20例先天性中耳胆脂瘤的临床和影像学特征分析

目的：探讨先天性中耳胆脂瘤的位置、分期、临床特征、影像学特征及手术治疗。方法：回顾分析20例先天性中耳胆脂瘤患者的资料。结果：20例先天性中耳胆脂瘤患者Potsic分期I期2例,Ⅱ期0例,Ⅲ期13例,Ⅳ期5例。传导性聋为最常见的临床症状,术前平均纯音听阈为54．1dB,气骨导差为41．7dB。其中1例患者行完壁式乳突根治二期行听骨链重建;2例因病变范围广泛行乳突根治术未行听力重建;5例行完壁式乳突根治一期鼓室成形术,其中1例为先天性听骨链畸形（镫骨上结构未发育）;12例均行一期鼓室成形术。术中探查胆脂瘤主要位于中后鼓室和后上鼓室,主要是砧镫关节处。所有患者术后随访至少1年,对16例患者进行听力学检查,术后平均听阈为35．3dB,气骨导差20．2dB。2例患者复发,3例伴有先天性听骨链畸形。结论：先天性中耳胆脂瘤临床少见,病变隐匿常被延误诊断,其预后与病变临床分期密切相关。     

先天性中耳胆脂瘤

目的探讨先天性中耳胆脂瘤的位置、范围、临床症状、影像学特征及手术治疗。方法本文回顾性分析了解放军总医院耳鼻咽喉-头颈外科自1995年1月～2005年10月诊治的952例胆脂瘤患者的治疗结果,对其中10例先天性中耳胆脂瘤的起源、临床特征及手术前后的听力进行了评估。结果10例先天性中耳胆脂瘤患者的平均年龄为16岁(10～24岁),其中7例为男性,3例为女性,出现症状到临床确诊的平均时间为2年。术前平均纯音听阈为55dB,平均气-骨导差为45dB,有2例患者的鼓膜像上可以看到典型的先天性中耳胆脂瘤表现。所有病例均进行了高分辨率颞骨CT扫描。8例术前分别被诊断为耳硬化症或听骨链畸形。所有病例都在外耳道径路鼓室探查清除胆脂瘤后进行了一期鼓室成型术,除了1例因为病变广泛选择了完壁式乳突根治和鼓室成型术。本组所有病例的胆脂瘤均位于中-后鼓室,主要是在砧镫关节处。术后的平均气-骨导差小于20dB。所有病例术后至少随访1年半,2例病人因为术后听力下降进行了二期手术。本组病例中经手术探查或CT复查,没有发现胆脂瘤残留或复发。结论原发性中耳胆脂瘤临床罕见,常被延误诊断,其预后和残留、复发比例主要决定于病变范围。     

Staging and management of primary cerebellopontine cholesteatoma

Primary cerebellopontine angle (CPA) cholesteatoma grows slowly and silently in the subarachnoidal spaces. The diagnosis is often late, when the lesion has reached large dimensions. Surgical removal is the only available therapy. Fifteen consecutive cases of CPA cholesteatoma managed at a tertiary otoneurosurgical referral unit between September 1985 and April 1999 were reviewed. The study population, consisting of seven males and eight females, had a mean age of 44 years of age (range 21-69) at the time of surgery. The clinical, audiological and radiological presentations were examined. The tumours were classified according to the Moffat classification of CPA cholesteatomas. In 67 per cent of cases the presenting symptom was related to the vestibulo-cochlear nerve. The average duration of symptoms was 23 months (ranging from one month-10 years). The hearing preservation approaches were utilized the most (11 cases), while the translabyrinthine approach alone, or in association with a middle fossa craniotomy, was performed in four cases. Tumour removal was total in 12 cases and subtotal in three cases. In cases undergoing hearing preservation surgery the mean pre-operative pure tone average (PTA) for the frequencies 0.5, 1, 2, and 3 kHz was 19.3 dB HL (SD 13.84) and the mean pre-operative speech discrimination score (SDS) was 89.8 per cent (SD 5.97). In 44.4 per cent of patients the hearing was preserved and the mean post-operative PTA was 20.29 dB HL (SD 15.84). In five patients post-operative complications occurred. No peri- or post-operative death occurred in this series, one patient developed a recurrence 15 years after the initial surgery.     

