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1.
目的 探讨异丙酚、地氟醚或七氟醚复合瑞芬太尼麻醉对脑功能区手术患者术中唤醒试验的影响.方法 择期拟行脑功能区肿瘤切除术患者60例,ASA Ⅰ或Ⅱ级,年龄18~60岁,随机分为3组:异丙酚组(P组)、地氟醚组(D组)及七氟醚组(S组),每组20例.静脉注射依托咪酯0.3mg/kg、芬太尼3 μg/kg、维库溴铵0.1 mg/kg行麻醉诱导,采用1%丁卡因喉头及气管粘膜表面麻醉后行气管插管.P组、D组和S组分别靶控输注异丙酚,血浆靶浓度2.0μg/ml,持续吸入地氟醚、七氟醚1.5 MAC维持麻醉.各组均靶控输注瑞芬太尼,血浆靶浓度2.5 ng/ml,唤醒试验前血浆靶浓度降为0.5 ng/ml,静脉注射曲马多100mg,停用麻醉药,行唤醒试验.记录唤醒时间,观察唤醒试验时躁动及寒颤的发生情况.结果 各组患者唤醒时间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),P组寒颤发生率较D组和S组高(P<0.05).结论 采用异丙酚、地氟醚或七氟醚复合瑞芬太尼麻醉,脑功能区手术患者术中唤醒时间无差别,地氟醚或七氟醚复合瑞芬太尼麻醉时有关并发症发生率低,更适用于术中唤醒试验.  相似文献   

2.
目的 评价射频消融辅助上气道手术(CAUP)患者瑞芬太尼、异丙酚联合局部麻醉的效果.方法 拟在局麻下行CAUP手术的中、重度阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征患者80例,年龄25~60岁,体重指数≤35 kg/m2,ASA Ⅰ或Ⅱ级,随机分为4组(n=20):生理盐水组(S组)、异丙酚组(P组)、瑞芬太尼组(R组)和异丙酚复合瑞芬太尼组(PR组).1%丁卡因咽部表面麻醉后,S组静脉输注生理盐水0.15 ml·kg-1·h-1,P组静脉输注异丙酚25μg·kg-1·min-1,R组静脉输注瑞芬太尼O.05μg·kg·min-1,PR组静脉输注异丙酚25μg·ks-1·min-1和瑞芬太尼0.05μg·kg-1·min-1.10 min后用含1:200 000肾上腺素的利多卡因行术野局部浸润麻醉.术中每5分钟采用Ramsay评分评价镇静程度;采用主诉疼痛分级(VRS)评价疼痛程度.S组VRS分级为Ⅲ级时为麻醉失败,其余3组VRS分级为Ⅲ级时,增加输注速率或静脉注射异丙酚10 mg或瑞芬太尼20μg;如出现Ramsay评分>3分或呼吸抑制(RR<8次/min或SpO2<95%),则为麻醉失败.于射频消融前和射频消融5 min时记录BP和HR.记录气道阻塞和呼吸暂停等不良反应的发生情况.结果 R组、PR组麻醉成功率(分别为90%、100%)高于s组和P组(分别为40%、65%)(P<0.05).与S组比较,射频消融5 min时P组SP、DP和HR差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),R组和PR组SP、DP和HR降低(P<0.05).4组不良反应发生率比较差异无统计学意义(P>O.05).结论 瑞芬太尼和异丙酚复合瑞芬太尼联合局部麻醉可安全、有效地用于患者射频消融辅助上气道手术.  相似文献   

3.
目的 探讨孕早期吸入安氟醚对子代大鼠认知功能的影响.方法 孕8~10 d SD大鼠30只,随机分为对照组(C组)、吸入安氟醚4 h组(E1组)和吸入安氟醚8 h组(E2组),每组10只.E1组和E2组分别吸入1.7%安氟醚4和8 h,氧流量2 L/min,C组吸入等流量氧气.于出生后20和30 d,采用Morris水迷宫实验测试子代大鼠的认知功能.结果 与C组比较,E1组和E2组出生后20和30 d时子代大鼠认知功能测试第3至5天逃避潜伏期延长,穿越平台次数减少,平台象限停留时间缩短(P<0.05);E1组和E2组子代大鼠上述指标差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).结论 孕早期吸入安氟醚可降低子代大鼠的认知功能.  相似文献   

