手机辐射对小鼠骨髓细胞的影响

目的 通过手机辐射对小鼠骨髓细胞影响的研究,探讨手机辐射对小鼠造血系统的影响。方法 20只健康雄性小鼠随机分为两组(对照组和实验组),每组10只。实验组连续接受手机辐射60d。对两组动物进行骨髓细胞学检查,同时测定并比较其细胞微核率和细胞凋亡率差异。结果 同对照组相比,实验组红细胞系生成抑制,粒/红比升高;接受手机辐射小鼠骨髓细胞微核率、凋亡率升高,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 本实验提示手机辐射可引起实验动物骨髓红细胞系生成抑制,同时对骨髓细胞具有潜在致畸变效应。     

Radaway抗辐射胶囊对小鼠辐射损伤的保护作用

目的 观察Radaway抗辐射胶囊对小鼠γ射线辐射损伤的保护作用。方法 将120只雄性昆明小鼠随机分为I(外周血白细胞计数)、Ⅱ(骨髓细胞微核检测)、Ⅲ(骨髓DNA含量测定)3大组,每大组又随机分为高、中、低剂量组和辐射对照组。各组根据不同指标选择不同的照射时间均以同一剂量γ射线全身照射1次。结果 以3Gy剂量照射后第14天各剂量组的外周血白细胞计数均显著高于辐射对照组(P < 0.01);照射后第3天,中、低剂量组的骨髓细胞微核率显著低于辐射对照组(P < 0.01),低剂量组的骨髓DNA含量显著高于辐射对照组(P < 0.01)。结论 Radaway抗辐射胶囊对小鼠γ射线辐射损伤具有显著的保护作用。     

手机辐射对实验小鼠胃肠功能的影响

目的 探讨手机辐射对实验小鼠胃肠功能的影响。方法 60只雄性健康小鼠随机分为6组,实验和对照各3组。实验组鼠笼下方正中5cm置手机一部,使实验组小鼠接受手机辐射60d后,测定小鼠小肠推进率、甲基橙胃残留率和木糖吸收值。结果 同对照组相比,接受手机辐射小鼠甲基橙胃残留率和木糖吸收值差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),而实验小鼠小肠推进率低于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 本实验提示手机辐射引起实验动物肠蠕动能力降低,但对胃排空和肠吸收功能未产生影响。     

六珍双抗胶囊抗辐射实验研究

目的 实验研究六珍双抗胶囊的抗辐射作用。方法 选取昆明种雄性小鼠,随机分成辐射对照组及高、中、低、三个用药剂量组,按照38 mGy/d的剂量连续照射92 d,观察小鼠骨髓嗜多染红细胞的微核率,以及小鼠染色体畸变率。结果 实验组与对照组比较,小鼠微核率与睾丸染色体畸变率均显著低。结论 六珍双抗胶囊具有抗辐射作用。     

宽筋藤对辐射损伤小鼠造血功能的影响

目的 研究宽筋藤对辐射损伤小鼠造血功能的影响。方法 小鼠被分为五组:阴性对照组、照射对照组、药物高、中、低剂量组。实验组小鼠在⁶⁰Coγ射线6Gy照射后,药物组被给予不同剂量药物,其余两组给予生理盐水。分别在照射前4小时、照后第7、14天检测血象三次。在照后14d,处死小鼠,观察药物对骨髓DNA含量、骨髓有核细胞数、脾结节的影响。结果 宽筋藤照后给药,给药组小鼠外周血红细胞、血小板,骨髓有核细胞计数及骨髓DNA含量比照射对照组明显增加,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 宽筋藤照后给药能促进放疗后骨髓造血功能的恢复,具有一定的抗辐射作用。     

