Treatment of neck laxity with a Gore-Tex cervical sling for patients with heavy neck tissues

Treatment of neck laxity is a challenging problem for facial plastic surgeons. Many factors may contribute to this problem, including relaxation of the SMAS- platysma complex, excess submental adipose tissue, loss of skin elasticity, and anatomic factors such as hyoid position. Patients with heavy tissues in the neck area are more likely to have disappointing or short-lived results from neck rejuvenation surgery. Placement of an expanded-polytetrafluoroethylene (Gore-Tex) cervical sling provides additional support to the soft tissues of the neck, improving both initial and long-term cervical contours. This method is used in our practice for most patients with heavy neck tissues undergoing lower facial rejuvenation procedures. The cervical sling is well tolerated and provides the additional benefit of easy adjustability should the soft tissues of the neck further relax.     

Remodeling of the aortic neck with a balloon-expandable stent graft in patients with complicated neck morphology

Graft migration and other device-related problems are more frequent in abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) patients with a complicated neck. We wanted to evaluate the performance of a balloon-expandable stent graft in these cases. Complicated aortic neck morphology was defined as a combination of short (<15 mm) and angulated (>45 degrees) necks with or without circumferential thrombus. Severe aortic angulation was defined as less than 120 degrees. During a 24-month period, 18 consecutive patients with complicated neck anatomy were treated with the Vascular Innovations (VI)-Datascope balloon-expandable endograft. In two patients, a balloon-expandable cuff was implanted to remodel the neck prior to insertion of a bifurcated endograft (Excluder, W.L. Gore & Associates, Flagstaff, AZ). Demographic, procedural, and outcome data were collected prospectively and retrospectively analyzed. All patients had preoperative computed tomographic (CT) angiography to determine aortic neck angulation and were followed with duplex ultrasonography and CT every 3 and 6 months postoperatively to assess aortic neck and sac dilatation, as well as device migration. The VI-Datascope graft consists of an aortounifemoral polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) graft sutured to a proximal balloon-expandable stent. The length of the graft is 40 cm; thus, the distal end of the graft always protrudes through the ipsilateral arteriotomy and can be cut to an appropriate length for each patient. The covered portion of the graft was deployed just below the level of the lowest renal artery. The proximal bare metal stent was deployed in the suprarenal area. An endoluminal hand-sewn anastomosis was performed between the aortounifemoral limb and the distal external iliac or the common femoral arteries. An occluder device was placed in the contralateral common iliac artery to prevent retrograde perfusion of the aneurysm. A femorofemoral 8 mm Dacron graft bypass was then performed to establish flow to the contralateral extremity and pelvis. Using this approach, remodeling and straightening of angulated aortic neck morphology were achieved in all cases, including in 44% of patients with severe aortic neck angulation. The average follow-up period was 11.5 months (4-21 months). There was one early occlusion (<30 days after implantation) of the PTFE limb requiring thrombectomy and one late occlusion (6 months after implantation) requiring thrombectomy and implantation of a Viabahn stent graft (W.L. Gore & Associates). Scheduled CT scans did not show any graft migration or proximal neck dilatation. Neither neck dilatation nor endograft migration was observed with the balloon-expandable stent graft. In patients with complicated aortic neck morphology, balloon-expandable stent grafts such as the VI-Datascope graft provide more secure fixation and better long-term outcomes compared with the more commonly used self-expanding endografts.     

Lower face-lift with extensive neck recontouring

Difficult anatomy and advanced aging continue to pose a challenge to the face-lift surgeon. We present a thorough analysis of the patient with respect to relevant vascular anatomy, as well as our techniques used to address advanced cases, including compartment communication and submental suspension platysmaplasty.     

Scrofuloderma neck with chest wall abscess

Cutaneous tuberculosis (TB) is among the uncommon varieties of tuberculosis but it is also on the rise, commensurate with the general resurgence of the disease. A case of scrofuloderma of neck with tuberculous abscess of anterior chest wall is, hereby, reported. The patient presented with a non-healing ulcer of neck with swelling of anterior chest wall, which responded to antituberculous treatment. This complication of scrofuloderma neck is very rare and should be kept in mind in the differential diagnosis of such lesions.     

颈部小切口内镜下甲状腺切除

随着生活水平的不断提高,人们对头颈部裸露部位的美容要求也越来越高,本医院自2003年4月开始行颈部小切口内镜下甲状腺切除术,至2005年6月共完成26例,取得了比较满意的疗效.现报道如下.     

