样品固相净化及高效液相色谱法测定强心药维那利酮的血药浓度

作者用反相高效液相色谱法测定狗血浆中维那利酮的浓度,以自制氧化铝柱先净化血样,净化回收率为86.5±2.77％。在ODS柱上以甲醇-醋酸(1mmol/L)(55:45)为流动相,271nm波长检测,用4-甲氧基哌喹酮为内标,血浆维那利酮最低检出浓度为0.5ng/ml(R/N,3:1),5～500ng/10μl范围内峰面积比与浓度线性关系良好(r=0.99998)。日内和日间精密度分别为1.56％和1.98％(CV),回收率为96.26±5.40%;并用本法测定了麻醉狗灌胃给药后的血药浓度,得到了满意的结果。     

RP-HPLC法测犬体内盐酸阿比多尔血药浓度

目的:建立RP-HPLC法测定犬血浆中阿比多尔浓度.方法:血浆样品加入内标安定,经饱和碳酸钠碱化处理并用乙醚提取后浓缩进样;流动相为甲醇-水相(72:28),水相为5 mmol/L十二烷基硫酸钠,加入1.32%三乙胺,用磷酸调pH值为3.0;色谱柱为汉邦科技Lichrospher C8(5 μm,250 mm×4.6 mm ID.),检测波长为318 nm,流速为1.0 ml/min.测定了犬口服单剂量阿比多尔片100mg后的血药浓度-时间过程.结果:标准曲线线性范围为10～5 000 ng/ml(r=0.9994);25,250,1 000,5 000 ng/ml平均绝对回收率分别为92.1%,94.1%,104.3%,112.7%;25,250,1 000,5 000ng/ml日内精密度分别为8.0%,8.0%,8.1%,1.6%;25,250,1 000,5 000 ng/ml日间精密度分别为16.5%,7.2%,8.0%,1.3%;该方法符合生物样品分析要求.结论:本法的样品处理过程简便,重现性好,适合大批量样品的测定,用于阿比多尔犬体内血药浓度测定取得良好结果.     

小鼠静脉注射色胺酮的体内药物动力学

目的:建立了一种测定小鼠血浆中色胺酮含量的HPLC-UV方法,深入探讨静注色胺酮在小鼠体内的药物动力学过程。方法:采用C18色谱柱(250mm×4.6mm,5μm),甲醇-水(60∶40)作为流动相,检测波长251nm,流速1.0ml/min,室温。采用结构相似的4(3H)-喹唑酮作为内标,研究昆明小鼠被静脉给药后0.167-12.0h期间的浓度-时间(C-t)曲线,计算药物动力学参数。结果:色胺酮质量浓度在0.2-25.0μg/ml范围内线性关系良好,r=0.999 4。LLOQ为0.2μg/ml,LOD为40.0ng/ml。日内日间精密度RSDs均小于2.93%,平均提取回收率大于86.44%。小鼠被静注80 mg/kg色胺酮后,t1/2β为4.00h,V1为3.83L/kg,CL为2.93L/(h·kg),AUC0-12为27.33μg·h/ml,AUC0-∞为28.20μg·h/ml,AUMC0-∞为50.02μg·h2/ml,MRT0-∞为1.83h。结论:本实验建立的HPLC-UV方法操作简单、方便,结果准确、可靠,适用于含色胺酮血浆样品的分析检测与色胺酮的药物动力学研究。色胺酮毒性低、安全性好,在小鼠体内吸收、代谢过程较慢、体内分布广。     

固相萃取-反相高效液相色谱法测定大鼠血浆中羟基积雪草苷的浓度

目的:建立大鼠血浆中羟基积雪草苷测定的高效液相色谱法.方法:固相萃取法对样品进行纯化处后,选用Welchrom-C18柱(250mm×4.6mm,5μm),水-乙腈(24:76)为流动相测定药物含量;流速:1.0ml/min;紫外检测波长:225 nm;柱温:30℃;内标:葫芦素B.结果:在此色谱条件下,羟基积雪草苷和内标葫芦素B的保留时间分别为5.11 min和8.14min.线性范围为5μg/ml～1.5 mg/ml(r=0.9998),最低检测浓度为1μg/ml.方法回收率在90.21%～95.65%,提取回收率在80.65%～87.04%.日内与日间精密度的RSD在1.31%～3.07%(n=5).结论:该检测方法简便可靠,选择性和重现性好,符合常规生物样品检验的要求,可用于羟基积雪草苷在大鼠体内的药代动力学研究.     

