Laparoscopic repair of a right paraduodenal hernia

Background: Laparoscopic repair of a right paraduodenal hernia has never been described in the literature. A 24-year-old woman was admitted after 2 weeks of intermittent abdominal pain associated with nausea and vomiting. Physical examination was normal. Laboratory studies and upper endoscopy were normal. Computed tomography revealed that the small bowel was on the right side of the abdomen and the colon on the left, suspicious for malrotation. Subsequent upper gastrointestinal series with small bowel follow-through revealed the ligament of Treitz on the right with the small bowel encased within a probable hernia sac. A presumptive diagnosis of a right paraduodenal hernia was made.Methods and Results: Initial access was obtained with a 10-mm infraumbilical port followed by placement of 5-mm ports in the right and left upper and lower quadrants. The duodenum was identified and the small bowel was found encased within a hernia sac, which was opened widely from the duodenum to the pelvis. The hernia sac was opened laterally to avoid injury to the superior mesenteric vessels. The small bowel was then released from the sac into the peritoneal cavity. The entire bowel was inspected and no other abnormalities were noted. The patient had resolution of her abdominal pain and her postoperative course was uncomplicated. She was discharged home on postoperative day 3 and has since done exceptionally well.Conclusions: Paraduodenal hernia, a rare cause of small bowel obstruction, can present a diagnostic challenge. However, when the diagnosis is made preoperatively, a laparoscopic repair is a feasible and practical option. Poster presented at the annual meeting of the Society of American Gastrointestinal Endoscopic Surgeons (SAGES), Los Angeles, CA, USA, 12–15 March 2003 This article contains the opinions of the authors only and does not represent the opinions of the U. S. Department of Defense or the U. S. Army.     

Right paraduodenal hernia leading to bowel strangulation

Up to half of all internal hernias are caused by paraduodenal hernia, a rare congenital midgut malrotation that accounts for less than 1% of all intestinal obstructions. The diagnosis may arise from an incidental finding on abdominal imaging or the patient may present with abdominal pain, vomiting, and obstipation. Early recognition and management of this disease entity are keys because serious complications such as bowel ischemia and infarction may result from a delay in diagnosis. We present a case involving a 14-year-old boy with gangrenous small bowel secondary to right paraduodenal hernia.     

An unusual variant of a left paraduodenal hernia diagnosed and treated by laparoscopic surgery: Report of a case

An 80-year-old woman who had undergone both a cholecystectomy and an appendectomy presented with intermittent abdominal pain. Computed tomography (CT) revealed an encapsulated circumscribed cluster of jejunal loops in the left upper quadrant. The hernia orifice was adjacent to the left side of the superior mesenteric artery and vein. An upper gastrointestinal series also revealed a cluster of jejunal loops, suggesting the possibility of an internal hernia. Laparoscopic surgery was performed. The hernia orifice was found to be caused by abnormal adhesion between the transverse mesocolon and the jejunum mesentery. An adhesiotomy reduced the jejunum entrapped in the hernia. The hernia space was a large mesocolic fossa composed of transverse mesocolon and mesentery, continuing to the splenic flexure. The hernia was classified as a variant of paraduodenal hernia.     

Left paraduodenal hernia causing small bowel obstruction in an adolescent patient

Internal hernias are an uncommon cause of bowel obstruction, accounting for less than 1% of cases. Paraduodenal hernias, the most common type of internal hernias, are believed to be congenital in origin. They can be asymptomatic, cause chronic abdominal pain, or present with acute intestinal obstruction with strangulation and ischemia. We describe a case of left paraduodenal hernia found in a patient who presented with acute intestinal obstruction.     

16例十二指肠旁疝的诊断与治疗

目的总结十二指肠旁疝（ PDH）的诊治经验.方法回顾分析 1962- 2003年间经外科手术治疗的 16例 PDH患者的临床资料.结果本组患者平均年龄 36岁.左侧 PDH（ Landzert隐窝） 13例,右侧 PDH（ Waldeyer隐窝） 3例. 10例患者平时无任何临床症状;3例患者在饱食后、 13例患者在剧烈运动或突然改变体位后出现上腹剧烈疼痛.腹部 X线检查提示 12例为完全或不完全性肠梗阻. B型超声及 CT显示, 6例左上腹胰腺和胃之间有扩张的囊性空肠袢.术前误诊率 87.5%. 16例均行手术治疗,术后 10- 13 d痊愈.经 2- 4年随访,均无疝复发.结论 PDH误诊率高,积极手术探查是正确诊断和治疗成功的关键.     

