决明子提取物减轻2型糖尿病大鼠心肌缺血/再灌注损伤

目的研究决明子提取物(SCE)对糖尿病大鼠心肌缺血/再灌注(MI/R)损伤的影响。方法构建高脂饲料-链脲霉素诱导的2型糖尿病大鼠模型(HFD-STZ),大鼠随机分为对照组(Con)、SCE处理组(Con+SCE,每日灌胃给予SCE,10 mg/kg)、糖尿病组(DM)和糖尿病SCE处理组(DM+SCE)。1周后行心肌缺血30 min/再灌注4或6 h,并检测血浆总胆固醇(TC)和三酰甘油(TG)水平,用伊文氏蓝-TTC法检测心肌梗死范围、用试剂盒检测血清肌酸激酶(CK)和乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)活性、用TUNEL法和caspase-3试剂盒检测细胞凋亡,用Western blot法检测Akt、ERK1/2表达及磷酸化等。结果 HFD-STZ大鼠MI/R损伤加重,虽SCE处理1周对正常动物MI/R损伤无影响,但降低HFD-STZ大鼠TC、TG水平,可将其心肌梗死面积减小至38.4%±2.7%,显著低于糖尿病组的46.1%±3.2%(P0.05),且血清CK、LDH活性及细胞凋亡减少;还可增加HFD-STZ大鼠心肌Akt及ERK1/2磷酸化。用Akt或ERK1/2抑制剂可阻断SCE的心肌保护作用。结论 SCE可有效减轻糖尿病大鼠MI/R损伤,可能与其降脂并激活Akt及ERK1/2信号有关。     

心肌缺血再灌注损伤中白介素-17A诱发心肌细胞凋亡的作用机制

目的探讨心肌缺血再灌注损伤小鼠心机组织中白细胞介素-17A(IL-17A)的表达及其对心肌细胞凋亡的影响机制。方法采用结扎小鼠左冠状动脉前降支(LAD)法进行心肌缺血再灌注损伤模型构建;伊文思蓝(Evan’s blue)和2,3,5-三苯基氯化四氮唑(TTC)染色与心肌损伤标记物肌酸激酶(CK)、肌钙蛋白T(c TnT)血清含量检测小鼠心肌损伤情况;Western blot检测心肌缺血再灌注(I/R)后3 h、24 h、72 h不同时间点心肌组织IL-17A的表达水平,TUNEL染色和Caspase 3活力检测进一步反映细胞凋亡情况;原代分离培养心肌细胞,不同质量浓度(10、20、40、80 ng/ml)IL-17A处理细胞24 h,TUNEL染色检测细胞凋亡率、Western blot检测凋亡相关蛋白Caspase 3、Bax、Bcl-2及PI3K/Akt通路蛋白表达变化。结果 I/R后心肌梗死区与缺血区(I/AAR)比率显著增加(P0.05),而心肌缺血区与左心室的比率(AAR/LV)无明显变化,且心肌损伤标记物肌酸激酶(CK)、肌钙蛋白T(cTnT)血清含量也明显增加;与Sham组(假手术组)相比,I/R后3 h、24 h、72 h时间点心肌组织IL-17A表达显著增加,心肌细胞凋亡率和Caspase 3活性亦明显增加;不同浓度IL-17A能够促进原代心肌细胞凋亡,诱导Caspase 3、Bax表达,抑制Bcl-2及PI3K/Akt通路蛋白表达。结论心肌缺血再灌注损伤小鼠IL-17A明显增加,高表达的IL-17A可能通过抑制PI3K/Akt通路来诱导心肌细胞凋亡。     

