三种方法治疗尺桡骨中段双骨折的生物力学比较与分析

[目的]从生物力学角度探讨尺桡骨中段双骨折不同内固定方法的力学稳定性差异,为临床应用提供理论依据。[方法]采用15具新鲜尺桡骨标本,制成中段横形骨折模型(AO分型A3.2),分成3组,然后采用三种不同的方法进行固定(尺桡骨双钢板固定,尺桡骨双髓内钉固定,尺骨髓内钉加桡骨动力加压钢板固定)。之后,进行生物力学试验,比较轴向刚度、弯曲刚度、扭转刚度和等效刚度。[结果]双钢板组与尺骨髓内钉+桡骨钢板组之间无明显差异,两者的稳定性均高于双髓内钉组。[结论]尺骨髓内钉加桡骨钢板组具有良好的生物力学性能,固定可靠,并且具有创伤小、并发症少的优点,是一种良好的固定方法。     

比较弹性髓内钉与锁定加压钢板内固定治疗肱骨干骨折合并桡神经损伤的效果

目的比较弹性髓内钉与锁定加压钢板内固定治疗肱骨干骨折合并桡神经损伤的效果。方法随机将68例肱骨干骨折合并桡神经损伤患者分为2组,各34例。A组采用锁定加压钢板内固定术,B组采用弹性髓内钉内固定手术。结果 B组术中出血量、手术时间、骨折愈合时间、骨折线消失时间、关节功能恢复优良率及桡神经损伤恢复优良率均优于A组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论与锁定加压钢板内固定比较,弹性髓内钉内固定术术中出血量少、骨折愈合快、关节功能及桡神经损伤恢复优良率高。     

大龄儿童尺桡骨远干骺交界部骨折的治疗策略

目的 探讨大龄儿童尺桡骨远干骺交界部骨折的治疗方法及疗效.方法 回顾性分析自2013-01-2018-12采用切开复位钢板内固定治疗的34例尺桡骨远干骺交界部骨折,对于合并尺骨远端骨折者行闭合复位弹性髓内钉内固定,记录骨折愈合时间、并发症情况以及末次随访时的腕关节活动功能情况.结果 34例均获得随访,随访时间13～46...     

弹性髓内钉治疗儿童尺桡骨骨折的临床疗效

目的探讨弹性髓内钉治疗儿童尺桡骨骨折的临床疗效和安全性。方法手术治疗110例尺桡骨骨折患儿,根据治疗方法分为两组:髓内钉组67例采用闭合复位弹性髓内钉治疗,钢板组43例采用切开复位动力加压钢板治疗。比较两组临床效果和术后并发症发生率。结果手术时间:髓内钉组为32~41(36.92±4.21)min,短于钢板组的73~87(80.51±6.64)min(P0.05)。术中失血量:髓内钉组为11~17(14.15±2.86)ml,少于钢板组的的147~171(154.26±16.90)ml(P0.05)。骨折愈合时间和住院时间:髓内钉组分别为4~8(6.18±2.33)周、5~7(6.21±1.09)d,短于钢板组的8~12(10.12±2.76)周、9~13(11.80±2.11)d;住院费用:髓内钉组为0.84~1.31(1.09±0.24)万元,少于钢板组的0.99~1.50(1.09±0.24)万元;两组3项比较差异均有统计学意义(P0.05)。Anderson评分优良率:髓内钉组为94.03%,钢板组为93.02%,差异无统计学意义(P0.05);术后并发症发生率:髓内钉组为1.49%,钢板组为13.95%,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论儿童尺桡骨骨折采用闭合复位弹性髓内钉治疗手术创伤小,术后恢复快,并发症少,且能减轻患者经济负担。     

闭合复位带锁髓内钉与切开复位钢板内固定治疗尺桡骨双骨折的比较

目的 探讨尺桡骨双骨折闭合复位髓内钉内固定与切开复位钢板内固定疗效比较.方法 手术治疗30例尺桡骨双骨折,其中11例行闭合复位带锁髓内钉固定19例行切开复位钢板螺钉内固定.结果 闭合复位带锁髓内钉固定术与切开复位钢板螺钉内固定术对骨折的愈合及旋转功能恢复影响无显著性差异(P=0.3931)结论闭合复位带锁髓内钉固定操作简便、创伤小、不剥离骨膜、不植骨、容易拔除、无再骨折,更适宜治疗尺桡骨双骨折.     

