颌间牵引固定治疗复发性颞下颌关节脱位的临床观察

目的观察颌间牵引固定治疗复发性颞下颌关节脱位的临床效果。方法对17例患者34侧复发性颞下颌关节脱位进行颌间牵引固定治疗,其中5例10侧辅以下颌运动训练。颌间牵引固定4～6周,固定拆除后,待开口度接近或稍小于正常开口度时,嘱患者以此为限,不再做大开口运动,使之养成以此为界的记忆性最大开口度,行使日常功能。如辅以下颌运动训练,可在此时进行。患者治疗后至少追踪观察半年。结果 17例34侧复发性颞下颌关节脱位者,治疗后半年内均无复发,半年后亦未再来就诊。12例单纯弹性牵引固定者与5例辅以下颌运动训练者,疗效相当。结论颌间牵引固定可用于复发性颞下颌关节脱位的治疗。     

翼外肌剥离术治疗复发性颞下颌关节脱位的临床探讨

对复发性颞下颌关节脱位,目前仍无确切治疗方法。受解放军总医院洪民教授翼外肌剥离术治疗颞下颌关节病[1]的启示,笔者自1995年～2005年采用翼外肌下头剥离术治疗复发性颞下颌关节脱位,收到满意疗效。一、临床资料本组20例,男性12例,女性8例,年龄25～70岁之间。其中急性前脱位治疗不当者12例,翼外肌功能亢进者4例,老年人、长期慢性消耗性疾病及关节结构不良者4例,术后随访1年以上。二、手术方法1.术前准备:①全身准备:按一般常规手术准备;②局部准备:术前应清除牙石、牙垢,控制牙龈炎,牙周炎。必要时进行颞下颌关节X线拍片及翼外肌肌电图检…     

高渗葡萄糖关节上腔注射治疗颞下颌关节囊松弛（半脱位）和复发性脱位的临床应用

目的：探讨高渗葡萄糖硬化治疗颞下颌关节囊松弛（半脱位）和复发性脱位的效果。方法：采用50%葡萄糖注射剂行关节上腔注射治疗6例颞下颌关节半脱位的患者和7例复发性颞下颌关节脱位的患者,观察疗效;并对其治疗前后Fricton颞下颌关节紊乱指数进行评分,评价患者颞下颌关节功能的变化。结果：13例患者临床疗效满意,随访2月至半年无复发,治疗后患者的颞下颌关节紊乱指数明显改善。结论：采用50%葡萄糖注射剂行关节上腔注射治疗颞下颌关节半脱位和复发性脱位具有良好的效果。     

口腔急诊颞下颌关节脱位发病特点及相关因素分析

目的:分析口腔急诊患者中颞下颌关节脱位的发病特点及相关因素,为防治颞下颌关节脱位提供临床依据.方法:研究对象为2008年1月至2012年10月在解放军第306医院口腔急诊就诊的颞下颌关节脱位患者94例.以问诊调查方式研究分析患者的基本情况、关节脱位的类型、性质、原因及治疗方法等.用x2检验,SPSS16.0数据包进行统计学分析.结果:在口腔急诊患者中颞下颌关节脱位患者占3.60％;年龄分布为8-92岁,20-29岁为40.42％;双侧前脱位为83例(88.30％);急性脱位61例(64.89％);有颞下颌关节疾病史、张口过大造成颞下颌关节脱位74例(78.72％).结论:在口腔急诊颞下颌关节脱位患者以急性、双侧前脱位多见,以有颞下颌关节疾病史加上张口过大,如打哈欠、咬硬物、大笑为诱因居多,手法复位加绷带制动为有效治疗手段,及时诊治颞下颌关节疾病,强化口腔健康宣教对防治颞下颌关节脱位是十分必要的.     

