我国社区老年卫生服务的规范化健康管理

随着我国人口和健康发展战略的前移和下移以及医学模式的转变,社区卫生服务在医疗卫生领域的作用越来越显得重要和突出。世界卫生组织早在20世纪80年代就提出“社区承担卫生保健责任”的构想．充分表明社区卫生服务在全球卫生工作中的战略地位。社区卫生服务的目的是要把80％以上居民的健康问题解决在社区,为居民提供全程优质的健康管理的卫生服务。提高居民的整体健康水平和生活质量。其内容包括：健康教育、健康促进、老年保健、妇幼保健、卫生防疫、疾病的预防、诊治和康复、社区心理卫生和精神保健等。     

社区卫生服务的基本特征

社区卫生服务是以社区人群为着眼点,以健康为中心,融预防、医疗、保健、康复、健康教育、计划生育指导为一体的基层卫生服务。发展社区卫生服务是贯彻《中共中央、国务院关于卫生改革与发展的决定》,坚持新时期卫生工作方针、深化卫生改革的重要举措。通过认识、掌握和运用社区卫生服务的基本特征,有助于促进社区卫生服务的可持续发展。社区卫生服务的基本特征表现在以下几个方面。1、具体性社区卫生服务面对的是特定的社区,所要解决的问题是促进社区居民的健康和向居民提供各种具体的卫生服务。由于人类的活动大都是在社区中进行的,…     

创新管理模式 提高社区卫生服务水平

爱国社区卫生服务中心是由乌兰浩特市妇幼保健所承办的,社区卫生服务中心和卫生服务站工作仅有6名职工,在社会招聘6名医护人员。爱国社区卫生服务中心承担着爱国辖区的社区诊断、儿童系统管理、孕产妇系统管理、计划免疫管理、突发公共卫生事件应急工作、社区卫生服务一体化管理工作。万佳社区卫生服务站承担着社区卫生信息、社区居民建档、社区健康教育、社区慢性病预防控制、社区老年保健、社区残障居民康复服务及社区日常门诊诊疗活动。     

半淞园社区卫生服务管理体系的探索与实践

社区卫生服务是以社区为范围、家庭为单位，以居民健康为中心，以老人、妇女、儿童、残疾人和慢性病患者等人群为重点，以社区居民基本卫生需求为导向的新型的卫生服务模式。半淞园社区卫生服务中心在l.73平方公里区域内承担着7万余居民的医疗卫生和预防保健工作。为更好发挥一级医院的作用。     

社区卫生服务营销策略

1 社区卫生服务营销。1．1 基本概念 社区卫生服务营销是社区卫生服务机构以满足社区居民的基本卫生服务需要为目的．组织一系列的整体性经营活动．提供社区预防、医疗、保健、康复、健康教育、计划生育技术指导等“六位一体”的基本卫生服务的过程。简单地说，社区卫生服务营销是满足社区居民现实的需求，挖掘其潜在的需求，创造其未知的需求，以推动社区居民物质和精神文化生活的进步。     

基于文献计量学的国际社区卫生服务研究热点分析

目的:分析国际社区卫生服务研究热点,为我国卫生政策研究人员提供选题依据,为卫生决策人员制定社区卫生服务优先发展领域提供借鉴。方法:文献计量分析。结果:"预防保健服务"、"消费者参与"、"家庭保健服务"、"妇女健康服务"和"健康教育"是国际上社区卫生服务的研究热点,"儿童保健服务"、"社区健康护理"和"社区精神卫生服务"也是社区卫生服务研究中备受关注的研究内容,"社区网络"有可能成为社区卫生服务未来的研究热点之一。     

发展社区卫生服务 全面建设小康社会

社区卫生服务是以社区为基础，以社区居民的卫生服务需求为导向，以其广泛的卫生服务中心或服务站为网络，向社区居民提供预防、保健、医疗、康复、健康教育、计划生育指导“六位—体”的综合性基层卫生服务。发展社区卫生服务，是提高人民综合水平和生活质量的具体体现，是实现全面建设小康社会宏伟目标的重要举措。     

居民健康档案功能模型及在社区卫生服务中的应用

我国社区卫生服务是以社区为范围,以个人健康为中心,以家庭为单位,以居民需求为导向以基本保健为目的的有效、方便、经济、连续的卫生服务,是公共卫生和社区建设的重要组成部分。居民健康档案涵盖了居民健康以及影响健康的所有因素,记录了社区、家庭、居民个人健康状况及发展过程,是开展社区卫生服务的依据之一     

湖西地区居民社区卫生服务需求状况调查

社区卫生服务是城市卫生事业改革与发展的重中之重。"预防、治疗、保健、康复、健康教育、计划生育"六位一体的卫生服务模式深受群众欢迎。2006年7—8月,笔者对湖西12个社区的居民进行了社区卫生需求的调查。     

社区卫生保健服务的动力

社区是解决人群健康问题的理想场所和有效资源,社区健康服务中心是城市卫生服务体系的重要组成部分,社区卫生保健是社区健康服务的核心,社区医护工作者是社区健康服务的主力,承担着社区卫生保健服务工作.     

