共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 31 毫秒
1.
Christiansen CL 《Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitation》2008,89(8):1421-1428
Christiansen CL. The effects of hip and ankle stretching on gait function of older people.
Objective
To examine effects of hip and ankle stretching on gait function of older people.Design
Randomized controlled trial.Setting
Flexibility training was performed in participants' homes. Assessments were performed in a biomechanics laboratory.Participants
Forty healthy volunteers (mean age ± SD, 72.1±4.7y) randomized to 2 groups: intervention (n=20) and control (n=20).Intervention
Intervention participants performed an 8-week stretching program, and control group participants maintained activity level for 8 weeks. One investigator made weekly visits to instruct and monitor participants.Main Outcome Measures
Primary outcome measures were passive joint motion for hip extension and ankle dorsiflexion and freely chosen gait speed. Secondary outcome measures were gait parameters during freely chosen gait speed and set gait speed walking (stride length, joint displacement).Results
Compared with the control group, the intervention group had increased combined hip and knee motion (P=.023), ankle motion (P=.020), and freely chosen gait speed (P=.016). The intervention group showed statistically nonsignificant trends of increased stride length at freely chosen gait speed and set gait speed.Conclusions
Findings suggest joint motion is a modifiable impairment that is effectively targeted with flexibility training for older people. Participants in the intervention group had improvements in joint motion as well as increased freely chosen gait speed. Mechanisms responsible for changes in freely chosen gait speed warrant further investigation. 相似文献2.
Kharma C. Foucher Laura E. Thorp Diego Orozco Madelaine Hildebrand Markus A. Wimmer 《Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitation》2010,91(9):1390-1395
Foucher KC, Thorp LE, Orozco D, Hildebrand M, Wimmer MA. Differences in preferred walking speeds in a gait laboratory compared with the real world after total hip replacement.
Objective
To evaluate the relation between walking speeds measured in a gait laboratory and those measured in real-world settings (habitual speed) in subjects with total hip replacements (THRs) and control subjects. The secondary objective is to determine whether the relationship between gait laboratory and habitual speeds was affected by recovery time or related to clinical indices.Design
Cohort study.Setting
Academic medical center.Participants
Experimental subjects (n=26) evaluated 3 weeks and 12 months after THR and control subjects (n=24).Interventions
None.Main Outcome Measures
Walking speed measured in the gait laboratory, walking speed measured in the field by using activity monitors, Harris Hip Score (HHS), and the Western Ontario and McMaster Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC).Results
Laboratory speeds were significantly faster than habitual speeds in all groups (P<.001), but the 2 correlated significantly. The laboratory versus habitual-speed difference was unaffected by recovery time within the THR group (P=.180) but was larger for control subjects (.32±.21m/s) than for THR subjects (.19±.15m/s 1 year after surgery). Habitual speed significantly correlated with total WOMAC scores and with WOMAC stiffness and function subscores 3 weeks after THR. The HHS weakly correlated with 3-week laboratory speed. No speed and clinical correlations were seen 1 year after THR.Conclusions
Although subjects may exaggerate walking speeds in laboratory settings, laboratory-based data accurately reflect real-world activity. Setting affected speeds most in the control group. It is important to consider potential discrepancies between speeds walked in a laboratory versus in the real world when interpreting gait studies comparing 2 or more populations. Finally, analysis of these data suggests that clinical indices may more accurately reflect biomechanical function during early recovery after THR than after full recovery. 相似文献3.
Tomer Bezalel 《Physiotherapy》2010,96(2):137-143
Objectives
To assess the effect of a group education programme on pain and function through knowledge acquisition and a home-based exercise programme.Design
A parallel randomised single-blind clinical trial.Participants
Fifty patients aged 65 years or over with knee osteoarthritis.Interventions
The study group (n = 25) was given a group education programme once a week for 4 weeks, followed by a self-executed home-based exercise programme. The controls (n = 25) were given a brief course in short-wave diathermy treatment.Main outcome measures
Patients were assessed before the intervention, after the intervention (4 weeks) and again 8 weeks later (follow-up) using the Western Ontario McMaster Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC), the repeated sit-to-stand test and the get-up-and-go test.Results
At 4 weeks, there was a significant improvement in both groups in all outcome variables except the WOMAC stiffness score; for example, the WOMAC total score was reduced by a mean of 9.5 points [95% confidence interval (CI) −12.3 to −6.7]. However, at follow-up, patients in the study group demonstrated continued improvement in the get-up-and-go test and the WOMAC total, pain and disability scores, but no such improvement was noted among the controls. This difference was significant; for example, the difference in mean WOMAC total score between the groups was −9.0 points (95%CI −14.5 to −3.4).Conclusion
A simple group education programme for patients with knee osteoarthritis is associated with improved functional abilities and pain reduction. Further study is required to determine if this positive effect can be maintained over a longer period. 相似文献4.
