外伤性脾破裂42例诊治体会

目的总结外伤性脾破裂的诊疗经验。方法对45例外伤性脾破裂的临床资料进行回顾性分析。结果本组无死亡病例。保守治疗2例,手术治疗40例。术后发生并发症4例,其中继发出血1例,为膈面渗血,再次行手术缝扎止血治愈。3例胰尾部胰漏,经腹腔引流、应用广谱抗生素、营养支持治疗,3~4周后胰漏闭合。结论早期诊断是抢救闭合性脾破裂的首要环节,要重视复合伤的诊断和抢救顺序,优先治疗危及生命的损伤。严重脾破裂一旦确诊,应积极手术治疗。     

中西医结合保脾治疗外伤性脾破裂76例临床体会

目的:探讨中西医结合保脾治疗在外伤性脾破裂的可行性及安全性.方法:将76例外伤性脾破裂患者根据损伤程度分级,7例Ⅰ级患者采用常规支持及止血药物加中药的中西医结合非手术治疗;64例II、III级患者采用脾缝合修补术、脾部分切除术、脾动脉结扎术等保脾手术治疗.结果:非手术治疗组均恢复良好.69例保脾手术中,64例(92.8%)恢复良好,术后1周痊愈出院;有2例发生内出血,再次剖腹探查证实为膈面渗血,经缝扎止血治愈;有3例发生腹腔感染,经过B超引导下穿刺引流、使用广谱抗生素后,最终治愈.并发症发生率为7.2%,无死亡病例.结论:脾破裂治疗中对于Ⅰ级患者采用中西医结合非手术治疗有较好的治疗效果.对II、III级患者遵循抢救生命第一、保留脾组织第二的原则,根据探查术中情况采用恰当的保脾手术是安全可靠的.     

外伤性脾破裂手术围术期的护理体会

目的探讨外伤性脾破裂手术围术期的护理方法,为提高护理质量提供参考。方法选取2015-01—2017-01间在安钢职工总医院接受手术治疗的38例外伤性脾破裂患者。对其临床护理资料进行回顾性分析。结果本组38例中,3例合并血气胸患者经胸腔闭式引流后痊愈。2例股骨骨折的患者经Ⅱ期手术治愈。未出现坠积性肺炎、腹腔内继发出血等并发症和死亡病例。术后恢复良好,均康复出院。结论做好外伤性脾破裂手术患者围术期护理,是提高外伤性脾破裂手术和康复效果的重要保证。     

腹腔镜二级脾蒂离断法脾切除术治疗外伤性脾破裂体会

目的 探讨腹腔镜二级脾蒂离断法在外伤性脾破裂脾切除术中的应用价值。方法 回顾性分析自2010年10月至2012年10月我院38例应用腹腔镜二级脾蒂离断法治疗外伤性脾破裂脾切除术患者的临床资料。结果 本组38例经腹腔镜手术治疗的患者均获治愈,其中5例因术中出血量较大改为手助式腹腔镜切除,2例应用切割闭合器切除,无中转开腹。术后均无继发感染、再出血、胰漏等并发症。手术用时平均70 min,术后24～48 h拔引流管,平均住院7.5 d。结论 对于外伤性脾破裂患者选择性施行腹腔镜下二级脾蒂离断法脾切除术安全有效,值得推广。     

外伤性脾破裂48例临床分析

目的总结外伤性脾破裂的诊治体会。方法根据48例外伤性脾脏破裂患者的全身情况及脾脏破裂分级,采取相应的手术方法。对治疗方式及适应证进行回顾性分析。结果本组行生物胶粘合术6例,单纯缝合修补5例,脾动脉结扎及脾部分切除术3例,脾脏切除术34例。2例术后发生胰瘘,经引流和冲洗,2周左右胰瘘闭合。切口感染2例,经更换敷料后愈合。余44例未发生继发出血、发热及腹腔感染等并发症。48例患者顺利痊愈出院。结论以"抢救生命第一、保脾第二"为原则,根据患者的全身情况及脾破裂的分级,选择适当的手术方式,以提高外伤性脾破裂的治疗效果。     