4.
老年非心脏手术患者术后认知功能障碍   总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5  
目的探讨老年人非心脏手术术后认知功能障碍(POCD)发生情况及其处理。方法分析18例发生典型POCD患者资料。ASAⅠ~Ⅲ级,年龄(73.6±8.4)岁。七氟醚静-吸复合全麻手术11例,腰-硬联合麻醉7例。手术种类包括骨科、胸科、腹部和泌尿外科。术前用药均为苯巴比妥钠0.1 g、东莨菪碱0.3 mg肌注。结果POCD发生在术后24~72 h,均以夜间为重。确诊POCD后,均立即进行了积极治疗:15例予咪唑安定静注复合氟哌啶醇肌注有效;2例予咪唑安定及氟哌啶醇无效,改用哌替啶肌注后症状明显缓解;1例经以上治疗无效,改用丙泊酚持续泵注,停药16 h后恢复正常。随访至出院,全部患者均无严重的精神系统后遗症。结论POCD是老年患者术后常见的并发症,围术期必须进行积极的预防和治疗,避免出现严重的精神系统后遗症。  相似文献   

5.
目的:评价七氟烷复合丙泊酚麻醉对轻度认知功能障碍(MCI)大鼠术后海马突触可塑性的影响及其与钾离子-氯离子共转运体2(KCC2)/钠离子-钾离子-氯离子共转运体1(NKCC1)的关系。方法:雄性SD大鼠,16~18月龄,体重440~540 g,采用双侧颈总动脉重度狭窄建立MCI模型。取MCI模型制备成功的大鼠48只,采...  相似文献   

6.
目的 比较不同麻醉方法对神经外科手术患者脑血管自身调节功能的影响.方法 拟行颅脑肿瘤切除术患者69例,ASA分级Ⅱ或Ⅲ级,年龄23~62岁,采用随机数字表法,将患者随机分为3组(n=23):异丙酚-瑞芬太尼复合麻醉组(PR组)、七氟醚.瑞芬太尼复合麻醉组(SR组)和异丙酚-七氟醚-瑞芬太尼复合麻醉组(PSR组).麻醉诱导:PR组和PSR组TCI异丙酚,血浆靶浓度为3μg/ml;SR组吸入8%七氟醚;3组均静脉注射瑞芬太尼1 mg/kg和阿曲库铵0.5 mg/kg.气管插管后机械通气,维持PETCO2 32~35 mm Hg.麻醉维持:PR组TCI异丙酚,血浆靶浓度2.0~3.5/μg/ml,SR组吸入1.5%~2.5%七氟醚,PSR组TCI异丙酚(血浆靶浓度1.5~3.0 μg/ml)复合吸入1%七氟醚,3组均TCI瑞芬太尼(血浆靶浓度2.0~4.5 ng/ml),静脉输注阿曲库铵6 μg·kg-1·min-1,维持听觉诱发电位指数值40~45.分别于麻醉诱导前(基础状态,T0)、气管插管后即刻(T1)、打开颅骨前即刻(T2)及开始缝皮时(T3)记录大脑中动脉时间-平均峰值流速,于相应时点压迫一侧颈总动脉7 s,计算脑短暂充血反应率(THRR),以反映脑血管自身调节功能.结果 与T0时比较,PR组T2时THRR升高,SR组T2,3时THRR降低(P<0.05),PSR组THRR差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).与PR组比较,SR组和PSR组THRR降低(P<0.05);与SR组比较,PSR组THRR升高(P<0.05).结论 异丙酚-瑞芬太尼复合麻醉可提高神经外科手术患者脑血管自身调节功能,七氟醚-瑞芬太尼复合麻醉可降低其脑血管自身调节功能,异丙酚-七氟醚-瑞芬太尼复合麻醉对其脑血管自身调节功能无影响.
Abstract:
Objective To compare the effect of different methods of anesthesia on cerebral autoregulation in patients undergoing neurosurgery.Methods Sixty-nine ASA Ⅱ orⅢ patients with brain tumor, aged 23-62 yr, scheduled for neurosurgery under general anesthesia, were randomly divided into 3 groups ( n = 23 each) : propofol-remifentanil group (group PR), sevoflurane-remifentanil group (group SR) and propofol-sevoflurane-remifentanil group (group PSR) . Anesthesia was induced with target-controlled infusion (TCI) of propofol (target plasma concentration3 μg/ml, PR and PSR groups) or inhalation of 8% sevoflurane (group SR) and iv injection of remifentanil 1 mg/kg and atracurium 0.5 mg/kg. The patients were mechanically ventilated after tracheal intubation. PETCO2 was maintained at 32-35 mm Hg. Anesthesia was maintained with TCI of propofol (target plasma concentration 2.0-3.5 μg/ml) in group PR, with inhalation of 1.5%-2.5% sevoflurane in group SR, with TCI of propofol (target plasma concentration 1.5-3.0 μg/ml) and inhalation of 1% sevoflurane in group PSR, and with TCI of remifentanil (target plasma concentration 2.0-4.5 ng/ml) and iv infusion of atracurium at 6 μg · kg-1 · min-1 in all groups. Auditory evoked potential index was maintained between 40-45. The middle cerebral artery time-average peak flow velocity was recorded before induction (baseline) , immediately after intubation, immediately before craniotomy and at the beginning of skin suture. The unilateral carotid artery was compressed for 7 s at the corresponding time points mentioned above. The transient hyperemic response ratio (THRR) was calculated to reflect cerebral autoregulation. Results Compared with the baseline value at T0, THRR was significantly increased at T2in group PR and decreased at T2,3 in group SR (P <0.05) ,while no significant change was found in THRR at T1-3in group PSR (P >0.05). The THRR was significantly lower in SR and PSR groups than in group PR, and higher in group PSR than in group SR ( P < 0.05). Conclusion Propofol-remifentanil anesthesia can improve cerebral autoregulation, sevoflurane-remifentanil anesthesia can reduce cerebral autoregulation, and propofol-sevofluraneremifentanil anesthesia exerts no effect on cerebral autoregulation in patients undergoing neurosurgery.  相似文献   

