Ultrasound-guided nerve block: brachial plexus block

Ultrasonographic guidance has been introduced as an aid to nerve localization, for brachial plexus blockade in the interscalene and infraclavicular regions. Ultrasound-guided interscalene approach and infraclavicular approach were established as an excellent method to provide good analgesia during surgery and relieve post-surgical pain after shoulder or upper arm surgery and forearm or hand surgery respectively. Single shot injection and continuous catheter approach in both nerve blocks were described together with clinical key points based on the ultrasound images.     

Iliac compartment block following ilioinguinal iliohypogastric nerve block

Transient femoral nerve palsy is a known complication associated with percutaneous ilioinguinal iliohypogastric nerve block. Excess volume and higher concentrations of local anesthetic have been implicated for transient femoral nerve palsy. We encountered partial iliac compartment block involving lateral cutaneous nerve of the thigh and femoral nerve with a lower concentration (0.25%) of bupivacaine administered in the smallest indicated volume of 0.25 ml.kg-1 using a double-shot technique.