Different prognoses in patients with profound sudden sensorineural hearing loss

Background: Inner ear hemorrhage is increasingly recognized as a cochlear lesion that can cause profound sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSNHL).

Objectives: To investigate changes of cochlear and vestibular function and to compare therapeutic recovery from profound SSNHL induced by different etiologies.

Material and methods: Eighty patients with profound SSNHL (≥90?dB) were divided into an inner ear hemorrhage group and a non-inner ear hemorrhage group by MRI. Statistical analysis was performed to compare the therapeutic effects from vertigo and hearing loss and the outcomes of follow-up in the two groups.

Results: There were significant differences between the two groups in terms of the overall 14-day therapeutic response rate (20 vs. 48%), the incidence of imbalance (26.7 vs. 6%), the incidence of semicircular canal dysfunction on the affected side (60 vs. 20%), the incidence of abnormal C-VEMP and O-VEMP on the affected side (63.3 vs. 38%; and 60 vs. 30%, respectively), the average hearing threshold (74.2?±?10.7 vs. 53.6?±?11.4?dB), and the word recognition score (65.5?±?21.7 vs. 83.5?±?24.5%) at a 12-month follow-up.

Conclusions and significance: A higher percentage of patients with profound SSNHL induced by inner ear hemorrhage were associated with vertigo and had a poor prognosis.     

A sudden bilateral hearing loss caused by inner ear hemorrhage

IntroductionLabyrinthine hemorrhage is a rare cause of sudden deafness and generally concerns only on one side.Case summaryAn 84-year-old man with a past medical history of myelomonocytic chronic leukemia (CMML) suffered from sudden bilateral hearing loss associated with vertigo. The audiogram revealed a left cophosis and a right profound deafness. Videonystagmography showed a left vestibular deficit. The MRI showed a spontaneous strong T1 weighted signal in the left and right labyrinths, corresponding to a bilateral inner ear hemorrhage (IEH). Dizziness resolved rapidly following vestibular physiotherapy, in contrast to hearing which did not improve at all and let the patient isolated in his environment. The patient successfully underwent cochlear implantation so that he could communicate.DiscussionMost IEHs are unilateral and due to anticoagulants treatments and hematological diseases. Only rare cases have described bilateral labyrinth hemorrhage. This is the first case reported of bilateral labyrinth hemorrhage due to CMML.     

突发性聋不同听力曲线类型与血脂代谢异常的相关性分析

目的 分析突发性聋患者血脂代谢特点,探讨突发性聋不同听力曲线类型发病及疗效与血脂代谢的相关性.方法 回顾性分析2012年1月—2019年7月就诊于湖南中医大学第一附属医院耳鼻咽喉头颈外科的385例突发性聋患者的临床资料,其中男163例,女222例,年龄12～85岁,平均46岁.观察突发性聋患者的年龄、不同听力曲线类型及...     

Intratympanic dexamethasone as initial therapy for idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss: Clinical evaluation and laboratory investigation

Objective

To evaluate the effect of intratympanic dexamethasone (ITD) as initial therapy for idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss (ISSHL) as well as to determine the concentration-dependent time course distribution of dexamethasone in the inner ear.

Methods

Sixty-six patients with profound ISSHL were included. Twenty-two were treated with ITD and the rest as control. Audiograms were performed before the treatment and one month afterwards. In the animal study, dexamethasone of different concentrations (5, 10 and 20 mg/ml) was injected into the tympanums of three groups of SD rats (Groups A, B and C), their inner ears dissected free at various postinjection survival intervals. Immunofluorescence was applied to detect the locations of dexamethasone.

Results

The overall rate of good prognosis was 77.27% in ITD group, which was not significantly different from 81.82% in the control group. In the animal study, the higher local concentration and longer lasting period was found in Groups B and C.

Conclusions

ITD at 5 mg/ml did not add effect to systemic steroids in improving hearing outcomes in patients with ISSHL. An increase in dexamethasone concentration led to large variations in pharmacokinetics in animal study, showing potential value in optimizing the drug delivery protocols and improving the therapeutic results.     

