浙江省2016年成年人健康期望寿命测算研究

目的 测算浙江省成年居民健康期望寿命（HALE）,评价浙江省成年人健康水平。方法 收集2016年浙江省死因监测资料、死因漏报调查资料和居民自报健康调查数据,采用HOPIT模型对浙江省居民自报健康调查的数据进行校正,获得成年居民伤残测度,通过Sullivan方法测算浙江省成年人HALE。结果 成年居民自报健康数据经HOPIT模型校正后,伤残测度随年龄增长明显升高（χ²=5 795.81,P<0.001）,女性伤残测度高于男性（χ²=5 353.27,P<0.001）;浙江省≥20岁成年人期望寿命（LE）和HALE分别为59.08岁和48.68岁,因伤残损失的健康期望寿命（LHE）为10.40岁,LHE/LE为17.61%,随年龄增长,HALE损失占LE的百分比逐渐增大。各年龄组男性的HALE（49.21岁）高于女性（48.14岁）,城市（49.92岁）大于农村（47.43岁）。结论 浙江省居民LHE/LE的比例较高,男性高于女性,城市高于农村。加强女性、农村的健康保健服务应成为今后工作的重点。     

北京市居民健康期望寿命评价:三种测算方法的比较研究

目的 应用三种方法测算北京市≥15岁居民健康期望寿命(healthy-adjusted life ex-pectancy,HALE),评价北京市人群健康状况.方法 收集北京市居民死因监测数据、北京市居民死因漏报调查数据、北京市居民自报健康调查数据和全球疾病负担研究(Global Burden of Disease St...     

浙江省居民健康期望寿命分析

目的 分析浙江省居民1998、2003和2008年健康期望寿命以及年龄、性别和城乡之间的差异.方法 利用浙江省死因监测资料和浙江省卫生服务调查家庭户成员相关健康资料,采用Sullivan法计算健康期望寿命.结果 浙江省居民期望寿命、健康期望寿命和健康期望寿命比值,1998年为73.89岁、58.09岁和78.62%,2003年为75.91岁、57.76岁和76.08%,2008年为76.70岁、59.57岁和77.66%.浙江省居民期望寿命、健康期望寿命和健康期望寿命比值均随着年龄的上升而下降.女性期望寿命高于男性,男性健康期望寿命比值高于女性.城市居民期望寿命高于农村居民,但是农村居民健康期望寿命和健康期望寿命比值均高于城市居民.结论 浙江省居民期望寿命随着年份递增而递增,不同年龄、不同性别和不同地区的健康期望寿命存在差异,应采取不同卫生政策.     

2018年浙江省15岁以上居民健康期望寿命测算

目的 基于卫生服务利用调查测算浙江省15岁及以上居民健康期望寿命,为评价浙江省成人健康水平提供依据.方法 利用2018年浙江省死因监测资料、全国第六次卫生服务健康调查数据,采用Sullivan方法测算自报健康期望寿命和无慢性病期望寿命.结果 浙江省15～19岁组居民自评健康比例为96.86％,自评健康期望寿命为53.8...     

北京市居民健康期望寿命测算研究

目的：基于卫生系统现有数据测算北京市居民健康期望寿命,对该指标本土化研究与应用提出建议。资料与方法：利用2008年北京市年度人口和死亡资料,第四次国家卫生服务调查和第二次全国残疾人抽样调查资料,基于沙利文法测算常用健康期望寿命指标。结果：2008年北京市居民0岁自评健康期望寿命为72．75岁,男性71．22岁,女性73．89岁。0岁无失能期望寿命75．18岁,男性73．85岁,女性76．56岁。0岁无慢性病期望寿命62．73岁,男性61．87岁,女性63．75岁。北京居民健康期望寿命在期望寿命中的占比男性通常高于女性,但老年人口中,男性健康期望寿命在期望寿命中的占比低于女性。政策建议：使用健康期望寿命作为居民健康状况评价的重要指标,借鉴国外成熟经验建立本土化的数据报告和收集制度,推进居民全生命周期人口相关信息数据的整合与利用,重视老年人口的长期照护需求及其健康支持体系建设。     

上海市成年人健康期望寿命测算研究

目的:评价上海市居民健康状况,测算健康期望寿命,分析影响居民健康相关因素,为卫生决策提供有力的信息和依据。方法:采用多阶段分层随机抽样方法随机抽取上海市≥18岁户籍居民作为调查对象,采用WHO在世界健康调查中使用的自评健康调查问卷,进行居民自评健康状况调查。应用CHOHT模型校正自评健康调查数据,获得人群自报伤残测度,...     

