双源CT评价急诊PCI中药物涂层支架及裸支架植入术后再狭窄

目的通过双源CT评价急诊PCI药物涂层支架及金属裸支架植入术后支架内再狭窄。方法 85例急性心梗并行急诊支架植入术后1年的患者行双源CT检查,分析其管腔丢失及支架内再狭窄发生率。结果①双源CT获得80例(94.1%)患者共88枚(93.6%)冠状动脉支架清晰图像。②在管腔丢失方面药物涂层支架与金属裸支架比较有统计学意义;两者在支架内再狭窄方面无统计学意义。结论双源CT可作为支架术后患者的无创随访手段;在急性心梗中使用药物涂层支架可减少管腔丢失。     

雷帕霉素洗脱支架与金属裸支架的临床对照研究

目的评价雷帕霉素洗脱支架预防支架内再狭窄的有效性和安全性。方法入选我院2003年2月至2006年6月首次行经皮冠状动脉介入治疗（PCI），并于植入支架后6～12个月复查冠状动脉造影的患者共54例，83处病变，按有无药物涂层分为雷帕霉素洗脱支架组（SES）31枚，金属裸支架组（BMS）56枚。随访12个月，比较两组间成功率、并发症发生率、心血管事件发生率（MACE）、再狭窄率及晚期管腔丢失等指标。结果两组支架植入术的成功率100％，无残余狭窄，无任何并发症。术后12个月随访结果：SES组与BMS组再狭窄率分别为3．2％和23．2％，晚期管腔丢失分别为（0．02±0．34）mm和（0．80±0．56）mm，靶血管再次血运重建率分别为3．2％和12．5％，心血管不良事件发生率分别为3．2％和14．3％。结论雷帕霉素洗脱支架有较强的安全性、有效性，与金属裸支架相比雷帕霉素洗脱支架明显降低盘榘内再狭窄率和心血管事件发生率。     

支架内再狭窄的治疗进展

支架内再狭窄(in-stent restenosis,ISR)仍然是临床上的一个重要问题,而ISR的治疗也仍然是一个巨大的技术挑战.目前,已经有多种方法用于金属裸支架植入术后ISR的治疗,其中药物涂层支架是一种主要的治疗选择,但对于药物涂层支架植入术后ISR的最佳治疗选择仍无定论.本文中作者详细介绍了近年来ISR治疗方...     

支架内再狭窄的治疗进展

支架内再狭窄（in-stent restenosis,ISR）仍然是临床上的一个重要问题,而ISR的治疗也仍然是一个巨大的技术挑战。目前,已经有多种方法用于金属裸支架植入术后ISR的治疗,其中药物涂层支架是一种主要的治疗选择,但对于药物涂层支架植入术后ISR的最佳治疗选择仍无定论。本文中作者详细介绍了近年来ISR治疗方面的临床研究成果。     

国产爱克赛尔药物洗脱支架与Cypher药物洗脱支架、金属裸支架在冠心病介入治疗近、中期疗效的比较

目的：探讨国产爱克赛尔药物洗脱支架、进口Cypher药物洗脱支架、金属裸支架治疗急性心肌梗死（AMI）或不稳定型心绞痛（UA）临床疗效的差异。方法：将126例在我院行PCI的冠心病患者分为三组,爱克赛尔药物洗脱支架组（65例）,进口Cypher药物洗脱支架组（36例）,金属裸支架组（25例）,分析支架置入后6个月的支架内血栓发生率及6个月再狭窄率。结果：三组患者在术后血管通畅,心功能和住院期间心脏事件方面差异均无统计学意义,6～8个月后随访时,均无支架内血栓发生,国产爱克赛尔药物洗脱支架组的支架内再狭窄率为5.9%;进口Cypher药物洗脱支架组的支架内再狭窄率为3.7%;裸支架组的支架内再狭窄率为33.3%。结论：国产爱克赛尔药物洗脱支架、进口Cypher药物洗脱支架治疗AMI患者并未增加6个月内支架内血栓的发生,再狭窄率两者差异无统计学意义;与裸支架相比,两者6个月的再狭窄率显著降低。     