高效液相色谱法测定伊潘立酮原料药的含量

目的建立高效液相色谱法测定伊潘立酮原料药的含量。方法采用Dikma Diamonsil C18色谱柱（250 mm×4.6 mm,5μm）;以乙腈：0.2 mol/L甲酸铵（50∶50）为流动相;柱温45℃;检测波长：275 nm;流速：1.0 ml/min。结果本法线性范围为50.55~141.54μg/ml（r=0.999 9）,精密度、重复性、溶液稳定性的RSD均小于2%,检测限10 ng/ml（S/N=3）,定量限30 ng/ml（S/N=10）。结论本法适用于伊潘立酮原料药的含量测定。     

反相高效液相色谱法测定人血浆中奥美拉唑的浓度

目的建立测定奥美拉唑血药浓度的反相高效液相色谱法,考察样品提取及色谱分离条件.方法血浆中加入内标尼美舒利后,用以乙醚提取,进行高效液相色谱法检测.以Dikma Technologies C18柱,甲醇:水:三乙胺:冰醋酸(60:40:0.5:0.5)为流动相进行色谱分离.流速1.0ml/min,检测波长302nm.结果奥美拉唑浓度在50～1 800ng/ml范围内线性良好,r=0.9995.测定浓度为15、100、1 500ng/ml的血浆样品,其日间及日内的RSD分别为0.86%、6.7%、4.93%和3.04%、4.25%、5.22%(n=5).3种浓度的提取回收率分别为77.74%、79.44%和86.30%.结论方法简便、准确、灵敏,可用于奥美拉唑血药浓度的测定.     

兔血浆中顺式阿曲库铵的HPLC-荧光法测定

目的:建立以反相高效液相色谱-荧光法测定兔血浆中顺式阿曲库铵(Cisatracurium)浓度的方法.方法:色谱柱为Agilent Hypersil ODS-C18柱(5μm,4.0mm×125mm),流动相为50mmol/L磷酸二氢钾缓冲液(pH3.0)-乙腈(50:50),荧光检测的激发波长200nm、发射波长320nm.结果:顺式阿曲库铵检测浓度在25～2 000ng/ml线性关系良好,r=0.999 2.最低检测限为25ng/ml,日内精密度RSD≤2/56%,日间精密度RSD≤3.68%;提取回收率为85.2%～86.1%(n=5),加样回收率为93.4%～98.8%.结论:本方法简便,灵敏度高,重现性好,可满足药代动力学研究的需要.     

马来酸罗格列酮缓释片有关物质的测定

目的：建立RP-HPLC法测定马来酸罗格列酮缓释片的有关物质。方法：采用ODS Diamonsil^TM C18（250mm×4．6mm，5μm）色谱柱，流动相为乙腈-0．01mol／L醋酸钠水溶液（冰醋酸调pH=6．0）（57：43）。检测波长为247nm，流速为1．0ml／min。结果：罗格列酮与各杂质及降解产物分离良好，在10-60μg／ml浓度范围内线性关系良好（r=0．9999），平均回收率为99．9％，RSD为0．68％，最低检测限为10ng，最低定量限为70ng。结论：该方法简便、快速、准确、灵敏度高、重复性好，可用于马来酸罗格列酮缓释片有关物质的测定。     

高效液相色谱法测定血浆中的阿替洛尔浓度

目的 :建立测定人血浆中阿替洛尔浓度的HPLC法。方法 :采用混合有机试剂 (氯仿∶异丙醇 ,75∶25,V/V)萃取样品中的药物 ,对干燥后的残渣用流动相复溶 ,应用高效液相色谱法分离 ,采用荧光检测器检测 (检测波长Ex=225nm ,Em=300nm)。流动相为乙腈∶水∶1mol/L磷酸缓冲液6∶89∶5(V/V/V) ,pH=4 ,流速1ml/min ,内标为美托洛尔。结果 :血浆中阿替洛尔在15.6～1000.0ng/ml范围内 ,药物浓度与峰面积比值呈良好的线性关系 (r=0.9996 ,RUN=3)。总回收率为98.78 %±7.96 %。日内和日间差异均小于10%。最低检出限为10ng/ml。结论 :用改进后的高效液相色谱法测定人血浆中阿替洛尔的浓度具有对样品纯化程度高、分析周期短等优点 ,实际应用效果良好     

炎痛喜康血浓测定的高效液相色谱法

本文建立了测定炎痛喜康血药浓度的高效液相色谱法。酸化的血浆用乙醚5ml提取,以1-(2-吡啶偶氮)-2-萘酚为内标,提取溶剂吹干后用甲醇溶解进样。所用固定相为多孔硅胶-氰基(10μm),流动相为pH3的甲醇-0.1mol/L磷酸二氢钾(45∶55)。本法测得样品的最低检测限为2ng;最低检测浓度为50ng/ml(S/N>2),线性范围为0.2～10μg/ml。方法的平均相对回收率为99.5%,日内与日间精密度的变异系数均小于5%。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.