钙敏感受体在大鼠心肌缺血/再灌注损伤的表达变化及与心肌损伤关系

目的： 观察钙敏感受体（CaSR）在大鼠心肌缺血/再灌注时的表达变化，揭示其与心肌缺血/再灌注损伤的关系。方法： Wistar大鼠随机分为5组：假手术组（sham组）、缺血再灌注1、2、4和6 h组（I/R 1 h、2 h、4 h、6 h组）。采用冠状动脉结扎和松结的方法，复制大鼠在体心肌缺血/再灌注损伤模型，记录左室收缩压（LVSP）和左室内压最大变化速率（±dp/dtmax），测定血清LDH、SOD活性和MDA含量，透射电镜观察心肌超微结构变化， RT-PCR法检测心肌组织中CaSR mRNA的表达变化。结果：LVSP、左室内压±dp/dtmax及SOD活性随再灌注时间延长而减低，LDH活性和MDA含量在再灌注2 h时最高；心肌超微结构损伤在再灌注1 h、2 h较重，随再灌注时间延长而减轻；大鼠心肌缺血/再灌注1 h、2 h心肌组织CaSR的mRNA表达升高，再灌注4 h、6 h后降低。结论： CaSR mRNA表达多时心肌损伤较重，CaSR可能参与了心肌缺血/再灌注损伤。     

枸杞多糖通过调控PI3K/Akt/eNOS信号通路对去卵巢大鼠心肌产生抗氧化作用

目的:观察枸杞多糖对去卵巢大鼠心肌PI3K/Akt/e NOS信号通路的影响。方法:将30只SD雌性大鼠随机分为假手术组、去卵巢组、补佳乐组、枸杞多糖高剂量组及枸杞多糖低剂量组,ELISA法比较各组血清雌激素、LDH及CK水平,检测心肌H_2S含量及氧化应激损伤相关指标,HE染色观察各组心肌的形态变化,Western blot法检测各组大鼠心肌e NOS蛋白及PI3K/Akt通路蛋白的表达。结果:与假手术组相比,去卵巢组大鼠血清雌二醇水平降低,心肌H_2S含量和GSH-Px活性下降,心肌e NOS蛋白及PI3K/Akt通路蛋白的表达均有所降低,心肌ROS活性和MDA含量升高(P0.05),心肌细胞排列紊乱,细胞间隙增大,血清LDH和CK活性均增多;与去卵巢组比较,枸杞多糖高剂量组大鼠血清雌二醇含量增加(P0.05),心肌H_2S含量、GSH-Px活性、e NOS蛋白及Akt磷酸化水平均提高,心肌ROS活性和MDA含量下降(P0.05),血清LDH和CK活性均降低,并且改善大鼠心肌形态的变化。结论:枸杞多糖可以通过调控PI3K/Akt/e NOS通路改善去卵巢大鼠心脏变化防治绝经后心血管病变。     

罗布麻叶提取物预处理对缺血再灌注大鼠心肌损伤的作用

目的:观察罗布麻叶提取物(AVLE)预处理对心肌缺血再灌注(MI/R)大鼠心肌细胞凋亡和细胞信号转导系统中丝(苏)氨酸激酶(Akt)和细胞外信号调节激酶(ERK1/2)的影响。方法:采用SD大鼠MI/R模型(结扎冠脉左前降支起始部30min后再灌注4h),随机分为Sham组(假手术)、MI/R组、AVLE预处理组[AVLE(500mg/kg)灌胃,每日一次,连续灌胃7天后再行MI/R]。用TUNEL法检测各组心肌细胞凋亡,计算凋亡指数(AI);荧光免疫分析法检测各组心肌组织凋亡蛋白Caspase-3活性;Western Blotting测定心肌组织Akt和ERK1/2的表达水平和磷酸化水平。结果:与Sham组比较,MI/R组心肌细胞AI显著升高(P0.05),心肌组织Caspase-3活性明显升高(P0.05),心肌Akt和ERK1/2的磷酸化水平显著降低(P0.05);与MI/R组比较,AVLE预处理组AI明显下降(P0.05),心肌组织Caspase-3活性显著降低(P0.05),Akt和ERK1/2磷酸化水平显著升高(P0.05)。结论:AVLE能够抑制缺血再灌注所致心肌细胞损伤,其作用与生存信号通路蛋白PI3K/Akt和ERK1/2的活化水平有关。     