鱼肝油酸钠关节外注射治疗颞下颌关节习惯性脱位95例临床总结

我科应用5％鱼肝油酸钠行关节结节后嵴关节外注射,治疗颞下颌关节习惯性脱位95例,取得较好的临床疗效,现报道如下：临床资料1一般资料：本组颞下颌关节习惯性脱位患者95例,男33例,女62例,年龄18。75岁。单侧关节脱位39例,双侧关节脱位56例,病程1。30年,平均5年。其中因打哈欠或大张口进食诱发关节脱位84例（占88．3％）其他原因诱发关节脱位11例（占11．7％）。     

颌间撬动法复位颞下颌关节脱位的临床效果评价

颞下颌关节前脱位临床上以急性和习惯性前脱位较常见。颞下颌关节脱位后,应及时复位。目前,治疗方法有口内法、口外法和颌间复位法等。我科自2007年11月以来,应用杠杆原理颌间撬动法复位颞下颌关节脱位病例78例,并利用调查表方式统计患者的主观评价。     

肋骨肋软骨移植重建颞下颌关节的临床研究

目的：探讨颞下颌关节真性强直的手术治疗和预防术后的复发。方法：采用自体肋骨肋软骨移植对32例颞下颌关节真性强直患者进行了关节重建术，术后通过测量张口度，计算手术前后张口度的差值、下颌前伸和侧向运动范围，以及颞下颌关节x线片检查等，综合评价手术治疗效果。结果：32例随访1～12年术前后张口度的差值均在2．0cm以上，效果优良，重建关节无骨质吸收，咬合关系良好，下颌具有前伸和侧向运动功能，无复发。结论：自体肋骨肋软骨移植的颞下颌关节重建术是治疗颞下颌关节真性强直的一种较理想方法。     

针刺咀嚼肌神经纤维治疗习惯性颞下颌关节脱位

针刺咀嚼肌神经纤维治疗习惯性颞下颌关节脱位第一军医大学珠江医院（５１０２８２）荆淑文毕绍臣第一军医大学南方医院毕丹作者采用针刺咀嚼肌神经纤维的“气至病所”感传针刺法治疗习惯性颞下颌关节脱位５１例，疗效满意，现报告如下。资料与方法本组５１例，其中男性３...     

颞下颌关节疾病的外科手术治疗

目的：颞下颌关节疾病的治疗包括保守治疗和外科手术治疗，本研究目的是探讨颞下颌关节疾病外科手术治疗的适应证以及手术方法。方法：对1988年至2000年共收治的765例颞下颌关节疾病患者进行回顾性研究。其中颞下颌关节紊乱病患者共418例，颞下颌关节外伤159例，颞下颌关节强直131例，髁状突肥大38例，颞下颌关节肿瘤18例，颞下颌关节感染1例，其中637例进行了外科手术治疗。结果：颞下颌关节紊乱病患中218例行颞下颌关节内窥镜术，21例行颞下颌关节盘复位术，91例行颞下颌关节盘修补术，11例行陈旧性关节脱位放复位术；131例行颞下颌关节成形术；109例行髁状突骨折开放复位术；38例行髁状突截骨术和正颌手术；18例行颞下颌关节肿瘤切除术。结论：颞下颌关节率乱病、损伤、关节强直、肿瘤、畸形以及其他关节疾病的手术适应证范围在不断地扩大，颞下颌关节外科的手术方法也在不断地改良。颞下颌关节科手术治疗正向着微创和恢复关节功能的方向发展。     

Ⅲ类牵引治疗颞下颌关节复发性脱位的临床观察

目的探讨Ⅲ类牵引治疗颞下颌关节复发性脱位的可行性及临床效果。方法颞下颌关节复发性脱位患者10例,4例患者采用正畸片段弓技术,＂8＂字连续结扎法增强支抗行Ⅲ类牵引治疗颞下颌关节复发性脱位;6例患者采用正畸片段弓技术,＂8＂字连续结扎及微型种植钉联合支抗法行Ⅲ类牵引治疗颞下颌关节复发性脱位,随访6个月并观察疗效。结果术后6个月后复诊,10例患者颞下颌关节复发性脱位均未再发生,下颌尖牙均未伸长。结论Ⅲ类牵引使下颌向远中移动,限制下颌过度前伸及开口过大,对颞下颌关节复发性脱位有很好的控制作用。     

Arthrocentesis followed by intra-articular autologous blood injection for the treatment of recurrent temporomandibular joint dislocation