两种治疗方案对支架内再狭窄患者冠脉造影效果及临床事件发生风险的影响

目的探讨药物洗脱球囊和药物洗脱支架对支架内再狭窄患者冠脉造影效果及临床事件发生风险的影响。方法选取我院2015年1月～2016年12月收治支架内再狭窄患者共100例为研究对象,根据治疗方案差异随机分为A组(50例)和B组(50例),A组患者采用药物洗脱支架治疗,B组患者采用药物洗脱球囊方案治疗;比较两组患者术后随访晚期管腔丢失量、二次再狭窄率、Mehran再狭窄分型及临床事件发生率。结果两组患者晚期管腔丢失量比较,B组晚期管腔丢失量较A组更少(P0.05),两组二次再狭窄率比较,差异无统计学意义(P0.05);两组患者Mehran再狭窄分型情况比较,差异无统计学意义(P0.05);两组患者临床事件发生率比较,差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论药物洗脱球囊治疗支架内再狭窄总体疗效不逊于药物洗脱支架,具有临床应用价值。     

急性冠状动脉综合征患者植入药物洗脱支架远期临床疗效

目的 探讨与稳定性心绞痛患者相比,急性冠状动脉综合征患者植入药物洗脱支架后的远期疗效是否同样显著优于金属裸支架.方法 自2000年1月-2007年12月期间,3 771例冠状动脉性心脏病患者接受择期经皮冠状动脉内支架植入术并完成1年的临床随访.根据介入治疗的指征分为急性冠状动脉综合征组和稳定性心绞痛组,将每组进一步分为药物洗脱支架亚组与金属裸支架亚组.研究终点为死亡、Q波心肌梗死、靶血管血运重建以及确定的支架内血栓形成.结果 急性冠状动脉综合征组和稳定性心绞痛组中,药物洗脱支架亚组与金属裸支架亚组相比,随访1年的病死率、Q波心肌梗死发生率的差异均无统计学意义(P值均＞0.05).在稳定性心绞痛组中,药物洗脱支架亚组的靶血管血运重建率(5.6%)较金属裸支架亚组(11.4%)显著降低(P＜0.01);而在急性冠状动脉综合征组中,药物洗脱支架亚组的靶血管血运重建率(8.0%)与金属裸支架亚组(7.2%)的差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).两组中支架内血栓均非常少见,且亚组间发生率的差异无统计学意义(P值均＞0.05).结论 择期冠状动脉介入治疗选择药物洗脱支架可显著降低稳定性心绞痛患者远期靶血管血运重建率,但急性冠状动脉综合征患者未能获得相似的疗效.该临床结果可能源于易损粥样斑块是急性冠状动脉综合征的主要病因.     

药物洗脱支架和金属裸支架对冠心病合并2型糖尿病患者安全性和疗效比较

目的 对比药物洗脱支架和金属裸支架对冠心痛合并2型糖尿病患者安全性和疗效.方法 2009年5～12月我院接受经皮冠状动脉介入治疗的冠心痛合并有2型糖尿病患者共67例,其中药物洗脱支架组31例,金属裸支架组36例.支架术后6个月左右接受冠状动脉造影随访.结果 药物洗脱支架组支架内再狭窄率显著低于金属裸支架组(17.6%比41.9%,P=0.01),但药物洗脱支架组局限性支架内再狭窄率却显著高于金属裸支架组(50.0%比10.0%,P=0.035).两组病变在晚期支架内血栓形成上差异无统计学意义(5.9%比2.3%,P=0.735).随访期间药物洗脱支架组靶病变血管重建率显著低于金属裸支架组(11. 8%比30.2%,P=0.026).结论 药物洗脱支架能显著降低冠心痛合并2型糖尿病患者支架内再狭窄率和靶病变血管重建率,具有良好的安全性和疗效.     

国产Firebird药物涂层支架与裸支架治疗急性心梗的比较

目的通过对比研究的方法评价国产Firebird药物涂层支架与裸支架在急性心肌梗死患者中应用的安全性和有效性。方法将诊断为急性sT段抬高型心肌梗死（且发病在6h以内）的患者随机分为接受Firebird药物涂层支架治疗的Firebird组64例及接受裸支架治疗的裸支架组42例。观察两组住院期间和出院后长期随访的心血管终点事件及支架内再狭窄的发生情况。结果住院期间两组均无急性、亚急性血栓形成及心绞痛事件发生。Firebird组长期随访1例死于脑出血,1例于家中发生猝死,两例发生心绞痛,1例死于车祸,余59例患者长期随访无不良事件发生。裸支架组长期随访7例复发心绞痛,1例死于肺癌,余34例患者无其他不良终点事件。结论药物涂层支架应用于急性心梗具有较好的安全性和有效性。     