Clinical characteristics and prognosis of elderly patients with idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss

Abstract

Objective: This study aimed to explore clinical characteristics and prognosis of elderly cases with sudden sensorineural hearing loss.

Methods: Fifty-five elderly cases with sudden sensorineural hearing loss and 55 younger cases with sudden sensorineural hearing loss were enrolled in the study. Recovery rates of hearing between elderly group and younger group were compared. In elderly group, the recovery rate of hearing in the patients with normal hearing of the contralateral ear was compared to those with hearing loss of the contralateral ear.

Results: The overall recovery rate in the elderly group was 50.9%, significantly lower than 74.5% in the younger group (p?<?.01). Among the elderly group, the patients with normal hearing of the contralateral ear recovered better than those with hearing loss of the contralateral ear (recovery rates, 76.7% versus 20.0%). Among the elderly group, the recovery rate of cases with treatment onset ≤14 days was 64.7%, while the recovery rate of those with treatment onset longer than 14 days was only 28.6%, with significant difference (p?<?.01).

Conclusion: Elderly cases with sudden sensorineural hearing loss had poor prognosis. Prognosis of elderly cases with sudden sensorineural hearing loss was associated with hearing of the contralateral ear and treatment onset.     

中青年突发性耳聋的临床特征及预后分析

目的 探究中青年突发性耳聋的临床特征并分析其预后情况。方法 选取2020年6月—2022年5月就诊于广州医科大学附属第四医院耳鼻咽喉科的147例突发性耳聋患者,根据患者年龄划分,将18～55岁患者作为实验组(n=74),将56～80岁患者作为对照组(n=73),回顾性分析两组突发性耳聋患者的临床资料,比较两组临床特征及预后。结果 两组患者一般情况经比较无统计学意义(P>0.05);耳鸣、耳闷、眩晕等临床症状比较,两组差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);听力损失分级、分型及临床疗效比较,实验组听力损失较轻,低频下降型相对较多见,临床治疗总有效率高,差异均具有统计学意义(P均<0.05);高血压、糖尿病、脑血管疾病等患者突发性耳聋患病率,实验组均低于对照组(P均<0.05)。结论 中青年突发性耳聋患者具有基础疾病少、听力损伤较轻、低频下降型相对多见等临床特征,通过临床积极救治,往往疗效显著,预后良好。     

Chikungunya virus induced sudden sensorineural hearing loss

The aim of this study is to demonstrate the association of Chikungunya virus and sudden sensorineural hearing loss. In the case report described we had a case which developed sudden unilateral sensorineural hearing loss following chikungunya fever. A 15-year-old female presented to us with the complains of unilateral sudden onset of hearing loss following an episode of fever, arthralgia and rashes 1 month ago. At the time of these symptoms there were many cases of chikungunya fever in the city, three being in her locality. Clinically Chikungunya fever was suspected and a positive serological test further confirmed our diagnosis. The hearing loss could thus be attributed to Chikungunya virus. Viruses have always been implicated in causing sudden sensorineural hearing loss but Chikungunya virus as a cause has not been documented earlier making this case report a unique one.     

Clinical associations of serum antiendothelial cell antibodies in patients with sudden sensorineural hearing loss

OBJECTIVES/HYPOTHESIS: The role of antiendothelial cell antibodies in systemic vasculitis has been reported. The aim of the study was to define the clinical associations of serum antiendothelial cell antibodies in patients with sudden sensorineural hearing loss. STUDY DESIGN: A prospective study in patients with sudden sensorineural hearing loss. METHODS: Serum samples were taken from 59 consecutive patients with sudden sensorineural hearing loss at time of presentation and from 28 normal control subjects. Indirect immunofluorescence assay was used to detect antiendothelial cell antibodies. RESULTS: The prevalence of antiendothelial cell antibody detection was 54% (32 of 59 patients), with a statistically significant difference between patients and control subjects (P =.0004). Antiendothelial cell antibody positivity was significantly associated with absent recovery of hearing loss (P =.0020). CONCLUSIONS: The cytotoxicity to endothelial cells of the inner ear by antiendothelial cell antibody-positive sera might play a role in causing the stria vascularis damage in immune-mediated sudden sensorineural deafness. The appearance of antiendothelial cell antibody is related to the poor outcome of hearing loss, and its detection could be helpful in the selection of particular patients with sensorineural hearing loss for specific immunosuppressive treatments.     

