Visual and auditory evoked potentials in migraine

We recorded visual (VEP) and brainstem auditory (BAEP) evoked potentials in 50 patients with clinically diagnosed common migraine attended by visual obscuration or sensory symptoms but no neurologic deficit. VEPs were recorded from Oz, 01, and 02 referenced to Fz, with replication of 200 repetitions of 1.88 per second checkerboard stimuli subtending a 56 minute retinal arc. Analysis time was 250 ms., and filter band pass was 1-250 Hz. BAEPs utilized rarefaction stimulation at 70 dB SL, with 150-3,000 Hz filter band pass and 10 ms. analysis time. Two thousand averages were recorded and replicated from Cz-A1 and Cz-A2. VEP N1, P1 and N2 latencies were longer in migraine patients than in controls, and VEP amplitudes were minimally greater. No significant differences were found between patients and controls, however. BAEP I-V and III-V interpeak latencies were significantly prolonged in migraine patients, and the degree of prolongation was greater on the left. Neither VEPs nor BAEPs exceeded clinical norms in migraine patients. VEPs and BAEPs are likely to add little to the clinical assessment of headache patients. BAEP differences may indicate dysfunction of brainstem centers, possibly related to endorphin or serotonin neurotransmission, and possibly related to the pathogenesis of migraine. The left sided asymmetry has been described previously and is of uncertain significance, but may also support a central mechanism for migraine.     

Visual and brainstem auditory evoked potentials in hereditary motor-sensory neuropathy

Visual evoked potentials (VEP) and brainstem auditory evoked potentials (BAEP) were recorded in 57 children and adults with hereditary motor-sensory neuropathy (HMSN); 37 of them were diagnosed as type I (demyelinating) and 20 as type II (axonal). None of the patients presented central nervous system involvement. The results were compared with VEP and BAEP records of 12 adults with Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) and 40 healthy controls. Above 30% of all patients with HMSN I showed delayed latency of the VEP. These abnormalities were less expressed in HMSN II. Abnormal BAEP were observed in almost 50% of patients with HMSN I and HMSN II with nearly the same frequency in both types but more pronounced in HMSN I. The most common feature was prolongation of the I-III interpeak latency (JPL). The VEP and BAEP changes could be present simultaneously in the same patient (mainly in HMSN I) or separately. More often the abnormalities were observed in the adult patients. Normal VEP and BAEP values were present in all patients with GBS. The results strongly suggest the subclinical optical and auditory pathways involvement in HMSN patients.     

The correlation between cerebrospinal fluid findings and evoked potentials during an acute MS attack

Clinically definite Multiple Sclerosis (MS) cases have an index greater than 0.7. Evoked potentials using geometrical patterns and click stimuli respectively and electrical stimulation of mixed nerve trunks evokes low level electrical impulses along a nerve. Prolonged latencies and changes in amplitude in these evoked potentials are thought to reflect sensory loss. This study is performed to determine whether there is a correlation between cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) findings and evoked potentials in MS during an acute MS attack. 10 male and 10 female patients' (20-55) mean (37.75) were included in to the study. They were diagnosed as definite MS with their clinical and MRI findings. During the acute attack 10 (50%) patients out of 20 had high Ig G index and one (10%) had oligoclonal band positivity. Of these 10 patients 8 (4 M, 4 F) had pathology in their evoked potentials while two had normal evoked potential findings. 8 of (80%) 10 patients whom had normal Ig G index during the acute attack had evoked potential pathology while (20%) had normal Ig G index and evoked potentials during the acute attack. Of the 8 patients which had high Ig G index and pathological evoked potential findings during acute attack were evaluated. VEP, BAEP latencies were found to be prolonged as Ig G index increased. (p < 0.05) However the same correlation can not be found with SEP parameters.     

糖尿病大鼠蜗神经核和上橄榄核形态变化与BAEP的关系

目的　研究糖尿病大鼠脑干听觉诱发电位 (brainstemauditoryevokedpotential,BAEP)和蜗神经核、上橄榄核形态学的变化。方法　采用腹腔注射链脲佐菌素诱导糖尿病大鼠模型 ,动态观测BAEP变化 ,并结合BAEP起源 ,应用光镜对脑干蜗神经核、上橄榄核进行形态学观察。结果　成模后 4周实验性糖尿病 (ED)组BAEP的Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅳ、Ⅴ波PL和Ⅰ Ⅲ、Ⅲ Ⅴ延长(P <0 0 5 ) ,成模 6周 ,ED组BAEP各波PL、IPL均出现明显延长 (P <0 0 1)。成模 8周糖尿病大鼠出现脑干蜗神经核、上橄榄核神经元胞体萎缩、胞核内结构不清等表现 ,成模 10周后糖尿病大鼠上述核团神经元变性明显 ,并伴有神经元减少。结论　BAEP在糖尿病早期出现变化且早于中枢形态学变化 ,是临床早期诊断糖尿病中枢神经病变的客观灵敏指标。     