Laparoscopic repair of a paraduodenal hernia

Paraduodenal hernias have traditionally been treated by conventional laparotomy. We report the first case of a left paraduodenal hernia treated laparoscopically. A 44-year-old man was admitted with abdominal pain and nausea. Computed tomography and an upper gastrointestinal series with small-bowel followthrough showed accumulation of the small bowel on the left side of the abdomen. A laparoscopic repair was performed. The small bowel was observed beneath a thin hernia capsule. Approximately 1.5 m of jejunum was easily reduced into the abdominal cavity. The hernia orifice (5-cm diameter) was closed intracorporeally with five interrupted sutures. Good exposure of the operative field is critical to this procedure; poor exposure may limit the applicability of the laparoscopic approach. This minimally invasive operation is currently indicated in nonobstructive paraduodenal hernias, especially on the left. Received: 7 October 1996/Accepted: 11 April 1997     

A case of a paraduodenal hernia

Paraduodenal hernias are rare hernias that result from error of rotation of the mid-gut. It can be discovered incidentally at laparotomy, seen on radiological imagining or infrequently cause intestinal obstruction. We report a case of a left paraduodenal hernia diagnosed intraoperatively after being operated on in the emergency setting for generalized peritonitis. He required resection of multiple loops of small bowel with primary anastomosis. The mouth of the sac was obliterated by suture apposition to the posterior wall. The patient was discharged on day 4 after an uneventful recovery.     

Volvulus of the small intestine caused by right paraduodenal hernia: a case report

This report describes a very rare case of right paraduodenal hernia presenting as volvulus of nonherniated small intestine. A 12-year-old boy presented with sudden onset of lower abdominal pain, and emergency laparotomy was performed on a diagnosis of small intestinal obstruction. Laparotomy confirmed right paraduodenal hernia and volvulus of the small intestine out of the hernia sac.     

Laparoscopic repair of a right paraduodenal hernia in a child.

Paraduodenal hernias are infrequently occurring rotational anomalies. We report a case of a right paraduodenal hernia repaired via laparoscopy, which occurred in a 13-year-old boy.     

Laparoscopic management of paraduodenal hernias: mesh and mesh-less repairs. A report of four cases

Background  Paraduodenal hernias are the most common form of internal hernias. There are few reports in the literature, with the total number of reported cases being less than 500. We report four patients with paraduodenal hernias causing intestinal obstruction. Materials and methods  All of the four patients with paraduodenal hernias presented with features of intestinal obstruction. A clinical diagnosis was not made in any of the cases, and computed tomography (CT) scanning was performed to confirm this. They were all successfully managed by a laparoscopic repair. Results  The operating time was 55–72 mins. Postoperatively, three patients recovered uneventfully, while one patient had ileus for 3 days and, thereafter, recovered spontaneously. Hospital stay was in the range 2–6 days. There were no conversions. One patient had recurrent paraduodenal hernia, for which a laparoscopic mesh repair was successfully performed. Discussion  The mechanism of the herniation is thought to be a defective rotation of the superior mesenteric vein during embryonic development. Paraduodenal hernias are not high on the list of differentials for bowel obstruction. Some form of surgery is mandatory for all cases. The inferior mesenteric vein has to be sacrificed in some cases to facilitate reduction of the hernia contents. A mesh repair is reserved for large defects and recurrent hernias. Laparoscopic repair has been infrequently reported in the literature. Based on our experience, the laparoscopic approach seems to be effective in the repair of paraduodenal hernias. It carries all of the benefits of minimal access surgery, while providing a sound repair.     

Laparoscopic Repair of a Right Paraduodenal Hernia

Background and Objectives:

Right paraduodenal hernia (PDH) results from a primitive gut malrotation. The resultant jejunal mesenteric defect posterior to the superior mesenteric vessels allows decompressed jejunum to herniate retroperitoneally. PDH make up 53% of all internal hernias, but account for only 0.2% to 5.8% of all cases of intestinal obstruction. In addition, PDH exhibits male and left-sided predominance. Ours is the second report to describe the preoperative diagnosis and totally laparoscopic repair of a right PDH.

Methods:

We report the case of a 26-year-old female with symptoms suggestive of partial small bowel obstruction and a 6-year history of intermittent abdominal pain. Physical examination demonstrated lower quadrant tenderness. Plain abdominal radiographs and ultrasonography were nondiagnostic. Contrasted computed tomography of the abdomen revealed jejunum encased within the right upper quadrant suspicious for right PDH.

Results:

The patient underwent successful laparoscopic right PDH repair and was discharged home on postoperative day 1 without late sequelae.

Conclusions:

In the outpatient setting, clinical suspicion and comprehensive radiological investigation permit preoperative diagnosis of right PDH. In acute situations, clinical presentation, plain radiographs, and then diagnostic laparoscopy may be an expeditious diagnostic algorithm. Subsequent laparoscopic repair of right PDH is feasible and may shorten hospital length of stay.     

Computed tomography diagnosis of symptomatic right paraduodenal hernia associated with enteric duplication cyst

Paraduodenal hernias rarely present with symptoms in children. We report a case of a right paraduodenal hernia associated with enteric duplication cyst that caused intestinal suboclussion in a 9-month-old female infant. Paraduodenal hernia was detected by contrast-enhanced computed tomography. In a review of the English-published literature, we have not found other reports of the association of paraduodenal hernia and enteric duplication cyst. A high index of suspicion is required for detecting paraduodenal hernias in children, and abdominal computed tomography is the most specific imaging study for their preoperative diagnosis.     

