高效液相色谱法测定复方环丙沙星滴耳液中两种主要成分的含量

目的　建立测定复方环丙沙星滴耳液中环丙沙星与甲硝唑含量的高效液相色谱法。方法　色谱柱为ZORBAXRSB -C1 8柱 ,流动相为 0 .3 %三乙胺水溶液—甲醇 (6 8:3 2 ,V/V ,0 .3 %三乙胺水溶液用磷酸调pH =3 .1 5 ) ,检测波长为 3 1 5nm。结果　环丙沙星在 40 - 2 0 0 μg·ml- 1 范围内浓度与峰高线性关系良好 ,r=0 .9994,平均回收率为 98.8% ,RSD =1 .4% ;甲硝唑在 1 5～ 6 0 μg·ml- 1 范围内浓度与峰高线性关系良好 ,r=0 .9996 ,平均回收率为 99.1 % ,RSD =1 .2 %。结论　该方法可用于同时测定复方环丙沙星滴耳液中环丙沙星与甲硝唑的含量。方法简便、灵敏、可靠     

双波长法测定注射用哌拉西林钠/舒巴坦钠中哌拉西林的含量

目的　利用双波长紫外分光光度法测定注射用哌拉西林钠 舒巴坦钠 (1∶1)中哌拉西林的含量。方法　采用双波长分光光度法。选择λ1 =2 0 6nm为测定波长 ,λ2 =2 5 8nm为参比波长 ,以 pH =10的缓冲液为溶剂。 结果　哌拉西林在 0 .0 0～2 8.0 0 μg ml范围内浓度与吸光度呈线性关系 ,A =0 .0 4 198C 0 .0 0 97,r=0 .9994 ,平均回收率为 (95 .2 3± 1.1) % ,RSD =2 3% (n =9)。结论　此法操作快速、简便、准确 ,无需分离 ,成本低 ,不使用有机溶剂 ,在存在舒巴坦干扰的情况下即可测定药物中哌拉西林的含量。     

RP-HPLC法测定酸枣仁汤中棘苷和阿魏酸的含量

目的　建立测定酸枣仁汤中棘苷和阿魏酸含量的 RP- HPL C分析方法。方法　色谱柱 :Hypersil C1 8( 2 0 0mm× 4 .6 m m,5 μm) ,棘苷流动相为乙腈 - 1%冰醋酸水溶液 ( 17∶ 83) ,检测波长 334nm;阿魏酸流动相为乙腈 - 1%冰醋酸水溶液 ( 16∶ 84 ) ,检测波长 32 0 nm,内标物为对羟基苯甲醛。结果　棘苷和阿魏酸分别在 0 .96 0～ 13.4 4μg/m L ( r=0 .9998)和 2 .0 4～ 2 7.2 μg/ m L ( r=0 .9997)与峰面积线性关系良好。平均回收率分别为 98.4 %和98.8% ,RSD分别为 2 .5 %和 2 .8%。结论　本法操作简便、快速、准确 ,可用于酸枣仁汤中棘苷和阿魏酸的含量测定     

薄层扫描法测定痔克胶囊中硬脂酸的含量

目的　建立痔克胶囊君药壁虎中硬脂酸的含量测定方法。方法　采用双波长薄层扫描法 ,固定相为硅胶G ,流动相为氯仿 甲醇 (90∶10 ) ,检测波长 4 38nm ,参比波长 5 5 0nm条件下进行壁虎中硬脂酸含量测定。结果　硬脂酸的含量在 2 .0～ 7.0 μg范围内线性关系良好 (r =0 .994 4 ,n =6) ,平均回收率为 99.6% (n=5 ) ,RSD为 2 .18% ;本次测定 3批样品 ,每克壁虎中硬脂酸含量平均为 0 .0 836g。结论　本法准确可靠 ,可作为痔克胶囊壁虎中硬脂酸的含量测定指标     

薄层扫描法测定蒙药查干—汤中异土木香内酯的含量

目的 :研究测定查干 -汤中异土木香内酯含量的方法。方法 :采用双波长扫描法 ,测定波长 6 0 0nm ,参比波长 42 0nm。结果 :在 0 . 5 4～ 3. 2 4μg范围内呈良好线性关系 ,回归方程为 :Y =0 .35 82 +5 .2 77× 10 -5X(X的单位 μg) ,r =0 .9997。回收率为 10 0 .7% (RSD =1.72 % ,n =5 )。结论 :方法简便、准确。     