7.
Objective To compare the effect of different methods of anesthesia on cerebral autoregulation in patients undergoing neurosurgery.Methods Sixty-nine ASA Ⅱ orⅢ patients with brain tumor, aged 23-62 yr, scheduled for neurosurgery under general anesthesia, were randomly divided into 3 groups ( n = 23 each) : propofol-remifentanil group (group PR), sevoflurane-remifentanil group (group SR) and propofol-sevoflurane-remifentanil group (group PSR) . Anesthesia was induced with target-controlled infusion (TCI) of propofol (target plasma concentration3 μg/ml, PR and PSR groups) or inhalation of 8% sevoflurane (group SR) and iv injection of remifentanil 1 mg/kg and atracurium 0.5 mg/kg. The patients were mechanically ventilated after tracheal intubation. PETCO2 was maintained at 32-35 mm Hg. Anesthesia was maintained with TCI of propofol (target plasma concentration 2.0-3.5 μg/ml) in group PR, with inhalation of 1.5%-2.5% sevoflurane in group SR, with TCI of propofol (target plasma concentration 1.5-3.0 μg/ml) and inhalation of 1% sevoflurane in group PSR, and with TCI of remifentanil (target plasma concentration 2.0-4.5 ng/ml) and iv infusion of atracurium at 6 μg · kg-1 · min-1 in all groups. Auditory evoked potential index was maintained between 40-45. The middle cerebral artery time-average peak flow velocity was recorded before induction (baseline) , immediately after intubation, immediately before craniotomy and at the beginning of skin suture. The unilateral carotid artery was compressed for 7 s at the corresponding time points mentioned above. The transient hyperemic response ratio (THRR) was calculated to reflect cerebral autoregulation. Results Compared with the baseline value at T0, THRR was significantly increased at T2in group PR and decreased at T2,3 in group SR (P <0.05) ,while no significant change was found in THRR at T1-3in group PSR (P >0.05). The THRR was significantly lower in SR and PSR groups than in group PR, and higher in group PSR than in group SR ( P < 0.05). Conclusion Propofol-remifentanil anesthesia can improve cerebral autoregulation, sevoflurane-remifentanil anesthesia can reduce cerebral autoregulation, and propofol-sevofluraneremifentanil anesthesia exerts no effect on cerebral autoregulation in patients undergoing neurosurgery.  相似文献   