Temporomandibular joint (TMJ) dislocation is an excessive forward movement of the condyle beyond the articular eminence with complete separation of the articular surfaces and fixation in that position. This study was conducted to assess autologous blood injection to the TMJ for the treatment of chronic recurrent TMJ dislocation. Fifteen patients with bilateral chronic recurrent condylar dislocation were included in the study. Bilateral TMJ arthrocentesis was performed on each patient, followed by the injection of 2 ml of autologous blood into the superior joint compartment and 1 ml onto the outer surface of the joint capsule. Preoperative and postoperative assessment included a thorough history and physical examination to determine the maximal mouth opening, presence of pain and sounds, frequency of luxation, recurrence rate, and presence of facial nerve paralysis. Eighty percent of the subjects (12 patients) had a successful outcome with no further episodes of dislocation and required no further treatment at their 1-year follow-up, whereas three patients had recurrent dislocation as early as 2 weeks after treatment. Autologous blood injection is a safe, simple, and cost-effective treatment for chronic recurrent TMJ dislocation.     

Treatment of chronic recurrent dislocation of the temporomandibular joint with injection of autologous blood alone,intermaxillary fixation alone,or both together: a prospective,randomised, controlled clinical trial

Our aim was to evaluate the efficacy of autologous blood injection in the treatment of chronic recurrent dislocation of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) in a prospective randomised controlled clinical study. Forty-eight patients (11 men and 37 women) with chronic recurrent dislocation of the TMJ were randomly assigned to 1 of 3 equally sized groups. Patients in the first group were treated with injection of autologous blood (ABI) alone into the superior joint space and the pericapsular tissues. Those in the second group were treated with intramaxillary fixation (IMF) alone for 4 weeks, and those in the third group were treated with ABI and IMF for 4 weeks. Interincisal distance, digital panoramic radiograph, incidence of recurrent dislocation, and pain in the TMJ were assessed postoperatively at 2 weeks and at 1, 3, 6, and 12 months. The mean (SD) reduction in interincisal distance in the group treated with both techniques was 11.0 (1.9), which was significantly higher than in either the group treated with ABI, which was 8.5 (2.4) or IMF, which was 9.1 (2.1). The results in the ABI group and the IMF group did not differ significantly. The combined group showed the biggest decrease. The ABI alone group had the most recurrences (n = 8, which were treated by repeated injections with no recurrence after the third). The IMF alone group had only 3 and there were none in the combined group. We conclude that ABI is a simple and safe technique for the treatment of dislocation of the TMJ in the outpatient clinic. Recurrence can be overcome by multiple injections. However, the best clinical results are given by a combination of ABI and IMF.     

Investigation of an autologous blood treatment strategy for temporomandibular joint hypermobility in a pig model

Many different surgical and non-surgical techniques are used for the treatment of temporomandibular joint (TMJ) hypermobility. One of these methods is autologous blood injection into the TMJ. The fate of the autologous blood used for treatment of recurring condylar dislocation is still not completely understood. The authors used 12 pigs (Sus scrota f. domestica) as a model species for autologous blood delivery into the TMJ. Blood injection was followed by histopathological analysis at different times after treatment (1 h, 1, 2 and 4 weeks). Samples were examined by magnetic resonance imaging, macroscopic and histological methods. The deposition of the remaining blood was observed in the form of clots in the distal parts of the upper joint cavity 1 h and 1 week after treatment. 2 weeks after treatment, small blood clots were still apparent in the distal part of the upper joint cavity. 4 weeks after surgery, no remnants of blood, changes or adhesions were apparent inside the TMJ. No morphological or histological changes were observed in the TMJ after the injection of autologous blood suggesting another mechanism is involved in the hypermobility treatment.     

Histological evaluation of the changes in temporomandibular joint capsule and retrodiscal ligaments following autologous blood injection

IntroductionIn recent years injection of autologous blood into the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) has been reintroduced as a treatment of chronic recurrent TMJ dislocation. The effects of this treatment on components of the TMJ is not fully understood. The purpose of this article is to evaluate the effects of autologous blood on TMJ capsule and the retrodiscal ligament.Material and methodsA total of 16 healthy adult country bred pig were used in this study. Autologous blood were injected into the upper joint space (4 ml) and around the capsule of TMJ unilaterally (1 ml). This procedure was then repeated on the opposite side only by using 5 ml of 0.9% saline. TMJ capsules and retrodiscal ligaments were examined four weeks following the injections.ResultsHistological examination of TMJs injected with autologous blood revealed fibrotic changes in 81.25% of the retrodiscal ligaments and 56.25% of the capsular areas. Whilst no changes were seen in the retrodiscal ligaments nor in the capsules of TMJs injected with saline alone.ConclusionThere is little published clinical data on the use of autologous blood injection and as such the mechanism of action is still unclear. The rate of induction of fibrosis within the retrodiscal ligaments in this study were similar to previously reported studies and case series. However, further studies to evaluate the mechanism of this safe and simple technique are needed.     