巴曲酶治疗突发性聋的临床分析

目的评估巴曲酶治疗突发性聋的效果。方法180例病因不明的突发性聋患者分为3组,分别为丹参 激素组(对照组),丹参 激素 巴曲酶组,丹参 巴曲酶组(激素治疗禁忌)开展平行对照研究。在药物治疗的同时进行高压氧治疗。结果除去不良反应、治疗依从性差等病例,将剩下的164例进行最终统计,分别为巴曲酶 激素组 丹参58例,巴曲酶 丹参组53例,丹参 激素组53例。结果显示,初始听力表现为下坡型、平坦型、极重度型和全聋型的患者,治疗方式对前三种听力曲线患者预后的影响差异无显著性,而全聋组的病例巴曲酶治疗的两组与激素组之间疗效差异有显著性(巴曲酶 丹参 激素组、巴曲酶 丹参组显效率分别为75%、62.5%,丹参 激素组为28.6%,P<0.005);而巴曲酶治疗的两组之间疗效无显著性差异(P>0.05)。结论全聋型的突发性聋治疗中早期进行巴曲酶降纤治疗,可能会获得较为满意的疗效。     

Measurements of normal inner ear on computed tomography in children with congenital sensorineural hearing loss

The objective of this study is to use standardized measurements of the inner ear to see whether there are subtle bony malformations in children with congenital sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) whose temporal bone computed tomography (CT) are grossly normal. The study includes 45 ears with congenital SNHL and grossly normal temporal bone CT scans and 45 ears with normal inner ear structures and normal hearing. Standardized measurements of the inner ear structures were made on axial temporal bone CT scans. Student’s t test was performed to compare the measurements of the two groups. There were significant differences in the measurements of the bony island width of the superior semicircular canal, bony island width of the lateral semicircular canal and maximal height of cochlea between two groups (P < 0.05). In conclusion, standardized measurements of bony labyrinth of inner ear on temporal bone CT can identify subtle abnormalities of inner ear in patients with congenital SNHL having grossly normal radiological images.     

Analysis of thyroid dysfunction in patients with sudden sensorineural hearing loss

BackgroundSudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSHL) refers to the sudden occurrence of unexplained sensorineural hearing loss. The present study showed that different systemic diseases had different influence on the occurrence and hearing outcome of SSHL. Thyroid hormone is one of the important factors for the development of fetal ear and auditory function. However, the distribution of thyroid dysfunction in SSHL patients and the effect of thyroid dysfunction on the occurrence and hearing outcome of SSHL has not been studied.MethodsIn this study, a retrospective analysis had been done in 676 patients with SSHL. We had described the distribution of thyroid function in patients with SSHL in detail, and by the statistical method, analyzed the relationship between the hearing outcome and thyroid dysfunction, respectively.ResultsIn all patients, 24.41% (165/676) had abnormal thyroid function testing results. The onset age of SSHL in FT3 abnormal group (including low and high group) was younger than that in normal FT3 group. Recovery group had more patients with lower-than-normal T3 level as compared to non-recovery patients. Significant associations between T3 levels and hearing outcome were observed in the subgroup with longer time elapse between symptom onset and treatment (≥14 d).ConclusionThe incidence of thyroid dysfunction in SSHL is significantly higher than in the general population. There was obvious relationship between T3 and FT3 item of thyroid dysfunction and the onset time and hearing outcome of SSHL, which indicated that T3 or FT3 indicator may be one of the affecting factors for the SSHL. Early screening and diagnosis of thyroid dysfunction, especial T3 level, may help to evaluate the prognosis in SSHL patients.     