脾手术医源性并发症10例教训分析

我院外科在1985～1990年共施行脾脏手术122例,发生医源性并发症10例,发生率达8.2％。为引起临床医师尤其是基层医务人员对脾脏手术的重视,提高脾手术的成功率和安全性,本文结合典型病例,对有关牌手术医源性并发症进行分析讨论如下。 病例介绍 例1:男,38岁。因门脉高压症行脾切除加贲门周围血管离断术,术中损伤胰尾致胰漏。手术后第2日自左膈下引流管每日引流乳白色混浊液体约300～500ml,淀粉酶值2200单位。经外引流处理,术后死亡。 例2:男,6岁。因外伤性脾破裂行脾大部分切除术,术中胃大弯损伤穿孔。患者于术后第4天进食时突     

109例脾破裂的临床分析

目的探讨脾破裂的临床治疗方法。方法对109例破裂患者,行非手术治疗29例,手术治疗80例。结果非手术治疗29例,痊愈。手术治疗80例,其中2例多发伤患者术后因多脏器功能衰竭死亡;2例术后脾静脉血栓形成,经应用肝素后痊愈;膈下感染3例,经引流、抗感染、对症治疗后痊愈。结论对脾破裂患者坚持"抢救生命第一,保脾第二"的原则,依据患者个体情况及脾破裂的类型,选择适合的治疗方法 ,使病人尽可能恢复或接近生理状态。     

22例外伤性脾破裂的临床治疗

目的分析外伤性脾破裂的治疗方法。方法 2014-01—2015-03间共收治22例外伤性脾破裂患者,对其临床资料进行回顾性分析。结果本组15例行急诊剖腹探查术,行脾脏修补术5例,脾部分切除术4例,全脾切除4例,全脾切除加自体脾组织移植术2例。全脾切除术患者中术后出现1例膈下感染,经对症处理后痊愈。7例实施保守治疗,其中1例中转开腹实施全脾切除术。22例患者均获痊愈,出院后随访6个月,无严重并发症及死亡病例。结论外伤性脾破裂治疗应遵循"抢救生命第一,保留脾脏第二"的原则,及时全面评估脾损伤伤情并选择适当治疗方式,可提高救治成功率。     

膀胱引流式同期胰肾联合移植术后胰漏的处理

目的 总结膀胱引流式同期胰肾联合移植(simultaneous pancreas and kidney transplantation, SPK)术后胰漏的治疗经验。方法 SPK术后胰漏病人3例,结合文献对SPK术后胰漏的临床诊疗进行探讨。结果 3例SPK受者的移植胰腺外分泌均为膀胱引流,其中2例早期胰漏,1例远期胰漏。对3例病人予以抗生素治疗、抑制胰腺外分泌、膀胱减压、维持水电解质酸碱平衡、营养支持等治疗,根据具体情况行通畅引流或瘘口修补。所有病人胰漏均痊愈,无移植物丢失或病人死亡。结论 膀胱引流式SPK术后胰漏,可行抑制胰液外分泌、膀胱减压、通畅引流等治疗;胰漏长期不愈者,瘘口修补可作为一种有效治疗方法。     

肝移植术中腹腔引流管的临床应用

目的探讨肝移植术中腹腔引流管放置的临床意义。方法回顾性分析我院肝移植中心自2006年5月至2008年3月间成功实施的65例肝移植患者的临床资料。术中均常规于左、右肝上和肝下放置多侧孔乳胶引流管各1根,术后通过引流管观察其腹腔出血、漏胆、积液、感染等情况。结果术后3d内发生大出血9例（13.8%）,均行再次手术止血;术后7d内发生漏胆3例（4.6%）,引流4周～2个月治愈2例,穿刺引流治愈1例;发生膈下积液5例（7.7%）,3例未行治疗而自愈,2例经局部冲洗及引流后治愈;下腹部盆腔严重积液1例（1.5%）,经B超引导下穿刺引流治愈。结论腹腔引流管的放置技术对肝移植术后出血、漏胆、膈下积液和腹腔感染的早期发现和治疗均具有重要的临床价值。     

