全主动脉弓置换加支架象鼻手术治疗DeBakeyⅠ型主动脉夹层动脉瘤

2004年1月至2005年5月,我们对12例DeBakey Ⅰ型主动脉夹层动脉瘤病人应用全主动脉弓置换加支架象鼻技术行主动脉弓全弓置换,现报道如下.     

支架"象鼻"术治疗DeBakey Ⅰ型主动脉夹层动脉瘤

目的 探讨支架"象鼻"手术治疗DeBakey Ⅰ型主动脉夹层动脉瘤(AD)的方法和效果.方法 12例DeBakey Ⅰ型AD患者,平均年龄48.1岁.采用深低温停循环(DHCA),右腋动脉顺行灌注(SCP)脑保护,实施支架"象鼻"手术(即升主动脉和全弓置换及降主动脉腔内支架植入).结果 术后死亡1例,手术死亡率8.3%.术中体外循环时间(163.2±17.7)min,停循环时间(41.6±12.3)min.随访3～6个月,无死亡病例.结论 支架"象鼻"手术简单,停循环时间短,治疗DeBakey I型夹层主动脉瘤安全、有效.     

Bentall术联合全弓置换及支架象鼻手术治疗危重Debakey Ⅰ型主动脉夹层动脉瘤

目的 总结Bentall术同期全弓置换加支架象鼻手术治疗危重Debakey I型主动脉夹层动脉瘤的经验.方法 2005年1月至2007年12月共12例危重Debakey I型主动脉夹层动脉瘤患者接受手术治疗.男性10例,女性2例,平均年龄(40.1±9.5)岁.急性夹层10例,慢性2例.主动脉根部内径平均(5.3±1.8)cm.包括马方综合征4例,主动脉瓣关闭不全12例,持续剧烈胸痛9例,急性左心功能不全8例,心包填塞4例.患者在深低温停循环、低流量选择性脑灌注下行Bentall术+全弓替换+支架象鼻手术.结果 急诊手术9例,从发病到手术完成的时间(41.0±15.9)h.全组心肺转流时间(191±26)min,主动脉阻断时间(134±31)min,深低温停循环时间(50.0±14.5)min.术后死亡1例;出现神志异常6例,偏瘫、偏盲1例,截肢1例,出血二次开胸止血1例,消化道出血1例,胸腔积液2例.11例随访8周～36个月,人工血管通畅无扭曲,支架位置及形态正常,无二次手术病例,1例患者于术后6个月死亡.结论 在充分的器官保护和完善的心肺转流下,Bentall术+全弓置换+支架象鼻手术治疗危重Debakey I型主动脉夹层动脉瘤安全有效.     

"杂交手术"治疗主动脉夹层

目的 总结主动脉夹层病人行人工血管置换同时术中植入血管内支架(即"杂交手术")的外科经验.方法 主动脉夹层6例中急性Standford A型4例,其中破口分别在升主动脉2例、降主动脉1例,升降主动脉均有破口1例.行升主动脉并全弓置换同时术中于降主动脉真腔内置入血管内支架(同时行主动脉瓣成型2例、Bentall手术1例);慢性StaMford B型主动脉夹层2例,均为介入无法完成者,破口较大、均在降主动脉起始部、左锁骨下动脉下方,行近端降主动脉置换同时术中于远端降主动脉真腔内置入血管内支架.术后2周及3个月复查全主动脉螺旋CT,了解胸腹主动脉、人工血管及血管内支架情况.结果 所有病人手术成功,体外循环时间38～228 min(平均92 min).Standford A型夹层升主动脉阻断118～186 min(平均136min)、选择性脑灌注33～68min(平均49min);Standford B型夹层:1例在上、下半身分别停循环22、28 min下完成手术,另1例常温下不停循环、保持下半身灌注完成手术.术后恢复顺利,治愈出院.术后2周及3个月复查主动脉螺旋CT示人工血管血流通畅,血管内支架无内瘘及移位,支架远端主动脉真腔扩大、假腔明显缩小.结论 对于夹层撕裂范围广泛、多破口的主动脉夹层病人,行近端夹层动脉瘤切除、人工血管置换同时在远端真腔内植入血管内支架,是一种安全、有效、经济的手术方法.     