纳米氧化铈对小鼠辐射损伤防护作用的研究

目的 探讨纳米氧化铈(CeO₂)对小鼠辐射损伤的防护作用。方法 140只BALB/c小鼠随机分为正常对照组,照射对照组,阳性药物对照(氨磷汀)、纳米氧化铈低剂量组(100 mg/kg)、纳米氧化铈中剂量组(300 mg/kg)和纳米氧化铈高剂量(900 mg/kg)组。小鼠经3.5 Gy ⁶⁰Co γ射线一次性全身照射(剂量率1 Gy/min)。于照射后3天、8天处死小鼠,检测脾脏和胸腺系数和骨髓嗜多染红细胞微核率,并对照后8天小鼠血浆SOD和小鼠胸腺淋巴细胞肌动蛋白微丝骨架进行观测。结果 照后3天,与照射对照组相比,纳米氧化铈中、高剂量组的胸腺系数明显增加(P<0.05或P< 0.01),优于阳性药物组;纳米氧化铈用药组脾脏系数有升高的趋势,但差异无统计学意义;纳米氧化铈药物组骨髓嗜多染红细胞微核细胞率均降低,特别是低剂量组微核细胞率与照射对照组相比差异有统计学意义(P < 0.05),作用优于阳性药物组。照后8天,与照射对照组相比,纳米氧化铈药物组骨髓嗜多染红细胞微核细胞率持续降低;纳米氧化铈中剂量组小鼠血清总SOD活力有升高趋势,差异无统计学意义,胸腺淋巴细胞微丝骨架形态较完整。结论 纳米氧化铈具有一定的辐射防护作用,其机制可能与提高机体免疫能力、保护造血组织免于辐射诱发的损伤有关。     

山楂醇提物腹腔注射对辐射损伤小鼠保护作用的研究

目的 研究山楂醇提物腹腔注射对辐射损伤小鼠的保护作用。方法 昆明种雄性小鼠60只被分为五组:正常对照、放射对照、药物高、中、低剂量组。各药物组腹腔内注射一次药物,其余两组给予生理盐水,1h后实验组小鼠用⁶⁰Coγ射线6Gy照射。分别在照射前4h、照后6d、照后12d称量小鼠体重、检测血象三次。在照后12d,处死小鼠,测股骨骨髓DNA含量、骨髓有核细胞数。结果 ①高剂量组8只小鼠注射药物后腹腔感染出血死亡,其余实验小鼠均存活。②同放射对照组比,三种浓度的山楂醇提物可以促进受辐射损伤小鼠外周血白细胞、血小板数的恢复。结论 山楂醇提物腹腔注射可促进受辐射损伤小鼠造血功能的恢复,对骨髓DNA及有核细胞有一定的保护作用。     

染料木黄酮抗辐射作用的实验研究

目的 研究染料木黄酮(Genistein,Gen)对照射小鼠的保护作用,为抗辐射功能食品的开发提供实验依据。方法 雄性昆明小鼠,经7.5 Gy γ射线照射,观察补充不同剂量的Gen对小鼠30 d死亡率、平均存活时间的影响;4.0 Gy γ射线照射,观察补充Gen对外周血白细胞、血小板、淋巴细胞、骨髓有核细胞(BMC)、内源性脾结节、以及骨髓嗜多染红细胞微核率的作用。结果 Gen可以提高受照射小鼠30d活存率,延长受照射小鼠存活时间,保护系数达1.44;可以升高受照射小鼠血小板、淋巴细胞计数和脾结节数,降低骨髓嗜多染红细胞微核率。结论 Gen对辐射小鼠有保护作用。     

桑牛强生胶囊对4.0Gy照射小鼠造血功能的影响

目的 观察桑牛强生胶囊(SN)对4.0 Gy照射小鼠造血功能的保护作用。方法 将小鼠随机分为正常对照组、环磷酰胺对照组、阿归对照组和药物大小剂量5个实验组。实验组小鼠以⁶⁰Coγ射线照射和给予环磷酰胺注射形成骨髓抑制模型,药物组给予不同剂量中药口服,正常对照组与环磷酰胺对照组给予生理盐水。实验前及实验后测体重,第7、14天检测血象,停药后的第2天,处死小鼠,观察骨髓有核细胞数。结果 SN可使由于⁶⁰Coγ射线照射和环磷酰胺所致的Hb、RBC、WBC、PC减少明显提高,骨髓有核细胞数比环磷酰胺对照组明显增加,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05、P<0.01]。结论 SN有显著刺激骨髓造血功能的作用,具有防治辐射损伤的作用。     