Congenital aural cholesteatoma: Results of surgery in 60 cases

From 1978 to 1993, 59 patients (60 ears) with congenital middle ear cholesteatoma were treated at the House Ear Clinic. The median patient age at presentation was 5 years, and the period of postoperative follow-up was 4.8 years. An intact canal wall was maintained in 58 of 60 cases and a closed middle ear space in all cases. In 12 operations, lateral graft tympanoplasty eradicated the cholesteatoma in one stage; 32 patients required a second-stage surgery to rule out recurrence, and the remaining 16 cases required three or more operations to eradicate disease and reconstruct the hearing mechanism. Thirty-five (63%) of 56 patients had a postoperative air-conduction threshold pure-tone average (PTA) within 10 dB of the best bone-conduction PTA; 91% were within 20 dB. Average speech reception threshold improved from 32 dB hearing level (HL) preoperatively to 20 dB HL postoperatively.     

10例先天性中耳胆脂瘤临床分析

目的：探讨先天性中耳胆脂瘤的临床特征及手术方法。方法：回顾性分析10例先天性中耳胆脂瘤患者的临床资料。5例经耳内途径行鼓室探查并一期鼓室成形术,3例行闭合式乳突根治术及鼓室成形术,2例行开放式乳突根治术及鼓室成形术。结果：术中见5例胆脂瘤局限于中后鼓室,3例位于中鼓室及上鼓室,2例病变范围广泛,侵及乳突。术后6个月平均纯音听阈为30dBHL,气骨导差在20dB以内,复查颞骨CT均未发现胆脂瘤残留和复发。结论：先天性中耳胆脂瘤病变隐匿,常于鼓室前方或后方,易破坏听骨链,导致传导性聋;影像学检查可为诊断及术式选择提供依据;早期手术治疗可获得较好的听力重建效果。     

Audiologic presentation of cerebellopontine angle cholesteatoma

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to examine the audiologic presentation of patients with cerebellopontine angle (CPA) cholesteatoma. DESIGN: Retrospective case review. SETTING: Neuro-otologic tertiary referral centre. METHODS: The study population consisted of 11 patients with CPA cholesteatomas. The patients underwent a standard audiologic investigation in the preoperative setting, which consisted of pure-tone audiometry, speech audiometry, and auditory brainstem response (ABR). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The audiologic parameters that were analyzed were the pure-tone threshold, pure-tone average (PTA), and speech discrimination scores (SDSs). The morphology and latency of the ABR were evaluated. In addition, the clinical and radiologic presentations of the lesions were reviewed. RESULTS: The mean PTA in the diseased ear was 22.6 dB HL (SD 18.2), whereas in the contralateral ear, it was 19.1 dB HL (SD 19.6). In 4 patients, the hearing loss was asymmetric, with the diseased ear being the worse ear. The mean SDS was 82.28% in the affected ear and 95.28% in the contralateral ear. ABR was abnormal in 9 of 10 cases (90%), with only the affected ear being abnormal in 4 cases. In the other 5 cases, the ABR was bilaterally abnormal. CONCLUSIONS: CPA cholesteatomas are very slow-growing lesions that involve the eighth cranial nerve. The paucity and insidious onset of symptoms mean that the diagnosis is often late, permitting the lesions to reach impressive dimensions at the time of diagnosis. Although magnetic resonance imaging represents the gold standard in the diagnosis of these lesions, ABR proved to be of value in the assessment of the auditory pathway, especially in those patients referred with a vague symptomatology and with normal hearing.     

Hearing in patients with intracanalicular vestibular schwannomas

This paper reports data on the spontaneous course of hearing in 156 patients with purely intracanalicular vestibular schwannomas. The mean pure tone average (PTA) was 51 dB HL and the mean speech discrimination score (SDS) 60% at diagnosis. The risk of a significant subsequent hearing loss (>or=10 dB PTA or >or=10% SDS) was 54% during 4.6 years of observation. Patients with normal speech discrimination at diagnosis had a significantly smaller risk of loosing hearing. The hearing loss at diagnosis and during observation was not related to age, gender, diagnostic tumor size, tumor- induced expansion of the internal auditory canal or tumor sublocalization (fundus, central or porus). However, the loss of PTA was smaller in shrinking tumors and the PTA deterioration rate correlated with the volumetric tumor growth rate. After 4.6 years observation, the PTA had increased by 14 dB to 65 dB HL, and the SDS reduced by 17% to 43%. The proportion of patients eligible for hearing preservation treatment as determined by word recognition score class I (70-100% SDS) was reduced to 28% (a 44% reduction), and by AAO-HNS class A to 9% (a 53% reduction).     

