男性渔民吸烟、饮酒与高脂血症的关系

高脂血症是当前影响人群身体健康的高发疾病 ,和其它许多疾病一样 ,其发生发展是遗传和环境因素综合作用的结果。吸烟及饮酒是重要的环境影响因素。本文采用现况调查结合病例对照研究的方法 ,以海岛男性渔民为研究对象 ,对吸烟、饮酒与高脂血症的关系进行调查。结果报告如下。1　对象与方法1 1　研究对象　本次研究现场为浙江省舟山市普陀区蚂蚁岛 ,采用随机数字表的抽样方法 ,从 3代以上 3 95个父系家系中抽取 40个家系中 ,年龄 >16岁男性渔民 115人为研究对象。1 2　病例与对照的确定　对上述 115名研究对象进行早晨空腹抽血检查 ,参照诊…     

饮酒、吸烟与肝癌关系的调查

原发性肝癌是世界上严重危害人民健康的 10种恶性肿瘤之一 ,近年来其发病率呈上升趋势。全世界每年约有 2 6万例新发病例 ,其中 42 5 %发生在中国。据全国死亡回顾调查揭示[1 ] ,我国肝癌患者男性平均标化死亡率为 14 5 2 /10万 ,占恶性肿瘤第 3位 ;女性为 5 6 1/ 10万 ,占恶性肿瘤第 4位。而肝癌的病因非常复杂 ,它可能是多阶段、多因素协同作用的结果。本文通过对 115例原发性肝癌病人和2 30例正常人的病例对照研究 ,重点探讨吸烟、饮酒因素与肝癌的关系。对象与方法1　对象　病例为某县各医院的肝癌病人。所有病例均经手术或病理诊断证…     

高中学生吸烟、饮酒及吸烟饮酒并存行为与情绪失调关系的研究

本研究基于以下两点建立假设 ,其一 ,已有众多研究显示 ,人体暴露于环境中的铅、汞、镁等化学物质时呈现较高的负性情绪得分 ,香烟和酒中含有众多对健康有害的成分 ,进入人体后也会产生同样效应 ;其二 ,从行为学方面而言 ,青少年吸烟、饮酒往往不被社会所认可 ,由此会产生心理压力 ,导致负性情绪出现和增加 ,同时依据精神调节理论 ,负性情绪可诱导和促使人们吸烟和饮酒。由此可见 ,吸烟、饮酒及吸烟饮酒并存行为 (简称并存行为 )与情绪失调必然存在着密切的关系。然而 ,这方面的研究却极少。Ｓｃｈｏｅｎｂｏｒｎ等[1] 分析了Ｗｈｉｓ Ｈｐ…     

吸烟、饮酒与食管癌关系的Meta-分析

目的 探讨我国吸烟、饮酒与食管癌的关系。方法 应用Meta—分析方法对国内有关吸烟、饮酒与食管癌的关系7个研究结果进行定量综合分析。用随机效应模型(D—L法)计算合并比值比(0R)及其95％的可信区间(95％C1)。结果 吸烟、饮酒的合并OR分别为1．84〔95％CI：1．50一2．25)和1．50(1．22一1．85)，它们相应的归因危险度百分比分别为23．21％和16．41％。结论 吸烟、饮酒是我国食管癌的危险因素。     

吸烟、饮酒与舌癌危险度关系的对照研究

舌癌系口腔颌面部恶性肿瘤中患病率较高的一种。所有口腔粘膜及腺体的肿瘤,皆可在舌发生,一般恶性程度较高,生长快,浸润性较强。舌癌占口腔癌瘤的第二位,好发于舌中段边缘,其次为舌根、舌下、舌背和舌尖。最近一些国外资料表明,世界许多地方的年轻人中舌癌发病率不断上升,另外由于术后还会产生功能性损伤,如发音不清,咀嚼困难等,对舌     

社区居民吸烟、饮酒与糖尿病关系的研究

目的探索社区居民吸烟、饮酒与糖尿病的关系。方法采用整群抽样的方法对黑龙江省南岗区和兰西县平山镇35岁以上6195人进行调查。单因素分析采用χ2检验和趋势χ2检验,多因素分析时采用logistic回归调整混杂因素。结果按定性分析,吸烟、饮酒均是糖尿病的危险因素;随着吸烟指数和饮酒量的增加,糖尿病的患病率均出现先减少后增加的趋势,差异有统计学意义;调整性别、年龄、体重指数、就业、文化程度等因素后,年龄、BMI、文化程度和吸烟指数85~184组、185~329组、330及以上组是糖尿病的独立危险因素。结论少量吸烟和饮酒,不增加糖尿病的患病危险,吸烟指数85及以上是糖尿病的独立危险因素,日饮酒精量30g及以上是糖尿病的非独立危险因素。     

