异基因造血干细胞移植治疗高度侵袭性非霍奇金淋巴瘤6例

高度侵袭性非霍奇金淋巴瘤(HGL)一般包括T、B或自然杀伤(NK)细胞来源的淋巴母细胞性淋巴瘤(LBL)和B细胞来源的Burkitt淋巴瘤(BL),也包括获得性免疫缺陷综合征(AIDS)相关的非霍奇金淋巴瘤(NHL)。此类淋巴瘤常发生于年轻人,疾病进展快,恶性程度高,预后差,容易复发,     

造血干细胞移植治疗非霍奇金淋巴瘤

<正>淋巴瘤分为霍奇金淋巴瘤(Hodgkin lymphoma,HL)和非霍奇金淋巴瘤(non-Hodgkin lymphoma,NHL),发病率已超过白血病,成为血液系统最常见的恶性疾病。在我国确诊的淋巴瘤患者中NHL占绝大多数。化疗、放疗、免疫靶向治疗、细胞治疗、造血干细胞移植等是治疗NHL的重要手段,虽然目前靶向药物和细胞治疗[1]取得了不错的疗效,但造血干细胞移植在治疗NHL方面仍具有至关重要地位,特别在我国新药资源不充分的条件下,造     

美罗华联合自体造血干细胞移植治疗高危复发非霍奇金淋巴瘤2例

有资料证实自体造血干细胞移植(ASCT)与传统的方法相比可明显提高非霍奇金淋巴瘤(NHL)患者的缓解率,延长其生存期,但最终仍有40%~70%的患者难免要复发[1]。近年来的研究表明美罗华(CD20单克隆抗体,R ituxim ab)在减轻肿瘤负荷,清除移植物中肿瘤细胞以及微小残留肿瘤等方面具有独特的优势,使用美罗华体内净化的移植患者,血液学缓解率可达97%,细胞遗传学缓解率可高达100%[2-4]。我们应用美罗华联合ASCT成功治疗高危复发NHL 2例。现报告如下:对象和方法1.临床资料:病例1,男性,51岁,2004年2月因颈部、腋下肿物1个月余伴发热入院。查体:T…     

自体外周造血干细胞移植对侵袭性非霍奇金淋巴瘤疗效及生活质量影响

<正>自CHOP方案成为非霍奇金淋巴瘤(NHL)患者的标准方案后,预后不良侵袭性NHL患者中44%可经过CHOP方案化疗获完全缓解,但5年总生存率仅为26%[1-2]。造成复发率仍居高不下的原因可能与肿瘤细胞对化疗药物的敏感性降低有关[3]。自体外周造血干细胞移植(APBSCT)联合大剂量放化疗(HDC)治疗侵袭性NHL,可提高缓解率及降低复发率,但APBSCT是否能改善侵袭性NHL患者预     

造血干细胞移植治疗恶性淋巴瘤

造血干细胞移植是近年来治疗恶性淋巴瘤的有效方法之一，综述霍奇金病(HD)和非霍奇金淋巴瘤(NHL)应用造血干细胞移植治疗的进展情况及预后因素。     

自体外周血造血干细胞移植治疗非霍奇金淋巴瘤182例临床分析

目的　评价自体外周血造血干细胞移植 (APBSCT)治疗非霍奇金淋巴瘤 (NHL)患者的疗效。方法　全国 34家单位采用APBSCT治疗NHL 182例。其中第一次完全缓解 (CR1)移植 112例 ,部分缓解 (PR)或复发期移植 70例。外周血造血干细胞 (APBSC)动员方案分为四组 :1组为大剂量环磷酰胺 (HD CY)联合粒细胞 集落刺激因子 (G CSF) 5 5例 ;2组为大剂量阿糖胞苷 (HD Ara C)联合G CSF7例 ;3组为增大环磷酰胺剂量的针对性化疗方案联合G CSF 10 2例 ;4组为单独应用G CSF 18例。预处理方案 :移植前处于CR1状态的 112例中 ,含有全身照射 (TBI)的预处理方案 39例 ,不含TBI的 73例 ;PR或复发的 70例中 ,含有TBI的预处理方案 2 9例 ,不含TBI的 4 1例。结果　四组所采集到的APBSC均可达到临床所需数量。四组间采集的单个核细胞数与采集次数之间无统计学差别。移植后WBC≥ 1 0× 10 9/L的中位数时间为 12 (10～ 30 )d ;血小板≥ 2 0× 10 9/L的中位数时间为 12 (0～ 181)d。患者移植后平均随访时间为 2 4个月。预期 3年无病生存率 (DFS)移植前达CR1期者 6 9 7% ;PR和复发期为 4 4 9%。在移植前达CR1期患者中 ,含有TBI和不含TBI的预处理方案的 3年DFS无统计学差别 (70 1%、6 8 0 % )。而对于PR或复发期患者 ,前者优于后者 (5 7     

侵袭性非霍奇金淋巴瘤的治疗进展

非霍奇金淋巴瘤（NHL）是在我国及亚洲较为多见的、起源于淋巴结及淋巴组织的恶性肿瘤。其中,恶性程度较高,进展较快的侵袭性NHL又占有较大的比重。近年来,有关侵袭性NHL的治疗取得了引人注目的进展,现将有关资料介绍如下：     

