胃癌微卫星DNA不稳定性和hMSH2 mRNA的表达

目的探讨胃癌微卫星DNA不稳定性与错配修复基因hMSH2 mRNA表达之间的关系. 方法采用PCR-变性聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳-银染技术,对20例胃癌及其癌旁组织D9s171、D9s1604微卫星位点杂合性缺失(LOH)进行分析,原位杂交检测27例胃癌、10例癌旁组织和19例正常胃黏膜中hMSH2 mRNA的表达.结果胃癌D9s171、D9s1604微卫星位点LOH发生率(13/20)较其癌旁组织(6/20)明显增高(P<0.05);两位点与LOH发生之间存在相关性(P<0.05).hMSH2 mRNA阳性表达细胞在胃癌及其癌旁组织中为(42.1±25.9)和(99.7±16.8),较正常标本的(175.8±26.4)明显减少;不同分化程度胃癌组织间hMSH2 mRNA表达阳性率不同, 胃癌组织LOH(+)标本hMSH2 mRNA阳性表达(25.5±10.7)较LOH(-)者(61.2±25.9)显著降低(P<0.05).结论 D9s171、 D9s1604微卫星位点的LOH与胃癌的发生发展有关,胃癌中微卫星DNA不稳定性的产生可能是DNA错配修复基因hMSH2 mRNA低表达所致.     

胃癌组织p16基因微卫星DNA的不稳定性

目的：检测胃癌组织中p16基因D9s171、D9s1604微卫星位点杂合性缺失（LOH）,探讨p16基因微卫星不稳定性（MI）与胃癌发生发展的关系。方法：采用PCR－变性聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳－银染技术对20例胃癌和癌旁组织LOH进行分析。结果：癌组织D9s171和D9s1604的LOH分别为3例和10例,癌旁组织分别为2例和4例。两位点LOH发生率差异无显著性（P＞0．05）。胃癌组织较癌旁组织LOH发生率明显增高（P＜0．05）;早期胃癌与进展期胃癌两个微卫星位点LOH的发生率分别为50％（4／8）和58．3％（7／12）（P＞0．05）;两位点LOH发生存在相关性（P＜0．05）。结论：D9s171,D9s1604微卫星位点的LOH与胃癌的发生发展有关,而与癌细胞的分化程度或胃癌的临床分期无显著相关性。     

胃癌组织p16基因微卫星DNA的不稳定性

目的 :检测胃癌组织中p16基因D9s171、D9s16 0 4微卫星位点杂合性缺失 (LOH) ,探讨p16基因微卫星不稳定性 (MI)与胃癌发生发展的关系。方法 :采用PCR 变性聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳 银染技术对 2 0例胃癌和癌旁组织LOH进行分析。结果 :癌组织D9s171和D9s16 0 4的LOH分别为 3例和 10例 ,癌旁组织分别为 2例和 4例。两位点LOH发生率差异无显著性 (P >0 .0 5 )。胃癌组织较癌旁组织LOH发生率明显增高 (P <0 .0 5 ) ;早期胃癌与进展期胃癌两个微卫星位点LOH的发生率分别为 5 0 % (4/ 8)和 5 8.3% (7/ 12 ) (P >0 0 5 ) ;两位点LOH发生存在相关性(P <0 0 5 )。结论 :D9s171,D9s16 0 4微卫星位点的LOH与胃癌的发生发展有关 ,而与癌细胞的分化程度或胃癌的临床分期无显著相关性     

胃癌组织中错配修复基因hMSH2 mRNA的表达

目的 :研究hMSH2mRNA在胃癌、癌旁及正常胃粘膜组织中的表达。方法 :应用原位杂交技术 ,检测了2 7例胃癌、10例癌旁组织和 19例正常胃粘膜组织中hMSH2mRNA的表达。计数阳性细胞数。结果 :胃癌、癌旁组织与正常胃粘膜组织hMSH2mRNA原位杂交阳性率分别为 74 1% ,6 0 0 % ,6 8 4%。胃癌杂交阳性细胞数 (42 1±2 5 9) ,较癌旁 (99 7± 16 8)与正常组织 (175 8± 2 6 4)显著减少 (P <0 0 1) ;不同临床分期胃癌组织间阳性细胞数差异无显著性 (P >0 0 5 )。结论 :DNA错配修复基因hMSH2mRNA低表达可能导致基因组不稳定性进而诱发肿瘤     

DNA错配修复基因hMSH2蛋白表达与胃癌发生关系的探讨

[目的]探讨DNA错配修复基因hMSH2蛋白表达与胃癌发生以及不同病理类型之间的关系.[方法]应用免疫组化技术检测hMSH2基因在38例胃癌患者的癌组织及其癌旁组织的蛋白表达.[结果]癌细胞阳性表达率(52.63%)明显高于癌旁上皮细胞(23.68%)(P＜0.05);同例中癌细胞和癌旁上皮细胞均表达的为15.79%,同例癌细胞表达而癌旁上皮细胞不表达的例数(14/38)明显多于癌旁上皮细胞表达而癌细胞不表达的例数(3/38)(P＜0.05);高中分化腺癌、低分化腺癌和粘液癌表达阳性率分别为33.33%、52.63%、和70%.[结论]DNA错配修复基因hMSH2蛋白表达与胃癌发生密切相关.     