DeBakey Ⅰ型主动脉夹层动脉瘤的血管腔内治疗

目的探讨血管腔内治疗DeBakeyⅠ型主动脉夹层动脉瘤的方法。方法对7例DeBakeyⅠ型主动脉夹层动脉瘤进行血管腔内治疗。7例均行磁共振血管造影、CT和动脉造影检查确诊。内膜撕裂口均位于升主动脉,距冠状动脉开口2．5-6．0cm,距右头臂干开口0．5-4．0cm。2例通过左颈总动脉置入带膜支架,术前行左锁骨下动脉-左颈总动脉间内转流术以保证左颈总动脉血供。5例通过右股总动脉置入带膜支架,其中2例先行左锁骨下动脉-左颈总动脉-右颈总动脉人工血管旁路术。结果全组均手术成功。3例第1枚支架释放后仍有较多内漏,即再放入第2枚支架,交错重叠于第1枚支架内面而成功封闭撕裂口,消灭内漏。除1例术后1个月因急性上消化道大出血死亡外,其余6例存活。6例的假腔均有血栓形成,无内漏,无新的夹层动脉瘤形成。结论DeBakeyⅠ型主动脉夹层动脉瘤的血管腔内治疗是可行、微创和有效的。病例选择应注意撕裂口距冠状动脉开口的距离。     

全主动脉弓置换加支架象鼻手术治疗DeBakeyⅠ型主动脉夹层五例分析

急性主动脉夹层特别是DeBakeyⅠ型,起病急,病情凶猛,48h内病死率高达50%,两周内高达90%.近年来对外科手术治疗主动脉夹层日趋成熟,手术方式也多种多样,如何选择一种安全有效的方式以提高治愈率,降低手术死亡率是心血管外科领域的研究热点.2006年12月至2007年10月,我院对5例DeBakeyⅠ型主动脉夹层患者行全弓置换同期行远端血管内覆膜支架置入术（杂交手术）取得满意疗效,报道如下.     

升主动脉替换联合三分支支架血管术中置入治疗急性A型主动脉夹层

目的 总结升主动脉人工血管替换联合三分支支架血管术中置入治疗急性Stanford A型主动脉夹层的初步经验.方法 2008年6月至2009年9月20例急性A型主动脉夹层病人接受了升主动脉人工血管替换和三分支支架血管置入术.体外循环鼻咽温度降至20℃时,停止下半身灌注,经无名动脉近端升主动脉横断切口,将三分支支架血管置入主动脉弓和近端胸降主动脉真腔内,并将其分支支架血管依次置入左锁骨下动脉、左颈总动脉和无名动脉.将主干支架血管的近端与无名动脉近端的升主动脉切口重建后与替换近端升主动脉的人工血管端端吻合.结果 所有病人术中均顺利地置入三分支支架血管,平均体外循环(163.2±19.2)min,主动脉阻断(89.4±10.0)min,低流量选择性脑灌注和下半身缺血(32.7±6.6)min.术后出现短暂性神智障碍1例,急性肾功能衰竭1例.20例均治愈出院.术后3个月电子束CT检查结果示,主干支架血管及分支支架血管通畅、无扭曲;支架血管置入部位夹层假腔闭合;16例远端胸降主动脉夹层假腔闭合.结论 三分支支架血管术中置入是简化急性主动脉夹层者主动脉弓重建、提高手术安全性的一种有效方法.主要适应证为弓内内膜无破口而需主动脉弓重建的急性A型主动脉夹层病人.支架血管大小、分支支架血管间的距离选择和放置过程中避免内膜损伤是术中三分支支架血管成功放置的关键.