老年与中青年突发性聋的疗效比较

目的 了解老年与中青年突发性聋患者的不同临床特征和疗效。方法 回顾 分析123例（129耳）突发性聋资料,分成两组：老年组（60≥岁）72例（76耳）,中青年组（＜60岁）51例（53耳）。所有患者行皮质类固醇激素、能量合剂等治疗,一部分患者加用高压氧和东菱克栓酶辅助治疗,5例上述治疗无效患者行甲强龙鼓室灌注治疗。结果分析用χ2检验和ｔ检验。结果 两组治疗后的总有效率（痊愈、显效、有效之和）分别为59.2％和69.8％,差异无统计学意义（χ2＝3.26,P＞0.05）,总显效率（痊愈、显效之和）为34.2％和56.6％,差异有统计学意义（χ2＝6.37,P＜0.05）。患者发病至就诊时间差异有统计学意义（t=2.14,P＜0.05）。治疗前健患侧听力差分别为(28.5±13.9)dB和(42.1±28.2)dB ,差异有统计学意义（t=3.64,P＜0.01）。老年组患者合并糖尿病、高血脂症（25/76,48/76）的比例较中青年组（9/53,12/53）高。结论 老年突发性聋患者往往有基础的听力损失,发病呈渐进性和隐匿性,虽然总有效率与中青年患者相似,但显效率较低。类固醇激素鼓室灌注经圆窗渗透对一般治疗无效的部分患者仍有效。     

突发性聋合并糖尿病患者的临床特征及预后分析

目的 探讨突发性聋（突聋）合并糖尿病患者的临床特征及其预后。方法回顾性分析292例突聋患者的临床资料,根据是否合并糖尿病,分为糖尿病组（53例）和非糖尿病组（239例）,对比分析两组患者的临床特征（性别、年龄、耳侧、病程、耳鸣及眩晕伴发率、听力损失程度和听力曲线类型）及听力预后。结果两组中性别、年龄、耳侧、病程和耳鸣及眩晕伴发率差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）;在糖尿病组中听力损失程度以重度及极重度为主（75.47%）,听力曲线以全聋型为主（50.94%）,比例明显高于非糖尿病组（48.96%和30.54%）,经比较差异具有统计学意义（P＜0.05）;治疗后,糖尿病组的总体有效率、痊愈率和显效率分别为43.40%、7.55%和11.32%,均低于非糖尿病组的76.15%、20.92%和25.94%,经比较差异具有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。结论合并糖尿病的突聋患者听力损失程度往往较重,听力曲线以全聋型为主,治疗预后较差。     

突发性感音神经性聋的免疫功能测定

目的探讨突发性感音神经性聋(突聋)的免疫功能变化。方法采用散射比浊法和间接免疫荧光法测定突发性感音神经性聋病人体液免疫及外周血T细胞表型,并与健康对照组进行比较。结果108例突发性感音神经性聋病人体液免疫功能IgG、IgA、IgM、C3、C4浓度分别是(9.81±3.12)g/L,(2.24±0.97)g/L,(1.75±2.94)g/L,(0.97±0.33)g/L,(0.25±0.22)g/L,与健康对照组比较差异无统计学意义,外周血T细胞亚群CD3 、CD4 、CD8 、CD4/CD8分别是62.64±11.86,37.42±10.17,26.08±9.41,1.64±0.75,较健康对照组均减少,其中CD3 、CD4 细胞数量减少有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论突发性感音神经性聋病人有一定的细胞免疫功能障碍。     

突发性聋患者血脂分析

目的 研究血脂与突发性聋(突聋)发病的相关性,为血脂某些指标较高的人群提供预防措施,降低突聋发病率。 方法 检测68例突聋患者(突聋组)及同期住院的80例非突聋患者(对照组)血清总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)、高密度脂蛋白(HDL-C)、低密度脂蛋白(LDL-C)、载脂蛋白a(Apo-A)和载脂蛋白β(Apo-β)的水平,统计分析两组间各血脂指标的差异。 结果 突聋组与对照组间甘油三酯(TG)差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),其余各指标差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);不同听力学曲线及不同听力下降程度的患者之间血脂各指标差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。 结论 血脂中TG升高与突发性聋的发病有一定的关系,控制TG对预防突聋的发生可能有一定的意义。     