后颅凹肿瘤术中的脑干听觉诱发电位监测分析

目的:探讨脑干听觉诱发电位技术对后颅凹肿瘤术中监护的临床意义。方法:对16例后颅凹肿瘤患者进行术前检查,术中监护,并对BAEP各波波形、潜伏期进行分析。结果:Ⅰ、Ⅲ、Ⅴ波潜伏期延长10例伴Ⅰ—Ⅲ、Ⅲ—Ⅴ或Ⅰ—Ⅴ波波间期延长;波形分化不良或波幅较低6例;手术操作牵拉可引起BAEP不同程度变化。结论:后颅凹占位病变术中的BAEP监护,对保护听觉和脑干功能及术后功能的评估有重要意义。     

糖尿病大鼠脑干听觉诱发电位和血一氧化氮含量的动态变化

目的:探讨脑干听觉诱发电位(BAEP)在早期诊断糖尿病中枢神经病变(DCN)中的作用及血一氧化氮(NO)与DCN发病的关系。方法:采用在体糖尿病动物模型从成模开始动态观测BAEP变化,用硝酸还原酶法测血NO含量的动态变化。结果:建模后4周实验性糖尿病(ED)组BAEPI、II、IV、V波PL和I-III、III-VIPL延长(P＜0.05),成模6周后,ED组BAEP各波PL、IPL均出现明显延长(P＜0.01)。ED组血NO在成模2周升到最高值,以后逐渐下降,与BAEP各PL、IPL变化呈负相关。结论:BAEP是早期诊断DCN的客观灵敏指标,糖尿病时血NO的减少在DCN的发病中起一定作用。     

缺氧缺血性脑损伤新生大鼠脑干听觉诱发电位的动态变化

目的：探讨缺氧缺血性脑损伤新生大鼠脑干听觉诱发电位（BAEP）的动态变化。方法：30只出生13天的新生SD大鼠随机分为对照组和缺氧缺血组,每组15只。将出生后第13天新生大鼠结扎左侧颈总动脉后,置于含氧8％的低氧环境中3h建立缺氧缺血性脑损伤动物模型。出生后第14、20、27、37、47、57、67和77天检测大鼠的BAEP。结果：缺氧缺血组新生大鼠3h缺氧复氧1h后,表现为向左侧旋转,爬行时右侧后肢呈现拖步。出生后第14～47天缺氧缺血组大鼠BAEP波峰潜伏期（PL）和波峰间潜伏期（IPL）较对照组显著延长（P〈0．05或P〈0．01）,这些鼠的BAEP的PL及IPL均随年龄的增加而缩短,并且鼠可发育成熟。结论：缺氧缺血性脑损伤新生大鼠BAEP有显著的可逆性异常变化,其PL和IPL是动态监测与客观评价新生期缺氧缺血性脑损伤和听觉障碍的灵敏指标。     

The usefulness of the brainstem auditory evoked potential in the early diagnosis of cranial nerve neuropathy associated with diabetes mellitus

BACKGROUND: An evaluation of the extent and mechanism of damage of the central nervous system in diabetes mellitus is of high value in current neurological research. Electrophysiological abnormalities are frequently present is completely asymatomatic diabetes mellitus (DM) patients. Limited data is available in the use of brainstem auditory evoked potential (BAEP) in DM. AIM: Is to evaluate the efficacy of BAEP as a method useful in the diagnosis of subclinical damage of the central nervous system in DM. MATERIAL AND METHOD: 67 diabetes and 32 healthy controls - age and sex matched - were chosen. The diabetes were of type I and II and more than or less than 10 years duration. The BAEP was elicited by using auditory stimulus by using Dantec Evomatic 4000 evoked potential machine. The latency of component response recored as waves I, III and V, interpeak latency (IPLs) I - III, I - V, III - V and amplitude of waves V. RESULTS: The difference was highly significant in the increased latency of waves I, III and V, interpeak latency (IPLs) I - III, I - V, III - V and amplitude of waves V of each type of diabetes as compared to control. Comparison of the type and duration of diabetes between each other showed no significant difference. CONCLUSION: BAEP recording can represent an objective, clinically useful and non invasive procedure to stress the early impairment both of the auditory nerve and of brainstem function.     

