术中局灶化疗治疗四肢骨巨细胞瘤21例临床疗效观察

为了减少骨巨细胞瘤的复发，并保存患肢功能．手术中使用甲氨蝶呤、顺氯氨铂、表柔比星局灶化疗。手术中彻底刮除病灶，瘤腔壁一次性用甲氨蝶呤灭活，植骨块用顺氯氧铂20～30mg 生理盐水50mL浸泡30min后充填瘤腔．植骨瘤腔置管隔日灌注甲氨蝶呤30mg，2d次．共3次：充填骨水泥中一次性加入表柔比星80mg。治疗25例患者，21例获随访，时间2～3年，2例复发，初步研究结果提示．术中使用甲氨蝶呤及顺氯氨铂或表柔比星局灶化疗对减少静止性及活动性骨巨细胞瘤的复发有一定作用。     

术中局灶化疗治疗四肢骨巨细胞瘤21例临床疗效观察

为了减少骨巨细胞瘤的复发 ,并保存患肢功能 ,手术中使用甲氨蝶呤、顺氯氨铂、表柔比星局灶化疗。手术中彻底刮除病灶 ,瘤腔壁一次性用甲氨蝶呤灭活 ,植骨块用顺氯氨铂 2 0～ 3 0mg 生理盐水 5 0mL浸泡 3 0min后充填瘤腔 ,植骨瘤腔置管隔日灌注甲氨蝶呤 3 0mg ,2d/次 ,共 3次 ;充填骨水泥中一次性加入表柔比星 80mg。治疗 2 5例患者 ,2 1例获随访 ,时间 2～ 3年 ,2例复发。初步研究结果提示 ,术中使用甲氨蝶呤及顺氯氨铂或表柔比星局灶化疗对减少静止性及活动性骨巨细胞瘤的复发有一定作用。     

顺氯氨铂、阿霉素、环磷酰胺、环已亚硝脲和长春新碱治疗非小细胞肺癌:一个预试性报告

顺氯氨铂与环磷酰胺及其他药物合用有协同抗肿瘤作用。作者用以顺氯氨铂为基础的多种化疗方案对100例以上不能手术的非小细胞肺癌患者进行治疗。发现顺氯氨铂(DDP)、阿霉素(ADM)、环磷酰胺     

原发性肝癌药物敏感体外测试及临床应用

原发性肝癌药物敏感体外测试及临床应用广西医科大学附属肿瘤医院杨南武，韦长元，陈建思，唐东平我院自１９９１年４月至１９９３年４月，用阿霉素（ＡＤＭ）、顺氯氨铂（ＤＤＰ）、丝裂霉素（ＭＭＣ）、５－氟脲嘧啶（５－Ｆｕ）、卡铂等５种化疗药物，对２１例原发性肝...     

阿霉素抑制骨巨细胞瘤的机理

 目的 探讨敏感性相对最高的阿霉素（ADM）抑制骨巨细胞瘤的机理,方法 用阿霉素与骨巨细胞瘤细胞悬液共同培养72小时（阿霉素最浓度分别为0.04μg/ml,0.4μg/ml）,搜集细胞,用电镜观察及用流式细胞仪、DNA电泳进行分析。结果 电镜及流式细胞分析均可获取一定数量的凋亡细胞,且较高浓度（0．4μg／ml以上）阿霉素处理的细胞DNA电泳可见典型的梯形条带。研究的结果提示：阿霉素抑制骨巨细胞瘤的机理是诱导骨巨细胞瘤细胞凋亡。     

肺癌57KD蛋白表达对化疗敏感性的影响

目的观察肺癌５７ＫＤ蛋白的表达对化疗敏感性的影响。方法应用免疫组织化学染色观察了５０例人肺癌细胞５７ＫＤ蛋白的表达,采取ＭＴＴ法对原代培养肺癌细胞进行体外化疗敏感性试验。结果５７ＫＤ蛋白阳性表达的肺癌细胞对阿霉素、顺氯氨铂、丝裂霉素Ｃ和长春新碱的敏感率显著低于阴性者（Ｐ＜０．０５）,对阿霉素和顺氯氨铂的敏感率显著高于对丝裂霉素Ｃ和长春新碱的敏感率（Ｐ＜０．０１）。５７ＫＤ蛋白阴性表达的肺癌细胞对不同化疗药物的敏感率无显著差别（Ｐ＞０．０５）。结论肺癌５７ＫＤ蛋白的表达影响化疗敏感性,５７ＫＤ蛋白表达的检测对肺癌化疗方案的制定有一定的指导价值     

