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髁突软骨生长与适应性改建过程中的软骨生成和新骨形成这两个过程可为众多的生长因子所调控.这些因子在软骨形成中参与细胞增殖、分化、成熟;在新骨形成中参与成骨转化.本文就髁突软骨生长与适应性改建过程中相关生长因子的研究进展作一简单综述. 相似文献
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咬合前导矫治器引发的髁突软骨改建的定量评价 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
目的 考察咬合前导矫治器引发的下颌前伸导致的髁突软骨改建及其与髁突骨改建的关系。方法 选取 1 0 0只同源雌性大鼠 ,分成 5组实验组与 5组对照组。实验组动物每日 2 4小时戴用咬合前导矫正器 ,使下颌前伸。实验组与相应对照组动物分别在 3,7,1 4 ,2 1及 30天时处死并取材。采用最新的LeicaQwin5 5 0IW图象处理系统来定量评价髁突软骨各细胞层的面积变化。结果 (1 )髁突软骨各细胞层面积随下颌前伸而逐渐减少 ;(2 )移行层面积变化较明显 ,在下颌前伸近 2 1天时该层充满成骨细胞 ,第30天时已基本被新骨充盈。结论 以软骨细胞减少为特征的髁突软骨的改建是下颌前伸后髁突增生性改建的基础。 相似文献
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下颌前伸后大鼠下颌髁突适应性生长改建的组织学和组织化学研究 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
应用上颌功能性活动矫治器,引导生长期大鼠下颌前伸,用组织学、粘液组织化学和酶组织化学方法,研究前仲后髁突软骨的组织结构、粘液成份和酶代谢的变化规律。结果显示髁突中、后份软骨生发层增厚,各种粘液物质增多,无氧酵解酶活动增高。表明功能矫形前伸生长期大鼠下颌骨,能刺激髁突中、后份软骨增生,下颌前伸后,髁突前份受压,缺血、缺氧、坏死,软骨被纤维组织取代,髁突发生适应性生长改建。 相似文献
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目的 :研究后牙缺失后髁突顶端改建的特征。方法 :分别拔除 5 4只成年中国家兔左下第一磨牙 ,第二、三磨牙(左侧和双侧 ) ,全部磨牙 (左侧和双侧 ) ,于术后 2周、1月和 3月对双侧关节进行常规组织学检查。结果 :在缺牙后的不同时间段 ,各实验组髁突顶端均出现了细胞成分和排列的改变 ,甚至发生形变 ,但与观察时间和缺牙数目无明显关系 ,病变以单侧多数后牙缺失的较明显 ,其组织变化方式与有增殖层的区域不同。结论 :髁突顶端的改建主要与下颌运动方式的改变有关 ,负荷的加大只起间接的作用 ;其组织特征决定了该处易发生形变 相似文献
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目的 探讨不同年龄段兔下颌骨髁突软骨的生理特征变化。方法 选取1、4、12和32周龄健康雌性新西兰大白兔各3只,脱钙处理后进行5 μm 连续切片,苏木精-伊红染色。分别对关节盘所覆盖的髁突表面纤维软骨区域软骨各层厚度进行测量分析。采用SPSS19.0软件包对数据进行统计学处理。结果 髁突软骨全层(P=0.008)、成熟层(P=0.008)和肥大层(P=0.007)在1周和4周组间厚度显著下降,在4~32周内厚度变化不明显。连续各组之间纤维层和增殖层厚度无显著改变;32周组纤维层厚度显著高于1周组(P=0.024)。结论 兔髁突软骨全层、成熟层和肥大层在1~4周内明显变薄,成骨活性大于成软骨活性,为下颌骨生长发育的重要阶段;在4~32周内各层厚度改变不明显,成骨和成软骨活性相对平衡。成年期髁突适应和耐受关节腔微环境变化的能力可能较强。 相似文献
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牙周病、根面龋以及颌面先天畸形和创伤等都会不同程度地导致牙槽骨、牙龈和牙周膜等牙周支持组织缺损。低强度脉冲超声(LIPUS)的温热效应和机械刺激可促进成骨质细胞、成牙本质细胞和牙周膜细胞(PDLC)的生成和分化。PDLC可分化成中胚层细胞谱系,进而生成牙槽骨、牙骨质和牙周膜等牙周组织。碱性磷酸酶(AKP)和骨钙蛋白(OCN)为骨形成或骨分化的晚期标志物,经LIPUS刺激过的PDLC,其AKP活性和OCN的表达皆提高。经LIPUS刺激可减少正畸过程中牙根的吸收,促进修复牙根缺损的成牙骨质细胞的增殖分化和矿化,促进牙周组织伤口愈合和血管生成的结缔组织生长因子的表达,从而加速牙周软组织的愈合。LIPUS刺激在牙周支持组织再生中为一种安全无创的治疗手段,但其最佳刺激强度和治疗时间尚需继续探索。 相似文献
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低强度脉冲超声在颌骨牵张成骨中的应用 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
在颌骨牵张成骨中,缩短治疗时间和促进新骨形成以及设计理想的牵张器一直是研究的热点.超声以其独特的理化性质和生物学作用在医学领域有广泛的应用,尤其是低强度脉冲超声在促进骨愈合中显示出了巨大的潜力,已有学者将其用于牵张成骨中.低强度脉冲超声能促进新骨生成,加快骨组织愈合,缩短治疗时间,减少牵张成骨术的并发症.本文就低强度脉冲超声在颌骨牵张成骨中的作用及其机制作一综述. 相似文献
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目的利用低强度脉冲超声波(LIPUS)辐照Beagle犬下颌前磨牙水平型牙槽骨缺损模型,探讨其促进急性牙槽骨缺损修复的潜在效应。方法选用4只Beagle犬的下颌双侧第三、四前磨牙颊侧区,制备釉牙骨质界下6 mm深的水平型牙槽骨缺损模型。左右两侧随机分为实验组和对照组,实验组采用LIPUS辐照(ISATA 30 mW·cm-2,20 min·d-1),对照组为不开功率源的假辐照。辐照8周后,使用双能X线骨密度仪检测新生牙槽骨骨密度,脱钙骨组织切片观察新生牙槽骨的组织学效应。结果实验组与对照组新生牙槽骨骨密度分别为(0.605 3±0.056 6)g·cm-2、(0.604 7±0.055 2)g·cm-2,2组之间的差异无统计学意义(P=0.983 9)。脱钙骨组织切片苏木精-伊红染色显示实验组新生牙槽骨周边成骨细胞成排排列,数量较多,而对照组成骨细胞散在分布,数量少;Masson染色示实验组新生骨组织中胶原呈鲜红色,成熟度高,而对照组以蓝色为主,可见绿色区域,成熟度偏低。结论LIPUS辐照对急性水平型牙槽骨缺损具有潜在的修复效应。 相似文献