农村社区吸烟、饮酒与食管癌关系的研究

目的：探讨农村社区吸烟、饮酒与食管癌的关系。方法：对２５６例食管癌新发病例进行１：１病例对照研究。结果：吸烟（ＯＲ＝２．０４）、饮后吸烟习惯（ＯＲ＝２．５２）能增加食管癌发生的危险性，吸烟年限越长、日吸烟量越大患食管癌的可能性越大。结论：控制吸烟对于农村社区食管癌的防治有重要意义。     

女女性行为人群吸烟和饮酒现状调查

目的 了解山东省聊城市女女性行为人群(WSW)吸烟和饮酒情况。方法 于2015年3-8月在山东省聊城市,采取滚雪球方式招募调查对象,对其进行一对一面对面调查。结果 调查WSW 78人,年龄中位数24.0岁,未婚65.4%(51/78),高中及以上学历占89.7%(70/78)。WSW大部分通过吸烟、饮酒方式发泄和缓解压力。吸烟比例为74.4%(58/78),主要吸烟原因为解忧解闷和需要提神。饮酒比例达84.6%(66/78),>50%是与拉拉朋友、同性恋人和性伴一起饮酒。吸烟者同时饮酒者占69.2%(54/78)(χ²=12.52,P<0.01)。58名吸烟者中,84.5%的人受到家庭婚姻或社会舆论压力(χ²=3.892,P<0.05);66名饮酒者中,83.3%的人承受家庭婚姻或社会舆论的压力(χ²=4.808,P<0.05)。结论 WSW吸烟和饮酒比例较高,应采取针对性的健康干预,控制该人群对烟草和酒精的依赖。     

青岛市沿海2690名渔民饮酒与血压关系的调查

我市属沿海城市,海上捕捞作业的占相当部分,由于渔民长年在海上作业受海风及潮湿影响有饮酒习惯。为摸清渔民饮酒与血压的关系,于1998年3月～1999年10月对所处的王戈庄镇、沙子口镇等5镇进行了调查,报告如下。1 对象与方法1,1 对象 对调查的5个镇,随机抽取20个渔村的男性渔民2 690名,年龄在25～44岁进行调查,被调查者不包括已确诊的高血压及其它心血管疾病患者。     

吸烟,饮酒与缺血性脑卒中关系

采用配比病例对照研究方法,从医院选取158名缺血性脑卒中病例,并从社区和研究医院为病例选配两种对照,病例与两种对照分别作配比分析,以探讨吸烟、饮酒与缺血性脑卒中的关系。单因素分析结果表明:吸烟者患缺血性脑卒中的 OR 约为1.5～2(P<0.05),饮酒者患缺血性脑卒中的OR 约为3(P<0.01)。多因素分析结果显示大量吸烟(>20支/天)是缺血性脑卒中重要的危险因素;饮酒(尤其中、重度饮酒:>50ml/天)是一项独立的危险因素。     

中国1 8~45岁男性人群行为习惯与代谢综合征的关系

目的 分析吸烟、饮酒、睡眠及体力活动等行为习惯因素与中国18～45岁男性代谢综合征(MS)的关系.方法 资料来源于"2002年中国居民营养与健康状况调查"(在31个省、自治区、直辖市采用多阶段分层整群随机抽样方法,调查内容包括询问调查、医学体检、实验室检查和膳食调查).结果 MS各项指标及行为习惯资料填写完整的共4937人.MS患病率为6.9%(329/4937);目前饮酒率为49.4%、吸烟率为54.4%,70.5%的被研究对象平均每天睡眠时间为7～8 h,41.9%的被研究对象每周体力活动时间超过7 h.单因素分析结果,吸烟量＞600包以及饮酒与MS危险性增加有关,每天平均睡眠时间及每周体力活动时间与MS无显著联系.多因素分析结果,与不吸烟者相比,吸烟量＞600包者的MS危险性增加;吸烟量为600～899包,RR=1.443,95%CI:1.044～1.993;吸烟量≥900包,RR=1.765,95%CI:1.150～2.708.与不饮酒者相比,每周饮酒1～2次,RR=1.525,95%CI:1.135～2.048;每周饮酒3～4次,RR=2.322,95%CI:1.671～3.255;几乎每天饮酒,RR=2.033,95%CI:1.478～2.796.结论 吸烟、饮酒与MS危险增加有关.