大鼠肝癌细胞与间充质干细胞药敏相关性研究

背景与目的：探索针对肿瘤干细胞的药物敏感实验,对提高肝癌等实体瘤化疗有效率意义重大。在肝癌中,来自于骨髓干细胞的卵圆细胞是对应的成体干细胞。鉴于目前肿瘤干细胞和卵圆细胞分离困难,我们研究肝癌大鼠间充质干细胞与肿瘤细胞药敏相关性,探讨利用间充质干细胞代替肝癌肿瘤干细胞进行药物敏感实验的可能性。方法：以二乙基亚硝胺为诱癌剂制造大鼠肝癌模型。分离培养间充质干细胞与肝癌细胞,MTT法检测阿霉素（0．2μg／ml）、氟尿嘧啶（5μg／ml）及顺铂（1μg／ml）作用24h对细胞抑制率。化疗药物作用后的肝癌细胞移植裸鼠．6周后测量移植瘤重量。阿霉素、氟尿嘧啶及顺铂对这两种细胞抑制率以及对应药物作用后肝癌细胞移植瘤重量间进行相关性分析。结果：①3种药物对肝癌细胞抑制率与其作用肝癌细胞后移植瘤重量间进行相关性分析．具体偏相关系数为：阿霉素,0．6307（P〉0．05）;氟尿嘧啶,0．4358（P〉0．05）;顺铂,0．7080（P〉0．05）;②3种常用肝癌化疗药物对肝癌大鼠间充质干细胞抑制率与对肝癌细胞间抑制率进行相关性分析,具体偏相关系数为：阿霉素,0．6316（P〉0．05）;氟尿嘧啶,0．4214（P〉0．05）;顺铂,0．5943（P〉0．05）;药物对大鼠间充质干细胞抑制率与对应药物作用后肝癌细胞移植瘤重量有较好负相关性,具体偏相关系数为：阿霉素,-0．8308（P〈0．05）;氟尿嘧啶,-0．8991（P〈0．01）;顺铂,-0．8311（P〈0．05）。结论：化疗药物对肝癌细胞抑制率与对应药物作用后肝癌细胞移植瘤重量无相关性．常规药物敏感实验不能完全反映肝癌增殖侵袭能力。化疗药物对间充质干细胞抑制率与对应药物作用后肝癌细胞移植瘤重量有负相关,可以较好地反映肝癌细胞增殖侵袭能力。     

自制磷酸钙骨水泥对顺铂缓释作用的动物体内实验

目的:研究自制含顺铂磷酸钙骨水泥(CPC)植入体在实验动物体内的药物缓释性能。方法:将顺铂与CPC固相按1:19的比例混合后制成含顺铂磷酸钙骨水泥植入体,对照为不含顺铂的磷酸钙骨水泥植入体;以家兔为实验对象,实验组兔股骨远侧干骺端放置含顺铂植入体,对照组相同部位放置不含顺铂植入体并由耳缘静脉注射0.1%顺铂溶液,术后于不同时间点取血液及局部骨组织标本,用原子吸收分光光度仪检测顺铂含量。结果:与对照组相比,实验组兔血清中顺铂浓度低,局部骨组织中顺铂含量高,药物并不出现明显释放波峰,缓释体在兔体内释放顺铂时间长达1 6周以上,第1 6周时局部骨组织中顺铂含量仍有13.58μg/g,磷酸钙骨水泥植入体在局部骨组织中不出现明显溶解吸收现象。结论:自制含顺铂磷酸钙骨水泥载体对顺铂有缓慢而持久的体内释放作用,可望成为临床治疗骨肿瘤的一种新方法。     

非小细胞肺癌体外化疗敏感试验影响因素的研究

目的：研究非小细胞肺癌对化疗药物原发敏感情况及药敏试验相关影响因素。方法：采用MTT比色法测定31例非小细胞肺癌标本对9种化疗药物的敏感性，每种药物设3个浓度等级，根据每种药物的抑制率进行分析。结果：31例肺癌标本对9种化疗药物的敏感程度依次为：异长春花硷83．87%、长春新碱77．42%、丝裂霉索74．19％、阿霉素69．72%、卡铂69．72％、顺铂61．29％、足叶乙甙58．06%、氨甲喋呤22．58%、5-氟脲嘧啶19．35％；足叶乙甙和阿霉素对肺鳞癌抑制率明显高于肺腺癌，足叶乙甙和顺铂对低分化肺癌抑制率明显高于中高分化肺癌。结论：体外药敏试验受到多因素影响，药敏结果能够较好指导临床化疗。     

顺氯氨铂局部用药增加宫颈癌放疗疗效的护理

顺氯氨铂局部用药增加宫颈癌放疗疗效的护理张伟亮，李志云，韩雨，陈玉清宫颈癌中晚期患者以放射治疗（简称放疗）为王，仍有部分患者对放疗不敏感，疗效欠佳。我们对１２０例患者采用顺氯氨铂宫颈局部用药，增加其放疗敏感世，取得满意效果。在治疗期间，做好病人的护理...     

