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临床实践和研究表明,随着癌症治疗技术的发展,癌症患者生存期逐渐延长,癌症患者在疾病发展过程中往往要经历疾病本身或治疗引起的多种症状。以往大部分研究仅仅聚焦于单一症状,有研究学者发现实际癌症患者平均经历11—13种同时发生的症状,并且某些特定的症状相互影响, 相似文献
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目的:了解癌症晚期患者症状群的发生及分布特点,以期为首要症状群建立一种简单有效的护理干预模式。方法:采用M.D.Anderson症状评估量表(MDASI)中文版对200例癌症晚期住院患者进行问卷调查,使用主成分分析法(Principal Component Analysis,PCA)对全部13个症状进行检验,从而找出癌症晚期患者的常见症状群,整个样本的充足度使用Kaiser-Meyer-Oklin测量法来检验。结果:通过PCA分析发现3个常见症状群,其中首要症状群为:疼痛-苦恼-疲乏,另外两个症状群为:恶心-食欲不振-呕吐以及睡眠不安-健忘-悲伤。结论:癌症晚期患者存在着不同的症状群,首要症状群发生率最高,对患者影响最大,关注这些常见症状群的发生和发展有助于对晚期癌症患者进行综合的护理干预。 相似文献
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目的了解癌症患者疾病发展和治疗过程中的相关症状,探讨其症状群种类和数量.方法使用中文版安德森症状评估量表对155例住院癌症患者进行调查,采用探索性因子分析法统计症状群.结果癌症患者发生率高的症状依次是疲乏、口干、睡眠不安.严重程度症状依次为食欲下降、呕吐、疲乏和睡眠不安.Spearman相关分析显示,除气短与食欲下降、呕吐之间相关性无统计学意义(P>0.05)之外,其余各症状之间相关性均具有统计学意义且均存在正相关关系(P<0.05).探索性因子分析得出3个症状群,分别为疾病行为症状群、上消化道症状群、心理症状群.各症状群的Cronbach’sα系数分别为0.69、0.83、0.75.结论癌症患者存在多种症状群,对癌症患者应探索以症状群为基础的干预模式,以求能够产生更好的临床效果,提高癌症患者的生存质量. 相似文献
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目的 通过对癌症患者症状群相关概念及管理措施的综述,旨在为以后针对癌症患者不同症状群采用不同干预措施的有效性研究提供思路和依据。方法 检索国内外有关癌症症状群研究的文献,从症状群的定义、构成数量、前哨症状、核心症状及目前的非药物管理措施等方面进行综述。认为当前癌症患者症状群的管理措施主要有:认知行为疗法、心理教育干预、运动干预、中医技术及综合管理。结果 症状群的定义和构成数量尚未统一标准,前哨症状与核心症状是症状群研究的创新点;目前国内对于症状群的干预效果尚缺少高质量的研究。结论 对癌症患者症状群的干预效果研究仍是今后研究的热点和趋势,应总结现有研究方法的不足,积极探索适合癌症患者各症状群的干预措施,达到更好地改善癌症患者预后、提高生活质量的目标。 相似文献
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恶性肿瘤是严重威胁妇女健康和生命的主要疾病之一,主要包括各种类型的子宫及其附件肿瘤。目前,手术仍是治疗妇科恶性肿瘤患者尤其是早期患者的第一选择[1],围手术期间肿瘤本身以及治疗常给患者带来严重的症状负担,对妇女身体健康和生命质量造成巨大威胁。快速康复外科(enhanced recovery after surgery,ERAS)是采用有循证医学证据证明有效的围术期处理措施,减轻手术创伤的应激反应,从而达到加速康复的目的[2]。快速精准进行围手术期症状识别与管理,制订科学有效的治疗与护理措施,能使广大妇科恶性肿瘤患者获益。症状的识别与管理离不开准确可靠的评估工具。近年来国外对妇科恶性肿瘤症状评估工具的研究较多,而我国相关研究尚处于起步阶段。 相似文献
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ObjectiveTo develop an evidence-based tai chi intervention protocol for managing the fatigue-sleep disturbance-depression symptom cluster (FSDSC) in breast cancer (BC) patients.MethodsThe Medical Research Council (MRC) Framework for Developing and Evaluating Complex Interventions (the MRC framework) was utilized to guide the study design. This study focused on Phase І of the MRC framework—the development of the intervention—to develop an evidence-based tai chi intervention protocol for managing the FSDSC in BC patients based on existing research evidence, theories, practice standards/guidelines, and experts’ consensus. An extensive literature search was performed to identify current systematic reviews, theories, and practice standards/guidelines that can be utilized to inform the intervention dosage and techniques of tai chi and practice instructions. Content validity assessment was also conducted to assess the content validity of the tai chi protocol through expert panel consensus. The content validity index (CVI) was calculated to identify whether the intervention required further refinement.ResultsThe components of the tai chi protocol were identified by current research evidence and relevant practice standards/guidelines, including the selection of an appropriate tai chi modality and intensity and the duration of the intervention. The Easy 8 form Yang-style tai chi was selected based on the guidelines of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network, the American College of Sports Medicine, and China’s State Commission for Physical Culture and Sports. The intensity and duration of the tai chi intervention were scheduled, respectively, twice per week, with each session lasting about one hour, for eight weeks based on the current systematic review evidence on traditional Chinese exercise for the alleviation of cancer-related symptoms. The practise techniques of tai chi were identified from practise standards released by the State Sport General Administration of China. All the items in the tai chi protocol were determined to be content valid after the first round of rating, with all item-level CVIs at 1.00. The scale-level CVI for the tai chi protocol was also identified as excellent, at 1.00.ConclusionAn evidence-based tai chi program for managing the FSDSC in BC patients was developed by following the MRC framework. The results provided a clear specification of the tai chi intervention protocol for healthcare professionals and researchers in the next phase of the study—pilot testing the tai chi intervention protocol for FSDSC management through a preliminary randomized controlled trial. 相似文献
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The concept of symptom cluster 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Barsevick AM 《Seminars in Oncology Nursing》2007,23(2):89-98
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帕金森病是仅次于阿尔茨海默病的第二大常见的神经退行性疾病,以运动障碍为主要特征,严重影响患者日常活动和生活自理能力,增加家庭及社会负担。因此,探究帕金森病康复治疗手段至关重要。作者整理了帕金森病患者最新的康复治疗方法,分析其对运动和非运动症状的影响。 相似文献