Abstract：

Objective To analyze the relationship between prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MS) and behavior habits such as smoking,alcohol intake,physical activity,sleeping hours.Methods A multi-stage stratified cluster sampling was conducted in 31 provinces,autonomous regions,and municipalities in China according to the program of National Nutrition and Health Survey.Questionnaire survey,interview,physical examination,measurement of biochemical indices,and dietary investigation were done.In total,4937 men aged 18 to 45 years old were selected.Results The MS prevalence was 6.9%(329/4937).The rate of drinking was 49.4% and smoking rate was 54.4%.The percentage of sleeping was hours from 7 to 8 was 70.5%.The percentage of spending time on physical activity over 420 minutes/week was as high as 41.9%.Data from single logistic regression showed volume of smoking more than 600 packs and alcohol intake were associated with high risk of MS and no significantly associations were found between MS and the duration of physical activity and the sleeping time.Multivariate logistic regression showed that the risk of MS in smokers with the volume more than 600 packs age increased significantly as compared to nonsmokers with the odds ratio as 1.443 (95%CI:1.044-1.993 ) and 1.765 (95%CI:1.150-2.708) in smokers with volume from 600 to 899 packs age,and more than 900 packs age respectively.Compared to the nondrinkers,the odds ratios were 1.525 (95%CI:1.135-2.048),2.322(95%CI:1.671-3.255) and 2.033 (95%CI:1.478-2.796) in subjects volume of alcohol dranking as 1 to 2 times per week,3 to 4 times per week and more than 5 times per week respectively.Conclusion Tobacco and alcohol were associated with high risks of MS.     

Risk of vocal chord dysplasia in relation to smoking,alcohol intake and occupation

The significance of tobacco smoking, alcohol consumption and occupation as risk factors for the development of vocal chord dysplasia was evaluated in a case-control study. Twenty-seven male patients with dysplasia of the vocal chords were chosen from the 1. ENT-University Clinic in Vienna (1985–1988) and compared with 54 controls. The main results are: The relative risk (RR) of a smoker compared to that of a non-smoker for vocal chord dysplasia is 7.27 (6.81–7.73); the RR adjusted for occupation is 3.58 (2.31–4.84). The most important risk factor, however, is occupational exposure. The relative risk of a blue collar worker compared to that of a white collar worker is 11.04 (10.61–11.46), which is reduced only to 10.02 (10.61–11.46) after stratification according to smoking habits.Corresponding author.     

吸烟、饮酒与肝癌关系的条件logistic回归分析

目的 探讨吸烟、饮酒与肝癌发生的关系.方法 采用配对病例对照研究,收集福州地区388例肝癌新发病例和388例对照,对可能的危险因素进行了调整混杂因素(喝茶、乙肝和人均收入)的多因素条件logistic回归分析.结果 在控制了混杂因素后,吸烟和大量饮酒的OR值分别是2.42和2.98.吸烟与饮酒对肝癌的发生具有联合作用....     

吸烟、饮酒与蒙古族高血压的关联性

目的 探讨吸烟、饮酒与蒙古族高血压的关联及关联强度。方法 对2589名≥20岁的蒙古族居民进行血压的测量及吸烟、饮酒等因素的调查，采取单因素X^2及多因素非条件Logistic回归模型分析，以OR值作为评价关联及关联强度的指标，用Mantel—HaenszelX^2趋势检验法分析饮酒与高血压间的剂量-反应关系。结果 单因素分析结果显示，年龄、性别（男性）、吸烟、饮酒、超重[体质指数（BMI）≥25]、腹型肥胖[腰臀比（WHR）≥0．9]、高血糖（血糖≥6．1）以及高血压家族史与高血压相关联（P〈0．05）。经Logistic回归模型分析，调整了年龄、性别、BMI、WHR、血糖和家族史等因素后，吸烟与高血压的关联差异无统计学意义（OR；0．823，P〉0．05），而饮酒与高血压之间的关联差异有统计学意义（OR=1．705，P〈0．0001）。剂量-反应关系分析结果显示，蒙古族人群患高血压的危险性有随着饮酒量的增加而增高的趋势。结论 饮酒可能是蒙古族高血压的独立危险因素，随着饮酒量的增加患高血压的危险性增高，而吸烟可能不是蒙古族高血压的危险因素。     