Abstract：

Objective To report the primary experience of open placement of triple-branched stent graft for acute Stanford type A aortic dissection. Methods Between June 2008 and September 2009, 20 well-selected patients with acute Stanford type A aortic dissection underwent open placement of triple-branched stent graft for total arch reconstruction. When core cooling to a 20℃ nasophageal temperature, perfusion to the lower body was discontinued and the ascending aorta was transected at the base of the innominate artery. Through a transverse incision, the triple-branched stent graft was inserted into the true lumen of the arch and descending aorta, and each side arm of the stent graft was positioned one by one into the arch branches.The transected stump of the ascending aorta was reconstructed by inner proximal stent-free dacron tube of the main graft and outer teflon felt, and subsequently continuous anastomosis to the 1-branched dacron tube graft was made. Results Open placement of triple-branched stent graft was technically successful in all patients. The mean cardiopulmonary bypass time, aortic cross-clamp time and lower body arrest time were (163.2 ±19.2) min, (89.4 ±10.0) min and (32. 7 ±6. 6)min, respectively. Transient postoperative neurological dysfunction was observed in 1 patient and acute renal failure in 1 patient. All patients were discharged from the hospital. Their computed tomographic scans at 3 months postoperatively showed that all stent grafts were fully opened without distortion. In the vascular stent implantation site the dissected false lumen was eliminated. The false lumen of the descending aorta distal to the stent graft was closed with thrombus in 16 cases. Conclusion Open placement of triple-branched stent graft is a new effective technique for total arch reconstruction in acute type A aortic dissection. Patients have the indications of the extensive primary repair of the thoracic aorta without primary intimal tears in the arch may be the best candidates for this new technique. The size of the stent graft, the distances between two neighboring side arm grafts and the prevention of the intimal trauma during the placement are crucial for successful open placement of triple-branched stent graft.     

改良全弓置换加支架象鼻术在DeBakeyⅠ型主动脉夹层术中的应用

目的 总结改良主动脉全弓置换加支架象鼻术治疗DeBakey Ⅰ型主动脉夹层的临床经验.方法 2006年1月至2010年10月,101例DeBakey Ⅰ型主动脉夹层患者接受改良全弓置换加支架象鼻术,其中急诊手术73例.全组男性76例,女性25例;年龄21～77岁,平均(49±8)岁.手术包括升主动脉置换术31例、Bentall术29例、Wheat术7例、David术34例.支架象鼻术的同时行左锁骨下动脉开窗以重建血运.在深低温停循环时改行双侧顺行脑灌注下完成脑保护.结果 手术改良后平均心肺转流时间(212±40)min,平均心肌阻断时间(95±16)min,平均停循环时间(42±8)min.手术死亡1例,住院死亡5例,分别死于感染败血症、急性肾功能衰竭、偏瘫并发多器官功能衰竭.双侧脑灌注后脑血管意外和短暂脑神经功能障碍的发生率低于选择性脑灌注.76例患者出院前复查主动脉CT血管造影,人工血管无扭曲,血流通畅,胸降主动脉夹层假腔闭合率为78.9%.71例随访5～49个月,其中50例复查CT血管造影,胸降主动脉夹层假腔闭合率为88.0%,无晚期死亡及再次手术者.结论 改良的全弓置换加支架象鼻术治疗DeBakey Ⅰ型主动脉夹层安全、有效,可减少术后并发症.

Abstract：

Objective To summarize the clinical study of modified total aortic arch replacement and stent elephant trunk technique treatment to patients with DeBakey Ⅰ thoracic aortic dissection. Methods From January 2006 to October 2010, 101 cases of DeBakey Ⅰ aortic dissection were treated by modified total arch replacement and stent elephant trunk technique, in which emergency surgery for 73 cases. There were 76 male and 25 female patients, aged from 21 to 77 years with a mean of(49 ±8)years. Intraoperative ascending aortic replacement in 31 cases, Bentall procedure in 29 cases, Wheat procedure in 7 cases, David procedure in 34 cases. At the same time stent elephant trunk in the left subclavian artery corresponding position was windowed to rebuild the blood supply. Deep hypothermic circulatory arrest cerebral protection was completed by bilateral antegrade cerebral perfusion. Results The mean cardiopulmonary bypass time was(212 ±40)min, mean myocardial occlusion time was(95 ± 16)min, mean circulatory arrest time was (42 ±8)min. Operative mortality was 1 case and hospital mortality was 5 case, which died of septicemia,acute renal failure and hemiplegia complicated with multiple organ failure. Compared with selective cerebral perfusion, the incidence of postoperative cerebral vascular accident and transient neurological dysfunction decreased. Seventy-six cases received aorta CTA before discharged, the closure rate of descending thoracic aortic dissection false lumen was 78. 9%. Seventy-one patients were followed up for 5 to 49 months, 50cases was reviewed by CTA, of which closure rate of descending thoracic aortic dissection false lumen was 88.0%, no late death and re-surgery. Conclusions The modified total aortic arch replacement and stent elephant trunk technique treatment for patients with DeBakey Ⅰ thoracic aortic dissection was safe and effective, with less postoperative complications.     