Efficacy of neck treatment in patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma

BACKGROUND: Treatment of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) addresses the primary tumor and the lymphatic drainage. Modalities for the neck are neck dissection and/or radiation therapy. In most cases, the neck is treated by the modality that seems more appropriate for the primary. The aim of this study was to analyze the results of the neck treatments either by neck dissection alone, by radiation therapy alone or by neck dissection followed by radiation therapy. METHODS: This was a retrospective chart analysis of 699 patients treated for a previously untreated HNSCC. The primary endpoint was recurrence at the treated neck. RESULTS: Two hundred eighty-one (40%) patients underwent primary neck irradiation, 219 (31%) neck dissection alone, and 199 (29%) neck dissection followed by adjuvant irradiation. The 5-year regional control rates after neck dissection alone were 83% for pN0, 75% for pN1, 60% for pN2a, 59% for pN2b, and 50% for pN2c; after radiation alone, 89% for cN0, 87% for cN1, 40% for cN2a, 60% for cN2b, and 48% for cN2c; and after neck dissection with adjuvant radiation, 86% for pN0, 96% for pN1, 100% for pN2a, 88% for pN2b, and 88% for pN2c. CONCLUSIONS: Radiation or neck dissection alone are efficient to control early neck disease. For advanced N2/3 neck disease, neck dissection followed by adjuvant radiation is highly efficient, whereas primary radiation results in a high number of regional failures. The literature suggests planned neck dissection to improve regional control for these patients.     

TURN结合膀胱颈部注射疗法治疗TURP术后膀胱颈挛缩

目的 探讨经尿道膀胱颈部电切术(TURN)结合局部药物注射疗法在经尿道前列腺电切术(TURP)后膀胱颈挛缩治疗中的价值.方法 2006年3月至2009年10月共52例患者接受TURN加膀胱颈部注射地塞米松治疗.首次注射于TURN术后即刻进行,而后每4周行膀胱镜下膀胱颈部地塞米松注射治疗,共4次.随访过程中若膀胱颈部挛缩复发,则再次行TURN术结合定期膀胱颈部注射治疗.结果 所有52例电切镜探查均见膀胱颈部抬高,颈口缩小,黏膜苍白,局部组织僵硬;ToURN术后病理提示:纤维瘢痕组织增生,部分患者标本中可见慢性炎症表现伴淋巴细胞浸润.41例患者(78.8%)1次TURN结合定期注射治疗后,排尿恢复正常,尿流率15～22ml/s,8例患者(15.3%)重复手术结合定期注射治疗后,排尿基本满意,尿流率10～15ml/s,3例患者(5.9%)重复手术结合规律注射后,尿流率<10ml/s,目前仍维持定期尿道扩张.结论 TURN结合局部注射药物疗法是治疗TURP术后膀胱颈挛缩的有效疗法,对顽固性膀胱颈挛缩,也有一定的治疗效果.     

经尿道膀胱颈电切术治疗慢性前列腺炎合并膀胱颈梗阻

目的探讨经尿道膀胱颈电切术治疗慢性前列腺炎合并膀胱颈梗阻的临床效果。方法经尿道膀胱颈部电切术治疗慢性前列腺炎合并膀胱颈梗阻23例,并进行术前术后临床症状和尿流动力学检查及对比。结果所有患者术后排尿通畅,效果满意。随访1～3个月,最大尿流率由（10．78±1．35）mL／s上升至（21．30±0．63）mL／s,差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）;前列腺液及精液检查正常。结论对于慢性前列腺炎合并膀胱颈梗阻患者经药物治疗无效后,可选用经尿道膀胱颈部电切术治疗膀胱颈梗阻。     

A conservation approach to pharyngeal carcinoma with advanced neck disease: optimizing neck management

BACKGROUND: Surgical management of advanced neck disease remains controversial when a conservative approach based on radiotherapy is retained for primary tumors. The objective of this study was to evaluate retrospectively treatment results in pharyngeal cancers presenting with N2-N3 neck disease, using neck dissection followed by radical locoregional radiotherapy (RT) and to compare these results with those obtained in patients treated by radical RT alone. METHODS: From August 1991 to November 1996, 41 patients with carcinomas of the oro- or hypopharynx were staged as T1-T3 N2-N3 M0 (American Joint Committee on Cancer [AJCC] stage IV). Twenty-four patients were treated with neck dissection followed by RT (group 1) and 17 patients with radical RT (group 2) using a progressively accelerated concomitant boost schedule. Chemotherapy was delivered to 6 patients in group 1 and 8 in group 2 partially concomitantly with RT. RESULTS: Three-year actuarial locoregional control was 73% and 55% for groups 1 and 2, respectively (p = .52). The corresponding 3-year actuarial overall survival rates were 37% and 50% (p = .42). Severe postoperative complications were observed after neck dissection in four patients (16%). Acute toxicity during RT was similar in the two groups. Late toxicities were also similar, except for two patients in group 1 who developed severe laryngeal edema. CONCLUSIONS: Neck dissection followed by radical RT to the primary tumor and neck represents a valid treatment option in this subset of patients, allowing good control of advanced neck disease, while at the same time conserving pharyngolaryngeal function. However, for patients who are at high risk of severe postoperative complications, radical RT can be considered a worthy alternative, particularly for oropharyngeal carcinomas.     

