Dieulafoy病临床特点及内镜下诊治研究

 目的 总结Dieulafoy病的临床特点、内镜表现及治疗预后,提高对该病的诊治水平.方法 调查1995～2009年非静脉曲张上消化道大出血患者,分析确诊为Dieulafoy病12例的临床表现及内镜诊治情况.结果 (1)患者近期无上腹痛病史,出血前均有诱因;(2)发病急,呕血便血量大,有休克或血容量不足的表现;(3)病变部位胃内占75%,内镜下表现为喷血、滴血、血凝块附着、病变中央呈火柴头样血管显露,周同微小黏膜缺损;(4)内镜下硬化治疗安全有效,手术治疗效果明确.结论 无症状突发上消化道大出血患者,要考虑Dieulafoy病的可能,急诊胃镜检查可确诊,内镜下硬化治疗为首选,复发出血者应手术治疗.     

急诊胃镜诊治急性上消化道出血546例临床分析

目的 探讨急诊胃镜检查在急性上消化道出血诊断与治疗中的价值.方法 对546例急性上消化道出血患者的急诊胃镜诊治结果及其转归情况进行回顾性分析,描述急诊胃镜对上消化道出血病因的诊断率和内镜下治疗的成功止血率.结果 本组546例中,消化性溃疡占46.1％,食管/胃底静脉曲张破裂出血占26.0％,急性胃黏膜病变占12.3％,食管贲门黏膜撕裂占9.2％,恶性肿瘤占3.5％,Dieulafoy病占1.6％,原因不明者占1.3％,病因确诊率为98.7％.共258例行内镜下治疗,占47.3％,内镜止血成功率为95.3％.结论 急诊胃镜对急性上消化道出血的病因诊断和止血治疗安全有效.     

急诊手术治疗胃Dieulafoy病5例分析

Dieulafoy病又称黏膜下恒径动脉破裂出血,是由于微小黏膜损伤引起黏膜下动脉破裂所致的严重胃肠道出血,约占上消化道出血的0·3%~6·7%。其病变隐匿,出血量大且易反复。我院外科自1999年8月-2006年11月共收治胃Dieulafoy病患者5例,均因消化内科治疗无效转入外科行急诊手术,现报     

胃黏膜下恒径小动脉破裂大出血的诊断治疗分析

目的总结胃黏膜下恒径小动脉破裂大出血的急诊诊断与救治的经验教训。方法对我院2009年3月—2012年2月急诊收治的19例经胃镜检查确诊的胃黏膜下恒径小动脉破裂大出血患者的一般情况、临床表现、内镜下诊断治疗、外科治疗等方面资料进行综合分析。结果本组患者急诊首次胃镜检查诊断率为68.4%,镜下止血成功率为84.2%,中转手术率为15.8%。全部病例无镜检和手术相关并发症发生。结论对原因不明和无症状的突发上消化道大出血患者应考虑到胃黏膜下恒径小动脉破裂出血的可能性,急诊胃镜检查是诊断和治疗的首选方法,治疗失败时,在胃镜诊断和钛夹定位下及时行胃楔形切除是有效的治疗方法。     

胃间质瘤6例临床分析

目的探讨胃间质瘤的临床特点与诊治。方法对本院2001—2005年收治的6例胃间质瘤临床资料进行回顾分析。结果以黑便为首发症状4例(其中1例伴呕血);上腹疼痛1例;1例行胃镜检查时发现;全部病例均经手术治疗,切除标本经病理检查及免疫组化证实;4例行胃大部分切除术(其中2例行近端胃大部分切除+幽门成形术,2例行远端胃大部分切除术),1例行远端胃癌根治术(根Ⅰ),1例行病灶楔形切除术。术后均存活,随访2月~2年,其中3例失访,3例经胃镜检查无复发。结论胃间质瘤诊断依赖于病理及免疫组化,手术切除为主要治疗方法。     