微小RNA-98-5p靶向Kruppel样转录因子9对大鼠心肌缺血再灌注损伤的保护作用

目的 探讨微小RNA（miR)-98-5p靶向Kruppel样转录因子9(KLF9)对大鼠心肌缺血/再灌注（MI/R）损伤的保护作用。 方法 50只大鼠随机分为假手术组、模型组、miR-98-5p agomir组、agomir-NC组及miR-98-5p agomir+pcDNA-3. 1-KLF9组,每组10只。通过冠状动脉结扎法建立MI/R注模型。HE染色观察心肌组织病理情况;TUNEL检测心肌组织细胞凋亡情况;ELISA检测血清肌酸激酶(CK)、肌酸激酶同工酶(CK-MB)、乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)含量;Real-time PCR检测心肌组织miR-98-5p、KLF9 mRNA表达水平;Western blotting检测心肌组织KLF9、Bax和JAK2/STAT3信号通路相关蛋白表达;双荧光素酶报告实验验证miR-98-5p与KLF9的关系。 结果 与假手术组相比,模型组大鼠心肌细胞排列较乱,出现坏死;心肌组织细胞凋亡率、血清CK、CK-MB、LDH含量均升高,心肌组织miR-98-5p表达水平下降,KLF9 mRNA和蛋白及p-JAK2和p-STAT3蛋白表达均升高（P<0.05）。过表达miR-98-5p后,大鼠心肌细胞排列较为整齐,心肌细胞坏死减少;心肌组织细胞凋亡率、血清CK、CK-MB、LDH含量及心肌组织p-JAK2、p-STAT3蛋白表达均下降（P＜0.05）。双荧光素酶报告实验结果验证KLF9是miR-98-5p的靶基因。过表达KLF9逆转了miR-98-5p agomir对心肌损伤大鼠产生的作用。 结论 MiR-98-5p靶向KLF9改善MI/R大鼠心肌损伤,其机制可能与miR-98-5p调控JAK2/STAT3信号通路抑制心肌细胞凋亡相关。     

精胺减轻大鼠在体心肌缺血/再灌注损伤的作用及机制初探

目的: 观察低浓度外源性精胺对大鼠心肌缺血/再灌注损伤的影响。方法: Wistar大鼠随机分成假手术（Sham）组、缺血/再灌注损伤（I/R）组、盐水对照（NS）组和精胺干预（Sp）组（n=10）。结扎冠脉复制心肌缺血/再灌注损伤模型。Sp组缓慢静脉推注 0.5 mmol/L 精胺 2 mL/kg。观察指标：心电图，心功能参数，血清SOD、LDH、NO、MDA水平和心肌超微结构等。结果: I/R组心律失常发生率高达90％，心肌超微结构损伤严重，LVSP 和±dp/dtmax明显降低，血清中NO、MDA及LDH升高，SOD活性降低（P<0.05或P<0.01 vs Sham组）。Sp组与I/R组及NS组相比，上述指标均有显著差异（P<0.05或P<0.01）。结论: 低浓度外源性精胺能减轻大鼠心肌缺血/再灌注损伤，其机制可能与抗氧化和减轻氧自由基损伤有关。     

右美托咪定激活PI3K/Akt信号通路对大鼠脑缺血再灌注损伤的保护作用

目的 探讨右美托咪定在大鼠脑缺血再灌注损伤的作用及可能机制。方法 采用线栓法制备大鼠脑缺血再灌注模型,随机将大鼠分为假手术组（Sham组）、模型组（MCAO/R组）和右美托咪定处理组（Dex组）;于术后24h对各组大鼠进行神经功能评分和组织病理学的检测;采用TUNEL染色法检测脑细胞的凋亡;采用ELISA检测IL-1β、IL-6、TNF-α、IL-10的水平;Western blot方法检测PI3K和p-Akt的表达。结果 与MCAO/R组相比,DEX能够显著提高脑缺血再灌注大鼠的神经功能评分,改善组织病理学损伤,显著降低脑细胞的凋亡,显著抑制IL-1β、IL-6、TNF-α的表达水平,促进IL-10的释放,显著上调脑缺血再灌注大鼠脑组织PI3K和p-Akt等蛋白的表达（P<0.05）。结论 右美托咪定改善脑缺血再灌注损伤与激活PI3K/Akt信号通路相关。     

