Répercussion de l’asthme induit par l’exercice sur la performance aérobie de l’enfant

Introduction. – Exercise-induced asthma is a clinical syndrome leading to a transient narrowing of the airways after the end of the exercise.Synthesis of results. – In order to observe its effect on aerobic performance 60 prepubescent children including 36 asthmatics have achieved a maximal increased exercise and a 8min constant exercise. The maximal expiratory flow-volume significantly decreased after the 2nd exercise in the exercise-induced asthma children. This means that airways were narrowing with exercise intensity. These narrowing did not seem to have any effect on the aerobic parameters measured in our study.Conclusion. – We conclude that controlled asthma does not limit the aerobic performance in prepubescent children.     

Effet de l’intensité de course sur la force de poussée en rugby

Introduction. – The rugby is a discipline requiring, in the same time, strength qualities and a high aerobic capacity for repeating intense exercises over 2 × 40 min.Synthesis of the facts. – Fourteen rugby players performed a maximal progressive test of journey (running) then two sequences of 40 min, respectively, to 60% and 80% of HR_max, interrupted with pushes on a yoke with constraint gauges. At 80% HR_max, the mean scrummaging force (1466 ± 244 N) was lower (P < 0.05) than at 60% HR_max (1523 ± 266 N).Conclusion. – The qualities of specific force are directly affected by the intensity of running. Therefore, there is a need to optimize the aerobic potential notably for the players of the first line directly concerned by the fight.     

Évaluation de la prévalence de l’hypertension artérielle de l’adulte en milieu du travail à Kinshasa,République Démocratique du Congo

Background

Arterial hypertension (AHT) is a major cardiovascular risk factor in the occurrence of stroke, heart failure, renal insufficiency and coronary heart disease, which are the leading causes of death worldwide. Insufficient data on high blood pressure in the workplace in the Democratic Republic of Congo, led us to carry out an analytical cross-sectional study in November 2015.

La chute de l’érythropoïétine sérique,indice de dopage antérieur,s’observe aussi après exposition à la haute altitude

Summary. – Seric erythropoietin concentration (sEPO) is considered as one of the indicators of doping in subjects who have received recombinant human EPO 10 to 15 days earlier. The aim of this work was to verify if that phenomenon occurs after exposure to high altitude (6,893 m).Methods and results. – Blood samples were collected before and then 10 and 102 days after the expedition. sEpo decreased by 69% on day 10 before returning to control values on day 102.Conclusion. – These results, therefore, suggest that anti-doping control have to carefully take into account this phenomenon and that both direct and indirect markers are needed.     

Imagerie de la trachée de l'adulte

Imaging of normal and pathologic trachea at the thoracic and cervical levels is described extensively. Beside congenital abnormalities discovered in adulthood, acquired tracheal abnormalities are artificially divided in two subgroups. One group consists of diffuse abnormalities, with all but one diseases associated with a diffuse narrowing of the tracheal lumen. The other group comprises focal abnormalities that lead to tracheal stenoses of various lengths, with a postintubation stenosis as probably the most frequent cause, followed by tumours. The main modality for tracheal imaging is now multidetector-row spiral CT. This technique allows for faster volume coverage and higher spatial and temporal resolution. The improved spatial resolution impacts on both axial images and all reconstructions techniques that have become indispensable for interpretation of a vertical structure such as the trachea. Chest X-ray is no longer the frontline imaging technique. MRI has not yet reached all its potential as compared to CT.     

Réponses cardiorespiratoires des personnes âgées sur ergocycle et rameur en vue de l’individualisation de l’entraînement

Aim. – A comparison of cycle and rowing ergometer, the heart rate values at ventilatory threshold 1 (SV1) for healthy elderly people. The derived regression between the two ergometers would make it possible to carry out only one test on either ergometer to set individualized training loads.Methods. – A group of 18 healthy subjects aged 64.4 ± 4.7 years carried out two triangular tests on cycle ergometer and rowing ergometer.Results. – At SV1, heart rate was not significantly different between the two ergometers (118.3 ± 13.0 batt.min^–1 on cycle ergometer; 120.9 ± 15.3 batt.min^–1 on rowing ergometer) and no difference either for the oxygen uptake (17.1 ± 6.2 ml.min^–1.kg^–1 on cycle ergometer; 17.8 ± 6.2 ml.min^–1.kg^–1 on rowing ergometer). On cycling and rowing ergometers, at maximum exercise, the maximum oxygen uptake and maximum ventilatory did not present a significant difference and were represented, respectively, by: 26.5 ± 8.7, 26.1 ± 7.7 ml.min^–1.kg^–1 and 69.5 ± 8.7, 70.3 ± 7.7 l.min^–1.Conclusion. – There was no differences between HR at SV1, no regressions necessary to estimate one HR value from the other and, only one ergometer test is necessary to determine individualized training HR at SV1 in elderly people.     

Variabilité de la fréquence cardiaque en fonction de l'intensité de la pratique physique chez la femme ménopausée

Aim. – Study was to asses the heart rate variability related to the physical practice intensity in post menopausal women.Method. – Time domain measurement of heart rate variability has been realised from the electrocardiogram at rest and during exercice in 3 groups of 6 women : untrained, active and trained. At rest, no significant difference betwen groups appears. But, in the standing position, RR interval and the dispersion around RR interval decrease in trained group only. During submaximal exercise, this dispersion is more elevated in active and trained groups.Conclusion. – Physical practice induces a higher response of sinus node to vagal modulation during standing position and submaximal exercise.