Dieulafoy病致消化道大出血的介入治疗

目的探讨介入治疗Dieulafoy病所致的消化道大出血的效果及应用价值。方法10例Dieulafoy病所致急性消化道大出血患者常规行腹腔动脉和胃左动脉造影,发现有胃左动脉出血征象和(或)血管异常者8例,6例使用明胶海绵栓塞,2例血管瘤样扩张者使用明胶海绵 弹簧钢圈栓塞;另2例无明显出血征象者中1例给予垂体后叶素灌注,另1例未予介入治疗。结果本组病例术中均无严重并发症。栓塞的8例患者中,1例明胶海绵栓塞术后第3天再呕血,后行外科手术治疗,其余7例均未再出血;1例垂体后叶素灌注患者1周后症状消失出院。结论介入疗法安全、快捷、见效快,是急诊处理Dieulafoy病所致消化道大出血较为理想的治疗手段。     

腹部手术后消化道出血的介入诊断与治疗

腹部手术后发生消化道出血 ,出血量大 ,部位不明确 ,病情危重。再次手术比较盲目 ,且患者手术耐受性差。我院自 1994年 10月～ 1999年 12月采用介入方法诊断和治疗这类消化道出血 14例 ,效果良好 ,现报告如下。临床资料一、一般资料本组 14例 ,男性 10例 ,女性 4例 ,年龄 32～ 6 5岁。其中 11例因胃癌或胃溃疡行胃大部切除术 ,2例为肝内胆管结石行肝叶切除术 ,1例行阑尾切除术。发生出血时间为术后 6～ 72ｈ。 14例均表现为急性消化道大出血 ,出血量 80 0～ 2 0 0 0ｍｌ,血压下降 ,血红蛋白为 30～ 56 ｇ/Ｌ ,6例行急诊胃镜检查 ,2例虽发现…     

高原地区45例老年人上消化道大出血临床分析

上消化道大量出血一般指[1] 在短期内的失血量超出 1 0 0 0ml或循环血容量的 2 0 %。上消化道大量出血为一临床常见急症 ,其主要临床表现为呕血和 (或 )黑粪 ,常伴有血容量减少引起的急性周围循环衰竭。我院 1 997年 1月— 2 0 0 3年 4月 ,共收治来自海拔 2 80 0m～50 0 0m地区老年人上消化道大出血 45例 ,经综合治疗取得良好效果 ,分析如下。资料与方法1　一般资料　男 3 5例 ,女 1 0例 ,年龄 60岁～80岁 ,平均 65.6岁 ,久居高原患者 3 8例 ,2 0年以内者 7例 ;经电子胃镜检查示 :消化性溃疡大出血者 2 3例 ;食道胃底静脉曲张破裂大出血 5例…     

内镜诊治杜氏病21例临床分析

杜氏病（Dieulafoy病）系指黏膜下恒径动脉畸形破裂出血，以往认为本病比较罕见，因对其认识不足，诊断非常困难，故病死率较高，是危及生命的消化道出血原因之一，约占上消化道出血的1．5％．多见于老年人，男女之比2～6：1，平均年龄50-80岁．亦见于儿童。该病发病前症状隐匿，急性起病，出血量大，来势凶险，若不及时诊断和正确治疗，病死率很高。由于该病病灶微小。临床上极易漏诊，纤维胃镜检查是诊断和治疗该病的主要手段。     

重症急性胰腺炎合并上消化道出血的诊治

目的：探讨重症急性胰腺炎合并上消化道大出血的诊断和治疗。方法：回顾分析1998—05—2005—06我院收治的18例重症急性胰腺炎并发上消化道出血患者的临床资料。结果：急性胃黏膜病变出血13例，保守治疗10例，死亡4例；手术治疗3例，死亡1例。消化性溃疡手术治疗2例，死亡1例；胃镜下止血1例，止血成功。胃底静脉曲张出血2例病人经手术切除脾脏后治愈。结论：对于重症急性胰腺炎合并上消化道大出血的患者的治疗应在保守治疗的基础上积极手术治疗，但手术治疗应简单有效，对于区域性门脉高压引起的出血应选择脾切除手术。     