Andrysek J Redekop S Matsui NC Kooy J Hubbard S 《Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitation》2008,89(7):1372-1379
Andrysek J, Redekop S, Matsui NC, Kooy J, Hubbard S. A method to measure the accuracy of loads in knee-ankle-foot orthoses using conventional gait analysis, applied to persons with poliomyelitis.
Objectives
To determine (1) the forces and moments passing through knee-ankle-foot orthoses (KAFOs) during walking and (2) the accuracy with which these loads can be measured using conventional gait analysis techniques.Design
Comparative case series.Setting
Rehabilitation facility with human movement laboratory (gait lab).Participants
Four patients with poliomyelitis wearing KAFOs.Interventions
KAFOs were instrumented with a load cell, and walking data were concurrently collected using conventional gait analysis.Main Outcome Measures
Load measurements and gait parameters.Results
Predominant orthotic loads (knee joint forces and moments) were composed of knee flexion moments and axial compression forces. With conventional gait analysis, peak knee joint moments were substantially underestimated compared with those directly measured using the load cell. Defining the knee axis anatomically versus at the orthotic axis, tracking it dynamically, and compensating for each patient's corrected knee flexion contracture resulted in considerable improvements in the gait lab estimates of knee joint moments.Conclusions
A practical method that directly measures moments and forces in conventional KAFOs has been applied to show that conventional gait analysis techniques substantially underestimate knee joint moments in the KAFOs of persons with poliomyelitis. Underestimation of orthotic loads could result in underdesigned orthotic components and ultimately higher incidence of component failure in clinical applications. 相似文献5.
Objectives
To identify the extent to which an adapted pain management programme is successful in modifying pain beliefs, psychological distress, locus of control and self-efficacy using both qualitative and quantitative approaches.Design
Prospective, observational study with questionnaires at baseline and following completion of a pain management programme.Setting
Outpatient pain management programme in a district general hospital.Participants
Fifteen participants experiencing chronic pain, referred from pain and rheumatology clinics within the hospital.Outcome measures
Pain beliefs, self-efficacy, locus of control and psychological distress.Results
Wilcoxon signed ranks tests demonstrated significant improvements in pain beliefs, self-efficacy and psychological distress. However, changes in locus of control were not found to be significant. The qualitative data supported these findings.Conclusions
The pilot study suggested that the pain management programme successfully modified three out of four of the psychosocial risk factors (Yellow Flags) in a population with established pain and disability. A larger scale project replicating this pilot study including a comparison group, and further research to assess the extent to which modifying Yellow Flags generalises to affect quality of life and disability, are underway. 相似文献6.
Gavin Williams Meg E. Morris Anthony Schache Paul R. McCrory 《Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitation》2009,90(4):587-593
Williams G, Morris ME, Schache A, McCrory PR. Incidence of gait abnormalities after traumatic brain injury.
Objective
To identify the most common gait abnormalities presenting after traumatic brain injury (TBI) and quantify their incidence rate.Design
Case series.Setting
Biomechanics laboratory.Participants
A convenience sample of 41 people with TBI receiving therapy for gait abnormalities, and a sample of 25 healthy controls.Intervention
Three-dimensional gait analysis.Main Outcome Measures
Spatiotemporal, kinematic, and kinetic data at a self-selected walking speed.Results
People with TBI walked with a significantly slower speed than matched healthy controls. There was a significant difference between groups for cadence, step length, stance time on the affected leg, double support phase, and width of base of support. The most frequently observed biomechanical abnormality was excessive knee flexion at initial foot contact. Other significant gait abnormalities were increased trunk anterior/posterior amplitude of movement, increased anterior pelvic tilt, increased peak pelvic obliquity, reduced peak knee flexion at toe-off, and increased lateral center of mass displacement. Ankle equinovarus at foot-contact occurred infrequently.Conclusions
People with TBI were found to have multijoint gait abnormalities. Many of these abnormalities have not been previously reported in this population. 相似文献7.
