肾上腺素负荷为研究模型,采用碳末推动法和离体肠实验方法。结果木香Ⅰ组、木香Ⅱ组和木香Ⅲ组碳末推进率均高于正常对照组,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05和P〈0.01）。肾上腺素组碳末推进率明显低于正常对照组,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.01）;木香Ⅰ组、木香Ⅱ组和木香Ⅲ组碳末推进率明显高于肾上腺素组,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.01）。新斯的明组碳末推进率明显高于正常对照组,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.01）;木香Ⅰ组、木香Ⅱ组和木香Ⅲ组碳末推进率均低于新斯的明组,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05和P〈0.01）。给药后豚鼠自发收缩活动频率和振幅均高于给药前,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05和P〈0·01）,且振幅随着木香超临界水提液剂量的增加而增大。结论木香超临界水提液有促进小鼠小肠运动的作用,对肾上腺素所致小鼠小肠推进抑制有显著的促进作用,对新斯的明所致的小鼠小肠推进亢进有拮抗作用,对豚鼠离体回肠自发活动有兴奋作用。     

Comparative studies with 5-hydroxytryptamine and its derivatives in isolated, blood-perfused small intestine and ileum strip of the rat

The mode of actions of 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) and its derivatives, tryptophan (TP), 5-hydroxytryptophan (5-HTP) and 5-hydroxyindole acetic acid (5-HIAA) was studied on the isolated, blood-perfused small intestine and isolated ileum strip of rats. In the isolated, blood-perfused intestinal preparations, 5-HT and 5-HTP injected into the superior mesenteric artery caused a monophasic fast contraction, while TP and 5-HIAA had no effects on the intestine. The contractile responses to 5-HT and 5-HTP were abolished by tetrodotoxin (TTX), hexamethonium (C6) and morphine, but were resistant to blockade of either atropine, methysergide or phentolamine. On the other hand, in the ileum strip preparations, 5-HT contracted the ileum, but its derivatives had no effects on the ileum. TTX, C6, morphine and atropine failed to prevent the contractile response to 5-HT, whereas methysergide effectively antagonized the response. The present results indicate that 5-HT acts by exciting intramural neuronal elements or by directly contracting the smooth muscle of the intestine. 5-HTP seems to act in the same manner as 5-HT.