Gas6经PI3K/Akt通路对缺氧复氧诱导 H9c2细胞凋亡的影响

目的: 观察外源性重组人生长停滞特异性蛋白6(Gas6)对缺氧复氧诱导的H9c2心肌细胞系凋亡的影响,并初步探讨其与磷脂酰肌醇3-激酶/蛋白激酶B(PI3K/Akt)通路的关系。方法: 对体外培养的H9c2细胞进行缺氧复氧(3 h/3 h),模拟大鼠心肌缺血再灌注模型,将细胞随机分为4组:正常对照组(control组)、缺氧/复氧组(A/R组)、缺氧/复氧+ Gas6预处理组(A/R+Gas6组)及缺氧/复氧+ Gas6预处理+PI3K/Akt特异性阻断剂LY294002干预组(A/R+Gas6+LY294002组)。分别采用MTT法检测心肌细胞活力,生化法检测细胞中caspase-3活性水平,Annexin V/PI 双染法及流式细胞仪检测细胞凋亡率,Western免疫印迹法检测胞内磷酸化Akt(p-Akt)蛋白含量表达情况。结果: A/R组较control组细胞活力下降,caspase-3活性、凋亡率及p-Akt水平均较control组增加(P<0.05)。但经Gas6预处理后,细胞活力及p-Akt表达水平较A/R组显著增加,caspase-3活性、凋亡率均减少(P<0.05),而Gas6的这些作用能被PI3K/Akt阻断剂抑制。结论: Gas6能减少缺氧复氧诱导的H9c2细胞凋亡,此作用机制可能是通过提高Akt磷酸化水平而激活PI3K/Akt通路实现的。     

肝X受体通过调控GLUT-4减轻心肌缺血/再灌注损伤

 目的：探讨肝X受体（LXRs）是否通过调控葡萄糖转运蛋白4（GLUT-4）减轻大鼠离体心脏缺血/再灌注损伤。方法：应用Langendorff装置建立大鼠离体心脏缺血/再灌注损伤模型;实验分组：LXRs激动剂T0901317（0.1 μmol/L、0.5 μmol/L和10 μmol/L）预处理组、缺血预适应组、对照组和模型组;比较各组乳酸脱氢酶（LDH）和肌酸激酶（CK） 活性、心梗面积、左室舒张末压（LVEDP）、左室发展压（LVDP）、左室内压力变化速率（±dp/dt max）、冠脉流量（CF）、心肌组织GLUT-4 mRNA和细胞膜GLUT-4蛋白量。结果：模型组在缺血/再灌注后LDH、CK活性及心梗面积均增加(P<0.05),并产生血流动力学障碍(P<0.05);T0901317预处理显著降低CK和LDH活性,减小心梗面积(P<0.05),明显改善因I/R损伤引起的血流动力学障碍 (P<0.05 ),进一步增加由I/R损伤诱导的心肌细胞GLUT-4 mRNA表达及细胞膜GLUT-4蛋白表达(P<0.05)。结论：LXRs可能通过调控GLUT-4表达减轻离体灌流心脏的缺血/再灌注损伤。     

大鼠心肌缺血再灌注损伤时粘附分子CD40及CD40配体的表达

目的:探讨粘附分子CD40及CD40配体(CD40L)在心肌缺血再灌注损伤中的表达。方法:采用大鼠心肌缺血再灌注损伤模型,大鼠分7组:对照组(n=3)、单纯缺血30min、缺血30min再灌注1min、5min、10min、20min和30min组(各组n=6),利用流式细胞技术观察外周血CD40及CD40L的表达,并用免疫组织化学法观察CD40及CD40L在心肌中表达情况。结果:单纯30min缺血组(I_30min)的CD40及CD40L高于对照组(P＜0.05);在不同的再灌注时间中,CD40及CD40L在再灌注1min(R_1min)开始升高,R_5min达高峰,随后开始下降,R_30min达基线,其中R_5min、R_10min的CD40及CD40L比I_30min及对照组高(P＜0.05),免疫组织化学法显示CD40及CD40L在心肌细胞膜上表达,正常心肌细胞膜上表达较弱,损伤心肌细胞膜上表达较强。结论:提示心肌缺血再灌注损伤的发生可能与粘附分子CD40及CD40L的异常表达有关。     