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低强度脉冲超声(LIPUS)是临床常见的物理治疗手段之一,可用于促进骨折愈合以及治疗陈旧性骨不连。局部血管、神经和骨组织密切相关、互相影响,是骨组织再生的重要影响因素。近年来越来越多的数据表明LIPUS不仅能作用于成骨细胞、破骨细胞、间充质干细胞等发挥促成骨效应,还可通过其对血管、神经的作用对骨组织愈合与再生产生一定的积极影响。本文从LIPUS对骨组织的直接作用和LIPUS通过促进血管及神经再生对骨组织的间接作用2个方面,就LIPUS在骨组织再生方面相关分子机制的最新研究进展作一综述,为LIPUS治疗骨相关疾病提供新的思路。 相似文献
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《Journal of cranio-maxillo-facial surgery》2014,42(3):185-193
ObjectivesTo compare bone regeneration between local implantation of statin and low-intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS), and the combination of statin with LIPUS in rabbit nasal bone using histological and immunohistochemical methods.Study design: Thirty-two adult male Japanese white rabbits (age: 12–16 weeks, weight: 2.5–3.0 kg) were used in this study. Two bone circular defects (5 mm in diameter) per rabbit were created in the nasal bone while preserving the nasal membrane. The two defects in each rabbit were filled with 2.5 mg/ml simvastatin in 0.2 ml water with an atelocollagen sponge (ACS) and ACS alone respectively. Sixteen rabbits (32 sides) received the LIPUS application; the remaining 16 rabbits (32 sides) did not. Therefore, the subjects composed of 4 groups, namely, (1) LIPUS + ACS + simvastatin (the LAS group), (2) LIPUS + ACS (the LA group), (3) ACS + simvastatin (the AS group) and (4) ACS alone (the A group). Four animals were killed in each period, at 1, 2, 4 and 8 weeks postoperative. The parts that had been operated on were removed and prepared for histological assessment. The expression of BMP-2 and the bone area ratio were evaluated using histological and immunohistochemical methods.ResultsBone square in the LAS group was significantly larger than that in the AS group after 1 (P < 0.0001) and 2 week (P = 0.0113). The bone square in the LA group was significantly larger than that in the A group after 1 (P < 0.0001) and 2 weeks (P = 0.0090). However, there was no significant difference between the LAS and LA groups. In the number of cells that stained positive for BMP-2, the LAS group was significantly larger than that in the AS group after 1 (P < 0.0001) and 2 weeks (P = 0.0113).ConclusionThis study suggests that bone regeneration can be promoted by LIPUS alone and statin alone, respectively. However the combination use of LIPUS with statin does not differ from LIPUS alone or statin alone. 相似文献
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Low-intensity pulsed ultrasound accelerates periodontal wound healing after flap surgery 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Ikai H Tamura T Watanabe T Itou M Sugaya A Iwabuchi S Mikuni-Takagaki Y Deguchi S 《Journal of periodontal research》2008,43(2):212-216
Background and Objective: A study was conducted to evaluate the effects of low-intensity pulsed ultrasound on wound healing in periodontal tissues after mucoperiosteal flap surgery.