茶多酚对60Co γ辐射诱发CHL细胞染色体畸变和微核形成作用的影响

目的 研究茶多酚（tea polyphenols,TP）对60Coγ辐射诱发中国仓鼠肺成纤维细胞（Chinese hamster fibroblast cell line,CHL）染色体畸变和小鼠骨髓微核形成作用的影响。方法 将CHL细胞（±S9）分为空白对照组、阳性对照组、辐射模型组,TP保护组（分别加TP12.5、25、50 μg/ml）6组,除空白和阳性对照组外均给予2 Gy ⁶⁰Co γ照射后继续培养24 h,常规制备染色体,观察畸变类型并计算畸变率。50只KM小鼠分为正常对照组、辐射模型组,TP保护组（高、中、低剂量分别于照射后给TP725、145、29 mg/kg灌胃）,每组10只,给药后14天给予6 Gy ⁶⁰Co γ照射,24 h后处死动物,取双侧股骨,行骨髓涂片和姬姆萨染色,计数含微核嗜多染红细胞（polychromatic erythrocyte,PCE）数。结果 中、高剂量组TP（25、50 μg/ml）可显著降低⁶⁰Co γ诱发的CHL染色体畸变率,S9不影响CHL细胞染色体畸变形式和畸变率。高、中剂量TP保护组（725、145 mg/kg）小鼠PCE微核率与辐照模型组相比较,相差显著（P<0.05）。结论 茶多酚能部分对抗⁶⁰Co γ辐射诱发的CHL细胞染色体畸变和微核形成,对染色体损伤具有保护作用。     

Low dose radiation increased the therapeutic efficacy of cyclophosphamide on S(180) sarcoma bearing mice

We examined whether low dose radiation (LDR) exposure (75 mGy) could increase the therapeutic efficacy of cyclophosphamide (CTX) by comparing the effects of tumor suppression, tumor cell apoptosis, cell cycle and proliferation of bone marrow in vivo. Kunming mice implanted with S(180) sarcoma cells were given 75 mGy whole body gamma-ray radiation exposure and CTX (300 mg/kg) by intraperitoneal injection 36 hours after LDR. Proliferation of bone marrow and tumor cells was analyzed by flow cytometry. Cytochrome c leakage from the tumor was measured by Western-blot. We discovered that tumor growth was significantly reduced in the group exposed to CTX add to LDR. The apoptosis of tumor cells increased significantly after LDR. The tumor cells were arrested in G(1) phase in the groups treated with CTX and CTX + LDR, but cell cycle was more significantly arrested in mice exposed to LDR followed by CTX than in mice exposed only to LDR or CTX chemotherapy. Concentration of bone marrow cells and proliferation index in CTX + LDR mice were higher than those in the untreated mice. LDR or CTX + LDR could induce greater cytochrome c levels and caspase-3 activity in tumors. These results suggest that low dose radiation can enhance the anti-tumor effect of the chemotherapy agent CTX markedly. Furthermore, LDR significantly protects hematopoetic function of the bone marrow, which is of practical significance on adjuvant chemotherapy.     

Effects of ionizing radiation on differentiation of murine bone marrow cells into mast cells

Mast cells, immune effector cells produced from bone marrow cells, play a major role in immunoglobulin E–mediated allergic responses. Ionizing radiation affects the functions of mast cells, which are involved in radiation-induced tissue damage. However, whether ionizing radiation affects the differential induction of mast cells is unknown. Here we investigated whether bone marrow cells of X-irradiated mice differentiated into mast cells. To induce mast cells, bone marrow cells from X-irradiated and unirradiated mice were cultured in the presence of cytokines required for mast cell induction. Although irradiation at 0.5 Gy and 2 Gy decreased the number of bone marrow cells 1 day post-irradiation, the cultured bone marrow cells of X-irradiated and unirradiated mice both expressed mast cell–related cell-surface antigens. However, the percentage of mast cells in the irradiated group was lower than in the unirradiated group. Similar decreases in the percentage of mast cells induced in the presence of X-irradiation were observed 10 days post irradiation, although the number of bone marrow cells in irradiated mice had recovered by this time. Analysis of mast cell function showed that degranulation of mast cells after immunoglobulin E–mediated allergen recognition was significantly higher in the X-irradiated group compared with in the unirradiated group. In conclusion, bone marrow cells of X-irradiated mice differentiated into mast cells, but ionizing radiation affected the differentiation efficiency and function of mast cells.     