Laparoscopic management of left paraduodenal hernia

Internal herniation of small bowel accounts for about 1% of all the patients with intestinal obstruction. Fifty percent of the patients with paraduodenal hernia will have bowel obstruction. Left paraduodenal hernia resulting from abnormal rotation of the midgut during embryonic development is the most common form of congenital internal hernia. A case of a young male presenting with chronic abdominal pain due to left paraduodenal hernia is being reported. A correct preoperative diagnosis of left paraduodenal hernia was made on computerised tomography (CT), and the patient was managed by laparoscopic surgery. The role of imaging in preoperative diagnosis is being highlighted with a brief review of literature.     

Treitz’s hernia

Treitz’s hernia is the eponymous name for a paraduodenal hernia. These are rare hernias that arise in the potential spaces and folds of the posterior parietal peritoneum adjacent to the ligament of Treitz. Presentation may be acute with small bowel obstruction or bowel ischaemia, or with chronic intermittent abdominal pain. Treatment is by surgery, due to the high (50%) lifetime risk of obstruction. Here, we present two cases from our own institution and review the literature regarding the embryology, anatomy, cross-sectional imaging and surgery of these fascinating hernias.     

Laparoscopic surgery for left paraduodenal hernia

Paraduodenal hernia is a rare condition but the most common internal hernia. We describe the case of a 51-year-old man who was admitted with a complaint of 2 months' duration of recurrent left lower abdominal pain. Left paraduodenal hernia complicated by bowel malrotation was diagnosed, and the patient underwent laparoscopic surgery since no bowel necrosis was observed. The bowel incarcerated in the hernial sac was reduced, and an Endostitch was used to close the hernial orifice with continuous sutures. The postoperative course was good, and the patient was discharged 7 days after surgery. For paraduodenal hernia without bowel necrosis, particularly a left hernia, reduction of the incarcerated bowel and closure of the hernial orifice are relatively easy in terms of technique, and laparoscopic surgery may be the surgical method of choice because of its minimal invasiveness and aesthetic advantage.     

A massive left paraduodenal fossa hernia as an unusual cause of small bowel obstruction

We present our experience in diagnosing and treating a case of a massive left paraduodenal fossa hernia, containing over 30% of the small bowel, presenting with a history of recurrent incomplete small bowel obstruction.     

Laparoscopic treatment for renal paratransplant hernia: A case report

IntroductionThere are limited reports regarding renal paratransplant hernia (RPH), which is a rare type of internal hernia. Herein, we report a case of successful laparoscopic treatment of RPH.Presentation of caseA kidney transplant recipient presented to our emergency department with a 6-h history of abdominal pain and vomiting. The patient had received a living-related donor kidney transplantation and native nephrectomy in our hospital last year. Computed tomography (CT) confirmed a diagnosis of RPH. We performed laparoscopic exploration, and the findings showed an incarcerated small bowel in the retroperitoneal space through a peritoneal defect. Short laparotomy was performed to resect the non-viable bowel. The peritoneal defect was opened adequately. The patient’s postoperative course was uneventful, with no complications.DiscussionRPH is an uncommon variant of internal hernia, which is a rare surgical complication after kidney transplantation. Early diagnosis and treatment are important once RPH develops. Due to immunosuppression in kidney transplant recipients, typical signs of peritonitis were not observed. This event can be critical to the patient. Laparoscopic surgery has recently become a treatment option for small bowel obstructions. We believe that this surgical procedure is useful for patients with RPH.ConclusionWe report a case of RPH treated laparoscopically. This approach can be a treatment of choice for RPH.     

An unusual case of transverse mesocolic internal hernia with abnormality of both hands and high arched feet

IntroductionAn internal abdominal herniation is the protrusion of a viscus through a normal or abnormal mesenteric or peritoneal aperture. It is a rare cause of small bowel obstruction with a reported incidence of 0.2–0.9%. It can either be acquired through a trauma or surgical procedure or can be related to congenital peritoneal defects. Herniation through transverse mesocolon is very rare.Presentation of caseA case of acute intestinal obstruction due to internal herniation through a congenital rent in transverse mesocolon with rotation of gut approximately 180° around axis of the band. Patient also had bilateral hypoplastic thenar muscles with rudimentary 1st metacarpals and high arched feet. Reduction along with derotation of gut, with closure of the rent in transverse mesocolon and fixation of the caecum to lateral peritoneum was performed.DiscussionThe preoperative diagnosis of mesenteric defect is difficult because of wide range of acute abdominal symptoms, and there are no specific radiographic findings. CT is the most important diagnostic tool is, with 77% accuracy in such cases. Due to the risk of strangulation of the hernial contents, even small internal hernias are dangerous and may be lethal.ConclusionInternal hernia should be suspected in patients with signs and symptoms of intestinal obstruction, particularly in the absence of inflammatory intestinal diseases, external hernia or previous laparotomy. Surgical decision-making is on the basis of clinical findings of intestinal strangulation or ischemia, and emergency laparotomy should be performed without preoperative diagnosis of such a rare disease.