弹性髓内钉治疗大龄儿童尺桡骨双骨折

目的应用弹性髓内钉治疗大龄儿童（〉9岁）尺桡骨双骨折,观察临床疗效、放射学结果及前臂功能恢复情况。方法采用弹性髓内钉经皮插入技术治疗尺桡骨双骨折13例,年龄9～15岁,平均11.3岁,随访4～14个月,平均随访9个月。结果随访病例全部骨性愈合,愈合时间为2～5个月,平均3.5个月,前臂活动功能优良,无术中及术后并发症发生。结论应用弹性髓内钉内固定治疗大龄儿童尺桡骨双骨折,安全、微创、方便可行,骨折愈合快,并发症少,可尽早恢复前臂活动功能。     

两种固定术治疗桡骨远端C型骨折的疗效比较

目的比较锁定加压钢板固定和克氏针联合支架外固定治疗桡骨远端C型骨折的疗效。方法将86例桡骨远端C型骨折患者按手术方式分为A组(44例,采用克氏针联合支架外固定)和B组(42例,采用锁定加压钢板固定)。结果患者均获得16个月随访。两组患者骨折愈合情况及术后并发症发生情况比较差异均无统计学意义(P0.05)。C2和C3型骨折患者的桡骨远端短缩程度A组明显少于B组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。术后16个月的腕关节功能评分:C1和C2型骨折患者两组比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05),C3型骨折患者A组优于B组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。屈腕与伸腕活动度A组显著高于B组(P0.01)。结论锁定加压钢板固定或克氏针联合支架外固定治疗桡骨远端C1、C2型骨折患者疗效均可;对于严重的C3型桡骨远端骨折患者,克氏针联合支架外固定治疗效果更好。     

三种切开复位内固定方式治疗尺桡骨干骨折的疗效研究

目的研究3种切开复位内固定方式治疗尺桡骨干骨折的疗效,为患者临床诊疗提供指导。方法选择2017年1月至2019年1月在本院进行切开复位内固定的102例尺桡骨骨折的患者作为本次的研究对象。按照随机数表法,随机分为A、B、C 3组。其中A组30例患者、B组36例患者、C组36例患者。A组采用改良双切口双钢板固定进行固定,B组采用桡板尺针对骨折部位进行固定,C组采用双针固定法对骨折部位进行固定。比较3组患者的手术时间、住院时间、临床疗效与并发症的发生情况。结果 A、C组的手术住院时间、手术时间以及最早负重时间明显短于B组,差异均有统计学意义(P0.05)。A、C两组的手术住院时间、手术时间以及最早负重时间,差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。A组患者的治疗总有效率明显高于B、C两组,差异均有统计学意义(P0.05)。A组患者的不良反应发生率明显低于B、C两组,差异均有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论改良双切口双钢板固定具在对尺桡骨骨折患者进行内固定时效果明显优于桡板尺针对骨折部位进行固定法以及双针固定法对骨折部位进行固定法,值得临床推广。     

AO接骨板与Sanatmetal髓内钉固定治疗尺桡骨单节段双骨折的比较

目的比较加压接骨板与髓内钉固定对闭合性尺桡骨干单节段双骨折的治疗效果。方法 2005年1月至2008年12月,30例闭合性尺桡骨干单节段双骨折分别采用AO接骨板与Sanatmetal髓内钉手术内固定治疗。其中18例行AO接骨板内固定;12例行Sanatmetal髓内钉内固定。骨折分型均为AO：A3型。比较两组手术时间,手术出血量,骨折愈合时间,前臂旋转功能和并发症情况。结果髓内钉组在手术时间与出血量上明显少于接骨板螺钉组,两者有明显差异;而在骨折愈合时间,前臂旋转功能方面无统计学差异。结论髓内钉在治疗成人尺桡骨单节段双骨折中,具有微创,手术时间短,二期取出方便等优点。但治疗效果无明显差异;治疗效果更多取决于术者的经验和骨折类型。     

弹性髓内钉与微创锁定钢板治疗大龄儿童股骨粗隆下骨折的病例对照研究

目的：探讨大龄儿童股骨粗隆下骨折的最佳的手术固定方式。方法：回顾性分析2010年1月至2012年1月36例大龄儿童股骨粗隆下骨折的病例资料,18例行弹性髓内钉固定（弹性髓内钉组）,男11例,女7例,年龄7-13岁,平均9．4岁,骨折按Seinsheimer分型：ⅡA型4例,ⅡB型3例,ⅡC型2例,ⅢA型4例,ⅢB型3例;18例行微创锁定加压钢板固定治疗（钢板固定组）,男10例,女8例,年龄8～13岁,平均9．6岁,骨折按Seinsheimer分型：ⅡA型3例,ⅡB型4例,ⅡC型3例,ⅢA型4例,ⅢB型2例,Ⅳ型2例。观察并记录两组患者骨折愈合时间、术后并发症（包括伤15／感染、内同定物失效或断裂、矢状面成角畸形、髋内翻畸形等）、髋关节功能的恢复情况。结果：所有患儿术后随访15-36个月,平均21个月。骨折均获愈合,愈合时间7-16周,平均9．5周。弹性髓内钉组术后复查有3例患儿出现轻度矢状面成角畸形、髋内翻畸形3例,肢体缩短2例,钢板固定组未发生切口感染、内同定物失效或断裂,有1例患儿术后复查有轻度矢状面成角,无髋内翻、肢体短缩等畸形。所有患儿随访中未发现骨骺损伤早闭、股骨头缺血性坏死。疗效评价采用Sanders标准：钢板固定组优14例,良3例;弹性髓内钉组优9例,良4例。术后髋关节功能恢复及并发症发生两组间比较差异有统计学意义。结论：微创锁定钢板固定治疗大龄儿童股骨粗隆下骨折的临床疗效优于TEN法,具有固定更为牢靠、并发症少等优点。     