冬凌草不同采收期迷迭香酸的含量变化

目的 :探索冬凌草最佳采收期。方法 :应用高效液相色谱法对不同采收期冬凌草中水溶性成分迷迭香酸的含量进行测定。HPLC条件 :ShimpackCLC -ODS柱 (6 .0mm× 15 0mm) ,流动相 :甲醇 - 0 .5 %磷酸水溶液 (5 0 :5 0 ) ,流速 0 .8ml/min ,柱温 30℃ ,检测波长 :335nm ,回归方程为 :y =4 895 84 8.4 2x +36 75 1.5 7,r =0 .9996 ,线性范围 0 .11～ 0 .5 6 μg ,平均回收率 98.5 6 % (RSD =2 .16 % ,n =5 )。测定结果 :6月初采收的冬凌草茎叶中迷迭香酸的含量较高。结论 :6月初有效成分含量高且植株初长成 ,枝叶茂盛 ,产量高 ,是比较好的采收期。     

紫外分光光度法测定盐酸丁卡因甘油溶液中盐酸丁卡因含量

目的　探讨紫外分光光度法测定盐酸丁卡因甘油溶液中盐酸丁卡因的含量方法。方法　以紫外分光光度法测定盐酸丁卡因甘油溶液中盐酸丁卡因的含量 ,并与永停滴定法测定的结果进行比较。结果　在波长 310nm处有最大吸收 ,回归方程为A =0 .0 75 10C +0 .0 0 36 9,r=0 .9999;平均回收率为 99.81% ,平均标示含量为 98.4 6 % ,RSD =1.15 %。结论　该法操作较永停法简便 ,结果无显著性差异     

高效液相色谱法测定当归中阿魏酸含量方法的探讨

目的 :探讨阿魏酸稳定性及高效液相色谱法测定当归中阿魏酸含量的方法。方法 :以甲酸∶水 (5∶95 )为阿魏酸对照品的溶剂 ,甲酸∶甲醇 (5∶95 )为样品的溶剂 ,固定相为shim packCLC ODS ,流动相为 0 2 %甲醇乙腈∶0 1%磷酸 0 1%三乙胺水溶液(2 0∶80 ) ,检测波长为 3 2 4nm ,流速为 1ml·min-1。结果 :阿魏酸在 0 70 4～ 17 6mg·L-1范围内线性良好 (r =0 9998,n =5 ) ,平均加样回收率为 99 3 3 % ,RSD为 0 60 % (n =6)。结论 :高效液相色谱法简便快速 ,可用于当归药材的含量测定     

可见-紫外分光光度法测定器械消毒液中甲醛、苯酚的含量

目的:用可见-紫外分光光度法测定甲醛、苯酚的含量.甲醛与乙酸铵-乙酰丙酮混合液混合后在热水浴中加热10分钟呈黄色溶液,在可见波长414nm处有最大吸收.苯酚水溶液在紫外波长270 nm处有最大吸收.结果:甲醛反应液在0.4～4.0μg/ml浓度范围内线性关系良好(r=0.9999,n=6),平均回收率为97.55%,RSD=0.81%.稳定性实验表明甲醛反应液在2小时内稳定.苯酚溶液在10～16μg/ml浓度范围内线性关系良好(r=0.9999,n=6),平均回收率99.27%,RSD=1.05%,苯酚溶液在24小时内稳定.结论:本方法可快速测定甲醛、苯酚含量,方法准确、灵敏.     

复方双氯酚酸钠滴眼液含量测定方法的研究

目的建立测定复方双氯酚酸钠滴眼液中玻璃酸钠和双氯酚酸钠的含量的方法。方法以咔唑试液为显色剂 ,采用比色法测定玻璃酸钠的含量 ,测定波长为 (5 30± 2 )nm ;采用反相高效液相色谱法测定双氯酚酸钠的含量 ,以HPERSILBDS为固定相 ,ψ(甲醇 ∶ 0 .1%冰醋酸 ) =75∶2 5为流动相 ,检测波长为 2 76nm。结果玻璃酸钠的线性范围为 4 .6 8～ 4 6 .8μg/mL ,平均回收率为 97.1% ,RSD为 2 .2 % ;双氯酚酸钠的线性范围为 0 .0 2～ 0 .6mg/mL ,平均回收率为 99.6 % ,RSD为 0 .3%。结论本方法灵敏、准确 ,可用于控制复方双氯酚酸钠滴眼液的质量     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.