8.
Objective To compare the effect of different methods of anesthesia on cerebral autoregulation in patients undergoing neurosurgery.Methods Sixty-nine ASA Ⅱ orⅢ patients with brain tumor, aged 23-62 yr, scheduled for neurosurgery under general anesthesia, were randomly divided into 3 groups ( n = 23 each) : propofol-remifentanil group (group PR), sevoflurane-remifentanil group (group SR) and propofol-sevoflurane-remifentanil group (group PSR) . Anesthesia was induced with target-controlled infusion (TCI) of propofol (target plasma concentration3 μg/ml, PR and PSR groups) or inhalation of 8% sevoflurane (group SR) and iv injection of remifentanil 1 mg/kg and atracurium 0.5 mg/kg. The patients were mechanically ventilated after tracheal intubation. PETCO2 was maintained at 32-35 mm Hg. Anesthesia was maintained with TCI of propofol (target plasma concentration 2.0-3.5 μg/ml) in group PR, with inhalation of 1.5%-2.5% sevoflurane in group SR, with TCI of propofol (target plasma concentration 1.5-3.0 μg/ml) and inhalation of 1% sevoflurane in group PSR, and with TCI of remifentanil (target plasma concentration 2.0-4.5 ng/ml) and iv infusion of atracurium at 6 μg · kg-1 · min-1 in all groups. Auditory evoked potential index was maintained between 40-45. The middle cerebral artery time-average peak flow velocity was recorded before induction (baseline) , immediately after intubation, immediately before craniotomy and at the beginning of skin suture. The unilateral carotid artery was compressed for 7 s at the corresponding time points mentioned above. The transient hyperemic response ratio (THRR) was calculated to reflect cerebral autoregulation. Results Compared with the baseline value at T0, THRR was significantly increased at T2in group PR and decreased at T2,3 in group SR (P <0.05) ,while no significant change was found in THRR at T1-3in group PSR (P >0.05). The THRR was significantly lower in SR and PSR groups than in group PR, and higher in group PSR than in group SR ( P < 0.05). Conclusion Propofol-remifentanil anesthesia can improve cerebral autoregulation, sevoflurane-remifentanil anesthesia can reduce cerebral autoregulation, and propofol-sevofluraneremifentanil anesthesia exerts no effect on cerebral autoregulation in patients undergoing neurosurgery.  相似文献   

9.
目的对比观察瑞芬太尼复合异丙酚或地氟醚对支撑喉镜手术麻醉恢复期的影响。方法ASAⅠ~Ⅱ级择期拟行支撑喉镜手术的患者60例,随机分成P和D组(n=30),两组均以瑞芬太尼复合异丙酚(7~8mg·kg-1·h-1)(P组)或地氟醚(呼气末浓度6%)(D组)维持麻醉。术毕记录麻醉恢复时间和术后并发症。结果D组的麻醉恢复时间短于P组(P<0.05),但差异幅度均小于5分钟;两组术后并发症无明显差异(P>0.05)。结论瑞芬太尼复合异丙酚或地氟醚用于支撑喉镜手术均能达到快速、安全地苏醒,而地氟醚组苏醒更快些。  相似文献   

10.
目的 比较异丙酚和七氟醚复合麻醉下肝移植术患者的肾损伤.方法 择期行经典原位肝移植术患者50例,性别不限,年龄40 ~ 64岁,体重47 ~ 85 kg,ASA分级Ⅱ或Ⅲ级,按随机数字表法,将其随机分为2组(n=25):异丙酚复合麻醉组(P组)和七氟醚复合麻醉组(Se组),P组于麻醉维持期间靶控输注异丙酚,血浆靶浓度2 ~4 μg/ml,Se组于麻醉维持期间持续吸入七氟醚,维持呼气末浓度1.0% ~3.0%.于切皮前即刻(T0)、下腔静脉阻断后30 min(T1)、新肝期30 min(T2)、术毕(T3)、术后1、3、5 d(T4-6)时采集中心静脉血样和尿样,测定血清肌酐(Cr)、尿素(BUN)、β2-微球蛋白(β2-MG)浓度和尿β2-MG浓度.结果 与P组比较,Se组T3,4时血清Cr、BUN、β2-MG及尿β2-MG浓度降低(P<0.05或0.01).结论 与异丙酚复合麻醉相比,七氟醚复合麻醉下肝移植术患者肾损伤程度减轻.  相似文献   