全主动脉弓置换加支架象鼻手术治疗A型主动脉夹层

目的介绍全主动脉弓置换加支架象鼻手术治疗A型主动脉夹层的方法,总结其治疗经验。方法2007年1月至2008年11月,采用四分支人工血管行全主动脉弓置换加覆膜支架象鼻手术治疗A型主动脉夹层10例,其中急性夹层8例,慢性2例。10例均在深低温停循环及选择性脑灌注下完成手术,对5例合并主动脉瓣中至重度关闭不全的患者同期行Bentall手术,余5例行升主动脉置换术。结果1例于术后26d因多器官功能衰竭死亡;余9例均顺利康复出院,无严重神经系统并发症。术后随访2～25个月,均生存,心功能Ⅰ～Ⅱ级。结论采用四分支人工血管行全主动脉弓置换加覆膜支架象鼻手术是治疗A型夹层的有效手术方式,手术操作技术和脑保护措施是决定手术效果的关键。     

主动脉腔内隔绝术治疗DeBakey III型主动脉夹层动脉瘤：附63例报告

目的：分析主动脉腔内隔绝术（EVAR）治疗DeBakey III型主动脉夹层动脉瘤的临床效果。 方法：回顾性分析2008—2014年采取EVAR手术治疗的63例DeBakey III型主动脉夹层动脉瘤患者临床资料,总结EVAR的手术方法、手术成功率、术后夹层假腔直径的变化。 结果：DeBakey III型主动脉夹层动脉瘤63例置入支架66个,其中有3例患者分别置入支架2枚,平均手术时间（159.1±21.7）min,手术中出现3例内漏,其中1例患者出现极少量内漏、术后CTA复查未发现,1例在支架置入后发现近端内漏、1例患者发现支架远端内漏,分别予以增加支架封堵,术后CTA复查仍然存在少许内漏;全组手术的技术成功率95.24%（60/63）,临床成功率为92.06%（58/63）;患者术后6个月左锁骨下动脉真腔开口直径、近端破口真腔水平直径mm、瘤体最大真腔直径、膈肌水平真腔最大直径均较术前明显增大（均P<0.05）,假腔大直径测定值均较术前明显减小（均P<0.05）,整体腔径最大值差异均无统计学意义（均P>0.005）。 结论：EVAR治疗DeBakey III型主动脉夹层动脉瘤效果显著,安全可靠。     

Stanford A型主动脉夹层外科手术方法和疗效

目的探讨Stanfond A型主动脉夹层的手术方法，评价其疗效。方法回顾分析手术治疗108例Stanford A型主动脉夹层的临床资料，其中急诊手术53例，择期手术55例；深低温停循环（DHCA）下手术85例。手术包括升主动脉和半弓部置换或全弓置换（附加降主动脉支架人工血管置入术）以及“象鼻”手术；同期行弓部或降主动脉近端破口修补术、Bentall手术、主动脉瓣置换手术、Cabrol或改良Cabrol手术、主动脉瓣悬吊成形术、二尖瓣成形或二尖瓣置换术、三尖瓣环缩成形术和冠状动脉旁路移植术。结果住院死亡7例（6．5％），其中急诊手术死亡4例（7．5％），择期手术死亡3例（5．4％）。101例出院，96例随访1个月-13．3年，平均（3．2±1．3）年，晚期死亡2例，再次手术3例。结论Stanford A型的手术方法依病变部位不同而不同，准确掌握手术适应证，完善手术技术，加强术后处理，可以取得更好的手术效果。     

DeBakeyⅢ型主动脉夹层动脉瘤病人的护理

对28例主动脉夹层动脉瘤(DAA)病人进行临床观察与护理.认为血压、脉搏的监测是DAA护理的重要环节;病人血压突然升高,应警惕瘤体破裂;而四肢血液循环、泌尿系统、神经系统、瘤体破裂诱因的观察则能及时发现病情变化.     