完壁式乳突根治鼓室成形术治疗胆脂瘤中耳炎

目的:探讨完壁式乳突根治鼓室成形术治疗胆脂瘤中耳炎的临床效果和相关的经验教训.方法:对57例胆脂瘤中耳炎患者实施完壁式乳突根治鼓室成形术.结果:随访1～8年,平均3.7年.术后5例感染流脓,其中3例经及时处理得到控制并愈合,2例二次手术处理后愈合;3例术后因胆脂瘤复发行开放式乳突手术获干耳;鼓膜完整但有内陷者29例,其中2级内陷者13例;术后8个月及1年人工听骨脱出各1例.术后言语频率气导听阈降低>10 dB HL为72.2%(39/54),气骨导差<20 dB HL为53.7%(29/54),气骨导差缩小25 dB HL以上占42.6%(23/54).结论:施行完壁式乳突根治鼓室成形术,如果适应证掌握得当,技术条件许可,患者能按时随访.可以有效保留原中耳乳突解剖结构和改善听力,提高患者生活质量,应予优先选择该术式.     

Closed tympanoplasty in cholesteatoma surgery: long-term (10 years) hearing results using cartilage ossiculoplasty

The aim of this retrospective study was to evaluate the long-term hearing results of using costal cartilage prostheses in ossicular chain reconstruction procedures in subjects operated on for a middle ear cholesteatoma with an intact canal wall tympanoplasty. Thirty-six patients (four with bilateral disease) followed up for 10 years who underwent an ossiculoplasty with a cartilage prostheses between January 1987 and December 1989 constituted the population studied. All the subjects underwent a staged intact canal wall tympanoplasty with mastoidectomy. Ossiculoplasty with total or partial chondroprosthesis was performed during the second stage. The long-term outcome was evaluated in terms of hearing according to the guidelines of the Committee on Hearing and Equilibrium (1995), and in terms of complications (anatomical and functional). In 18 patients a partial cartilage ossicular replacement prosthesis (PORP) was used, while in 22 a total cartilage ossicular replacement prosthesis (TORP) was used. In the PORP group the mean preoperative air–bone gap (ABG) was 22.4 dB hearing level (HL); before the second stage the ABG was 37.9 dB HL, at 2 years it was 12.1 dB HL, at 5 years 15.3 dB HL and at 10 years 15.8 dB HL. In the TORP group the mean preoperative ABG was 31.6 dB HL; before the second stage the ABG was 41.1 dB HL, at 2 years it was 14.4 dB HL, at 5 years 17 dB HL and at 10 years 18.5 dB HL. In both groups the number of cases with a postoperative ABG of < 20 dB HL remained stable (P > 0.05) over time. The failure rate was 17.5%, but only in 5% of cases was a functional revision needed. No cases of extrusion of the prostheses were encountered. The use of a chondroprosthesis is associated with functional results similar to those obtained by other authors. The efficacy of the prostheses remains stable over time and is associated with a very low rate of complications and failures. In this series no extrusion occurred and in no case did an infectious disease develop after cartilage transplantation. Received: 7 August 2000 / Accepted: 2 November 2000     

全耳内镜下中耳乳突部胆脂瘤手术的短期效果观察

目的探讨经外耳道全耳内镜下处理中耳乳突部胆脂瘤的可行性和有效性。方法回顾性分析2019年9月至2020年5月收治的32例累及乳突的胆脂瘤患者经外耳道全耳内镜下的手术临床资料。结果32例患者气导平均听阈术前为56.52±4.89dB HL,术后6月为38.49±3.82)dBHL,差异有统计学意义(t=22.59,P=0.00);平均气骨导距术前为31.45±4.52dBHL,术后6月为17.36±5.14 dBHL,差异有统计学意义(t=15.35,P=0.00)。所有患者鼓膜愈合良好,人工听骨无外露脱出,无面瘫、无眩晕,无听力进一步下降。结论经外耳道入路全耳内镜下乳突部手术术后患者听力较前提高,是安全有效的手术方式。     

Role of ossiculoplasty in canal wall down tympanoplasty for middle-ear cholesteatoma: hearing results