影响突发性聋疗效的相关因素研究

目的探讨突发性聋预后的相关因素,指导其预后判断。方法回顾性分析2007年10月-2012年7月710例（748耳）突发性聋患者,应用有序Logistic回归分析,筛选与突发性聋预后相关的因素,对于有统计学意义的因素用非参数检验再次验证,以指导预后分析。结果年龄、病程、伴眩晕症状、治疗前耳聋程度、伴糖尿病与疗效有相关性;性别、耳聋侧别、伴高血压与疗效无相关性,病程长短与疗效有统计学意义（P〉0．05）;不伴眩晕的患者治疗有效率要明显高于伴眩晕的患者（P〈0．05）;糖尿病患者与非糖尿病患者的有效率比较有统计学意义（P〈0．05）;初诊听阈程度与疗效差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。结论影响突发性聋预后的因素有年龄、病程、伴发症状、伴糖尿病、治疗前耳聋稃彦．     

Intratympanic steroids in severe to profound sudden sensorineural hearing loss as salvage treatment

Objectives

Intratympanic steroids are being increasingly used in the treatment of sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSNHL) after the failure of systemic therapy. This study evaluated the efficacy of administering intratympanic dexamethasone (ITD) as a salvage treatment for severe to profound SSNHL.

Methods

We reviewed the medical records of patients who presented with severe to profound SSNHL between January 2007 and December 2009. ITD was given about 14 days after the initial systemic treatment. Successful recovery was defined as complete or partial recovery using Sigel''s criteria. We compared the results of treatment between the severe SSNHL (S-SSNHL) and profound SSNHL (P-SSNHL) groups.

Results

All the patients in the S-SSNHL group showed significant improvement, as compared to the P-SSNHL group (P=0.017). The recovery rate after the initial systemic treatment was 36% (9/25) in the S-SSNHL group and 18.1% (4/22) in the P-SSNHL group (P=0.207). In comparison, the recovery rate of ITD as a salvage treatment was 37.5% (6/16) in the S-SSNHL group and 5.5% (1/18) in the P-SSNHL group (P=0.03).

Conclusion

Our comparative study dose not support the efficacy of ITD as salvage treatment for patients with P-SSNHL as compared with that for S-SSNHL. We recommend that patients with P-SSNHL be informed about the low efficacy of ITD as a salvage treatment.     

新型冠状病毒肺炎相关突发性感音神经性耳聋的研究进展

新型冠状病毒肺炎(COVID-19)是一种传染性极强、严重危害全球公共卫生的疾病。临床表现主要包括发热、咳嗽、乏力等,随着疫情的发展,COVID-19患者病程中出现的突发性感音神经性耳聋(SSNHL)越来越多。SSNHL可以是COVID-19患者的后遗症,也有部分患者以SSNHL为首发和唯一的症状。该文对COVID-19相关SSNHL的最新研究进展作一总结,希望有助于后续的相关研究和临床诊治。     

Prestin autoantibodies screening in idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss

Objectives

To define the clinical association of serum prestin autoantibodies and their impact on prognosis, as specific serum diagnostic markers in patients with idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss (ISSNHL).

高压氧辅助治疗突发性聋的预后及相关因素分析

目的分析高压氧辅助治疗突发性聋的疗效,并探讨其相关预后因素。方法回顾性总结分析2012年1月~2017年1月在南华大学附属第一院诊断并住院治疗的167例突发性聋患者的一般临床资料,根据疗效将患者分为总体有效组（84例）及无效组（83例）,采用单因素及多因素分析的方法分析患者的性别、耳侧、年龄、初诊听阈、是否伴发耳鸣及眩晕、高血压、糖尿病、入院到高压氧治疗间隔、高压氧次数及听力曲线类型等对预后的影响。结果患者总体有效率为50.3%,其中痊愈率、显效率及有效率分别为15.6%、15.6%和19.2%。多因素分析结果显示,初诊听阈、伴发眩晕及入院到高压氧治疗间隔对疗效的影响具有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。结论高压氧辅助治疗突发性聋时,20次左右的高压氧可能足以实现其治疗效果;听力损失程度轻、不伴发眩晕、早期行高压氧治疗的突聋患者预后较好。