健康期望寿命的Sullivan方法和增减寿命表方法的评价

目的 比较健康期望寿命的Sullivan方法和增减寿命表方法计算结果的差异，考核Sullivan方法的有效性。方法 构造不同的方案来变化发病率、死亡率和恢复率，根据模拟人群比较两种方法的计算结果。结果 当各种率以一定的速度持续递减时，两种方法的计算结果非常接近；当各种率突然较大幅度变化时，Sullivan方法的估计值与增减寿命表方法的真值偏差较大，但是随着时间的增加，两者的差值逐渐减少，并最终达到两者相同。结论 Sullivan方法的计算结果基本上可以反映实际的健康状况，可以用Sullivan方法来监测人群健康状况的变化。     

上海市居民期望寿命与健康期望寿命的差异分析

目的:分析不同年龄、性别的上海市居民期望寿命和健康期望寿命的差异。方法:分析比较上海市和全球长寿国家/地区期望寿命的变化趋势;利用全球疾病负担研究建立的疾病和健康结局的失能权重,应用Sullivan法测算上海市居民健康期望寿命,并分析不同年龄、性别人群的健康寿命损失。结果:近40年,上海市期望寿命增长了10.86岁,2...     

健康期望寿命测算方法与应用进展

随着社会经济发展和人群健康状况不断改善,居民期望寿命不断延长,长寿状态下的生命质量越来越受到重视,人们关注的焦点是在期望寿命不断延长的情况下如何活得更加健康。期望寿命是居民健康评价的常用指标,但只能从数量上反映生存时间长短,无法反映存活时的健康状况和生命质量。健康期望寿命指标包含死亡、疾病和伤残等一系列非健康状态信息,能综合反映生命的长度和质量,更全面地评价人群健康状况。本文总结了国内外对健康期望寿命指标和测算方法的研究,阐述了健康期望寿命的概念提出、指标发展、计算方法和国内外研究应用进展,对健康期望寿命的研究方法进行了总结,为开展进一步研究提供学术参考。     

居民健康期望寿命测算研究——以湖北宜昌市为例

目的:以宜昌市居民特定健康状况流行水平、健康期望寿命(HE)及其占比情况,验证健康期望寿命综合测量方法。方法:采用网格化分层抽样抽取调查对象,以第五次全国卫生服务家庭健康询问调查表为基础,参考欧洲基本健康模块(MEHM),嵌入基本健康模块,并经过方法验证,使用自评健康、活动限制指标分别计算自评健康期望寿命和无活动限制期望寿命两项指标。结果:2016年,宜昌市居民出生自评健康期望寿命(HE-sp)及其占比分别为71.90岁(男性69.66岁,女性74.44岁)、91.89%。宜昌市居民出生健康寿命年(HLY)及其占比分别为75.58(男性73.60岁,女性77.82岁)、96.60%。宜昌市居民出生HLY女性高于男性(Z=9.21,P0.05),男女HLY占比基本一致。男女性HE-sp有差异(Z=7.68,P0.05),出生HE-SP占比无差异,健康期望寿命呈现等比例下降趋势。结论:计算机网格化抽样面访适宜基层推广,基本健康模块适合国内居民健康调查使用。建议全国统一地市级人群健康综合测量工具,明确健康期望寿命指标类别,推荐采取类似欧盟的基本健康模块监测指标,并纳入中国居民健康核心指标体系。     

Impact of diabetes mellitus on life expectancy and health-adjusted life expectancy in Canada

ABSTRACT: The objectives of this study were to estimate life expectancy (LE) and health-adjusted life expectancy (HALE) for Canadians with and without diabetes and to evaluate the impact of diabetes on population health using administrative and survey data.Mortality data from the Canadian Chronic Disease Surveillance System (2004 to 2006) and Health Utilities Index data from the Canadian Community Health Survey (2000 to 2005) were used. Life table analysis was applied to calculate LE, HALE, and their confidence intervals using the Chiang and the adapted Sullivan methods.LE and HALE were significantly lower among people with diabetes than for people without the disease. LE and HALE for females without diabetes were 85.0 and 73.3?years, respectively (males: 80.2 and 70.9?years). Diabetes was associated with a loss of LE and HALE of 6.0?years and 5.8?years, respectively, for females, and 5.0?years and 5.3?years, respectively, for males, living with diabetes at 55?years of age. The overall gains in LE and HALE after the hypothetical elimination of prevalent diagnosed diabetes cases in the population were 1.4?years and 1.2?years, respectively, for females, and 1.3?years for both LE and HALE for males.The results of the study confirm that diabetes is an important disease burden in Canada impacting the female and male populations differently. The methods can be used to calculate LE and HALE for other chronic conditions, providing useful information for public health researchers and policymakers.     

广东省慢性病患者生存质量及健康调整期望寿命分析

目的 分析广东省慢性病患者生存质量及健康调整期望寿命。方法 基于广东省第五次全国卫生服务调查数据,通过欧洲五维度三水平健康量表对人群生存质量进行评价。运用多重线性回归和等级logistic回归评价慢性病对人群生存质量的影响,并用期望寿命和健康调整期望寿命指标评价慢性病对人群健康的综合影响。结果 共纳入68 550名居民数据进行分析,等级logistic回归显示在校正了社会人口学特征后,慢性病对生存质量各个维度的影响均有统计学意义,其中对疼痛/不舒服维度的影响最大[OR=4.48（95% CI：4.20~4.77）],其余依次为焦虑/抑郁[OR=3.95（95% CI：3.62~4.31）]、日常活动[OR=3.69（95% CI：3.37~4.04）]、行动[OR=3.63（95% CI：3.34~3.94）]和自我照顾[OR=3.30（95% CI：2.98~3.66）]。慢性病患者期望寿命比非慢性病人群平均少12.7年,健康调整寿命平均减少14.6年（男性减少17.8年,女性减少9.7年）。人群去慢性病健康调整期望寿命收益为3.8年（男性为5.1年,女性为2.0年）。结论 慢性病会影响患者生存质量的各维度,从而减少患者的健康调整期望寿命,给人群和社会带来沉重的健康负担。从卫生政策和卫生资源优化配置的角度看,需为慢性病患者尤其是为老年患者提供更全面可及的医疗照护,照护需不仅关注生理健康也要注重心理健康。     