药物支架和切割球囊在药物洗脱支架植入术后再狭窄中治疗效果比较

目的比较药物支架再植入和切割球囊2种方法,在药物洗脱支架植入术后再狭窄病人中的治疗效果。方法回顾分析124例药物洗脱支架内再狭窄病人,经切割球囊或药物支架再次植入治疗即刻和术后随访结果。并于治疗时及术后(6.0±1.4)个月行冠脉造影检查。结果 2组病人的年龄、性别、既往病史及介入治疗前支架内再狭窄情况比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。介入治疗即刻切割球囊组与药物支架组:最小管腔直径[(2.54±0.45)mm vs(2.67±0.48)mm]及直径狭窄率(23.5%±10.3%vs 21.8%±9.4%)比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。术后6个月药物支架组的最小管腔直径(1.86±0.63)mm明显高于切割球囊组(1.34±0.71)mm(P<0.01),且直径狭窄率显著低于切割球囊组(39.2%vs 47.8%,P<0.05)。药物支架组复发再狭窄和晚期管腔丢失量均低于切割球囊组[4.1%vs 9.8%,(0.52±0.48)mm vs(0.74±0.53)mm],差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论药物支架再植入相比于切割球囊治疗药物洗脱支架术后再狭窄,6个月后支架内再狭窄率低于切割球囊组。     

Very late stent thrombosis due to multiple stent fracture and stent malapposition

Coronary stent fracture (SF) is a rare but potentially serious complication of coronary artery stenting.Here we report a case of acute myocardial infarction as a consequence of very late in-stent thrombosis due to multiple steut fractures at 8 sites and multiple stent malapposition formation four years after a sirolimus-eluting stent implantation (Firebird,Microport,Shanghai,China). A 43-year-old man with hyperlipidemia and a smoking history was referred for coronary angiography (CAG)following repeated exertion associated chest pain in January 2007.CAG revealed a diffused tortuous stenosis at the proximal segment and a total occlusion at the mid-segment of the left anterior descending (LAD) artery,a 90％ stenosis at the proximal segnent of the left circumflex artery (LCX),and a diffused lesion with a maximal 60％ stenosis of the right coronary artery (RCA).     

Forgotten urological stent

"Forgotten" Ureteral stent DJ stent related complication is not uncommon even in the era of modern urology in the developed world. In this context we have undertaken a retro-prospective study in relation to its various causes, complications, management and prevention of forgotten stents in a single teaching institute. The study period was from January'04 to December'09. The sample size was 60. The effect of "forgotten stent" in our study reflects mild UTI to various complications including severe renal failure. We had approached all of our cases judiciously using various modalities of minimal access endourological techniques either alone or in combinations with successful outcome. The study concluded that it is vary easy to prevent "forgotten stent" and so its complications. However if we confront such unwanted complications that could be managed successfully with the use of endourological techniques. We did not use other techniques like laparoscopy and open surgery in this study.     

Incidence and predictors of definite stent thrombosis after coronary stent implantation

Background  Coronary stents are widely used in percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) procedures. We aimed to explore the incidence, predictors and characteristics of stent thrombosis (ST) after coronary stent implantation in routine clinical practice.

Methods  From data of 18 063 consecutive patients who underwent successful stent implantation in Shenyang Northern Hospital from 2004 to 2010, we identified patients with definite ST (n=140) and control patients (n=280) matched on age, diagnosis, sex, current antiplatelet medication and stent type. The incidence, predictors and characteristics of ST after coronary stent implantation were investigated.

Results  The incidence of angiographically confirmed ST was 0.78% (140/18 063). The time distribution of ST was acute in 43 (30.7%), subacute in 50 (35.7%), and late in 47 (33.6%) patients. Binary Logistic regression analysis identified the angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor (ACEI) (odds ratio (OR)=0.472, 95% CI: 0.276–0.807, P=0.006) and heparin (OR=0.477, 95% CI: 0.278–0.819, P=0.007) were associated with an reduced risk of cumulative ST. Stent length (OR=1.042, 95% CI: 1.026–1.058, P <0.001), serum creatinine total (OR=1.020, 95% CI: 1.004–1.035, P=0.04), cholesterol (OR=1.267, 95% CI: 1.021–1.573, P=0.032), glucose (OR=1.086, 95% CI: 1.002–1.176, P=0.044), and platelet aggregation (OR=1.113, 95% CI: 1.075–1.154, P <0.001) were associated with an increased risk of cumulative ST.