Fatal Dieulafoy lesion with IgG4-related disease: An autopsy case report

Dieulafoy lesions are rare vascular malformations of the gastrointestinal tract; however, they can lead to fatal vascular bleeding. Immunoglobulin G4-related disease (IgG4-RD) is a rare systemic fibroinflammatory disease involving multiple organs, including the vasculature. To date, no autopsy reports of Dieulafoy lesions with IgG4-RD have been described in the literature. A 48-year-old man was found dead in his home with hematochezia. Postmortem computed tomography revealed high-density gastric contents and an enlarged iso-density area in the pancreas, indicating gastric hemorrhage and mass-forming lesions. Macroscopic and histological examinations revealed an ulcer of the body of the stomach with a large amount of hemorrhage from the enlarged artery in the submucosal layer, confirming the rupture of the Dieulafoy lesion. Moreover, lymphocyte infiltrations with increased IgG4 positive cells were found in the pancreas, thyroid gland, and arteries in non-ulcer regions of the stomach, suggesting IgG4-RD. Serum biochemical analysis showed elevated levels of inflammatory mediators, such as IgE, soluble-interleukin-2 receptor, and C-reactive protein. These findings suggest that systemic inflammation caused by IgG4-RD could, at least in part, contribute to the development of Dieulafoy lesions and fatal rupture of the lesion. This case report highlights the importance of autopsy research focusing on Dieulafoy lesions and IgG4-RD to promote awareness and a better understanding of the relationships between these treatable diseases to establish earlier and effective interventional strategies for better patient outcomes.     

Vascular gastric anomalies as a cause of relapsing bleeding

BACKGROUND: Although relatively rare, gastric vascular anomalies can be recognized as a source of both chronic and acute blood loss, most often presenting as long term iron deficiency anemia, rarely as severe acute gastrointestinal bleeding. CASE REPORT: We present five patients with various gastric vascular anomalies, diagnosed during the year of 2003. in the Clinical Hospital Center Zemun. The diagnosis was based on endoscopic appearances, clinical history and characteristic histological findings. Gastric vascular anomalies presented in our review were: portal hypertensive gastropathy, gastric antral vascular ectasia, angiodysplasia, hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia and Dieulafoy lesion. The used treatment modalities included surgery and various endoscopic techniques (schlerotherapy, argon plasma coagulation). CONCLUSION: Patients presented with chronic iron deficiency anemia or acute and recurrent gastrointestinal hemorrhage should be considered as having one of gastric vascular anomalies.     

Angiographic findings and endovascular embolization in Dieulafoy disease: a case report and literature review

Dieulafoy disease is an unusual cause of gastrointestinal (GI) hemorrhage that can be fatal. It arises from an abnormally large eroded submucosal artery commonly located in the proximal stomach. Since this disease first described in 1884, it has been rarely discussed in radiology literature. We describe a case of an elderly patient with multiple medical problems presented with upper and lower GI hemorrhage. Repeated upper GI endoscopies revealed a large fundal clot but otherwise were unremarkable. Angiography showed anomalous short gastric artery originating normally from the splenic artery. The latter was embolized with microcoils and Gelfoam. Following embolization, the frequency and amount of bleeding decreased although did not totally stop and the patient underwent elective partial gastrectomy. The diagnosis was made histologically. Therefore, Dieulafoy disease can represent a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge. It should be suspected if a patient with GI hemorrhage is found to have extravasation from a dilated tortuous artery that appears normal otherwise with no associated large draining veins. Transcatheter selective arterial embolization has a reported role in the literature as a less invasive therapeutic option compared to surgery.     

上消化道Dieulafoy病18例内镜诊治体会

 目的 探讨消化道Dieulafoy病的临床及内镜诊治特点. 方法 搜集2003年8月～2007年1月我院消化内镜中心823例上消化道出血患者的临床资料,并对经内镜确诊的18例Dieulafoy病患者资料进行回顾性分析.结果 Dieulafoy病好发于胃(55.6%),男性患者多于女性(5∶1),40岁以上居多( 63.6%).本病以反复发作性上消化道出血为主要症状,出血前无明显腹部不适或疼痛.内镜检查及治疗为本病主要诊疗手段.镜下表现特点为片状黏膜糜烂伴中央血管断端显露( 44.4%)、仅有血管断端显露(33.3%)、仅有血栓或血凝块附着(22.2%).内镜治疗以局部注射1∶10 000肾上腺素盐水溶液(35.7%)及使用金属夹(21.4%)居多,两种方法 同时使用者占14.3%,首次止血成功率达100%.结论 临床医师尤其是内镜医师,应提高对本病的认识,对患者进行细致、反复的内镜检查以及及时、有效的镜下治疗.     