Cory L. Christiansen Jennifer E. Stevens-Lapsley PT PhD 《Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitation》2010,91(10):1524-1528
Christiansen CL, Stevens-Lapsley JE. Weight-bearing asymmetry in relation to measures of impairment and functional mobility for people with knee osteoarthritis.
Objectives
To compare weight-bearing asymmetry (WBA) for people with unilateral knee osteoarthritis (OA) with that for healthy adults of similar age. In addition, associations between WBA and clinical measures of knee impairment and functional mobility were evaluated.Design
Cross-sectional design with age-matched control (CTL) group.Setting
Clinical research laboratory.Participants
People with end-stage unilateral knee OA (n=50) (OA group) and healthy people (n=17) (CTL group) were enrolled in the study (N=67).Interventions
Not applicable.Main Outcome Measures
WBA during a Five Times Sit-to-Stand Test (FTSST) based on average vertical ground reaction force under each foot, self-reported knee pain assessed using a Numerical Pain Rating Scale, knee extensor strength asymmetry based on peak isometric knee extension torque, knee motion asymmetry based on maximum passive knee extension and flexion angles, FTSST time, six-minute walk test distance, and Stair Climbing Test time.Results
The OA group demonstrated greater WBA than the CTL group during transitions between sitting and standing as measured by an absolute symmetry index (P=.015). No correlation was found between WBA and knee motion asymmetry, but comparisons of WBA with all the other outcome variables indicated fair relationships (range, r=.29-.44).Conclusions
Weight-bearing asymmetry during transitions between sitting and standing can serve as a clinically relevant measure related to both knee impairment and functional mobility for people with unilateral knee OA. 相似文献8.
Mei-Hwa Jan Chien-Ho Lin Yeong-Fwu Lin Jiu-Jenq Lin Da-Hon Lin 《Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitation》2009,90(6):897-904
Jan M-H, Lin C-H, Lin Y-F, Lin J-J, Lin D-H. Effects of weight-bearing versus nonweight-bearing exercise on function, walking speed, and position sense in participants with knee osteoarthritis: a randomized controlled trial.
Objective
To investigate whether weight-bearing (WB) exercise enhances functional capacity to a greater extent than nonweight-bearing (NWB) exercise in participants with knee osteoarthritis.Design
Randomized controlled trial.Setting
Kinesiology laboratory.Participants
Participants (N=106) were randomly assigned to WB exercise, NWB exercise, or a control group (no exercise).Intervention
WB exercise and NWB exercise groups underwent an 8-week knee extension-flexion exercise program.Main Outcome Measures
Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) function scale, walking speed, muscle torque, and knee reposition error were assessed before and after intervention.Results
Equally significant improvements were apparent for all outcomes after WB exercise and NWB exercise, except for reposition error, for which improvement was greater in the WB exercise group. In contrast, there were no improvements in the control group.Conclusions
Simple knee flexion and extension exercises (WB and NWB) performed over 8 weeks resulted in significant improvement in the WOMAC function scale and knee strength compared with the control group. NWB exercise alone may be sufficient enough to improve function and muscle strength. The additional benefit of WB exercise was improved position sense, which may enhance complex walking tasks (walking on figure of 8 route and spongy surface). 相似文献9.
10.
Liikavainio T Lyytinen T Tyrväinen E Sipilä S Arokoski JP 《Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitation》2008,89(11):2185-2194
Liikavainio T, Lyytinen T, Tyrväinen E, Sipilä S, Arokoski JP. Physical function and properties of quadriceps femoris muscle in men with knee osteoarthritis.