骨髓间充质干细胞对异基因骨髓移植后GVHD和生存率的影响

目的　观察骨髓间充质干细胞 (BMMSC)对急性淋巴细胞白血病 (ALL)小鼠异基因骨髓移植 (allo -BMT)后移植物抗宿主病 (GVHD)和生存率的影响。方法　建立ALL小鼠动物模型 ,对其进行allo -BMT的同时 ,静脉输注体外培养的供鼠BMMSC ,同时设立单纯allo -BMT对照组。流式细胞仪检测受鼠CD4+ 、CD8+ T细胞亚群的差异 ;观察受鼠发生GVHD一般反应及病理学变化 ;记录受鼠存活时间。结果　BMMSC减少受鼠CD4+ T细胞的同时增加CD8+ T细胞 ;推迟GVHD发生的时间 ;明显延长ALL小鼠allo -BMT后的生存时间 (P <0 0 5或P <0 0 1)。结论　BMMSC能抑制ALL小鼠allo -BMT后GVHD的发生 ,但同时具有一定程度的GVL作用。     

Protection against radiation induced hematopoietic damage in bone marrow of Swiss albino mice by Mentha piperita (Linn)

The protective effects of Mentha piperita (Linn) extract against radiation induced hematopoietic damage in bone marrow of Swiss albino mice have been studied. Mice were given either double distilled water or leaf extract of M. piperita orally (1 g/kg b.wt./day) once a day for three consecutive days, and after 30 min of treatments on the third day were exposed to 8 Gy gamma radiation. Mice were autopsied at 12, 24, 48 hrs and 5, 10 and 20 days post-irradiation to evaluate the percentage of bone marrow cells, frequency of micronuclei and erythropoietin level in serum. An exposure to gamma radiation resulted in a significant decline in the number of bone marrow cells such as leucoblasts, myelocytes, metamyelocytes, band/stab forms, polymorphs, pronormoblasts and normoblasts, lymphocytes, and megakaryocytes. Pretreatment with leaf extract of M. piperita followed by radiation exposure resulted in significant increases in the numbers of leucoblasts, myelocytes, metamyelocytes, band/stab forms, polymorphs, pronormoblasts and normoblasts, lymphocytes, and megakaryocytes in bone marrow as compared to the control group. Pretreatment with leaf extract of M. piperita followed by radiation exposure also resulted in significant decreases in micronucleus frequencies in bone marrow of Swiss albino mice. A significant increase in erythropoietin level was observed at all the studied intervals in leaf extract of M. piperita pretreated irradiated animals as compared to control animals (radiation alone). The results of the present investigation suggest the protective effects of leaf extract of M. piperita against radiation induced hematopoietic damage in bone marrow may be attributed to the maintenance of EPO level in Swiss albino mice.     

慢性苯中毒小鼠DNA氧化损伤的单细胞凝胶电泳检测

目的比较苯对骨髓细胞和外周血淋巴细胞DNA损伤的程度。方法将小鼠按不同浓度进行静式吸入苯染毒60d,采用单细胞凝胶电泳技术对小鼠骨髓细胞和外周血淋巴细胞DNA损伤进行分析。结果高、低浓度组小鼠骨髓细胞DNA的迁移率显著高于阴性对照组,且两组之间差异有显著性,在同一浓度组的骨髓细胞与外周血淋巴细胞之间,DNA损伤差异有显著性,骨髓细胞DNA损伤比外周血淋巴细胞更为严重。结论慢性苯染毒可致骨髓细胞和外周血淋巴细胞DNA断裂损伤,且骨髓细胞DNA损伤较外周血淋巴细胞严重。     