Reduced cardioprotective action of adiponectin in high-fat diet-induced type II diabetic mice and its underlying mechanisms

Diabetes exacerbates ischemic heart disease morbidity and mortality via incompletely understood mechanisms. Although adiponectin (APN) reduces myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (MI/R) injury in nondiabetic animals, whether APN's cardioprotective actions are altered in diabetes, a pathologic condition with endogenously reduced APN, has never been investigated. High-fat diet (HD)-induced diabetic mice and normal diet (ND) controls were subjected to MI via coronary artery ligation, and given vehicle or APN globular domain (gAPN, 2 μg/g) 10 min before reperfusion. Compared to ND mice (where gAPN exerted pronounced cardioprotection), HD mice manifested greater MI/R injury, and a tripled gAPN dose was requisite to achieve cardioprotective extent seen in ND mice (i.e., infarct size, apoptosis, and cardiac function). APN reduces MI/R injury via AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK)-dependent metabolic regulation and AMPK-independent antioxidative/antinitrative pathways. Compared to ND, HD mice manifested significantly blunted gAPN-induced AMPK activation, basally and after MI/R (p<0.05). Although both low- and high-dose gAPN equally attenuated MI/R-induced oxidative stress (i.e., NADPH oxidase expression and superoxide production) and nitrative stress (i.e., inducible nitric oxide synthase expression, nitric oxide production, and peroxynitrite formation) in ND mice, only high-dose gAPN efficaciously did so in HD mice. We demonstrate for the first time that HD-induced diabetes diminished both AMPK-dependent and AMPK-independent APN cardioprotection, suggesting an unreported diabetic heart APN resistance.     

小檗碱干预2型糖尿病模型大鼠脑缺血再灌注损伤

文题释义： 小檗碱(berberine,BBR)：是从黄连中提取的一种异喹啉类生物碱,具有多种生化和药理作用,在临床上得到广泛应用。已有文献证明,小檗碱具有降低高血糖、减轻胰岛素抵抗和抑制脂质合成的作用。缺血再灌注损伤：遭受一定时间缺血的组织细胞恢复血流(再灌注)后,组织损伤程度迅速增剧的情况。再灌注后有大量钙内流,并生成大量氧自由基,是广泛组织细胞损伤的主要发病机制。临床上多种疾病如迟发性神经元坏死、不可逆性休克、心肌梗死、脑梗死及器官移植排斥反应等的发生、发展都与缺血、再灌注有关。 背景：既往研究提示小檗碱可减轻脑缺血再灌注损伤。 目的：探讨小檗碱对2型糖尿病大鼠脑缺血再灌注损伤的影响及其分子机制。 方法：实验方案经海南省中医院伦理委员会批准。用低剂量链脲佐菌素30 mg/kg每隔1 d大鼠腹腔注射2次,处理8周建立2型糖尿病模型,选取平均血糖≥11.1 mmol/L造模成功的雄性SD大鼠90只,随机分为对照组、缺血/再灌注组和缺血/再灌注+小檗碱组,每组30只。对照组和缺血/再灌注组大鼠经生理盐水灌胃,缺血/再灌注+小檗碱组用小檗碱 200 mg/(kg·d)灌胃,处理7 d后,后2组采用大脑中动脉阻断2 h,再灌注12 h建立大脑中动脉缺血再灌注模型。苏木精-伊红染色和透射电镜观察脑梗死体积;采用ELISA检测梗死区超氧化物歧化酶、丙二醛和一氧化氮水平;采用TUNEL法检测脑细胞凋亡情况;Westernblot检测PI3K、Akt和磷酸化Akt(p-Akt)蛋白的表达。 结果与结论：①与缺血/再灌注组比较,缺血/再灌注+小檗碱组脑梗死体积明显减少(P < 0.05),超氧化物歧化酶水平明显升高,丙二醛和一氧化氮的表达明显降低;②与缺血/再灌注组比较,缺血/再灌注+小檗碱组脑梗死区细胞凋亡减少,Bcl-2表达增加,cleaved-Caspase3和Bax表达降低;③与缺血/再灌注组相比,小檗碱可使缺血/再灌注+小檗碱组PI3K和p-Akt的表达水平明显上调;④结果说明,小檗碱可通过激活PI3K-Akt信号通路,在2型糖尿病大鼠脑缺血模型中发挥抗凋亡作用,减轻脑缺血/再灌注损伤。ORCID: 0000-0003-3326-2624(符芸瑜) 中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：组织构建;骨细胞;软骨细胞;细胞培养;成纤维细胞;血管内皮细胞;骨质疏松;组织工程     