11.
不同麻醉下脊柱侧弯矫形术患者术中唤醒试验的比较   总被引:1,自引:1,他引:1  
目的 比较不同麻醉下脊柱侧弯矫形术患者术中唤醒试验.方法 选择拟行脊柱侧弯矫形术患者40例,年龄13~ 18岁,性别不限,BMI< 30 kg/m2,ASA分级Ⅰ级.采用随机数字表法,将患者随机分为2组(n=20):异丙酚复合舒芬太尼组(P组)和靶控吸入七氟醚复合舒芬太尼组(S组).麻醉维持时S组靶控吸入七氟醚,呼气末靶浓度0.8%~1.5%;P组靶控输注异丙酚,血浆靶浓度3~5μg/rml,两组均靶控输注舒芬太尼,效应室靶浓度0.2 ~ 0.3 ng/ml.唤醒试验前停止输注顺阿曲库铵,下调舒芬太尼效应室靶浓度至0.1.ml;5 min后,S组停用七氟醚,P组停用异丙酚;5 min后开始唤醒试验.于唤醒试验前、唤醒成功时及唤醒成功后10 min(T0~2)时记录MAP和HR,记录唤醒时间、唤醒期间呛咳、躁动的发生情况,术后随访记录患者术中知晓的发生情况.结果 与P组比较,S组术中唤醒时间短(P<0.05).两组术中唤醒期间MAP和HR均在正常范围内,两组比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).所有患者术中唤醒试验均成功,术中唤醒期间无一例发生呛咳、躁动及术中知晓.结论 靶控吸入七氟醚复合舒芬太尼可安全有效地用于脊柱侧弯矫形术患者术中唤醒试验,且唤醒时间短于靶控输注异丙酚复合舒芬太尼麻醉,更适用于术中唤醒试验.  相似文献   

12.
目的 评价静吸复合麻醉不同镇静深度对妇科腹腔镜术后认知功能的影响.方法 择期妇科腹腔镜手术患者90例,年龄20~ 64岁,BMI 19~ 30 kg/m2,ASA分级Ⅰ或Ⅱ级.采用随机数字表法,将患者分为3组(n=30).术中吸入七氟醚(呼气末浓度1.0%~1.5%)、静脉输注瑞芬太尼和间断静脉注射罗库溴铵维持麻醉,调控瑞芬太尼静脉输注速率维持BIS值水平,Ⅰ组:30< BIS值≤40、Ⅱ组:40< BIS值≤50和Ⅲ组:50< BIS值≤60.麻醉前1d及术后1d,记录简易精神状态量表(MMSE)评分及连线试验(TMT)完成时间.结果 3组患者麻醉前1d和术后1d MMSE评分均>24分,组内及组间比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05).与麻醉前ld相比,Ⅰ组和Ⅲ组患者术后1dTMT完成时间延长,Ⅱ组缩短(P<0.05);与Ⅰ组和Ⅲ组比较,Ⅱ组术后1 d TMT完成时间缩短(P<0.05).结论 七氟醚-瑞芬太尼静吸复合麻醉维持40< BIS值≤50镇静深度对妇科腹腔镜术后认知功能影响较小.  相似文献   

13.
老年患者七氟醚复合麻醉与异丙酚复合麻醉效果的比较   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
目的 比较老年患者七氟醚复合麻醉与异丙酚复合麻醉的效果.方法 择期行腹部手术的老年患者60例,年龄65~80岁,ASAⅡ或Ⅲ级,随机分为2组(n=30):七氟醚复合麻醉组(S组)和异丙酚复合麻醉组(P组).麻醉诱导:舒芬太尼初始效应室靶浓度为0.25 ng/ml,异丙酚初始血浆靶浓度为2.0 μg/ml,患者意识消失时,静脉注射罗库溴铵0.6 mg/kg,气管插管后行机械通气.麻醉维持:S组吸入七氟醚,呼气末浓度1.0%~2.0%,P组靶控输注异丙酚,血浆靶浓度2~4 μg/ml,两组均靶控输注舒芬太尼,效应室靶浓度0.15 ng/ml,静脉输注罗库溴铵0.15 mg·kg-1·h-1.两组均维持脑电双频谱指数40~60,平均动脉压、心率波动不超过基础值的30%.记录围术期血管活性药物使用情况、苏醒时间、拔管时间和清醒时间.结果 与P组比较,S组乌拉地尔使用率降低,苏醒时间、拔管时间和清醒时间缩短(P<0.05或0.01).结论 与异丙酚复合舒芬太尼麻醉比较,老年患者七氟醚复合舒芬太尼麻醉时血液动力学更加平稳,麻醉恢复较快,更适于老年患者.  相似文献   