Comparison of intramedullary nailing to plating for both-bone forearm fractures in older children

BACKGROUND: When operative stabilization of forearm fractures in older children is necessary, the optimal method of fixation is controversial. This study compared the radiographic and functional outcomes of intramedullary nailing to plating of forearm fractures in children between 10 and 16 years of age. METHODS: Thirty-one patients who underwent operative fixation of midshaft radius and ulna fractures were divided into nailing and plating groups and were compared retrospectively according to perioperative data and patient outcome measures (fracture union at 3 and 6 months, loss of forearm rotation, restoration of radial bow magnitude and location, and complication rates). RESULTS: The nailing group had 19 patients, with a mean age of 12.5 years (range, 10-14.6 years), and the plating group had 12, with a mean age of 14.5 years (range, 11.9-16 years). Groups were similar for sex, arm injured, fracture location, Arbeitsgemeinschaft fur Osteosynthesefragen/Orthopaedic Trauma Association classification, and number of open fractures. Duration of surgery and tourniquet use were significantly shorter in the nailing group (P = 0.037 and 0.001, respectively). No differences were found between the groups for fracture union at 3 or 6 months. At latest follow-up, radial bow magnitude was similar for the 2 groups and restored to normal in both. Radial bow location in the nailing group was significantly different from the reported normal values (P = 0.001). Despite this, there was no difference in loss of forearm rotation between groups. Complication rates were also similar between groups, with 1 ulna nonunion, 1 compartment syndrome, and 2 refractures in the nailing group and 1 radius and ulna nonunion, 1 broken plate, and 2 refractures in the plating group. CONCLUSIONS AND SIGNIFICANCE: Based on similar functional and radiographic outcomes, nailing of length-stable forearm fractures remains an equally effective method of fixation in skeletally immature patients 10 to 16 years of age when compared with plating and is our treatment of choice. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Therapeutic level III--retrospective comparative study.     

Intramedullary fixation for pediatric unstable forearm fractures

Forty-nine children with diaphyseal both-bone forearm fractures were treated with either both-bone intramedullary wire fixation (24), single ulnar intramedullary wire fixation (22), or single radial intramedullary wire fixation (3). Six fractures were open and 43 were closed. A limited open approach to one or both bones was necessary for insertion of the intramedullary wire in 10 of 43 closed fractures. All both-bone and single radial intramedullary wire fixations healed with less than 5 degrees angulation. Progressive reangulation of the nonfixed radial fracture after an initial satisfactory reduction was seen in seven of the 22 fractures treated with single ulnar intramedullary wire fixation. In four patients, the reangulation was controlled by a change of cast and molding of the fracture and was between 8 degrees and 12 degrees at union. In two other patients a second operative procedure was required to reduce and internally fix the radius. One fracture healed with a radial angulation of 25 degrees. Three fractures in older patients showed late reangulation after early removal of intramedullary wires at 5 weeks. The results of the current study suggest that the radius and ulna should be stabilized with intramedullary wires and that the wires should be buried to reduce the need for early removal.     

交锁髓内钉治疗尺桡骨骨折的临床研究

目的介绍交锁髓内钉治疗尺桡骨骨折的疗效。方法采用交锁髓内钉治疗尺桡骨骨折12例,其中桡骨髓内钉12根,尺骨髓内钉10根。结果 随访7~10个月,骨折愈合时间在2~4个月,有1例延迟至6 个月,没有不愈合的病例。大部分功能满意,只有2例C3型骨折遗留部分旋转功能受限。无伤口感染病例。有1例患者术后出现桡神经深支损伤症状,1个月后恢复,主要原因是在行桡骨近端锁钉时所致。结论交锁髓内钉治疗尺桡骨骨折具有创伤小、固定牢固、骨愈合率高及功能恢复快。     

Die elastisch-stabile Marknagelung als Therapiealternative in der Versorgung kindlicher Monteggia-Frakturen

Forearm fractures are some of the most common injuries in childhood. Monteggia fractures and Monteggia equivalents are rare injuries of the proximal forearm, but they are important because of their special biomechanics. Many authors have reported good results with excellent function if the Monteggia injuries are diagnosed primarily and treated by an axial reposition of the ulna and by an exactly repositioned proximal radioulnar joint. In our investigation, some clinical cases of pediatric Monteggia fractures were operated upon using the technique of elastic stable intramedullary nailing (ESIN). In correct indications, ESIN could be used as a minimally invasive therapeutic alternative to plate osteosynthesis for treating pediatric Monteggia injuries.     