枸杞多糖对慢性辐射小鼠细胞凋亡及bc1-2基因表达的影响

目的:探讨枸杞多糖(LBP)对辐射小鼠细胞凋亡及凋亡相关基因bcl-2表达的影响。方法:以水提取-乙醇沉淀法制备枸杞多糖,并制成0.8%的饲料,给予受试小鼠(枸杞多糖组)。正常对照组、辐射对照组给予普通饲料。除正常对照组外,另两组均用60Coγ射线对动物进行全身性照射,每天照射1次,每天照射剂量为0.084Gy,每周照射5d,连续照射6w,照射总剂量为2.52Gy。检测骨髓微核率、睾丸精母细胞染色体畸变、精子畸形率、肝细胞caspase-3mRNA表达水平、细胞凋亡及凋亡相关基因bc1-2表达等指标。结果:LBP可使辐射引起的微核率、染色体畸变、及精子畸形率显著降低,骨髓细胞增殖活性提高,凋亡率降低,使辐射小鼠bc1-2基因表达提高、caspase-3mRNA表达水平降低。结论:枸杞多糖的抗辐射作用与其调控细胞bc1-2基因表达,影响细胞凋亡有关。     

Bcl-2基因转染对心脏移植排斥反应中心肌细胞凋亡的影响

目的　探讨Bcl-2基因转染对心脏移植排斥反应中心肌细胞凋亡的影响。方法　采用小鼠颈部心脏移植模型 ,随机分为 3组 :对照组、移植组、Bcl-2组。分别于术后第 1、3、5、7d各取 4只移植心脏 ,原位末端标记 (TUNEL)法染色检测心肌细胞凋亡 ,以心肌细胞凋亡阳性细胞数占总心肌细胞数的百分比作为心肌细胞凋亡指数 (apoptosisindex ,AI)。用免疫组化方法观察Bcl -2的表达情况。结果　移植组心肌细胞于术后第 1d即已出现凋亡 ,第 3d明显增加 ,第 7d达高峰。Bcl-2组术后第 1d心肌细胞即表达Bcl -2 ,第 3d表达明显增加 ,第 5d达高峰 ,第 7d仍维持高峰状态。Bcl -2组各时间点心肌细胞凋亡指数明显小于对应的移植组(P <0 0 1)。结论　Bcl -2基因转染对心脏移植排斥反应中心肌细胞凋亡有显著抑制作用     

Prevention of gamma radiation induced anaemia in mice by diltiazem

Intraperitoneal administration of diltiazem (DTZ), half an hour prior to whole body gamma irradiation (2.5, 5.0, & 7.5 Gy), showed the protection of animals from radiation-induced anaemia. Radiation exposure significantly (p < 0.001) reduced the number of pro- and normoblasts in bone marrow and RBC counts, hemoglobin (Hb), hematocrit (Hct ), and erythropoietin (EPO) level in blood, but increased myeloid / erythroid ratio. At all the radiation doses, the maximum decrease in these values was noted on the 3rd day, followed by a gradual recovery from the 7th day, but it was not recorded as normal even until the end of experimentation. In animals pretreated with DTZ, these values were measured higher at all the time periods in comparison to corresponding control, and these were almost normal at the last autopsy interval only at 2.5 Gy radiation dose. DTZ maintained the higher erythropoietin level in blood, which acted on bone marrow and spleen colony forming unit for erythroblast (CFU-E), and stimulated such cells to produce RBCs. These results confirm that DTZ has the potency to alter anaemic condition favorably through the protection of bone marrow stem cells, and subsequently it maintains the higher number of pro- and normoblasts in bone marrow, RBC counts, hemoglobin (Hb), hematocrit (Hct) percentage, and erythropoietin level in blood and the lower myeloid/erythroid ratio in bone marrow.