Material and Methods: Bony defects were surgically produced bilaterally at the mesial roots of the mandibular fourth premolars in four beagle dogs. The flaps were repositioned to cover the defects and sutured after scaling and planing of the root surface to remove cementum. The affected area in the experimental group was exposed to low-intensity pulsed ultrasound, daily for 20 min, for a period of 4 wk from postoperative day 1 using a probe, 13 mm in diameter. On the control side, no ultrasound was emitted from the probe placed contralaterally. After the experiment, tissue samples were dissected out and fixed in 10% formalin for histological and immunohistochemical analyses.
Results: The experimental group showed that the processes in regeneration of both cementum and mandibular bone were accelerated by low-intensity pulsed ultrasound compared with the control group. In addition, the expression level of heat shock protein 70 was higher in the gingival epithelial cells of the low-intensity pulsed ultrasound-treated tooth.
Conclusion: Our results suggest that osteoblasts, as well as cells in periodontal ligament and gingival epithelium, respond to mechanical stress loaded by low-intensity pulsed ultrasound, and that ultrasound accelerates periodontal wound healing and bone repair. 相似文献
Material and Methods: Bony defects were surgically produced bilaterally at the mesial roots of the mandibular fourth premolars in four beagle dogs. The flaps were repositioned to cover the defects and sutured after scaling and planing of the root surface to remove cementum. The affected area in the experimental group was exposed to low-intensity pulsed ultrasound, daily for 20 min, for a period of 4 wk from postoperative day 1 using a probe, 13 mm in diameter. On the control side, no ultrasound was emitted from the probe placed contralaterally. After the experiment, tissue samples were dissected out and fixed in 10% formalin for histological and immunohistochemical analyses.
Results: The experimental group showed that the processes in regeneration of both cementum and mandibular bone were accelerated by low-intensity pulsed ultrasound compared with the control group. In addition, the expression level of heat shock protein 70 was higher in the gingival epithelial cells of the low-intensity pulsed ultrasound-treated tooth.
Conclusion: Our results suggest that osteoblasts, as well as cells in periodontal ligament and gingival epithelium, respond to mechanical stress loaded by low-intensity pulsed ultrasound, and that ultrasound accelerates periodontal wound healing and bone repair. 相似文献
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目的:探讨低强度脉冲超声对兔下颌骨缺损早期愈合的促进作用.方法:选用12只大耳白兔随机分为3组,制作双侧下颌骨缺损模型.左侧为实验组,用低强度脉冲超声治疗,1次/d,20 min/次;右侧为对照组,对照组假照射.实验动物分别在第1、2、4周时处死.测定骨密度(BMD);钼靶X线灰度值测量;转化生长因子β1(TGF-β1)免疫组化染色.结果:术后第1周、第2周实验组与对照组的骨密度、免疫组化灰度值(P<0.05)和X线灰度值有显著差异(P<0.01).结论:低强度超声在兔下颌骨缺损早期愈合中起促进作用. 相似文献
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低强度脉冲超声是一种波动形式,也是一种能量形式,以其机械效应和理化效应为作用基础,在体内传播时,可引起生物体系的功能或结构发生变化,有效促进牵张成骨的愈合,缩短治疗时间。笔者就低强度脉冲超声促进牵张成骨愈合的作用机制进行探讨,并对其动物试验、临床应用研究进行总结。作为促进牵张成骨愈合的一种方法,它具有无不良反应,应用简单等优点。 相似文献
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醋酸泼尼松龙对髁突软骨急性损伤后修复的影响 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
目的 研究局部应用糖皮质激素类药物对髁突软骨损伤后修复再生的影响。 方法选用成年雄性大白兔 37只 ,分成 4组。第 1组 :髁突软骨全层损伤后局部应用醋酸泼尼松龙组 ;在兔髁突的前斜面形成直径 2mm的软骨全层缺损 ,局部应用醋酸泼尼松龙 2 5mg。第 2组 :单纯髁突软骨全层损伤组。第 3组 :空白手术对照组。第 4组 :正常对照组。结果 第 1组动物的髁突软骨损伤区骨皮质断端进行性增生 ,术后 12周时 ,原损伤区几乎充满致密骨质 ,表面有纤维组织覆盖。结论 醋酸泼尼松龙可促进髁突软骨损伤后的组织修复 相似文献