The aim of this study was to evaluate the hearing results of ossiculoplasty in canal wall down tympanoplasty in one stage middle-ear cholesteatoma surgery. We carried out a retrospective review of a consecutive series of 142 cases which had undergone type two or three canal wall down tympanoplasty with ossicular reconstruction, between January 1995 and December 2002, due to chronic otitis media with cholesteatoma.Pre-operative audiometric testing revealed a mean air conduction pure tone average (PTA) of 50.97 dB and a mean bone conduction PTA of 22.14 dB. The mean post-operative result for air conduction PTA was 37.62 and for bone conduction PTA was 23.37 dB. The mean pre- and post-operative air-bone gaps (ABGs) were 28.83 and 13.94 dB, respectively, with a gain of 14.89 dB. Almost 62.67 per cent of patients closed their ABGs to within 20 dB. Our functional results are comparable with those of other authors. In the present study, we show that hearing improvement is possible following cholesteatoma surgery with canal wall down tympanoplasty and ossicular chain reconstruction.     

Long-term results of atresiaplasty in patients with congenital aural atresia

Objectives: To evaluate long-term benefits of atresiaplasty on hearing and the impact of surgery on quality of life (QoL) in congenital aural atresia (CAA) patients.

Methods: We evaluated the long-term hearing results, the impact of atresiaplasty on QoL, the meatal diameter of the operated ear canal, and the cumulative number of post-operative hospital visits in 14 CAA patients, on average, 12 years (range: 4–17 years) post-operatively.

Results: The mean preoperative pure tone average (PTA) was 61?dB HL. The postoperative short-term PTA was 36?dB HL and the long-term PTA was 51?dB HL. The mean total Glasgow Benefit Inventory (GBI) score was 16 (range: ?11–39), showing the positive benefit of atresiaplasty on QoL. The mean postoperative diameter of the auditory meatus was 6?mm. The average number of hospital outpatient visits during the first postoperative year was 10.

Conclusion: Surgery for CAA is a demanding operation with variable anatomical and hearing outcomes. Atresiaplasty operations should be centralized to hospitals with large numbers of such patients to ensure sufficient levels of surgical experience. Bone-anchored hearing devices or middle-ear implants should be considered as a first-line option because they offer good hearing predictability.     

上鼓室胆脂瘤型中耳炎的手术治疗

目的探讨上鼓室胆脂瘤型中耳炎的手术治疗方法。方法对23例（23耳）上鼓室胆脂瘤型中耳炎患者经耳内切口行上鼓室切开清理病变。20耳胆脂瘤破坏并超过锤砧关节达前上鼓室,3耳锤砧关节鼓室侧隐藏胆脂瘤,彻底清除胆脂瘤并切除病变的锤骨头及砧骨,人工听小骨（partial ossicular replacement protheses,PORP）架桥于锤骨柄与镫骨头之间重建听骨链（Ⅲ型鼓室成型术）。23耳采用带软骨膜的耳屏软骨重建上鼓室外侧壁,其软骨膜修复鼓膜松弛部穿孔。观察术后上鼓室外侧壁和鼓膜愈合及听力恢复情况。结果23例患者随诊1～4年,所有病例上鼓室外侧壁及鼓膜松弛部愈合良好。术后患耳PTA=21．1 dB HL,较术前平均降低12．8 dB HL,差别有统计学意义（t=20．136,P〈0-01）;术后患耳气骨导差下降12．8 dB HL,差别有统计学意义（t=19．48,P〈0．01）;术后患耳骨导听阈改变无显著意义（t=1．56。P〉0．05）。一例患耳术后出现4000Hz以上感音神经性听力下降。术后随访听力基本稳定,无眩晕及耳鸣等并发症。结论上鼓室胆脂瘤型中耳炎应尽早发现,合理的手术方式既可彻底清除病灶。又能保留和恢复中耳传音功能。     

Preference for the closed technique in the management of cholesteatoma of the middle ear in children: a retrospective study of 215 consecutive patients treated over 10 years