Anti-inflammatory Effect of B-Type Natriuretic Peptide Postconditioning During Myocardial Ischemia–Reperfusion: Involvement of PI3K/Akt Signaling Pathway

High mobility group box 1 protein (HMGB1) plays an important role in myocardial ischemia–reperfusion (I/R) injury. B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) postconditioning has been reported to reduce myocardial I/R injury. The present study investigated whether postconditioning of BNP could reduce myocardial I/R injury by inhibiting HMGB1 expression and the potential mechanisms in rats. The left anterior descending coronary arteries of rats were occluded to induce ischemia for 30 min and reopened to imitate reperfusion for 4 h. The rats were treated with BNP (0.03 μg/kg min, i.v.) 15 min before reperfusion until the end of the procedure, with or without treatment of LY294002 (an inhibitor of phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K), 0.3 mg/kg, i.v.), which was injected 20 min before reperfusion. Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), creatine kinase (CK), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and infarct size were measured. Phospho-Akt, total Akt, and HMGB1 expression were assessed by immunoblotting. The results showed that treatment of BNP postconditioning could significantly decrease the infarct size and the levels of LDH and CK after 4-h reperfusion (all p?TNF-α and IL-6 (both p?p?p?PI3K/Akt signaling pathway may be involved in the expression of HMGB1 and the protective effect of BNP postconditioning.     

Resveratrol pretreatment protects rat hearts from ischemia/reperfusion injury partly via a NALP3 inflammasome pathway

Inflammatory responses are key players in myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. Our previous studies showed that resveratrol alleviated I/R injury in myocardial I/R animal models, but whether the NALP3 inflammasome pathway contributes to the mechanisms remains to be elucidated. In this study, we explored the modulation effect of resveratrol on myocardial I/R-induced inflammatory responses in rats. Myocardial I/R rat animal models were induced by occlusion of the left anterior descending coronary arteries (LADs) for 30 min, followed by 2 h of reperfusion. Resveratrol was administered in different doses (2.5, 5, and 10 mg/kg) at the same time as the onset of reperfusion. The serum concentrations of the trinitrotoluene (TnT) and MB isoenzyme creatine kinase (CK-MB) were detected using an automatic biochemical analyzer. Myocardial ultrastructure and morphology were observed with an electron microscope and a light microscope. Myocardial ischemia and infarct sizes were evaluated using Evans blue and tetrazolium chloride (TTC) staining. The NALP3, Caspase1, interleukin 1β (IL-1β) and interleukin 18 (IL-18) mRNA levels were evaluated using RT-PCR. The NALP3 and Caspase1 protein expression levels were detected by western blotting. The IL-1β and IL-18 content in peripheral blood was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The myocardial structure in myocardial ischemia reperfusion injury (MI/RI) rats was extensively damaged. After preconditioning with different concentrations of resveratrol (2.5, 5 and 10 mg/kg), the pathology and morphology were significantly improved in a dose-dependent manner. Our results showed that resveratrol treatment significantly reduced the infarct volume and myocardial fibrosis, resulting in myocardial cells that lined up in a more orderly fashion and dose-dependent decreases in TnT and CK-MB levels in the serum of the I/R rats. Resveratrol also significantly modulated mRNA and protein levels by down-regulating NALP3 and Caspase1 expression and IL-1β and IL-18 activation. These results suggest that the NALP3 inflammasome is activated during the myocardial I/R injury process and that the secretion of the inflammatory cytokines IL-1β and IL-18 mediates the cascade inflammatory response. Resveratrol may play an important role in protecting the myocardium against I/R injury in rats by inhibiting the expression and activation of the NALP3 inflammatory body. Therefore, the attenuation of the inflammatory response may be involved in the cardioprotective mechanisms of resveratrol in response to myocardial I/R injury.     