"杂交"手术治疗DeBakey Ⅰ型主动脉夹层

目的 总结应用无深低温停循环的升主动脉置换、升主动脉-主动脉弓分支血管旁路、腔内隔绝的"杂交"手术治疗DeBakey Ⅰ型主动脉夹层的方法和经验.方法 2009年1月至2010年6月,39例、平均年龄(55±16)岁的DeBakey Ⅰ型主动脉夹层病人进行无深低温停循环的"杂交"手术.病人经股动脉、右腋动脉插管灌注,先于常规体外循环下行升主动脉和主动脉瓣置换,再采用四分支人工血管、"Y"形人工血管或单根人工血管行升主动脉-主动脉弓分支血管旁路手术,再经股动脉逆行径路数字减影血管造影(DSA)下或术中顺行径路食管超声定位下行主动脉弓-降主动脉腔内隔绝术.结果 全组均手术成功,升主动脉处理时8例行单纯升主动脉人工血管置换,20例行Bentall手术(其中冠状动脉移位采用Carbrol法11例),11例行Wheat手术;升主动脉-主动脉弓分支血管旁路手术采用四分支人工血管16例、"Y"形人工血管15例、单根人工血管序贯法8例;主动脉弓-降主动脉腔内隔绝术采用DSA下股动脉逆行径路36例,术中人工血管分支顺行径路3例,均使用1枚支架.体外循环(61±22)min,主动脉阻断(48±18)min.术后(30±9)h拔除气管插管,24 h胸液小于300 ml,无偏瘫、截瘫、严重感染、凝血障碍等并发症.所有病人均治愈出院,平均术后(21±6)天出院.术后随访1～15个月,平均(8.4±7.2)个月,病人均健康生存,无脏器功能不全.术后3个月行CT主动脉血管成像检查,显示膈肌水平假腔闭合率为91.2%.结论 常温体外循环下升主动脉置换、升主动脉-弓部血管旁路、腔内隔绝的"杂交"手术治疗DeBakey Ⅰ型主动脉夹层,简化了DeBakey Ⅰ型主动脉夹层外科治疗方法,该手术方法避免了深低温停循环,减少了术后并发症,提高了外科治疗效果.

Abstract：

Objective Some major procedures for DeBakey type Ⅰ aortic dissection used to be performed with deep hypothermic circulatory arrest, which had been associated with more complications than seen with standard extracorporeal circulation. We reviewed the cases who received the treatment for DeBakey type Ⅰ aortic dissection by hybrid procedure without deep hypothermic circulatory arrest. The procedure consisted of ascending aorta replacement, ascending aorta-aortic arch branch vascular bypass reconstruction and endovascular graft exclusion. Methods From January 2009 to June 2010, 39 patients [mean age (55 ±16) years] who had DeBakey Ⅰ aortic dissection underwent hybrid procedure without deep hypothermic circulatory arrest. The femoral artery and right axillary artery were cannulated for perfusion. The ascending aorta and/or aortic valves were replaced under conventional extracorporeal circulation with Bentall procedure or Wheat procedure. The aortic arch branch vessels were dissected and the proximal part was sealed. Then the ascending aorta-aortic arch branch vascular bypasses were constructed with 4-bifurcation vascular grafts, Y-shape bifurcated vascular grafts or artificial vessels. Finally the endovascular grafts were deployed via the femoral incisions monitored dynamically with DSA, or via the ascending aortic bifurcated vessels monitored with transesophageal echocardiography. Results The operation succeeded in all 39 patients. Eight patients underwent ascending aorta replacement without aortic valve replacement or prosthesis, 20 patients underwent Bentall procedure ( Carbrol procedure were used in 11 cases), and 11 underwent Wheat procedure. For ascending aorta-aortic branch vascular bypass reconstruction, sequential anastomoses were performed in 8, Y-shaped bifurcated grafts were used in 15, and 4-bifurcated grafts were employed in 16 patients. The endovascular stent grafts were deployed via the former femoral incisions in 36 patients and via ascending aortic bifurcated vessels in 3. The cardiopulmonary bypass time was (61 ±22) minutes, the aortic crossclamp time was (48 ±18) minutes, and the post-operative intubation time was (30 ±9) hours. The thoracic drainage from each patient was less than 300 ml in 24 hours. No complication, such as hemiplegia, paraplegia, severe infections, renal failure or coagulation disorder, was observed. The duration of hospitalization was (21 ±6) days. No hospital death occurred. Follow-up was performed 1 to 15 months [mean (8.4 ±7.2) months] postoperatively. All patients survived without any organ dysfunction at follow up. The CTA examination 3 months after operation revealed that the false lumens had been closed in 91.2% of the patients. Conclusion Our findings indicated that the hybrid procedure, which combining ascending aorta replacement,ascending aorta-aortic arch branch vascular bypass reconstruction and endovascular graft exclusion under conventional extracorporeal circulation, may be an option for avoiding the possible complications associated with profound hypothermic circulatory arrest. The novel hybrid operation may improve the surgical outcomes and provide a simplified surgical approach for the treatment of DeBakey Ⅰ aortic dissection.     