Modified dextrose prolotherapy for recurrent temporomandibular joint dislocation

Conservative interventions with simple procedures and predictable benefits are expected by patients with recurrent dislocation of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ). We have introduced a modified technique of prolotherapy that comprises injection of lignocaine and 50% dextrose at a single site in the posterior periarticular tissues. We studied the effects in 45 younger patients (age range 17–59 years) with non-neurogenic recurrent dislocation of the TMJ, and confirmed the therapeutic effect after more than a year's follow-up. There were appreciable improvements in the number of episodes of dislocation and clicking after the injection. The overall success rate, defined as the absence of any further dislocation or subluxation for more than 6 months, was 41/45 (91%). Of the 41 rehabilitated patients, 26 (63%) required a single injection, 11 (27%) had 2 treatments, and 4 (10%) needed a third injection. All patients tolerated the injections well. The modified dextrose prolotherapy is simple, safe, and cost-effective for the treatment of recurrent dislocation of the TMJ.     

The Effect of Chronic Temporomandibular Joint Dislocation: Frequency on the Success of Autologous Blood Injection

Autologous blood injection (ABI) is a conservative, non-surgical method of treating chronic temporomandibular joint (TMJ) dislocation. Although many clinicians have reported positive results, procedural success has not been evaluated according to dislocation type. This study investigated the success of ABI on chronic TMJ dislocation with respect to dislocation frequency. ABI was used to treat 27 joints in 17 patients. The patients were divided into two groups based on dislocation frequency: (A) at least twice a week on different days and (B) at least twice a day. The procedure was successful in 13 of the 15 injected joints (86.6 %) in group A and six of the 12 injected joints (50 %) in group B. This difference was statistically significant (p = 0.03814). Autologous blood injection had limited success in patients with very frequent dislocation, while it was useful for treating less frequently dislocated TMJs.     

Clinical application of sclerosing agent injection in treating habitual dislocation of temporomandibular joint]

Based on the experimental study, small amount of sclerosing agent was injected to the site outside the joint and below the ridge of TMJ on 105 cases for the treatment of habitual dislocation of TMJ. All of the cases were followed-up for more than 2 years and it was found that the cure rate reached 89 percent, including one case who was followed-up for 19 years free from recurrence. This method is suggested as it is simple to perform and acceptable to the patients. It has to be mentioned, however, that this injection was not so effective for those with cerebrovascular disease associated with habitual dislocation of TMJ.     

A new surgical approach for the treatment of chronic recurrent temporomandibular joint dislocation

Chronic recurrent temporomandibular joint (TMJ) dislocation is defined as the complete loss of articular relationships, during mouth-wide opening, between the articular fossa of the temporal bone and the condyle-disk complex. The most frequent pathogenetic factors involved in chronic recurrent dislocation of the TMJ are supposed to be trauma, abnormal chewing movements, TMJ ligaments, capsule laxity, and masticatory muscles disorders. In fact, TMJ dislocation occurs more frequently in people with general joint laxity and in patients with internal derangement of the TMJ or with occlusal disturbance.Management of TMJ dislocation remains a challenge. Eminectomy, whose validity has been demonstrated by several authors, acts on the bony obstacle, preventing condylar locking, but does not have a therapeutic effect on TMJ ligament and capsular laxity or masticatory muscle incoordination, which seem to be the real cause of TMJ dislocation in most cases.The authors present a mini-invasive modified technique of eminectomy, which aims to act on both the obstacle and the cause with respect and restoration of TMJ biomechanical constraints.     

Treatment of long term anterior dislocation of the TMJ

Acute dislocation of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) is a relatively common occurrence; chronic long-term dislocation is rare. Variance in the duration of dislocation and anatomical considerations make the treatment for long-standing dislocation complex and controversial. This paper attempts to review the literature associated with chronic TMJ dislocation treatment options and presents the authors’ experience with a particularly long term dislocation.