Antibody binding to fas ligand attenuates inflammatory cell infiltration and cytokine secretion,leading to reduction of myocardial infarct areas and reperfusion injury

Fas ligand (FasL) induces apoptotic cell death when bound to Fas antigen. The engagement of FasL has anti-inflammatory effects through the prevention of cell proliferation and cytokine secretion. However, the role of FasL in myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (MI/R) injury is unclear. We examined the expression of FasL mRNA in the myocardium of MI/R rats by ligating the left coronary artery for 30 minutes and allowing reperfusion to occur for 0, 1, 3, and 24 hours. The expression of FasL mRNA was enhanced 1 hour after reperfusion, and enhanced levels were consistently seen after 24 hours of reperfusion. FasL immunostaining was observed on neutrophils, macrophages, T cells, and vascular endothelial cells. We then assessed the potential role of FasL in the cell proliferation and cytokine production seen in MI/R injury after 24 hours of reperfusion. Rats were divided into three groups; Group A, without treatment; Group B, treated with nonspecific rabbit IgG; and Group C, treated with anti-FasL antibody. Anti-FasL antibody or rabbit IgG were administered intravenously before coronary artery occlusion. In Group C, interleukin-1beta and interleukin-2 mRNA levels were decreased, and neutrophil and T cell accumulation was attenuated. The infarct area determined by triphenyltetrazolium chloride staining was significantly smaller in Group C (18 +/- 4%) than in Group A (34 +/- 2%) or Group B (33 +/- 4%) (p< 0.0001). However, there was no significant difference in the prevalence of terminal deoxynucleotidyltransferase-mediated dUTP-biotin nick end-labeling-positive cardiomyocytes among the three groups. These findings suggest that the cardioprotective effect of anti-FasL antibody is due to its anti-inflammatory action, rather than antiapoptotic action. The Fas/FasL system may be involved in the development of MI/R injury.     

柚皮素对心肌缺血/再灌注损伤大鼠PI3K/AKT信号通路和内质网应激及其相关凋亡通路的影响

目的:观察柚皮素对缺血/再灌注(I/R)大鼠心脏损伤的影响,并探讨柚皮素的作用是否涉及PI3K/AKT信号通路和内质网应激及其相关凋亡通路.方法:48只SD大鼠按随机数字表法分成假手术组(sham组)、模型组(I/R组)、柚皮素处理组(NAR组)和柚皮素处理+LY294002组(NL组).结扎大鼠冠状动脉左前降支30 ...     

尼可地尔激活RISK通路减轻高胆固醇大鼠心肌缺血/再灌注损伤

目的探讨尼可地尔对高胆固醇大鼠心肌缺血/再灌注损伤的影响及其可能机制。方法应用高胆固醇饮食喂养健康雄性Wistar大鼠8周建立高胆固醇大鼠模型,应用Langendorff灌流装置采用全心缺血30min和再灌注120min建立离体心脏缺血/再灌注(I/R)模型。在缺血前或再灌注即刻灌注含有尼可地尔的KH液10min以制备尼可地尔药物预处理(NIC-pre)与后处理(NIC-post)模型。通过TTC染色测量心肌梗死面积、TUNEL染色检测心肌细胞凋亡率,Western blot检测RISK通路p-Akt和p-Erk1/2蛋白表达水平。结果与I/R对照组相比,NIC-30pre组与NIC-30post组均可降低心肌梗死面积和心肌细胞凋亡率,并显著上调p-Akt和pErk1/2的表达水平。结论尼可地尔减轻高胆固醇大鼠心肌缺血/再灌注损伤,与其激活RISK通路相关。