14.
目的 比较丙泊酚或七氟醚复合瑞芬太尼对食管癌根治术患者单肺通气时中性粒细胞NF-κB活性的影响.方法 择期全麻单肺通气下行左侧开胸食管癌根治术患者40例,年龄40 ~ 64岁,性别不限,体重指数18 ~ 25 kg/m2,ASA分级Ⅰ或Ⅱ级.采用随机数字表法,将其分为2组(n=20):丙泊酚-瑞芬太尼组(P组)和七氟醚-瑞芬太尼组(S组).麻醉诱导后气管插管并机械通气,麻醉维持:P组静脉输注丙泊酚4~8 mg·kg-1 ·min-1,S组吸入1% ~3%七氟醚,2组均静脉输注瑞芬太尼0.2μg· kg-1 ·min-1,维持Narcotrend指数值40~ 50,间断静脉注射顺苯磺酸阿曲库铵7 mg维持肌松.分别于气管插管后5 min、单肺通气开始即刻、30、60、90 min、恢复双肺通气即刻、恢复双肺通气后10min及术毕时采集桡动脉血样,进行血气分析,计算氧合指数和呼吸指数,测定血浆IL-1浓度,提取中性粒细胞核蛋白,测定中性粒细胞NF-κB DNA结合活性.结果 与P组比较,S组呼吸指数、血浆IL-1浓度和中性粒细胞NF-κB DNA结合活性升高(P<0.05),氧合指数差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).结论 与七氟醚-瑞芬太尼麻醉比较,丙泊酚-瑞芬太尼麻醉可抑制食管癌根治术患者单肺通气时中性粒细胞NF-κB激活,有助于减轻肺组织炎性反应.  相似文献   

15.
不同浓度七氟烷对老年大鼠认知功能的影响   总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1  
目的 探讨不同浓度七氟烷对老年大鼠认知功能的影响.方法 18月龄雄性SD大鼠40只,体重500~650 g,随机分为3组,对照组(C组,n=8)吸入空气,1.5%七氟烷组(S1组,n=16)吸入1.5%七氟烷2 h,3.0%七氟烷组(S2组,n=16)吸入3.0%七氟烷2 h.于吸入七氟烷后1、7 d(T1.2)S1组和S2组随机取8只大鼠,采用Y型迷宫实验行认知功能测试,认知功能测试后12 h时处死大鼠,断头取脑,采用RT-PCR方法测定左侧海马N-甲基-D-天冬氨酸受体2B亚基(NR2B)mRNA表达,采用免疫组化法检测右侧海马NR2B蛋白表达.结果 与C组比较,S2组吸入七氟烷后1 d大鼠认知功能减退,右侧海马NR2B蛋白、左侧海马NR2B mRNA表达上调(P<0.05),S1.组上述指标差异无统计学意义(P0.05).结论 吸入1.5%七氟烷后老年大鼠认知功能无明显变化;吸入3%七氟烷后1 d老年大鼠认知功能减退,可能与其上调海马含2B亚基的NMDA受体表达有关.  相似文献   