偏头痛患者发作期脑干听觉诱发电位和瞬目反射检测

目的：观察偏头痛患者发作期脑干听觉诱发电位(BAEP)和瞬目反射(BR)改变。方法：对45例偏头痛发作期患者进行BAEP、BR检测。结果：BR和BAEP联合检测提示脑干病变者31例，占69％；BAEP、BR检测提示听神经、三叉神经传入通路功能障碍和面神经传出通路功能障碍共26例，占58％，其中三叉神经传入通路障碍21例，占81％。结论：偏头痛发作期存在着以脑干和三叉神经为主的神经功能障碍．与血管舒缩功能障碍很可能互为因果、相互影响。     

127例轻型头部外伤脑干听觉诱发电位的分析

对127例轻型头部外伤患者的脑干听觉诱发电位(BAEP)的检测结果分析,发现BAEP异常70例(55％),主要表现为:Ⅰ—Ⅲ,Ⅰ—Ⅴ峰间期延长,Ⅴ波潜伏期延长,Ⅲ—Ⅴ/Ⅰ—Ⅲ>1。统计学处理有显著差异(P<0.05)。其中63例行颅脑CT检查,异常10例(16％)。随访9例,BAEP恢复正常3例,无变化6例,BAEP的恢复一般需10周时间。分析结果表明,轻型头部外伤患者,存在有脑功能的损伤,BAEP是评价脑功能损伤较敏感的客观指标。     

后颅凹肿瘤切除术前后脑干听觉诱发电位监测

目的 :研究脑干听觉诱发电位 (BAEP)在后颅凹肿瘤切除术前后的监测价值。方法 :对35例后颅凹肿瘤患者进行术前术后BAEP动态监测 ,并以 10 0名听力正常的健康受试者作对照。结果 :术后BAEP的变化和临床过程及预后是平行一致的 ;术前BAEP异常者术后早期多有V波潜伏期延长 ;术后 6～ 10天检测 ,术前异常者多有明显恢复 ;术后潜伏期的恢复较波幅的恢复明显。结论 :BAEP适用于后颅凹肿瘤切除术后监测 ;术后BAEP改变能反映脑干功能和预测预后。     

耳外伤患者的脑干听觉诱发电位分析

目的：分析耳外伤患者脑干听觉诱发电位（BAEP）的表现。方法：对108例耳外伤患者进行BAEP检测,测定Ⅰ、Ⅲ、Ⅴ各波潜伏期（PL）、峰间潜伏期（IPL）、两耳间PL或IPL之侧间差（ILD）等指标。结果：108例（141耳）中异常91耳,异常率为64．5％。主要异常表现为病例组Ⅰ、Ⅲ、Ⅴ波PL明显延长,与对照组相比,差异有非常显著意义（P〈0．01）,IPL则无明显改变（P〉0．05）,Ⅴ波反应阈升高。结论：BAEP检测是一项客观敏感的神经电生理学检查法,对于评价耳外伤后的听觉传导通路功能状况具有重要价值。     

椎基底动脉供血不足家兔模型体感诱发电位分析

目的：研究椎基底动脉供血不足(VBI)时体感诱发电位(SEP)的动态变化及其诊断意义。方法：选择成年家兔10只，通过结扎家兔一侧椎动脉人为造成VBI模型，以N27、P40峰潜期及峰间期为指数，动态检测其右侧胫后神经SEP的变化，研究其变化规律。结果：VBI后SEPN27，p40的峰潜伏期明显延长，峰间期无明显变化。结论：SEP对VBI发作期感觉功能的变化有诊断价值，并可评价发作的严重程度。     

多发性硬化患者的视觉、听觉和体感诱发电位的诊断价值

目的:探讨视觉诱发电位(VEP)、听觉诱发电位(BAEP)、体感诱发电位(SEP)对多发性硬化(MS)的诊断价值。方法:对22例临床诊断为MS的患者进行VEP、BAEP、SEP检测,并与正常对照组进行比较分析。结果:22例MS患者中VEP异常15例(68.2%),BAEP异常9例(40.9%),SEP异常12例(54.5%),异常中VEP有53.3%、BAEP有44.4%、SEP有58.3%的患者,临床有相应症状。结论:VEP、BAEP、SEP的检测有助于MS诊断以及亚临床病灶的发现。     

视觉、脑干听觉诱发电位对多发性硬化的诊断价值

目的 :探讨视觉诱发电位 (VEP)、听觉诱发电位 (BAEP)对多发性硬化 (MS)的诊断价值。方法 :对 30例临床诊断为MS的患者进行VEP、BAEP检测 ,并与正常对照组进行比较分析。结果 :MS患者VEP和BAEP的异常率分别为 73%和 6 0 %。异常中VEP有 6 8% ,BAEP有 78%的患者 ,临床有相应的症状 ;VEP 32 % ,BAEP 2 2 %的患者临床无相应症状。 5例MS患者在临床缓解期复查VEP、BAEP ,1例VEP、BAEP恢复正常 ,4例仍异常。结论 :VEP、BAEP检测对MS的诊断具有重要意义。     