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate clinical data, extensions, residual and recurrent lesion rates, and functional results in cases of cholesteatoma in pediatric patients. DESIGN: A retrospective study at a single tertiary care center over a decade. PATIENTS: In 199 children (mean age 9.6 years), 215 cholesteatomas were treated surgically, and the children were followed up for an average of 70 months (range 25-118 months). INTERVENTIONS: Therapeutic and rehabilitative surgical procedures were done, using either a closed technique (CT) or an open technique: tympanoplasty in open technique (TOT), radical mastoidectomy (RM), or Rambo's technique) MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Surgical findings, residual and recurrent lesions rate, and hearing assessment. RESULTS: The first surgical procedure was CT in 88% of cases, TOT in 10%, RM and Rambo's technique in 1%. Two operations were done in 61.8% of children; 21% had three operations and 4.5% had four. Residual lesions were observed in 21.5% of all children, 32.8% in those undergoing a planned second look. Recurrence rate was 9.8%. Surprisingly, residual and recurrent lesion rates were higher after TOT (23.8% and 19%) than after CT (20.5%, 8.9%), but TOT-treated children had much more extensive lesions. A speech reception threshold (SRT) <30 dB hearing loss (HL) was achieved in 63.7% of patients, and normal hearing was obtained in 12.1%; SRT was significantly better after CT (mean 26.7 dB) than after TOT (mean 37.4 dB), after type II (mean 27 dB) than after type III (35 dB). A high-frequency pure-tone hearing loss >10 dB was uncommon (7.6%). CONCLUSION: These results support the continued use of CT in most cases of cholesteatoma in children in developed countries.     

不同程度感音神经性听力损失儿童的Chirp-ASSR测试结果分析

目的 观察不同程度感音神经性听力损失儿童Chirp声听性稳态反应(Chirp auditory steady-state responses,Chirp-ASSR)的特点,探讨Chirp-ASSR测试的临床意义.方法 对136例(272耳)5～10岁不同程度感音神经性听力损失儿童进行纯音听阈测试(pure tone audiometry,PTA)和Chirp-ASSR测试,根据500、1 000、2 000和4 000 Hz的平均听阈,将受试者分为四组,即20～dB HL组、40～dB HL组、60～dB HL组和≥80dB HL组,比较不同程度感音神经性听力损失儿童各频率纯音听阈与Chirp-ASSR反应阈的相关性.结果 ①纯音听阈≥80 dB HL组的Chirp-ASSR反应阈值比纯音听阈值高,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).②PTA和Chirp-ASSR的相关系数γ随着听力损失程度加重而逐渐降低,随着测试频率的增加有增大的趋势,在500 Hz和4 000 Hz之间差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论 Chirp-ASSR有频率特异性,能够较好的反映听力水平,特别在轻度、中度和重度感音神经性听力损失患者中更明显.     

联合径路鼓室成形术方法的改进

对传统的联合径路鼓室成形术式做了部分改进，并采用钛质听骨行骨链重建，治疗胆脂瘤型中耳炎８６例，随访１８－５０个月，未见胆脂瘤复发及耳蜗性听力损伤，鼓膜全部愈合。表明改进的术式对彻底切除病变，防止胆脂瘤残留和复发，扩大手术适应证，方便听力重建和改善鼓室功能具有重要意义。     

Cholesteatoma in the normal hearing ear

OBJECTIVES/HYPOTHESIS: Surgical treatment of cholesteatoma in ears with normal or near-normal hearing represents a challenge, in that complete removal of disease may require sacrifice of the ossicular chain. Our aim was to identify the predictive factors and surgical strategies that favor hearing preservation in these patients. STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective case review. METHODS: Fifty-four procedures were performed in 50 patients with cholesteatoma and a preoperative speech reception threshold or pure-tone average (PTA) of less than 25 dB. Complete audiometric data were available in 51 cases. All patients had complete surgical removal of cholesteatoma. Whenever feasible, ossicular reconstruction was performed at the time of the initial surgical procedure. RESULTS: The median PTA changed by -3 dB, and hearing was preserved to within 10 dB of preoperative level in 72% of patients. An intact ossicular chain was found in 72% of the cases and could often be preserved at surgery. However, similar hearing outcomes resulted after intact versus reconstructed ossicular chains and in open versus closed mastoidectomies. The recidivism rate was 26%, and recidivistic cases had worse hearing outcomes. Congenital cholesteatomas and Prussak space cholesteatomas had better outcomes with respect to hearing preservation and recidivism. CONCLUSIONS: Cholesteatoma in the normal hearing ear should be treated with the same surgical priorities as all other cholesteatomas. Preventing recidivism has a significant effect on hearing preservation, whereas preserving an intact ossicular chain and maintaining an intact canal wall do not.     