Objectives
To examine the objective physical function of the lower extremities, to measure the properties of quadriceps femoris muscle (QFM), and to assess subjective disabilities in men with knee osteoarthritis (OA) and to compare the results with those obtained from age- and sex-matched control subjects.Design
Cross-sectional study.Setting
Rehabilitation clinic in a university hospital.Participants
Male volunteers (n=54) (age range, 50-69y) with knee OA and randomly selected healthy, age- and sex-matched control subjects (n=53).Interventions
Not applicable.Main Outcome Measures
Physical function evaluated with a test battery including the QFM composition measurement, the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC), and the RAND 36-Item Short-Form Health Survey, version 1.0.Results
Knee OA patients had 13% to 26% poorer (P range, .050-.001) physical function and muscle strength compared with the controls. There were also significant differences in QFM composition. WOMAC (P range, .050-.001) and muscle strength (P<.001) associated with physical function tests, but subjective pain correlated with neither physical function nor muscle strength in knee OA patients. The radiographic knee OA grade did not have any significant effect on physical function, but passive knee motion, knee extension strength, and WOMAC were related to the severity of the disease (P<.05).Conclusions
The patients with knee OA exhibited impaired physical function and muscle strength and QFM composition compared with healthy controls. The severity of radiographic knee OA clearly had adverse effects on functional ability at the later stages of the disease. The results highlight the effect of QFM strength on physical function as well as the importance of patient's subjective and objective physical function when deciding on knee OA treatment policy. 相似文献11.
Kathleen Beebe Kimberly J. Song Ellen Ross Benjamin Tuy Francis Patterson Joseph Benevenia 《Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitation》2009,90(6):1039-1047
Beebe K, Song KJ, Ross E, Tuy B, Patterson F, Benevenia J. Functional outcomes after limb-salvage surgery and endoprosthetic reconstruction with an expandable prosthesis: a report of 4 cases.
Objective
To determine the functional outcomes of skeletally immature patients after replacement of the femur and tibia performed by using noninvasive expandable endoprostheses.Design
Case series.Setting
A hospital-based ambulatory care center.Participants
Pediatric patients (N=4) with primary bone tumors of the distal femur and proximal tibia who underwent surgical replacement performed by using the Repiphysis noninvasive expandable endoprosthesis (Wright Medical Technology, Memphis, TN).Interventions
Wide resection of bone sarcoma and placement of expandable endoprosthesis.Main Outcome Measures
Musculoskeletal Tumor Society (MSTS) scores were assessed at the beginning of the study and at each follow-up visit. Medical Outcomes Study 36-Item Short-Form Health Survey, Version 2 (SF-36); gait; sit-to-stand transition; and range of motion (ROM) were assessed at an average follow-up of 31.5 months.Results
At an average of 31.5 months postoperative, the SF-36 physical component summary scores lagged behind the national mean, whereas the mental component summary scores were satisfactory. MSTS scores indicated low levels of pain and supports use with high emotional acceptance and walking ability but persisting difficulties with function and gait. Patients also showed altered patterns of sit-to-stand transition including decreased peak vertical force in the operated limb and increased center of mass momentum in a shorter amount of time. Parts of gait functioning were found to be decreased, including gait velocity, stride length, and cadence. Some patients displayed alternate weight-bearing strategies that accompanied increased double-limb support and stance phase during walking. ROM and strength were diminished at both the hip and knee joints in the operated limb and in the nonoperated limb.Conclusions
Reconstruction with a noninvasive expandable endoprosthesis produces satisfactory functional outcomes in pediatric patients with primary tumors of the bone. Patients in our study displayed some persisting physical difficulties including decreased ROM and strength and altered gait and sit-to-stand patterns, yet they maintained high levels of emotional acceptance and coping. 相似文献12.
Noel Lythgo Bill Marmaras Helen Connor 《Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitation》2010,91(10):1565-1570
Lythgo N, Marmaras B, Connor H. Physical function, gait, and dynamic balance of transfemoral amputees using two mechanical passive prosthetic knee devices.
Objective
To investigate the effect of the 3R90 and 3R92 (Otto Bock Healthcare) mechanical passive prosthetic knee devices on the physical function, gait, and dynamic balance (sudden stop and turn) of transfemoral amputees.Design
Intervention study with crossover design.Setting
University research center.Participants
Men (N=5; mean age ± SD, 58.8±11.9y) with unilateral transfemoral amputation.Intervention
Prosthetic knee joints (N=2; 3R90 and 3R92). Acclimatization ranged from 14 to 47 days (25.5±9.3d).Main Outcome Measures
Physical function, gait, dynamic balance.Results
The Timed Up and Go Test, 6-Minute Walk Test, and Four Square Step Test measures improved with the 3R92. Total scores on the Prosthesis Evaluation Questionnaire were similar for the 3R92 (82.0±6.3) and the participant's own or original device (83.9±4.8). These devices were rated higher than the 3R90 (65.5±16.8). Compared with the original device, gait velocity was significantly slower (5cm/s; P=.017) with the 3R92, but was unchanged for the 3R90. This difference was not considered clinically significant because the effect size was small (0.2). No other significant gait differences were found. Large temporal gait asymmetries observed with the original device remained with the 3R90 and 3R92 (step, ≈20%; single support, ≈30%; stance, ≈19%). Although no significant differences were found for the sudden-turn or sudden-stop tasks, the sudden-turn group success rates were highest with the original devices.Conclusions
Gait and symmetry measures were unchanged. Gait speed was slower with the 3R92, but this was not considered to be clinically significant. Sudden-turn success rates generally were higher with the original devices. A crossover stepping movement was more difficult to implement than a side-stepping movement during sudden turns. 相似文献13.