17例无绳胶囊内镜检查临床分析

目的通过对无绳胶囊内镜检查情况分析，评价胶囊内镜检查在临床上应用的效果。方法对17例疑小肠疾病或不能耐受胃镜检查的病人或体检者行胶囊内镜检查，并对其结果进行分析。结果所有病人检查无不适感，15例完成小肠检查，2例胶囊分别滞留于食管、胃。7例不明原因胃肠道出血中5例完成小肠检查。均发现了小肠病变。结论胶囊内镜检查是一种无痛苦、无创、安全的上消化道检查，是小肠疾病尤其是不明原因胃肠道出血诊断的首选方法。     

Vascular parenchymal sources of upper gastrointestinal bleeding

Fourteen cases of upper gastrointestinal bleeding (UGIB) were reviewed: 6 (group A) were caused by pancreatitis, 3 (group B) by hemobilia, and 5 (group C) by rupture of esophageal varices due to arterioportal shunts. Elective endoscopy carried out in 7 patients in groups A and B was negative; in 2 actively bleeding patients in group A emergency endoscopy could not detect the source of hemorrhage. Endoscopy was carried out in 4 patients in group C for diagnosis and sclerosis, but severe hemorrhage recurred in spite of treatment. Ultrasonography (US) and computed tomography (CT) were carried out prior to angiography in 5 and 4 patients, respectively, and always suggested a parenchymal lesion. All patients underwent angiography. Transcatheter control of the hemorrhage was attempted as an emergency in 2 patients (as a presurgical step in one); elective embolization was the treatment of choice for 8 patients, with good results in 6. This study suggests the usefulness of US and CT both in the detection of parenchymal lesions causing UGIB not clarified by endoscopy, and in the selection of patients for angiographic treatment.     

Intragastric band erosion after laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding for morbid obesity: imaging characteristics of an underreported complication

OBJECTIVE: Our purpose was to describe the imaging findings of intragastric band erosion, an underreported complication after laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding for the treatment of morbid obesity. In this long-term complication, the gastric band fastened around the upper stomach to create a small proximal gastric pouch gradually erodes into the stomach wall and can extend into the gastric lumen. We present three cases of patients with band erosion in whom findings on an upper gastrointestinal series and CT established the diagnosis. CONCLUSION: Diagnosis of intragastric band erosion after gastric banding is usually made with endoscopy. However, the radiologic appearance of band erosion when visualized on an upper gastrointestinal series is pathognomonic and allows initial imaging diagnosis. In patients with extraluminal air or prosthesis infection, CT findings also are suggestive of this postoperative complication.     

Evaluation of technetium-99m DTPA for localization of site of acute upper gastrointestinal bleeding

Intravenous Tc-99m DTPA was evaluated in 34 patients with active upper gastrointestinal bleeding. Active bleeding was detected in 25 patients: nine in the stomach, 12 in the duodenum, and four from esophageal varices. No active bleeding was seen in nine patients (two gastric ulcers and seven duodenal ulcers). Results were correlated with endoscopic and/or surgical findings. All completely correlated except: 1) one case of esophageal varices in which there was disagreement on the site, 2) three cases of duodenal ulcers that were not bleeding on endoscopy but showed mild oozing on delayed images and 3) one case of gastric ulcer, in which no bleeding was detected in the Tc-99m DTPA study, but was found to be bleeding at surgery 24 hours later. The Tc-99m DTPA study is a reliable method for localization of upper gastrointestinal bleeding with an agreement ratio of 85%. This method also can be used safely for follow-up of patients with intermittent bleeding. It is less invasive than endoscopy, is easily repeatable, and has the same accuracy.