16.
目的 评价不同剂量右美托咪啶复合异丙酚和瑞芬太尼用于腹部手术病人麻醉的效果.方法 择期拟在全麻下行腹部手术病人90例,性别不限,年龄18-64岁,体重45~80 kg,ASA分级Ⅰ或Ⅱ级,采用随机数字表法,将其随机分为3组(n=30).对照组(C组)静脉输注生理盐水10ml/h;右美托咪啶0.25 μg·kg-1·h-1组(D1组)和右美托咪啶0.50μg·kg-1·h-1组(D2组)于15 min内静脉输注右美托咪啶负荷剂量0.5μg/kg,然后分别以0.25 μg·kg-1 ·h-1或的0.50 μg·kg -1·h-1速率静脉输注至拔除气管导管.麻醉诱导:TCI异丙酚,血浆靶浓度1.0μg/ml,静脉注射顺阿曲库铵0.2 mg/kg,TCI瑞芬太尼,血浆靶浓度3 ng/ml,气管插管后行机械通气.麻醉维持:TCI瑞芬太尼,血浆靶浓度5ng/ml,静脉输注顺阿曲库铵0.1 mg·kg-1·h-1,TCI异丙酚,调节其血浆靶浓度,维持Narcotrend指数37 ~ 46.记录术中瑞芬太尼、顺阿曲库铵和异丙酚的用量、气管导管拔除时间和苏醒时间、术中和麻醉恢复期不良反应的发生情况.结果 3间瑞芬太尼、顺阿曲库铵的用量和气管导管拔除时间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);与C组比较,D1组和D2组苏醒时间延长,术中高血压、心动过速和麻醉恢复期烦躁、呕吐、高血压、心动过速的发生率降低,D2组异丙酚用量减少(P<0.05);与D1组比较,D2组苏醒时间延长,术中高血压和麻醉恢复期烦躁、心动过速和高血压的发生率降低(P<0.05).结论 复合异丙酚和瑞芬太尼时,静脉输注右美托咪啶0.50 μg·kg-1·h-1用于腹部手术病人麻醉的效果较好.  相似文献   

17.
反复吸入七氟烷对老年大鼠认知功能的影响   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
目的 评价反复吸入七氟烷对老年大鼠认知功能的影响.方法 健康Wistar大鼠24只,月龄18月,体重270-450 g,雌雄各半,随机分为3组(n=8):对照组(C组)、2%七氟烷组(S1组)和3%七氟烷组(S2组).C组不吸入七氟烷;S1和S2组分别吸入2%、3%七氟烷,100 min/d,连续5d.于干预结束后1-6d(T1-6)时进行水迷宫实验,记录T1-5时游泳时间和游泳距离及T6时第4象限探索时间和游泳距离.于最后1次水迷宫实验结束后60 min处死大鼠,取海马组织,采用RT-PCR法测定海马N-甲基肌天冬氨酸受体(NMDAR)、NR1和NR2B mRNA的表达.结果 与C组比较,S1组T1时游泳时间和游泳距离延长.T6时第4象限探索时间缩短,NMDAR mRNA表达上调(P<0.05),NRI和NR2B mRNA的表达差异无统计学意义(P<0.05).结论 反复吸入2%七氟烷不会导致老年大鼠认知功能减退;而反复吸入3%七氟烷可导致一过性认知功能减退.  相似文献   

18.
目的 比较七氟醚和异丙酚对骨科手术患者止血带诱发肢体缺血再灌注损伤的影响.方法 择期行膝关节韧带修复术患者54例,性别不限,年龄18~64岁,体重44 ~ 85 kg,ASA分级Ⅰ或Ⅱ级,采用随机数字表法,将患者随机分为3组(n=18)∶对照组(C组)、异丙酚组(P组)和七氟醚组(S组).行腰丛联合坐骨神经阻滞后,P组静脉注射异丙酚2 ~4 mg/kg麻醉诱导,并置入喉罩,术中静脉输注异丙酚2~4 mg·kg-1·h-1维持麻醉.S组吸入8%七氟醚麻醉诱导,并置入喉罩,术中吸入2%七氟醚维持麻醉.异丙酚或七氟醚给药15 ~ 20 min时,C组于相应时点,应用止血带,充气压力为300mm Hg,术毕时放气.术后口服美洛昔康或肌肉注射哌替啶镇痛,维持VAS评分<3分.分别于入室后(T1)和止血带放气后30 min (T2)时采集血样,测定血浆MDA和TNF-α浓度,计算其增长率.术后记录止血带相关不良事件的发生情况和术后24 h内镇痛药用量.结果 患者均未见止血带相关不良事件发生.与C组比较,P组和S组T2时血浆MDA和TNF-α浓度及其增长率降低(P<0.05);与P组比较,S组血浆MDA和TNF-α浓度及其增长率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);与T1时比较,P组和S组T2时血浆MDA和TNF-α浓度差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),C组明显升高(P<0.05);3组患者术后24 h内镇痛药用量比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05).结论 七氟醚和异丙酚均可减轻骨科手术患者止血带诱发下肢缺血再灌注损伤,其效果无差异.  相似文献   

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