Yong-Hao Pua Ross A. Clark Adam L. Bryant 《Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitation》2010,91(7):1110-1116
Pua Y-H, Clark RA, Bryant AL. Physical function in hip osteoarthritis: relationship to isometric knee extensor steadiness.
Objective
To evaluate, in a community hip osteoarthritis sample, the cross-sectional associations of isometric strength and steadiness of the knee extensors and their interaction with physical performance measures of physical function.Design
Cross-sectional.Setting
Human movement laboratory of a university.Participants
Sixty-seven adults (27 men and 40 women; age, 61±10y) with radiographically confirmed symptomatic hip osteoarthritis.Interventions
Not applicable.Main Outcome Measures
Participants performed isometric knee extensor steadiness and strength testing on a dynamometer. Physical function was assessed by using the habitual timed walk test and the self- and fast-paced stair-climbing tests.Results
In the hierarchical regression models, although there were clear main effects of knee extensor steadiness on fast-paced stair performance, greater knee steadiness predictively associated with faster stair-climbing performance particularly in individuals with high knee extensor strength. In contrast, knee extensor steadiness was not related to gait speed regardless of knee extensor strength levels.Conclusions
In patients with hip OA, knee extensor steadiness was positively associated with stair-climbing performance, particularly in those with high levels of knee extensor strength. These findings are of importance in developing intervention strategies, but they call for further study. 相似文献14.
Rejeski WJ Ip EH Marsh AP Zhang Q Miller ME 《Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitation》2008,89(11):2102-2107
Rejeski WJ, Ip EH, Marsh AP, Zhang Q, Miller ME. Obesity influences transitional states of disability in older adults with knee pain.
Objectives
This study employed relatively new statistical methods to understand how many states are needed to describe disability in older adults with knee pain, describe the relative probability of transitioning between states over time, and examine whether obesity influences the probability of transitioning between states.Design
Prospective epidemiologic study of older adults with knee pain.Setting
Community.Participants
The participants, 245 women and 235 men, were 65 years or older, had chronic knee pain on most days, and had difficulty with at least 1 mobility-related activity caused by knee pain.Interventions
Not applicable.Main Outcome Measure
The primary instrument, the Pepper Assessment Tool for Disability, evaluated self-reported difficulty with mobility, basic activities of daily living (ADLs), and instrumental activities of daily living (IADLs).Results
The Hidden Markov Model yielded 6 states reflecting changes in mobility, ADLs, and IADLs. There is evidence that loss in more demanding mobility-related activities such as stair climbing is an early sign for the onset of disability and that functional deficits in the lower extremities are critical to the early loss of ADLs. Overall the trend is for older adults to experience greater progression than regression and for obesity to be important in understanding severe states of disability.Conclusions
These data provide a strong rationale for characterizing disability on a continuum and underscore the fluid nature of disability in older adults. As expected, lower-extremity function plays a key role in the disablement process; obesity is also particularly relevant to understanding severe states of disability. 相似文献15.
16.
McCain KJ Pollo FE Baum BS Coleman SC Baker S Smith PS 《Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitation》2008,89(4):684-691
McCain KJ, Pollo FE, Baum BS, Coleman SC, Baker S, Smith PS. Locomotor treadmill training with partial body-weight support before overground gait in adults with acute stroke: a pilot study.