Disease severity in patients referred to pediatric otolaryngologists with a diagnosis of otitis media

OBJECTIVE: This study evaluated disease severity of children referred to a pediatric otolaryngology practice with a diagnosis of otitis media (OM) before and after tympanostomy tube (TT) placement. METHODS: A retrospective review was conducted of patients referred to a pediatric otolaryngology practice from January 2000 to April 2004, with the chief complaint of middle ear effusion (MEE) and/or OM. Patients who underwent TT placement had pre- and post-operative hearing levels (HL) and bilaterality of disease analyzed. RESULTS: A total of 286 patients who underwent TT placement were included. Recurrent OM (ROM) was the most common diagnosis (42.6%), followed by OM with effusion (OME) plus ROM (ROM + OME) (31.7%) and then OME (25.7%) alone. The mean improvement in the pure tone average (PTA) hearing level was 14.8 dB in patients with OME, 9.5 dB in patients with ROM + OME and 6.3 dB in patients with ROM alone. The hearing improvements in OME and ROM + OME were statistically larger than the ROM group (P < or =0.0004). Hearing levels at 500, 1000, 2000 Hz and PTA showed statistically significant improvements in HL after tube placement in each group (P < 0.0001). Of the patients presenting with OME or ROM + OME, 70% had pre-operative findings demonstrating bilateral MEE. CONCLUSION: Most children referred for consideration of surgical management of OM have a diagnosis of ROM, or ROM in conjunction with OME, with only a small percentage having the diagnosis of OME alone. In addition, the majority of children have bilateral disease, suggesting a more severely affected patient population treated by the pediatric otolaryngologist. The results also demonstrate a significant improvement in hearing after the placement of TT. However, the long-term impact of this hearing improvement on a child's development is not known and an additional prospective study of children in this population group is warranted.     

外伤所致传导性耳聋的诊断与手术治疗(附20例报告)

目的 分析外伤所致传导性耳聋的症状体征、听力学表现及影像学特点,总结诊断要点和手术治疗效果.方法 回顾性分析解放军总医院2008年1月～2011年3月收治的具有明确外伤史、鼓膜完整的传导性听力下降患者20例.每位患者均进行详细病史询问、临床检查、听力测试和影像检查.行鼓室探查术,根据患者听骨链损伤的不同类型,行听骨链重建术.术后1～3个月复查纯音听力,比较术前和术后的纯音听阈,总结分析手术治疗效果.结果 本组20例患者,手术探查听骨链发现砧骨移位14例,包括砧镫关节脱位、锤砧关节分离以及二者兼具的听骨链损伤,锤骨移位且粘连固定2例,镫骨足弓骨折2例,砧骨长脚骨折1例,镫骨底板自前庭窗脱出1例;其中3例砧骨移位患者术中可见面神经明显水肿.根据鼓室探查情况行相应的听骨链重建术,15例行自体听骨雕凿后的听骨链重建术,1例行砧镫关节复位术,4例行人工听骨植入术,3例合并面瘫患者行听骨链重建术的同时行面神经减压术.术后1～3个月随访,患者自觉听力提高,纯音测听示言语频率内气导平均听阈恢复至30±11 dB,平均气骨导差为18±10 dB.伴有面瘫患者的面神经功能恢复至HBⅠ级.结论 有外伤史的患者如有听力下降,应行全面细致的耳科检查、听力学检查和高分辨颞骨CT扫描,如纯音测听气导听阈下降且存在明显的气骨导差,或颞骨CT显示听骨链形态异常,应考虑系听骨链中断引起的传导性耳聋.应根据听骨链损伤的不同类型,重建听骨链,恢复患者听力,合并面瘫者,同时行面神经探查减压手术.     

鼓室内注射地塞米松治疗突聋的临床研究

目的:观察鼓室内注射地塞米松治疗突聋的临床效果。方法:对21例突聋患者采用鼓膜穿刺注入5 g/L地塞米松1 ml治疗,每日1次,7 d为1个疗程。比较地塞米松鼓室内注射前后4个频率(500、1 000、2 000、4 000 Hz)气导纯音听阈均值(PTA),下降10 dB以上为有效。结果:21例患者鼓室内注射地塞米松前后PTA分别为(65.65±24.73)dB HL和(50.25±25.59)dB HL,有明显下降,P<0.01。10例有效,11例无效,总有效率为47.6%。对发病至治疗的时间短、不伴眩晕的突聋患者应用鼓室内注射地塞米松治疗效果好。本组病例未出现鼓室内感染、鼓膜穿孔和听力下降。结论:鼓室内注射地塞米松治疗突聋安全、有效,发病至治疗的时间以及是否伴有眩晕是影响预后的因素。