自体造血干细胞移植+BEAC方案治疗预后不良非霍奇金淋巴瘤疗效观察

用自体外周血造血干细胞移植（APBSCT）＋大剂量BEAC方案治疗预后不良非霍奇金淋巴瘤（NHL）患者10例,均获快速造血功能重建,其中7例高危初治者完全缓解（CR）,3例复发者中CR2例、PR1例;无移植相关死亡。提示APBSCT＋大剂量化疗对预后不良或复发NHL安全有效,能改善患者生存率。     

恶性淋巴瘤的造血干细胞移植治疗

对于常规化疗 5年生存率超过 5 0 %的预后较好、进展缓慢的淋巴瘤 ,目前不主张首先使用造血干细胞移植 (HSCT)治疗。1　 HSCT的适应证1.1　异基因造血干细胞移植 (Allo- HSCT)　尽管 Allo-HSCT具有移植物抗肿瘤效应 (GVT)、移植物中无肿瘤细胞污染、复发率低等优点 ,但其多被供     

非霍奇金淋巴瘤自体造血干细胞移植发生重症植入综合征(附1例报告)

目的:为了提高对造血干细胞移植后植入综合征(ES)的认识和诊治水平。方法:将我院收治1例重症ES患者进行病例分析及文献复习。结果:在术后第13天中性粒细胞绝对计数达到0.5×109/L时发生ES,表现为非感染性发热、腹泻、全身皮疹、肺实质浸润、低氧血症,经用地塞米松治疗后,体温逐渐消退,症状体征消失。结论:ES是一种移植后威胁生命的并发症,及时诊断,早期使用糖皮质激素治疗,是成功的关键。     

异基因造血干细胞移植治疗NK／T细胞淋巴瘤

目的：探讨异基因造血干细胞移植（allo—HSCT）治疗NK／T细胞淋巴瘤的疗效。方法：对1例NK／T细胞淋巴瘤患者进行allo-HSCT,采用改良马利兰（Bu）／环磷酰胺（Bu／Cy）预处理方案进行了亲缘HLA全相合的外周血干细胞移植,移植物抗宿主病（GVHD）的预防采用环孢素A联合短疗程甲氨蝶呤的方案。移植后予鼻窦及颈部淋巴结区局部放疗,早期减停环孢素A和供者淋巴细胞输注防治复发。结果：患者移植后造血恢复顺利,中性粒细胞绝对数（ANC）〉0．5×10 9／L时间为＋13d,血小板〉20×10 9／L时间为＋15d。移植后未发生急性GVHD,发生肝脏及口腔的慢性GVHD,使用小剂量甲氨蝶呤和泼尼松后控制。随访至移植后8月余,造血功能恢复良好,病情处于持续完全缓解状态,仍在继续随访中。结论：allo-HSCT对NK／T细胞淋巴瘤可能是一种有效的根治方法,移植后的局部放疗及供者淋巴细胞输注能预防复发。

Abstract：

Objective： To explore the therapeutic effect of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation （allo HSCT） for NK/T cell lymphoma. Methods： One patient with NK/T-cell lymphoma received allo-HSCT. The patient received conditioning regimens of improved busulfan/cyclophosphamide and relative HLA-identical peripheral blood stem cell transplantation. Graft versus host disease （GVHD） prophylaxis consisted of cyclosporin-A （CsA） and short course of methotrerate. The sinus and cervical lymph node area were received local ra diotherapy, and it followed by early cyclosporine tapering and donor lymphocyte infusion to prevent relapse after allo HSCT. Results： The hematopoietic stem cell was transplanted successfully. The ANC and PLT were grafted respectively in ＋ 13d and ＋ 15d. None of the acute GVHD was observed. The chronic GVHD involved liver and oral after transplantation, and it was controlled by low dose of methotrerate and prednisone. The patient was followed up for 8 months after allo-HSCT, and the state of illness retained continuous complete remission. Conclusions： Treatment of allo-HSCT was an effective radical cure for NK/T-cell lymphoma, and local radio therapy and donor lymphocyte infusion were used to prevent relapse post transplant.     

Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation: A Salvage Treatment for Relapsed or Refractory Lymphoma

To analyze the efficacy and safety of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (Allo-HSCT) in patients with relapsed or refractory lymphoma, the therapeutic efficacy, safety, and survival of 23 patients were evaluated. There were 18 (78.3 %) patients with relapsed lymphoma and 5 (21.7 %) patients with refractory lymphoma. Patients were grafted from human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-matched (10) or mismatched (7) related donors, or matched unrelated donors (6). The responses after Allo-HSCT included 13 (56.5 %) cases of complete remission, 5 (21.7 %) cases of partial remission, and 5 (21.7 %) cases of progressive disease. Overall, 16 of 23 patients were alive at a median follow up of 1,035 days (range 60–2,613), five patients died because of non-relapsed mortality, and two patients died of progressive disease. Progression-free survival rates were 64.6 and 48.4 % at 12 and 24 months, respectively, and overall survival rates were 68.6 and 59.5 % at 12 and 24 months, respectively. Allo-HSCT may be a salvage treatment for relapsed or refractory lymphoma. Myeloablative conditioning regimens may be effective and safe.     

Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation in Autoimmune Diseases

Heart involvement is a frequent cause of morbidity and mortality in autoimmune diseases. All cardiac structures can be involved: pericardium, endocardium, myocardium, coronary circle, and conduction system.In the last decade many patients affected by autoimmune diseases have been treated with hematopoietic stem cell transplantation; the vast majority of these transplants have been autologous, and most have been within the context of phase I and II clinical trials; now, phase III trials are ongoing.Patients affected by autoimmune disease often have cardiac involvement which potentially puts them at higher risk from acute cardiotoxicity due to alkylating agents such as cyclophosphamide.The authors propose an algorithm for cardiac assessment before stem cell transplantation in order to identify those patients at highest risk, prior to administering any drug, to avoid further worsening of heart involvement and possible organ failure.A baseline assessment includes physical examinations, ECG to highlight arrhythmias and conduction abnormalities, chest X-ray to evaluate the presence of pericardial effusion and cardiothoracic ratio.A second-step evaluation includes echocardiography (which assesses the following parameters: left ventricular ejection fraction, diastolic function, tricuspid gradient, pulmonary acceleration time, right ventricular diameter and pericardial effusion, wall motion), Holter ECG that may highlight the presence of arrhythmias and biohumoral parameters such as brain natriuretic peptide and troponin I. If these parameters show abnormalities, a further step is required before transplantation. Cardiac catheterization allows to identify ischemic coronary diseases and pulmonary artery hypertension. Intensive monitoring with life card assessment before inclusion might establish ischemic coronary diseases or complex arrhythmias requiring pacing. Magnetic resonance imaging and single-photon emission computed tomography with dipyridamole are useful tools to evaluate the coronary flow. Treatment of ischemic coronary disease (assessment for revascularization), cardiac failure, pulmonary artery hypertension and arrhythmias constitutes the final step.The aim is to optimize cardiac status in order to allow intense immunosuppressive treatments.     

造血干细胞移植后继发脑膜造血-1例报告

目的报告1例多发性骨髓瘤患者异基因骨髓造血干细胞移植后发生放射性脊髓炎,1月后又出现髓外脑膜造血的病例,探讨此例髓外脑膜造血的发病因素.方法对该患者在接受非亲缘性供者骨髓移植后7月继发髓外脑膜造血的临床资料进行分析,并结合文献复习.结果脑脊液中发现造血细胞,包括有核红细胞,幼稚粒细胞和巨核细胞,MRI见脊髓T11以下线性增强.结论放射性脊髓炎可能导致髓外脑膜造血,鞘内注射阿糖胞苷和甲氨喋呤治疗使其缓解.     

Natural Killer Cell Alloreactivity in Haploidentical Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation

Natural killer (NK) cells are primed to kill by several activating receptors. NK cell killing of autologous cells is prevented because NK cells coexpress inhibitory receptors (killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptors [KIR]) that recognize groups of (self) major histocompatibility complex class I alleles. Because KIRs are clonally distributed, the NK cell population in any individual are constituted of a repertoire with a variety of class I specificities. NK cells in the repertoire mediate alloreactions when the allogeneic targets do not express the class I alleles that block them. After haploidentical hematopoietic transplantation, NK cell-mediated donor-versus-recipient alloresponses reduce the risk of relapse in acute myeloid leukemia patients while improving engraftment and protecting against graft-versus-host disease. High-resolution molecular HLA typing of recipient and donor, positive identification of donor KIR genes, and, in some cases, functional assessment of donor NK clones identify haploidentical donors who are able to mount donor-versus-recipient NK alloreactions.     

Regulation of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Processing and Transplantation

The widespread use of tissue including hematopoietic stem cell products is justification for the development of standards by professional societies and for regulation by governmental agencies. The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) developed a tiered, risk-based regulatory model. At the low end of risk to the tissue recipient, the regulations being developed by the FDA are comparable to standards developed by the Foundation for the Accreditation of Hematopoietic Cell Therapy (FAHCT) and recognize a basic level of practice in the collection, processing, and distribution of hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) products. This basic level of practice, when fully enacted, will be found in part 1,271 of chapter 21 of the Code of Federal Regulations (CFR), which includes criteria for facility management, quality control, donor selection, and the processing of cells. The regulatory approach adopted by the FDA is more comprehensive than FAHCT standards, however. It defines higher levels of regulatory oversight that combines appropriate sections of part 1271 with current good manufacturing practice requirements described in parts 210, 211, and 820 of chapter 21 of the CFR for HSC products that are more than minimally manipulated.     

Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation: The Vancouver Experience

Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation has been available as a therapeutic modality for selected adult patients in Vancouver, British Columbia since 1981. We report on the history, progress, and future prospects of the Leukemia/Bone Marrow Transplantation Program of British Columbia. The basic mechanisms and indications for hematopoietic stem cell transplantation are outlined. Limitations of this procedure are also examined, particularly that of associated toxicities such as graft-versus-host-disease.