Trends in meningococcal disease in Italy in 1988

Meningococcal disease in Italy decreased 15% in 1988 from the previous year (290 vs. 342 cases). The decline was particularly evident in military cases (1.7/100,000 in 1988 vs. 5/100,000 in 1987) reflecting the full coverage of bivalent serogroup (A + C) meningococcal polysaccaride vaccine in army recruits, achieved since January 1988. The highest proportion of cases was seen in people older than 25 years of age (25%). Serogroup C constituted 60% of the isolates, while 19% belonged to serogroup B. The proportion of strains resistant to sulphonamides was 45%, while 15% were resistant to Minocycline and none to Rifampin. Out of the five military cases, only one (due to serogroup C) was attributable to the vaccine failure. A single coprimary case, but no secondary cases occurred among civilians. These findings are consistent with the trends reported in Italy in the previous years.     

Benzene in blood and phenol in urine in monitoring benzene exposure in industry

Determinations of benzene concentration in blood and of phenol in urine were made by head-space gas chromatography techniques on samples taken near the end of the work day from two groups of workers potentially exposed to low levels of benzene in the work-place atmosphere. Preliminary results suggest that benzene in blood is more reliable than phenol tests for assessing both exposure and uptake of benzene. Normal values of phenol in urine (10 mg/liter or less) were found in nearly all those cases in which benzene was detected in the blood.     

2015年郑州市饮用水放射性水平状况调查

目的了解郑州市不同地区、不同季节、不同水源类型的放射性水平。方法分别于丰水期和枯水期采集郑州市区黄河水源水、井水源水、丹江口水源水、出厂水和末梢水各一份;以县为单位,每单位采集出厂水、末梢水、水库水、河水、井水各1份,按《生活饮用水生活标准检验方法》(GB/T 5750.13-2006)检测饮用水中总α和总β放射性水平,依据《生活饮用水卫生标准》(GB 5749-2006)进行判定。结果丰水期、枯水期水体总α、总β放射性水平均低于国家标准限值。结论郑州市不同水源类型均处于正常的天然放射性本底水平。     

Occupational stress in nurses in psychiatric institutions in Taiwan

Nurses are known to be exposed to occupational stress. However, occupational stress is not well documented for nurses in psychiatric institutions in Taiwan. A cross-sectional study was conducted to explore the work-related stress and risk factors of nurses in psychiatric institutions in Taiwan. A structured questionnaire was distributed to nurses at five state-owned psychiatric hospitals in Taiwan in 2001. Demographic information, working environment, and personal health status were inquired. Occupational stress was assessed based on the Chinese version of Job Content Questionnaire (JCQ). General health status and mental health were evaluated by the International Quality of Life Assessment Short Form-36 (IQOLA SF-36). A total of 573 questionnaires were disseminated to nurses and 518 (90.4%) were satisfactorily completed by nurses, including 408 female full-time nurses who had been in their current work for more than 6 months. In the past one month, 17.2% of nurses reported being under significant stress often or always. Assault episodes were reported by 45.1% of nurses in the past 6 months. Among the nurses, 16.9%, 25.2%, 50.0%, and 7.8% belong to the "High strain", "Low strain", "Active", and "Passive" groups, respectively. Perceived occupational stress was associated with young age, widowed/divorced/separated marital status, high psychological demand, low workplace support, and threat of assault at work. Lower general health score was associated with low job control, high psychological demand, and perceived occupational stress. A lower mental health score was associated with low job control, high psychological demand, low workplace support, and perceived occupational stress. We concluded that nurses in psychiatric institutions are under significant stress related to work factors.     

Changes in nursing administration in supporting transplantation in Brazil

This historical and bibliographic study aimed to understand how Nursing was organized to support care in transplantation. The HISA, LILACS, BDENF, PERIENF and DEDALUS databases were consulted, and thirteen references were found, ten of which were scientific articles, two were master's dissertations and one was a doctoral thesis. The span of time chosen for study ranges from the date of the first kidney transplant in Brazil (1965), to the date of publication of the last scientific article found in the databases mentioned above (2003). After reading these articles, the ones that were similar in topic were grouped together, thus creating the thematic axis for the presentation of the results. The results showed that the Nursing profession has played an important and active role in transplants ever since the first procedure in 1965.     

2019年中国肿瘤流行病学研究进展

恶性肿瘤已成为中国居民的主要死因之一。近些年来,中国政府积极推进肿瘤预防和控制领域的研究工作,取得了很大的进步。本文简要汇总中国在肿瘤流行病学领域的研究进展,具体包括2019年的肿瘤负担、癌症危险因素及其干预、筛查和早期发现、癌症防治专项行动(2019-2022年)方案等方面,以期为我国肿瘤防治工作的有效开展提供技术支撑和理论依据。     

2012年绵阳市蔬菜中农药残留状况

目的 了解绵阳市2012年市售蔬菜中农药残留情况,为食用蔬菜监管提供依据.方法 全部样品均按照GB/T 5009-2003的方法进行农药的残留检测.依据GB 2763-2005《食品中农药最大残留限量》进行判定.结果 2012年共检测蔬菜165份,农药检出率和超标率分别为72.12％和23.64％.豆类、根茎类、叶菜类、瓜果菜类和食用菌类蔬菜检测农药残留超标率分别为8.00％、23.53％、36.00％、5.26％和27.03％,差异有统计学意义(x2=11.41,P＜0.01).不同种类农药超标率差异有统计学意义(x2 =62.42,P＜0.01).夏季和冬季蔬菜农药超标率差异无统计学意义(x2=3.44,P＞0.05).结论 绵阳市叶菜类蔬菜中农药残留情况较为严重,应采取有效措施,加强蔬菜的监督管理,从源头禁止高毒农药的使用,加大蔬菜种植、销售环节的监测,确保市民食用蔬菜的安全.