Objective
To investigate the impact of locomotor treadmill training with partial body-weight support (BWS) before the initiation of overground gait for adults less than 6 weeks poststroke.Design
Parallel group, posttest only.Setting
Inpatient rehabilitation center.Participants
Adults after first stroke admitted to an inpatient rehabilitation unit: treadmill group (n=7) and comparison group (n=7).Interventions
Locomotor treadmill training with partial BWS or traditional gait training methods.Main Outcome Measures
Gait kinematics, symmetry, velocity, and endurance at least 6 months postinsult.Results
Data from 3-dimensional gait analysis and 6-minute walk test (6MWT) supported improved gait for adults postacute stroke who practiced gait on a treadmill before walking over ground. Gait analysis showed increased knee flexion during swing and absence of knee hyperextension in stance for the treadmill group. In addition, more normal ankle kinematics at initial contact and terminal stance were observed in the treadmill group. Improved gait symmetry in the treadmill group was confirmed by measures of single support time, hip flexion at initial contact, maximum knee flexion, and maximum knee extension during stance. The treadmill group also walked further and faster in the 6MWT than the comparison group.Conclusions
Application of locomotor treadmill training with partial BWS before overground gait training may be more effective in establishing symmetric and efficient gait in adults postacute stroke than traditional gait training methods in acute rehabilitation. 相似文献17.
18.
Yang S-N, Lee S-H, Kwon H-K. Needle electrode insertion into the tibialis posterior: a comparison of the anterior and posterior approaches.
Objectives
To analyze and compare the safety of the anterior and posterior approaches for needle electrode placement and to examine the method for inserting the needle electrode using the anterior approach.Design
Cross-sectional study.Setting
University hospital.Participants
Lower-extremity radiographs and magnetic resonance images of 22 patients (13 men, 9 women).Interventions
Not applicable.Main Outcome Measure
Measurement of lower-extremity radiographs and magnetic resonance imaging.Results
The anterior approach offers the advantage of a larger safe window for needle insertion into the upper third of the leg than the posterior approach. No significant differences were observed between the anterior and posterior approaches in terms of safety of needle insertion into the midpoint. The safe zone of the overlying skin for needle insertion was found to be approximately 40% to 80% of the width of the tibia away from the lateral margin of the tibia shaft on the upper third of the leg and 32% to 58% of the width of the tibia at the midpoint of the leg in the anterior approach.Conclusions
The method suggested in this article can be used for needle electromyography and deserves more widespread use in clinical practice. 相似文献19.
Metabolic and Mechanical Energy Costs of Reducing Vertical Center of Mass Movement During Gait 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Keith E. Gordon Daniel P. Ferris Arthur D. Kuo 《Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitation》2009,90(1):136-98
Gordon KE, Ferris DP, Kuo AD. Metabolic and mechanical energy costs of reducing vertical center of mass movement during gait.
Objectives
To test the hypothesis that reducing vertical center of mass (COM) displacement will lower the metabolic cost of human walking. To examine changes in joint work associated with increasing and decreasing vertical COM movement during gait.Design
Randomized repeated measures.Setting
Human Neuromechanics Laboratory, University of Michigan.Participants
Able-bodied subjects (N=10).Interventions
Subjects walked at 1.2m/s on a treadmill and overground. Subjects manipulated vertical COM displacement either by adjusting stride length or by using visual feedback to reduce COM movement.Main Outcome Measures
We measured kinematic and kinetic data to calculate vertical and lateral COM displacements, joint torques, and work. In addition, we collected oxygen consumption to calculated metabolic power.Results
Increasing and decreasing vertical COM displacement beyond subjects' preferred range resulted in increases in the metabolic cost of walking. When vertical COM displacement was reduced, corresponding increases in positive ankle and hip work and negative knee work were observed.Conclusions
Humans are capable of walking in a manner that will reduce COM displacement from normal. Decreasing vertical COM movement results in increases in metabolic energy costs because of greater mechanical work performed at the hip, knee, and ankle joints. Thus, reducing vertical COM movement is not a successful strategy for improving either metabolic or mechanical energy economy during normal walking by able-bodied subjects. 相似文献20.
Martin Švehlík Ernst B. Zwick Gerhardt Steinwender Wolfgang E. Linhart Petra Schwingenschuh Petra Katschnig Erwin Ott Christian Enzinger 《Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitation》2009,90(11):1880-1886
Švehlík M, Zwick EB, Steinwender G, Linhart WE, Schwingenschuh P, Katschnig P, Ott E, Enzinger C. Gait analysis in patients with Parkinson's disease off dopaminergic therapy.