1990 - 2013年中国人群伤残调整寿命年和健康期望寿命变化趋势分析

目的 研究1990 - 2013年中国人群疾病负担变化情况。方法 利用2013年全球疾病负担研究结果,对1990年和2013年中国人群死亡率、伤残调整寿命年（Disability-Adjusted Life Year, DALY）和健康期望寿命（Health-Adjusted Life Expectancy, HALE）进行整理和分析,并计算1990 - 2013年相关指标的变化幅度。结果 1990和2013年,脑卒中均为首位死因,死亡人数增加了47.06%。2013年,脑血管疾病是导致DALY的首位病因,相比于1990年,所致DALY增长19.67%,年龄标化DALY率却降低32.40%。糖尿病所致DALY增长最快,DALY和标化DALY分别增长113.38%和25.60%。脑血管疾病、缺血性心脏病、腰痛和颈痛、COPD（Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease,慢性阻塞性肺疾病）为影响男性和女性健康的共同主要因素。2013年,中国健康期望寿命为67.9岁,男性和女性分别为65.9岁和70.3岁。1990 - 2013年,全人群健康期望寿命增长7.4岁,男性和女性分别增长6.7岁和8.4岁。结论 1990 - 2013年,中国期望寿命和健康期望寿命均处于增长趋势,慢性病是影响其增长的主要因素,尤其是脑卒中、缺血性心脏病、COPD和肿瘤。     

Estimating health-adjusted life expectancy conditional on risk factors: results for smoking and obesity

Background  

Smoking and obesity are risk factors causing a large burden of disease. To help formulate and prioritize among smoking and obesity prevention activities, estimations of health-adjusted life expectancy (HALE) for cohorts that differ solely in their lifestyle (e.g. smoking vs. non smoking) can provide valuable information. Furthermore, in combination with estimates of life expectancy (LE), it can be tested whether prevention of obesity and smoking results in compression of morbidity.     

Self-rated health as a tool for estimating health-adjusted life expectancy among patients newly diagnosed with localized prostate cancer: a preliminary study

Purpose  

Localized prostate cancer (LPC) patients are faced with numerous treatment options, including observation or watchful waiting. The choice of treatment largely depends on their baseline health-adjusted life expectancy (HALE). By consensus, physicians recommend treatment if the patient’s HALE is ten or more years. However, the estimation of HALE is difficult. Although subjective by nature, self-rated health (SRH) is a robust predictor of mortality. We studied the usefulness of SRH in estimating HALE in patients who are considering treatment for LPC.     

Physio-social activities and active life expectancy, life expectancy in Japanese elderly]

PURPOSE: Incidence of loss of activity and death in elderly people living at home were investigated to attempt to determine their relationship to physio-social activities in elderly. METHOD: This longitudinal study of life expectancy and active life expectancies is a thirty-six months follow up study. Loss of activities were classified as follows: Long term (over six months) treatment at home, long term (over six months) admission to hospital or intermediate institute for the elderly, admission to nursing home, and death. Subjects were persons living at home in Ogi, Saga prefecture, aged 70 years or older not requiring help in active daily living (ambulating, bathing, dressing, discharging, eating). RESULTS: 6,274 (male = 2,383, female = 3,891) subjects were followed for thirty six months, and 178 people experienced long term treatment at home, 310 people had long term admission to a hospital or intermediate institute for elderly, 28 people were admitted to a nursing home and 449 people experienced death. The main results were as follows: (1) From the Cox proportional hazards model using the likelihood-ratio method of survival and active life loss, significant hazard ratios for reduction active life expectancy for male were found for age, disability score for ADL, speech disorder, inconvenient bathroom design, with attention to health, and daily activity were associated with extension of active life expectancy. Age, disability score for ADL, speech disorder, inconvenient bathroom design were associated with reduced life expecting, while, attention to health, choosing to undergo regular health examinations, and daily were associated with increased activity in life expectancy. (2) Hazard ratios for reduction active life expectancy for females were age, disability score for ADL, defect of memory deficits, inconvenient design for hallway and stairs. Participating in health examinations, Purpose in life were associated with life expectancy increase. For females were age, disability score for ADL, speech disorder, inconvenient design of bathroom were associated with decrease in life expectancy, while having a person in life was associated with increase in life expectancy. DISCUSSION: Relationship between physio-social activities in elderly is a significant factor in many studies on elderly health. This study suggests that age, disability score for ADL, inconvenient for housing design, active health behavior, daily activities, and Losing a sense of worth in living, affect active life expectancy and life expectancy.