吸烟、饮酒与胃癌关系的条件logistic回归分析

目的探索吸烟、饮酒及其交互作用与胃癌发生的关系。方法采用配对病例对照研究,收集了2003年8月~2004年8月303例胃癌新发病例和303例健康对照。对可能的危险因素进行了单因素、调整混杂因素(10年前人均年收入、文化程度、性格、慢性胃部疾病史)的条件lo-gistic回归分析,估计其OR值及95%置信区间。结果调整前后,随着吸烟年数延长、每天吸烟量增大及吸烟包年数增多,胃癌的OR值呈上升趋势(趋势检验,P=0.0214、P=0.0121、P=0.0009)。吸烟年限>30年、每天吸烟量>20支和综合指标吸烟包年数>20者均显示出与胃癌有较强的正关联,其调整后的OR值分别是4.54(95%CI=1.20~17.13)、5.65(95%CI=1.43~22.29)和7.25(95%CI=1.70~30.84);未发现饮酒与胃癌有统计学关联(P=0.242)、未发现调整混杂因素后饮酒与吸烟之间有交互作用,其交互项Waldχ2=0.0276,P>0.05。结论吸烟与胃癌的发病呈正相关;单独饮酒与胃癌发生无明显关系,饮酒并不增加吸烟者患胃癌的风险,两者无协同作用。     

Influence of smoking and alcohol consumption on blood lead levels

Summary Blood lead levels were determined in 88% of all men and women born in 1936 and residing in four suburbs of Copenhagen, i.e., 504 men and 548 women. Smoking habits and alcohol consumption were assessed by interview and were found to be independent of other indicators of lead exposure. Increased blood lead levels of smokers could, for the most part, be explained by augmented alcohol intake as indicated by the partial correlation coefficient and by the relationship between alcohol consumption and lead levels in nonsmokers. Further, smoking contributed little to the blood lead levels of individuals who did not consume any alcohol. A multivariate analysis indicated that one unit of alcohol (1.35 cl pure ethanol) per day might contribute 0.5-1.0 g lead/100 ml blood. No significant difference was found between the influence of beer, wine, and hard liquor.This study was supported by the Danish Health Insurance Foundation (H6/85-75, H11/54-76, H11/60-77, H11/57-78). The Danish Heart Foundation and Danish Medical Research Council (5122-6646)     

吸烟在社会经济地位和高TG血症关系中的中介效应分析

目的  研究吸烟在社会经济地位(socioeconomic status, SES)与高TG血症之间的中介效应,为进一步防治高TG血症提供理论依据。方法  选择基于2017年上海市开展的成人慢性病及危险因素监测的5 557名研究对象,调查内容包括询问调查、身体测量和实验室检测。采用χ²检验和Wilcoxon秩和检验分别分析定性资料和定量资料的组间差异。采用中介效应模型分析吸烟在SES和高TG血症之间的作用。结果  SES与吸烟呈负相关(OR=0.86, 95% CI: 0.81~0.91, P < 0.001),吸烟与高TG血症呈正相关(OR=1.29, 95% CI: 1.04~1.59, P=0.019);SES对高TG血症无直接作用,但吸烟在SES和高TG血症关系的作用差异有统计学意义(Z_mediation=-2.086, P=0.037)。结论  吸烟在SES和高TG血症关系中存在完全中介效应,对于不同SES人群应有针对性地进行控烟和加强戒烟宣传,以更好地防控高TG血症。     

Influence of solvents,alcohol, smoking and age on biological tests

Summary The association between a number of blood and serum quantities and industrial organic solvent exposure and poisoning, alcohol consumption, smoking, and age was analysed in 277 subjects by multiple regression analysis. Solvent poisoning was associated with changes in S-creative kinase concentrate at the P < 0.001 level (higher if exposed, lower if non-exposed at the examination time). Solvent exposure seemed to potentiate the effects of smoking on B-hemoglobin cone. and B-erythrocyte volume fraction, and the effect of age on S-creatinine cone. at the P < 0.05 level, while there was no interaction between alcohol consumption and solvents. Alcohol consumption in itself, as well as smoking and age, were highly significantly associated with changes in a large number of blood and serum quantities. There was no difference in the alcohol markers (mean erythrocyte volume = MCV, S-alanine aminotransferase and S-urate) in patients with solvent poisoning compared to healthy volunteers. The results indicate that studies on the effects of solvents on haematology and biochemistry are not valid unless the effects of alcohol, smoking and age are established; and that excessive alcohol consumption is an unlikely explanation for the symptoms of patients with solvent poisoning. The findings suggest that smoking and age may have combined effects with solvents.     

天津市吸烟成年人膳食平衡指数及与血尿酸关系的研究

目的:通过膳食平衡指数（DBI_16）评价天津市吸烟成年人膳食状况,并分析与血尿酸的关系。方法:在天津市共计调查1 478名成年人,使用3 d膳食回顾法和调味品称重法相结合获得膳食状况,并收集其空腹静脉血检测血尿酸。描述吸烟者与非吸烟者各类食物摄入状况及DBI_16评分,并分析吸烟、膳食质量距（DQD-DBI）与血尿酸...