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正近段时间气温骤降,有许多孩子因受凉而感冒发烧。不少家长都很纠结,孩子夜里发烧,到底要不要叫醒孩子喂退烧药?有些孩子一喂药就呕吐,家长又该不该坚持喂?究竟应该怎么护理发烧的孩子,成为许多家长最关心的难题。笔者就此采访了相关的儿科专家。1.退烧药只能缓解症状近几日,4岁的子涵出现流鼻涕,发烧。子涵妈妈给他量体温发现有 相似文献
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29岁的晓兰刚当上妈妈,欣喜之余却遭遇她意想不到的尴尬──不知道怎么为宝宝洗澡.近段时间天气变化不定,时冷时热,她非常担心把孩子弄感冒了. 相似文献
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The concept that oestrogen replacement therapy is cardioprotective has been challenged recently by the negative results of randomized clinical trials in coronary heart disease. These data have come at a time of rapid advances in our understanding of the cellular mechanisms of oestrogen. In particular, the cloning of the classical oestrogen receptor (ERalpha), the identification of a novel ER isoform (ERbeta), the availability of specific ERalpha and ERbeta knockout mice models, and the elucidation of receptor functions and signalling pathways linked to non-genomic actions of oestrogen are helping to unravel this complex biology. In this article, these advances will be discussed with particular emphasis on the regulation of nitric oxide synthesis by oestrogen. Furthermore, the puzzling issues that have emerged and the potential for development of novel and specific therapeutic approaches will be highlighted. 相似文献
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The history of ketamine and phencyclidine from their development as potential clinical anaesthetics through drugs of abuse and animal models of schizophrenia to potential rapidly acting antidepressants is reviewed. The discovery in 1983 of the NMDA receptor antagonist property of ketamine and phencyclidine was a key step to understanding their pharmacology, including their psychotomimetic effects in man. This review describes the historical context and the course of that discovery and its expansion into other hallucinatory drugs. The relevance of these findings to modern hypotheses of schizophrenia and the implications for drug discovery are reviewed. The findings of the rapidly acting antidepressant effects of ketamine in man are discussed in relation to other glutamatergic mechanisms.Tables of Links
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Open in a separate windowThese Tables list key protein targets and ligands in this article which are hyperlinked to corresponding entries in http://www.guidetopharmacology.org, the common portal for data from the IUPHAR/BPS Guide to PHARMACOLOGY (Pawson et al., 2014) and are permanently archived in the Concise Guide to PHARMACOLOGY 2013/14a,b,c,dAlexander et al., 2013a,b,c,d,,,). 相似文献
TARGETS | |
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GPCRsa | Ligand-gated ion channelsb |
κ receptor | AMPA receptors |
μ receptor | GluN2A |
ACh receptors (muscarinic) | GluN2B |
Cannabinoid receptors | GluN2C |
D2 receptor | GluN2D |
Metabotrophic glutamate receptors | Kainate receptors |
Enzymesd | NMDA receptors |
Cholinesterases | Nicotinic ACh receptors |
GAD-67 | |
GSK-3 | Ion channelc |
mTOR | HCN1 |
PKB (Akt) |
LIGANDS | ||
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5-HT | Dopamine | Morphine |
ACh | Ethylketocyclazocine | Naloxone |
AMPA | HA-966 | NMDA |
Amphetamine | Ifenprodil | Noradrenaline |
Bicuculline | Kainate | Pentazocine |
Chlorpromazine | Ketamine (CI-581) | Phencyclidine |
Cyclazocine | Levorphanol | Pregnenolone |
D-AP5 | LSD | Quisqualate |
Dextromethorphan | Memantine | U50488H |
Dizocilpine (MK-801) |
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医院以及医院药学的定位和服务方式转变 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
本文以新一轮医药卫生体制改革的内容为切入点,分析我国现有医院与医院药学的现状,并与国外医疗体系做对比;提出了公立医院的定位问题及如何发挥医院药学在医院中的作用,转变服务方式,加强药师队伍建设等问题。 相似文献
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Hydrogen sulfide is rapidly gaining ground as a physiological mediator of inflammation, but there is no clear consensus as to its precise role in inflammatory signaling. This article discusses the disparate anti-inflammatory ('the good') and proinflammatory ('the bad') effects of endogenous and pharmacological H(2)S in disparate animal model and cell culture systems. We also discuss 'the ugly', such as problems of using wholly specific inhibitors of enzymatic H(2)S synthesis, and the use of pharmacological donor compounds, which release H(2)S too quickly to be physiologically representative of endogenous H(2)S synthesis. Furthermore, recently developed slow-release H(2)S donors, which offer a more physiological approach to understanding the complex role of H(2)S in acute and chronic inflammation ('the promising') are discussed. 相似文献
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Klopack TG 《Drug discovery today》2000,5(4):157-160
Pharmaceutical research organizations can benefit from outsourcing discovery activities that are not core competencies of the organization. The core competencies for a discovery operation are the expertise and systems that give the organization an advantage over its competition. Successful outsourcing ventures result in cost reduction, increased operation efficiency and optimization of resource allocation. While there are pitfalls to outsourcing, including poor partner selection and inadequate implementation, outsourcing can be a powerful tool for enhancing drug discovery operations. 相似文献