Effects of low pass filtering on the brainstem auditory evoked potential in the rat

Summary The effects of low pass filtering on the brainstem auditory evoked potential (BAEP) were studied in the adult male rat. The bandpass of the recording system was progressively widened while the cut-off frequency of the high pass filter remained constant at 3.2 Hz. When the high frequency cut-off was 320 Hz or less, the principal waveform recorded in response to a click stimulus was a slow positive-negative complex. As the high frequency setting was raised from 800 Hz to 3.2 kHz, the slow components of the brainstem were replaced by four fast BAEP waves (I, II, III and IV). As the bandpass widened there was an increase in amplitude and a decrease in the absolute latency of all four fast waves in the order of 0.1 ms although the wave I–IV interpeak latency remained unaffected. The results confirm that the high frequency components of the BAEP are underlain by a slow positivity of uncertain origin followed by a slow negativity which probably arises within the inferior colliculus.This study was supported by the Medical Research Council of New Zealand     

焦虑症患者VEP及AEP临床研究

目的：观察焦虑症患者听觉诱发电位(AEP)及视觉诱发电位(VEP)的特点。方法：对30例符合CCMD-Ⅱ-R诊断标准的焦虑症患者进行VEP和AEP检查，并以30例正常人作对照。结果：VEP在Fz及Cz处的P2、P3波幅明显降低，在Cz处N1潜伏期延长；AEP在Cz及P2处的P2、P3波波幅明显降低，N1潜伏期延长，在Cz处P2潜伏期延长。结论：焦虑症患者的VEP、AEP有波幅降低，潜伏期延长。     

新生儿高胆红素血症闪光视觉诱发电位的检测

应用视觉诱发电位仪对２５例高胆红素血症（简称高胆）新生儿进行了闪光视觉诱发电位（ｒｉｓｕａｌ ｅｖｏｋｅｄ ｐｏｔｅｎｔｉａｌｓ ｔｏ ｆｌａｓｈ,Ｆ－ＶＥＰ）的检测,同时测定了２０例正常新生儿作为对照。结果表明：１．高胆新生儿Ｆ－ＶＥＰ主波潜伏期延长,与正常新生儿比较有显著性差异;２．高胆新生儿胆红素浓度越高,Ｆ－ＦＶＥＰ潜伏越长。提示高胆对视觉神经通道有毒性作用,胆红素浓度越高,毒性损害越大,     

Brain-stem auditory evoked potentials in supratentorial brain tumors.

A group of 42 adult patients with supratentorial brain tumors were studied with computed tomography (CT or/and NMR) and brain-stem evoked potentials (BAEPs). 12 patients had meningiomas and 30 had malignant tumors (gliomas and metastases). The latencies of wave V and of the interpeak latency I-III, III-V and I-V were evaluated both on the lesion side and the opposite side. In meningiomas mean latencies did not show significant differences from normal, while mean latencies in malignant tumors were significantly prolonged, except for the I-III interpeak latency. The results of this study demonstrate that BAEPs may be altered by supratentorial brain tumors. This examination appears to be useful in the monitoring of these lesions after treatment.     

帕金森病患者VEP、BAEP及SEP的测定

目的：研究帕金森病（PD）患者视觉诱发电位（VEP）、脑干听觉诱发电位（BAEP）及体感诱发电位（SEP）的变化并推测其发生机制。方法：选择2008年1月至2013年1月在昆明医学院第一附属医院神经内科门诊及住院的80例PD患者作为PD组,50例健康对照者作为对照组。应用神经电生理检查仪分别对PD患者和健康者进行VEP、BAEP和SEP检测,并进行比较。结果：PD组VEP的P100潜伏期（115．1±10．6）ms较健康对照组（103．2±9．0）ms明显延长（P〈0．01）,P100波幅（6．25±3．02）弘V较健康对照组（7．70±2．62）pV增高（P〈0．05）;PD组BAEP的I、Ⅱ、Ⅲ波的潜伏期和Ⅲ-V及I—V峰间期较对照组明显延长（P〈0．05）;SEP各波潜伏期及波幅两组比较差异无显著意义。结论：PD患者的VEP和BAEP均有不同程度的改变,提示PD患者可能伴有脑干听觉传导通路与视觉俜导诵略的桶害．