脾创伤保脾手术术式的选择（附158例分析体会）

目的　探讨脾创伤保脾术的术式选择。方法　对脾创伤采用术中保脾的 15 8例手术方式进行分析 ,其中氩气刀止血 5例 ,ZT生物胶止血 3例 ,单纯脾修补术 2 6例 ,脾部分切除术 77例 ,修补加脾部分切除术 12例 ,脾切除自体脾组织片网膜囊内移植术 35例。结果　全组病例治愈出院。脾切除自体脾组织片网膜囊内移植术组 35例中 ,2例出现粘连性肠梗阻 ,11例出现各类术后感染 ,而其它术中保脾组 12 3例中 ,10例出现术后感染 ,两组总感染数比较 ,P <0 .0 1。结论　脾创伤术中保脾术的术式选择 ,应根据病人个体情况及脾破裂的类型而定 ,必要时采用联合多种术式保脾。对伴有空腔脏器破裂者也可选择性保脾。但应慎重选择脾切除自体脾组织片网膜囊内移植术。     

自发性脾破裂18例报告

目的总结自发性脾破裂的诊治经验。方法对1987年7月～2004年12月收治的18例自发性脾破裂患者的临床资料进行回顾性分析。结果全组18例中,充血性脾肿大4例(3例肝炎后肝硬化,1例血吸虫性肝硬化),原发性脾恶性淋巴瘤2例,结肠癌及胰尾癌浸润脾脏各1例,慢性粒细胞性白血病1例,脾海绵状血管瘤1例,脾脏囊肿2例,不明原因脾肿大4例,正常脾脏2例。急诊脾切除术14例,其中联合胰尾癌切除1例,联合结肠癌切除、结肠造瘘术1例。非手术治疗4例,其中1例因发热持续不退,1例因脾周血肿增大、疼痛加重而中转脾切除术;脾包膜下出血2例经非手术治愈。本组治愈16例,死亡2例。结论病理性脾脏是自发性脾破裂的主要原因。脾切除术是治疗自发性脾破裂的主要手段。     

外伤性脾破裂治疗分析

目的总结外伤性脾破裂的治疗经验。方法对65例外伤性脾破裂患者的临床资料进行回顾性分析。结果 44例患者进行保守治疗,除1例自动放弃治疗出院外,保守治疗成功率为93.18%（2例中转手术）;17例行全脾切除术治疗,术后均无并发症发生,患者均获得成功;4例行介入栓塞治疗,1例出院发生出血再次住院保守治疗成功。结论脾外伤的治疗应根据患者的个体性和脾损伤程度决定,采用多种方式保脾。     

Splenic rupture after colonoscopy.

Colonoscopy is a familiar and well-tolerated procedure and is widely used as a diagnostic and therapeutic modality by both gastroenterologists and surgeons. Although perforation and hemorrhage are the most common complications, splenic injury or rupture is a rare but potentially lethal complication. We report a case of splenic rupture diagnosed 18 hours after colonoscopy, which required emergent splenectomy. We also reviewed over 39 other cases of splenic rupture or injury after colonoscopy reported in the English literature. Despite being an infrequent complication, splenic rupture warrants a high degree of clinical suspicion critical to prompt diagnosis. Most patients present with symptoms within 24 hours after colonoscopy, although delayed presentation days later has been described. CT scan of the abdomen is the radiological study of choice to evaluate colonoscopic complications. Splenic injury can be managed conservatively or with arterial embolization depending on the extent of trauma, but splenectomy remains definitive management. Clinical criteria are the primary determinants in choosing operative therapy over observation. Herein, possible risk factors for splenic trauma during colonoscopy are identified, and clinical outcomes are evaluated.     

Laparoscopic splenectomy in an adipose elderly patient with symptomatic non-Hodgkin lymphoma-related splenomegaly and traumatic central splenic hematoma

During recent years, laparoscopic splenectomy has shown to be a safe and effective surgical approach in patients with hematologic disorders requiring spleen removal. Especially in cases with splenomegaly, the laparoscopic approach results in a shorter hospital stay and faster recovery of the patients. Due to the increasing experience in laparoscopy, this approach also is emerging to be a therapeutic option in patients with blunt abdominal trauma with splenic rupture or hematoma. We report the case of an 80-year-old female patient who underwent laparoscopic splenectomy for symptomatic splenomegaly due to non-hodgkin Lymphoma in combination with stable traumatic splenic hematoma after blunt abdominal trauma.     