腔内修复术治疗胸主动脉夹层动脉瘤

目的 探讨应用支架人工血管行腔内修复术治疗胸主动脉夹层动脉瘤的临床效果.方法 回顾性分析采用腔内修复术治疗胸主动脉夹层动脉瘤32例患者的临床资料.男26例,女6例;平均年龄61岁.术前根据CTA结果 确诊,并对病变部位及解剖条件进行评估.手术在DSA监控下进行,全麻或局麻,应用Telent 8例(美敦力公司),国产支架24例(2例上海微创,22例北京裕恒佳).结果 7例破口距左锁骨下动脉开口＜1.0 cm,3例将覆膜支架跨过左锁骨下动脉开口将其封闭后,夹层动脉瘤消失,无上肢及脑缺血症状.治愈31例,死亡1例.31例夹层动脉瘤患者随访3～56个月均健在,其中5例CTA复查有内漏存在.结论 EVAR手术为夹层动脉瘤的治疗开辟了一个新的方法 ,具有比传统手术并发症少、病死率低等优点.在Stanford B型夹层动脉瘤的治疗中,EVAR可代替传统的开胸手术.     

胸主动脉腔内修复术后再发Stanford A型主动脉夹层的外科治疗

目的:探讨胸主动脉腔内修复术（TEVAR）后再发Stanford A型主动脉夹层（A型夹层）的外科治疗经验。方法:回顾性分析2012年2月至2020年1月河南省胸科医院心血管外科收治的58例TEVAR术后再发A型夹层患者的资料。男性40例,女性18例,年龄（57.0±6.7）岁（范围：31~71岁）。术后再发A型夹层距...     

外科治疗DeBakey Ⅲ型主动脉夹层动脉瘤17例

2000年1月至2004年12月我们对17例DeBakeyⅢ型主动脉夹层动脉瘤病人进行了手术治疗,现总结报道如下.     

Stanford B型主动脉夹层的外科治疗

目的 总结外科治疗Stanford B型主动脉夹层的初步效果和临床经验,分析影响再次手术的危险因素.方法 2009年2月至2011年12月,81例Stanford B型主动脉夹层患者接受外科手术治疗,其中男54例,女27例;年龄19～77岁,平均(41.6±11.7)岁.合并高血压48例,马方综合征15例,主动脉根部瘤7例,主动脉窦部扩张、升主动脉扩张、主动脉缩窄各1例.其中二次手术18例,三次手术4例.对再次手术的相关危险因素进行logistic回归分析.结果 主动脉弓部替换加支架象鼻手术(孙氏手术)16例,同期Bentall手术7例,升主动脉替换2例,David手术1例,冠状动脉旁路移植手术1例;胸腹主动脉替换31例;支架象鼻术24例,同期左锁骨下动脉左颈总动脉转流5例,主动脉瓣置换+升主动脉成形3例,左锁骨下动脉重建2例,双瓣置换1例,升主动脉降主动脉人工血管转流1例;胸降主动脉替换9例;内漏修补1例.术后2例死于出血致多脏器功能衰竭,均为全胸腹主动脉替换患者,住院病死率2.5％(2/81例).术后并发症发生率7.4％(6/81例),其中二次开胸止血3例,呼吸功能不全气管切开1例,术后食管瘘开胸探查+空肠造瘘1例,声音嘶哑1例.全组无截瘫及卒中.Logistic回归分析表明,马方综合征是再次手术的危险因素.结论 外科治疗StanfordB型主动脉夹层早期效果满意,中、远期结果需进一步随访.马方综合征是需要再次手术干预的危险因素.     

