白藜芦醇等芪类合成酶研究进展

白藜芦醇等芪类化合物因具有抗真菌病、抗氧化、抗肿瘤、美白等多种活性,已为人们广泛研究.本文对芪类化合物特别是白藜芦醇等芪类的合成酶及生物合成途径,芪类合成相关酶基因结构、功能及其转基因最新研究进展情况进行综述,期望为进一步深入研究提供科学参考.     

美白中药与植物药的研究进展

皮肤美白剂是通过作用于皮肤黑色素的形成、代谢途径的某个阶段,能够显著控制、抑制黑色素生成且符合安全要求的物质。植物药与中药以其源自天然、毒副作用低等优势已成为美白祛斑类化妆品研究领域的一项重要课题。就目前国内外报道的当归、甘草等美白中药以及黄酮、香豆素、二苯乙烯类、多糖类等植物提取物的美白作用的研究进展进行了综述。     

骄阳下的美白计划

美白和防晒是完全不同的领略,美白不具任何防晒作用,只能淡化斑纹;防晒品具有阻挡紫外线功能,却不具备美白效果,因此美白和防晒相辅相成,缺一不可。首先从饮食着手,若饮食中油脂太少,肌肤容易衰老,所以要摄取适量的蛋白质及均衡的营养;并应多摄取维生素B类的食品,以预防因紫外线所引起的阳光过敏。在太阳下的皮肤要保持湿润。经过日晒的皮肤会变得干燥,失掉水分,表     

297美白中药与植物药的研究进展

皮肤美白剂是通过作用于皮肤黑色素的形成、代谢途径的某个阶段，能够显著控制、抑制黑色素生成且符合安全要求的物质。植物药与中药以其源自天然、毒副作用低等优势已成为美白祛斑类化妆品研究领域的一项重要课题。就目前国内外报道的当归、甘草等美白中药以及黄酮、香豆素、二苯乙烯类、多糖类等植物提取物的美白作用的研究进展进行了综述。     

魅力兵法

科技美白，高效混搭 2008年盛夏．美白产品大打科技牌．新技术、新成分、新理念……科技美白．无疑成为美容界的“硬道理”。想让美白效果更突出？那就快来学习下面的混搭小技巧吧：     

资讯

薇姿健康护肤专家委员会最新研究发现：美白的高效与安全能否兼顾,取决于焕白因子是否具有高度肌肤亲和力。只要选择含有与肌肤自身构造相近的美白成分的产品,不仅更容易深透到皮肤基底,从源头阻断黑色素生成。     

HPLC法测定白术中的白术内酯I、Ⅱ、Ⅲ

白术为菊科植物白术 Atractylodes macrocephala Koidz.干燥根,主产于浙江、安徽、湖北、湖南等省.其性味甘、苦,温,具有健脾益气,燥湿利水,止汗,安胎的功效[1].主要含有挥发油成分和内酯类成分.其中内酯类成分具有抗炎、抗肿瘤作用[2,3],该类成分还具有调节胃肠道功能和促进营养物质吸收的功能,尤以白术内酯Ⅰ作用明显[4].为有效控制白术质量,本实验采用HPLC法建立内酯类成分的定量分析方法.该方法可操作性强,重现性好,为更好地控制白术药材质量提供了科学依据.     

蒺藜化学成分分析及其皂苷类成分对心血管疾病作用的实验研究进展

通过梳理国内外文献,概述中药蒺藜的化学成分,并就其皂苷类成分对心血管疾病的作用及机制进行总结分析。蒺藜的化学成分主要包括皂苷类、黄酮类、生物碱等,其中皂苷类为主要活性成分。现代药理研究发现,蒺藜皂苷类成分对心血管疾病疗效显著,具有抗心肌缺血、抗动脉粥样硬化、改善心功能、降压、降脂等多重效应,其机制可能与保护心肌细胞、减轻炎症损伤、改善内皮功能、抑制血管平滑肌增殖,抗血小板聚集等有关。     

红花中酪氨酸酶抑制成分的快速筛选和分析

目的 通过红花中酪氨酸酶抑制剂的筛选,明确红花中酪氨酸酶抑制剂成分,为美白祛斑剂的研发提供实验依据。方法 采用索氏提取法依次提取红花石油醚、氯仿、醋酸乙酯、正丁醇和水5种提取物,分别检测其对酪氨酸酶的抑制作用;针对活性组分通过UPLC-Q/TOF鉴定活性成分,并结合分子对接和酶学检测验证药效成分。结果 初步筛选结果显示红花水层提取物具有较强的抑制作用,并进一步通过液相色谱分离,质谱检测,以及分子对接预测技术,推测其中9种成分可能具有酪氨酸酶抑制作用,选取代表性单体羟基红花黄色素A进行验证,确认其具有较强的抑制作用。结论 谱效结合构效的筛选模式为天然产物中美白祛斑成分的筛选提供了便捷方法;红花中羟基红花黄色素A对酪氨酸酶具有明显的抑制作用。     

抗敏牙膏缓解诊室美白产生的牙齿敏感的临床效果评价

目的: 评估含有不同类型脱敏成分的抗敏牙膏缓解冷光美白术中及术后产生的牙齿敏感的效果。方法: 本试验总共招募150个符合条件的受试者,通过计算机生成区组随机序列将150个病例随机分成3组(每组各50例):硝酸钾组(牙膏中的脱敏成分为硝酸钾,n=50)、氟化亚锡组(牙膏中的脱敏成分为氟化亚锡,n=50),安慰剂组(普通含氟牙膏,不含脱敏成分,n=50),试验要求受试者在诊室美白术前15 d开始使用含有相应成分的牙膏刷牙,并且延续到整个试验随访结束。每个受试者均接受一个治疗周期的诊室美白,美白剂的主要有效成分为35%的过氧化氢凝胶。一个美白治疗周期包括3次美白操作,每次操作持续15 min,总计45 min。诊室美白产生的牙齿敏感采用100 mm长的数字化疼痛评判法(visual analogue scale, VAS) 来进行评估,观察时间点为术后即刻0 d、术后1、2、7、14、30 d。最后,硝酸钾组、氟化亚锡组、安慰剂组分别有48(96%),45(90%),46(92%)例受试者完成了整个试验随访。数据的统计学方法采用了方差分析(ANOVA)。结果: 对于诊室美白产生的牙齿敏感,对3组的VAS均值进行分析,在术后即刻0 d,硝酸钾组的VAS均值为39.22±15.08,低于氟化亚锡组(47.18±12.59)和安慰剂组(52.53±14.05),差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05),而氟化亚锡组和安慰剂组结果相似,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。在术后1 d,硝酸钾组的VAS均值为38.27±16.52,低于氟化亚锡组(44.69±14.92)和安慰剂组(44.45±13.54),差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05),而氟化亚锡组和安慰剂组结果相似,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。在术后2、7、14、30 d,3组VAS均值相似,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论: 与氟化亚锡组和安慰剂组相比,术前15 d使用硝酸钾脱敏牙膏能够有效缓解诊室美白术中和术后的牙齿敏感程度。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.