顺氨氯铂,阿霉素增强人抗CD3单克隆抗体活化杀伤细胞的杀瘤效应

应用抗CD3单克隆抗体和基因重组人IL-2共同诱导人外周血单个核细胞，制备抗CD3单克隆抗体活化的杀伤细胞（CD3AK）。利用LDH释放法，观察顺氨氯铂（CDDP）和阿霉素（ADM）预处理人肝癌细胞系H－7402，对CD3AK杀伤该靶细胞的调节作用。ABC－ELISA法检测CDDP和ADM对H-7402细胞表达细胞间粘附分子-1（ICAM-1）、HLA－ABC、HLA－DR抗原的影响。结果表明：经CDDP（2．0μg／ml）、ADM（O．1μg／ml）预处理12h的H－7402细胞对CD3AK的杀伤敏感性显著提高（P＜0.05）；CDDP能够明显促进H－7402细胞表达ICAM-1、HLA－ABC分子（P＜0.05）；ADM预处理的肿瘤细胞表面三种分子的表达均未发生明显的变化。CDDP促进人肝癌细胞对CD3AK的杀伤敏感性可能与其上调了肿瘤细胞表面的ICAM-1分子有关。     

A case report of inflammatory breast cancer effectively treated with cis-platinum

A 50-year-old woman with bilateral inflammatory breast cancer (T4, N1b, M1, Stage IV) underwent right extended radical mastectomy and left modified radical mastectomy following pre-operative administration of carcinostatics (ADM, 5-FU) and irradiation. However, tumor recurrence was observed at the skin and right pleural cavity after the operation. Adriamycin-containing combination chemotherapy and radiation therapy were performed, but no significant response was obtained. CDDP was then administered intravenously at a daily dose of 62.5 mg/m2 at intervals of 60 days. The pleural effusion disappeared and the extent of skin metastasis was reduced, resulting in partial response which lasted for 90 days. The serum CEA level decreased from 13.1 ng/ml to 2.3 ng/ml. As the side effects of this therapy, slight nausea, vomiting and general fatigue were observed. This result suggested that CDDP is an effective drug for inflammatory breast cancer.     

潘生丁,凡拉帕米对逆转K562／ADM耐药性的研究

本研究结果提示:潘生丁、凡拉帕米均有增强ADM和VCR对K562和K562/ADM的作用,在ADM为0.01μg/ml时,对K562的抑制率为35.9％,当同时含有潘生丁6.25μg/ml～50.0μg/ml或凡拉帕米1.8μg/ml～14.4μg/ml时,使细胞的抑制率可分别再提高20.8％～34.50％和7.7％～29.5％,而对K562/ADM,潘生丁和凡拉帕米分别使细胞抑制率提高21.6％～70.9％和40.3％～61.1％。在VCR为0.1μg/ml时,对K562的抑制率为58.4％,当含有潘生丁或凡拉帕米时,抑制率可分别提高19.1％～24.9％和18.7％～22.6％,而对K562/ADM,在VCR8.0μg/ml时,抑制率为18.8％,当含有潘生丁或凡拉帕米时,抑制率可分别提高32.5％～45.1％和23.8％～35.4％。从上述结果可看出,潘生丁或凡拉帕米在逆转K562/ADM的耐药性是有益的。     

The influence of intra-arterial infusion of cisplatinum and bleomycin on the cell cycle in uterine cervical carcinoma.

We examine the influence of CDDP and BLM on the cell cycle in the patients with uterine cervical cancer. Specimens were obtained from 8 cases of local recurrent uterine cervical cancer which were treated with CDDP and BLM bolus infusions into bilateral internal iliac arteries. Except for two patients who showed no response according to the criteria of the National Cancer Institute (NCI), the other patients exhibited partial response (PR). The concentrations of BLM and CDDP were 0.83 +/- 0.05 microgram/g and 2.9 +/- 0.54 microgram/g in the tumor tissues 24 hours after treatment. The peak values of the drug concentrations in serum, which were observed at 30 min for both drugs, were 0.92 +/- 0.12 microgram/ml BLM and 1.02 +/- 0.65 microgram/ml CDDP and the concentrations of the drugs decreased rapidly in the serum. The higher levels of CDDP and BLM were retained in the tumor tissue 24 hours after treatment, than in serum. Changes in DNA content determined by flow cytometry, revealed that proliferation indices (PI) increased after treatment only in PR cases. The mean increase in the ratio was 0.10 +/- 0.015. The BrdU staining showed that cells in S phase increased in tumor tissues. Labeling indices increased from 0.10 +/- 0.04 to 0.18 +/- 0.05. These results suggested that cell synchronization was induced by CDDP and BLM in vivo. PI seemed a useful parameter for measuring drug sensitivity.     