覆膜支架主动脉腔内修复治疗主动脉夹层78例

目的探讨主动脉夹层腔内修复术的疗效。方法2001年6月至2005年5月,行覆膜支架腔内修复治疗主动脉夹层78例。男71例,女7例;年龄31～80岁,平均(52.7±12.3)岁。StanfordB型76例,StanfordA型2例。术后随访1～47个月,平均(13.0±10.1)个月。建立数据库,分析其临床特点及疗效。结果近端内漏5例;升主动脉夹层5例,其中1例术中发生,4例分别在术后1、7d、5、13个月发生。术后30d内死亡4例(5.1%),2例死于升主动脉夹层破裂,1例死于急性肾功能衰竭,1例死于脑出血。术中脑梗塞1例。5例病人因覆膜支架远端再发现破口,行二次腔内修复术。1例因内漏行二次腔内修复术。随访期死亡3例(3.8%),分别死于消化道出血、升主动脉夹层破裂和死因不明。结论覆膜支架腔内修复术是治疗主动脉夹层的有效方法,但远期效果还有待进一步观察。     

腔内修复术治疗胸腹主动脉夹层动脉瘤

目的 介绍血管内支架技术治疗胸腹主动脉夹层动脉瘤的经验。方法 对2000年10月－2001年6月间6例胸腹主动脉夹层动脉瘤的治疗经过进行回顾性分析。结果 6例均为男性,年龄42－72岁。Standford A型胸腹主动脉夹层动脉瘤1例,B型5例。其中5例经行腔内人工血管支架修复成功,1例中转腹主动脉夹层开窗手术。术后1例发生髂外动脉夹层破裂,行腹主动脉夹层开窗人工血管移植术;1例术后3d因严重心肌梗塞抢救无效死亡。5例随访1－9个月,情况良好。结论 腔内人工血管治疗主动脉夹层动脉瘤简化了手术操作,减小了手术风险。腹主动脉夹层开窗手术是治疗主动脉夹层的辅助手段。     

急性B型主动脉夹层的腔内治疗

目的 讨论腔内修复术(endovascular repair,EVR)对治疗急性B型主动脉夹层(acuteaortic dissection,AAD)的安全性及有效性.方法 回顾性分析2002年2月至2008年3月收治的39例急性B型主动脉夹层患者的临床资料.EVR按常规方法进行,2例需覆盖左颈总动脉而行旁路术,其中1例同时无名动脉支架型血管(stent graft,SG)开窗术;1例因肢体严重缺血同期行左下肢截肢术.13例完全覆盖左锁骨下动脉,1例覆盖迷走右锁骨下动脉,5例部分覆盖左锁骨下动脉(leftsubclavian artery,LSA).术后全部病例均经CTA(computer tomography angiography)随访,并监测支架覆盖段(Ll)及支架远端(L2)主动脉段的假腔变化.结果 所有支架释放到预定位置;30 d死亡率10.3%.术后1个月L段假腔血栓率100%,完全血栓率77.8%(21/27例),部分血栓率22.2%(6/27例),其中18.5%(5/27例)达到血栓完全吸收、主动脉重塑;L2段假腔血栓率28%,完全血栓率8%(2/25例),部分血栓率20%(5/25例).结论 急性B型主动脉夹层腔内修复术治疗效果肯定,30 d内死亡主要与术前伴随的并发症有关.