儿童前臂骨折术后尺骨延迟愈合或不愈合原因分析

目的：探讨弹性髓内钉治疗儿童前臂双骨折术后出现尺骨延迟愈合及不愈合的可能原因。方法：2005年2月至2010年2月,对弹性髓内钉治疗闭合性儿童前臂双骨折术后出现骨延迟愈合或不愈合5例患者进行回顾性分析,均为男性;年龄3-14岁,平均9．4岁;骨折均累及尺桡骨干中1／3,其中2例患者既往曾有相同部位骨折史。高能量损伤3例,摔伤2例。其中4例患者予行切开复位,1例行闭合复位。观察患者术后并发症,并采用Daruwalla及Price评定标准进行疗效评价。结果：5倒患者均获得随访,时间7～19个月,平均11．4个月。4例出现尺骨延迟愈合,1例出现不愈合。其中3例单纯取出内固定继续保守治疗,2例予更换固定方式继续治疗,所有骨折达到骨性愈合,未发生钉道感染或皮肤激惹等并发症。根据Daruwalla及Priee评定标准,优3例,良2例。结论：弹性髓内钉治疗儿童前臂双骨折是一种很好的方法,但是进行该手术时需严格遵循手术操作规范,把握适应证,同时需要根据具体病例情况,有选择地应用,避免术后出现骨折延迟愈合或不愈合。     

Elastic stable intramedullary nailing in forearm shaft fractures in children: 85 cases

The results of elastic stable intramedullary nailing (ESIN) of 85 forearm fractures in children are reported. A single curved nail was inserted into each forearm bone with closed reduction. Immediate mobilization was allowed postoperatively. In a 3 year 6 month follow-up of 76 patients, 92% had excellent results with a full range of movement. There were neither nonunions nor infections. ESIN is recommended in the treatment of displaced forearm fractures in children older than 10 years of age, and in younger children when conservative treatment fails.     

儿童前臂双骨折选择髓内钉固定还是切开复位钢板内固定?

Six small retrospective cohort studies shed little light on whether intramedullary nailing (IMN) or open reduction internal fixation (ORIF) with plate fixation is more effective in treating both-bone forearm fractures in children. No statistically significant difference between treatment groups was found with regard to functional outcomes or the average magnitude of radial bowing.Small sample sizes may have precluded detection of statistically significant differences. In one study, a statistically significant difference was found in the average radial bow location in the IMN group as compared with both the ORIF group and normative values. Cosmetically,IMN provided significantly better results (ie, smaller incision/scar length) than ORIF as assessed by two studies. For both nonunion/delayed healing and complications, rates varied widely between studies and did not consistently favor one treatment method over the other. Randomized controlled studies with larger sample sizes and longer follow-up periods are needed to determine which treatment option is optimal. Use of validated outcomes measures is recommended.     

Comparison of compression plate and flexible intramedullary nail fixation in pediatric femoral shaft fractures

The purpose of this study was to compare the results of compression plating and flexible intramedullary nailing for pediatric femoral shaft fractures. Thirty-eight consecutive patients with 40 femoral shaft fractures were evaluated. Twenty-two femoral segments were treated with a compression plate and 18 femoral segments were treated with flexible intramedullary nailing. The time to healing, operation time and complications were evaluated. The average operation time was statistically significantly shorter in the nailing group (P=0.039). Four implant failures occurred in the compression plate group whereas one non-union was observed in the flexible nailing group. Flexible intramedullary nailing seems to provide a high union rate with a shorter operation time when compared with plate fixation.     

Outcomes assessment of pediatric both-bone forearm fractures treated operatively

This study assessed the outcome of pediatric both-bone forearm fractures treated with operative intervention. A retrospective review was conducted of 31 patients treated over a 40-month period. Fifteen patients were treated with flexible intramedullary nailing and 16 treated with open reduction and internal fixation. Average patient age was 11 years (range: 3.8-17.9 years). Operative indications included 2 open fractures and 29 fractures with unacceptable reductions. The intramedullary nailing group had 14 excellent results and 1 good result. The open reduction internal fixation group had 15 excellent results and 1 good result. Overall, 29 (93.5%) of 31 patients had excellent results. Two minor complications occurred in the intramedullary nailing group and none in the open reduction internal fixation group. Although operative intervention in pediatric both-bone forearm fractures is rarely indicated, when necessary, good results can be expected.