Conclusion ST is associated with longer stent length and higher level of total cholesterol, glucose and platelet aggregation.

     

Meta-analysis of stent thrombosis after drug-eluting stent implantation: 4-year follow-up

Background Drug-eluting stents （DES） are the most common device used in percutaneous treatment of coronary artery disease. Recently, there has been an increased concern regarding their safety profile, in particular the late and very late stent thrombosis rate compared to bare metal stents （BMS）. The aim of the study was to compare the reported incidence of late and very late stent thrombosis of DES and BMS in patients from published clinical studies with an extended follow-up period to four years.Methods A search strategy was developed to identify publications reporting on late or very late thrombosis of BMS and DES available through MEDLINE and Cochrane Library databases. Two independent reviewers appraised eligible studies and extracted data. Odds ratios （OR） were calculated for each outcome and presented with 95% confidence intervals （CI）.Results Fourteen randomized controlled trials, which were at least single blinded, were identified. There was no difference in the incidence of late and very late stent thrombosis in patients treated with DES compared with patients treated with BMS （late OR 0.55, 95%Cl 0.23-1.31 and late/very late OR=1.08, 95%CI 0.61-1.91）.Conclusions The safety profile of DES was similar to BMS in terms of stent thrombosis. We found no evidence of increased risk of late and very late thrombosis for DES.     

带膜支架治疗6例颅内动脉瘤的临床分析

目的探讨应用带膜支架治疗颅内动脉瘤的效果。方法根据靶血管的直径和病变的长度,选择合适带膜支架行病变隔绝术,共治疗椎动脉颅内段动脉瘤3例、颈内动脉动脉瘤3例。结果在6例患者带膜支架被成功释放于靶动脉,动脉瘤消失,并保持载瘤动脉畅通,临床效果满意。支架放置后6个月造影随访病例载瘤动脉畅通。结论带膜支架是采用血管内治疗技术处理部分颅内动脉瘤的有效手段。     

Late stent thrombosis: a not negligible issue after drug-eluting stent implantation

Drug-eluting stent （DES） has markedly reduced restenosis and the need for target lesion revascularization （TLR）. The safety profile of DES does not seem to differ from that of bare metal stent in the acute and subacute phases following coronary intervention. However, at World Congress of Cardiology 2006 a meta-analysis of randomized trials suggested that there was a small but significant increase in risk of death or Q-wave myocardial infarction throughout a period of 3 years after implantation of a Cypher stent possible due to late stent thrombosis） The study received wide attention and since then the long-term safety of DES has been questioned by the physicians, patients and societies.     

带膜支架治疗6例颅内动脉瘤的临床分析

目的 探讨应用带膜支架治疗颅内动脉瘤的效果.方法 根据靶血管的直径和病变的长度,选择合适带膜支架行病变隔绝术,共治疗椎动脉颅内段动脉瘤3 例、颈内动脉动脉瘤3 例. 结果 在6例患者带膜支架被成功释放于靶动脉,动脉瘤消失,并保持载瘤动脉畅通,临床效果满意.支架放置后6个月造影随访病例载瘤动脉畅通. 结论 带膜支架是采用血管内治疗技术处理部分颅内动脉瘤的有效手段.     

Subclavian artery stent fracture

We report a case of a 52 year-old dentist who had stent implantation for a left subclavian artery stenosis. However, this was later complicated by a stent fracture within one week of stent placement. A chest radiograph showed two pieces of the fractured stent, which was confirmed by computed tomographic angiogram (CTA) of the affected artery. We then discuss the occurrence of stent fractures, which are not uncommon but serious complications of endovascular therapy.     

涂层支架的研究进展

经皮冠状动脉内气囊血管成形术后常产生支架内再狭窄的问题，目前采用不同涂层技术研制各种涂层支架以对抗支架内再狭窄。