自体脾腹膜后移植在创伤性脾破裂中的临床应用

目的探讨自体脾组织移植在治疗创伤性脾破裂的应用.方法对本组于2000年1月至2005年4月22例脾破裂行全脾切除后,再行自体脾组织腹膜后移植术.通过检测外周血IgM、IgA、IgG水平和B超,CT、99mTc扫描来观察移植脾片成活和吞噬功能恢复情况.结果术后随访均显示移植脾存活良好,脾功能满意.结论自体脾组织移植可作为严重脾外伤全脾切除术后保留脾功能的一个重要有效手段.     

Splenic Abscess Complicating Infective Endocarditis: Three Case Reports

We present three case-reports of splenic abscess in patients who were initially diagnosed with bacterial endocarditis. In all cases the diagnosis of splenic abscess was based on the findings of abdominal CT scan or MRI. All patients were treated by laparotomy and splenectomy. Two patients fully recovered and one patient, who suffered from splenic rupture and massive blood loss before surgery, died.

Splenic abscess is a well-described but rare complication of infective endocarditis. Rapid diagnosis and treatment are essential as its course can prove fatal.

Abdominal CT scan or MRI should be performed if there is clinical suspicion of splenic abscedation. Immediate splenectomy combined with appropriate antibiotics and valve replacement surgery is the treatment of choice. Splenic tissue is very fragile — especially if the abscess is located subcapsular — and a splenic rupture can result from minimal trauma. If the patient’s general state allows it, it is best to perform splenectomy prior to valve replacement surgery to prevent re-infection of the valve prosthesis. A combined one-stage procedure is also an option.     

Splenic abscess complicating infective endocarditis: three case reports

We present three case-reports of splenic abscess in patients who were initially diagnosed with bacterial endocarditis. In all cases the diagnosis of splenic abscess was based on the findings of abdominal CT scan or MRI. All patients were treated by laparotomy and splenectomy. Two patients fully recovered and one patient, who suffered from splenic rupture and massive blood loss before surgery, died. Splenic abscess is a well-described but rare complication of infective endocarditis. Rapid diagnosis and treatment are essential as its course can prove fatal. Abdominal CT scan or MRI should be performed if there is clinical suspicion of splenic abscedation. Immediate splenectomy combined with appropriate antibiotics and valve replacement surgery is the treatment of choice. Splenic tissue is very fragile--especially if the abscess is located subcapsular--and a splenic rupture can result from minimal trauma. If the patient's general state allows it, it is best to perform splenectomy prior to valve replacement surgery to prevent re-infection of the valve prosthesis. A combined one-stage procedure is also an option.     

Delayed and occult splenic rupture: a diagnostic puzzle

Splenic rupture is a common complaint encountered in emergency surgery. Trauma is the most common cause of splenic rupture, while non-traumatic or occult splenic rupture (OSR) is a rare condition. The differential diagnosis weighs on treatment that ranges between close monitoring, splenorrhaphy, splenic conservation and splenectomy. We report a case of an 63-year-old man presenting with acute atraumatic left upper quadrant pain. Preliminary diagnosis was subsequently determined to be a hematoma secondary to OSR. More accurate detailed history revealed a previous trauma, which occurred more than one year before and mimicked an OSR. Delayed and occult splenic rupture are as different diagnosis as different treatment. Even in emergency surgery, the key for a target therapeutic strategy should consider an accurate diagnostic time.     

脾破裂手助腹腔镜切除术的应用

目的:探讨手助腹腔镜技术在脾破裂切除术中的应用。方法:用手助腹腔镜技术为15例外伤性脾破裂患者行脾切除术。结果:14例顺利完成手术,1例术中大出血中转开腹,平均手术时间105min,术中平均失血110ml,平均住院6.5d。结论:手助腹腔镜技术治疗外伤性脾破裂是安全可行的,适用于无脑、胸损伤,血液动力学稳定的患者。