Effect of intra-arterial versus intravenous cisplatin in addition to systemic adriamycin and high-dose methotrexate on histologic tumor response of osteosarcoma of the extremities.

In neoadjuvant treatment of osteosarcoma of the extremities intra-arterial (IA) instead of intravenous (IV) administration of cisplatinum (CDDP) has been advocated to improve local response and consequently increase the percentage of limb salvages and the cure rate. Since the major local advantages from the IA use of CDDP have been recently questioned, a comparative prospective study was performed at the Rizzoli Institute between July 1990 and September 1991. Preoperative chemotherapy consisted of two cycles of high-dose methotrexate (HDMTX), followed 6 days later by CDDP and adriamycin (ADM), HDMTX and ADM were delivered intravenously while CDDP was delivered according to previous randomization, either intra-arterially or intravenously. Of the 79 patients who entered the study 40 received CDDP IA and 39 CDDP IV. The percentage of clinical and radiological response of the tumor as well as the percentage of limb salvage procedures performed was the same in the two groups. However the rate of good histological response (tumor necrosis greater than 90%) was significantly higher in the group of patients who received IA CDDP than in the patients who received the drug intravenously (77.5% vs 46%: p less than 0.01). No differences in terms of local or systemic side effects were found in the two groups. A longer follow-up is necessary to establish if this improved good response rate achieved with IA CDDP will lead to an improved cure rate.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)     

多柔比星联合顺铂对宫颈癌Caski细胞株的凋亡诱导作用

目的:体外观察多柔比星（Doxorubicin,ADM）联合顺铂（Cisplatin,CDDP）对宫颈癌Caski细胞株的增殖抑制作用及可能的协同机制。方法:MTT法检测浓度分别为9、4.5、2.25、1.125、0.562 5μg/ml ADM、CDDP以及两种药物联合对Caski细胞的增殖抑制作用。RT-PCR法检测ADM、CDDP及两种药物联合对Caski细胞Bax和Bcl-2基因表达的影响。结果:MTT法检测显示ADM浓度为0.562 5μg/ml联合相同浓度的CDDP时,两药联合能明显增强其对Caski细胞的增殖抑制作用,具有协同抑制作用;RT-PCR法检测显示ADM、CDDP联合处理Caski细胞后Bax基因表达明显增高,同时下调Bcl-2基因的表达。结论:合适浓度的ADM和CDDP联合可以增强化疗效果,而且两药物在联合作用下可通过诱导Bcl-2/Bax 基因表达量的改变,协同发挥其促凋亡作用,从而增强肿瘤细胞对化疗药物的敏感性。     

Apoptotic threshold of adriamycin and cisplatin in hepatocellular carcinoma

Chemotherapyisoneofmajorstrategiesagainsthepatocellularcarcinoma,andfailureofchemotherapyisusuallycausedbytoxicitiesofanticancerdrugsandmultidrugresistance.Recently,ithasbeenshownthatmanyanticancerdrugs,suchasADM,VCR,CDDP,MTX,etc.killtumorcellsbypromotingapoptosis.l]1Apoptoticthresholdisdefinedastheminimumdoseofanticancerdrugtocause,apoptosis.ThisstudywillinvestigatetheapoptoticthresholdofanticancerdrugsADMandCDDPinhepatocellularcarcinomainprimarycellculture.MATERIALSANDMETHODS…     

顺铂与阿霉素合用的抗瘤活性与剂量的关系

以体外培养瘤细胞集落形成率、荷瘤小鼠生命延长率(ILS)和小鼠实体瘤的抑瘤率作为药效的评价指标,观察顺铂(DDP)与阿霉素(ADM)合用的剂量效应关系。小剂量DDP与ADM的联用时相加作用明显。一种药已达有效量再与另一药小剂量合用其效应与单药足量的效应无显著差异;若两药有效量联合,虽能提高ILS,但表现出毒性增强。     

硫代硫酸钠在体内、外辅佐抗癌药药效学初步研究

目的 研究硫代硫酸钠（ＳＴＳ）是否能在体内,外作为化疗药的辅药,方法：应用ＭＴＴ法研究ＳＴＳ分别与ＡＤＭ,ＭＭＣ和ＣＤＤＰ等６种抗癌单药合用时对ＢＥＬ－７４０２和ＭＧｃ８０－３细胞的细胞毒性作用,应用小鼠肝癌腹水瘤（Ｈ２２）模型判断ＳＴＳ与ＡＤＭ等３种药合用时的抗癌疗效,２０例人原发性肝癌病人肝动脉插管化疗（ＡＤＭ,ＭＭＣ和ＣＤＤＰ）前３０ｍｉｎ静脉推注ＳＴＳ（１．２５～２．５ｇ／ｍ＾２）考察ＳＴ