内镜技术在面颈部扩张器置入术中的应用

目的探讨运用内镜技术行面颈部扩张器置入的方法及其优点。方法采用远位、垂直或锯齿状小切口，在内镜“直视”下锐性与钝性交替行皮下分离腔隙．运用外部丝线缝合悬吊皮肤维持腔隙，扩张器置入后，放置引流，注射壶外置。术中即刻注水，注水量为扩张器容量的1／5～1／2不等，术后第2天开始按常规注水。观察术后第1、2天术区引流量，皮肤扩张所需时间及并发症发生情况。结果2002年11月至2003年11月，运用内镜行面颈部扩张器置入22例。术后第1、2天引流量5～20ml，较常规方法明显减少。皮肤扩张所需时间1．0～1．5个月．较常规方法提前2～3周完成。无血肿、切口裂开、扩张器外露等并发症发生。术后效果满意。结论运用内镜行面颈部扩张器置入能减少组织创伤，缩短皮肤扩张所需时间，减少并发症发生。     

Salvage treatment for neck recurrence after irradiation alone for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma with clinically positive neck nodes.

BACKGROUND: To analyze the likelihood of salvage for patients with recurrence in the neck after radiotherapy. METHOD: Recurrent disease developed in the neck of 51 patients after primary irradiation for head and neck carcinoma. Salvage was defined as no recurrence of cancer anywhere for at least 1 year after initial salvage treatment and continuously thereafter. RESULTS: Thirty-three patients (65%) did not undergo a salvage attempt: 18 had unresectable disease; 9 were medically unfit, 4 had distant metastasis; and 2 refused treatment. Eighteen patients (35%) underwent salvage treatment with chemotherapy alone (4 patients), chemotherapy and neck dissection (1 patient), neck dissection alone (11 patients), or surgery with radiotherapy (2 patients). After the initial salvage treatment, recurrent local-regional and/or distant disease developed in all patients. Recurrence was in the neck alone in 10 patients (55%); neck and distant sites in 3 patients (17%); neck, primary site, and distant sites in 2 patients (11%); and with distant metastasis alone in 3 patients (17%). Control of neck disease at 5 years was 9% for the 18 patients who underwent a salvage attempt, as well as for all 51 patients. For the overall group, absolute and cause-specific survival rates were both 10% at 5 years. CONCLUSIONS: The likelihood of successful salvage treatment after a neck recurrence following radiotherapy is remote.     

Phalangeal neck fractures with concurrent vascular injury

The outcome in 16 consecutive paediatric cases of phalangeal neck fractures with concurrent vascular injury was investigated. The study group had a mean age of 5 (range 3-11) years. At final follow-up, the outcome was assessed according to Al-Qattan's grading system. The study population was divided into three groups. In group A (n = 3), there was circumferential skin laceration with disruption of both digital arteries and all three patients ended up with an amputation. In group B (n = 11), there was skin laceration on one side of the digit with one disrupted digital artery, and the outcome following surgery was considered good in six, fair in four and poor in the remaining patient. Group C (n = 2) presented with "congested" digits and conservative management resulted in one good and one poor result. Reasons for failure to obtain a single excellent result are discussed. Phalangeal neck fractures with concurrent vascular injury should raise a "red flag" and outcomes may be limited, despite management in a specialist hand surgery facility.     

保留股骨颈的人工髋关节置换术

人工关节的发展经历了一个多世纪，其设计及材质的不断改进是生物力学专家、材料工程师和骨科医生努力的智慧结晶。人工关节置换由髋关节起步，然后拓展到全身其他关节如膝关节、肘关节、肩关节、踝关节，继而发展到指间关节和掌指间关节。[第一段]     

Cementless hip arthroplasty with a modular neck

The authors report the preliminary results obtained in 347 prosthetic implants with hip arthroplasty with a modular neck. The advantages to using this method are related to the chance to adapt to different anatomical conditions: in particular, in primary arthroplasty a straight neck was used in the majority of cases (83%), while in dysplastic hips a straight neck was used in 47.5% of cases and a retroverse neck (8 degrees or 15 degrees) overall in 40% of cases.     

Webbed neck associated with other developmental defects

In patients with a combination of congenital webbed deformity of the neck with the Klippel-Weil syndrome, muscular hyperplasia of lateral masses of the neck and latent cerebrospinal hernias favorable cosmetic results could be obtained by an operative dissection of excessive soft tissues including the muscular and cyst ectopic cerebrospinal membrane tissues.