不同分化程度胃癌组织中hMSH2 mRNA的表达

目的 :研究正常胃粘膜和不同分化程度胃癌胃粘膜组织中hMSH2mRNA的表达。方法 :应用原位杂交技术 ,对 2 7例胃癌 (高、中、低分化分别为 5例 ,9例与 13例 )和 19例正常胃粘膜组织中hMSH2mRNA表达进行检测。结果 :癌组织中杂交信号阳性细胞数与正常组织相比显著减少 (P <0 0 5 )。低分化胃癌 (2 1.8± 10 .6 )与中分化胃癌 (5 0 .9± 19.3)及高分化胃癌 (72 .5± 2 3.3)相比差异显著 (P <0 .0 1)。结论 :hMSH2mRNA表达与胃癌分化程度有关 ,胃癌细胞的分化程度愈低 ,其hMSH2mRNA表达愈低。hMSH2可能对胃癌细胞存在分化诱导或转录水平调控     

死亡相关蛋白激酶基因在胃癌组织中的表达

目的:研究死亡相关蛋白激酶(DAPk)基因在原发性胃癌组织中的表达,探讨其在胃癌发生发展中可能的作用。方法:收集62例原发性胃癌及相对应的癌旁正常组织。应用RT-PCR检测DAPk mRNA表达,免疫组化方法检测DAPk蛋白表达。结果:RT-PCR方法显示DAPk mRNA表达水平在胃癌组织中明显低于癌旁正常组织(OD值为0.2863±0.2027比0.5736±0.1968,P<0.0001)。免疫组化分析显示,DAPk在所有癌旁正常组织中表达均为阳性,积分范围为2-12,平均8.61±2.89;而在胃癌组织中表达则明显减弱或缺失,积分范围为0-9,平均2.90±3.38。DAPk在癌旁正常组织中的表达水平显著高于胃癌组织(P<0.0001)。结论:在原发性胃癌组织中,DAPk mRNA和蛋白表达明显缺失或低下。     

乳腺癌3p染色体微卫星杂合性缺失与血管生成

目的探讨乳腺癌染色体3p区域微卫星杂合性缺失(LOH)与血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)蛋白表达及临床病理特征之间的关系。方法选取乳腺浸润性导管癌病例石蜡组织切块40例。运用激光显微切割技术留取组织中导管癌及正常乳腺细胞,应用毛细管电泳测序技术进行4个微卫星位点的LOH检测。应用免疫组织化学技术SP法检测CD34、VEGF和Her2的表达,分析LOH与乳腺癌临床病理参数的关系。结果 40例乳腺癌患者中D3S1038的LOH发生率为20%(8/40),D3S1295的LOH发生率为37.5%(15/40),D3S1581的LOH发生率为17.5%(7/40),D3S3118的LOH发生率为5%(2/40)。LOH与VEGF的表达呈正相关(r=0.658 0,P<0.01),LOH和MVD也呈正相关(r=0.804 9,P<0.01)。LOH发生率与Her2表达(r=0.539 4)、组织学分级(r=0.497 2)、淋巴结转移(r=0.506 4)、TNM分期(r=0.596 0)均有相关性(均P<0.01)。结论乳腺癌染色体3p微卫星位点LOH与血管生成具有相关性,抑癌基因失活并通过对血管生成的影响可能为肿瘤生长与转移提供了条件;同时检测染色体3p微卫星位点LOH与血管生成情况,可能有助于更全面地了解乳腺癌的生物学特性。     

错配修复基因及微卫星DNA与B细胞非霍奇金淋巴瘤发病机制的关系研究

[摘要] 目的 探讨DNA错配修复基因系统(Mismatch repair gene system, MMR)功能缺陷及微卫星不稳定性( Microsatellite instability, MSI)在B细胞非霍奇金淋巴瘤（Non-Hodgkins lymphoma, NHL）发病机制中的作用。方法 对42例B细胞NHL肿瘤组织,运用免疫组织化学SP法检测hMSH2、hMLH1 蛋白表达情况并采用PCR技术检测4个微卫星位点D17S945、D17S938、D17S947、D17S926的微卫星不稳定性。结果 42例B细胞NHL的肿瘤组织中,hMSH2、 hMLH1蛋白表达缺失率分别为33.33%（14/42）、38.10%（16/42）,MSI阳性率为30.95%(13/42)。hMSH2、hMLH1 蛋白表达缺失及MSI与肿瘤是否发生于淋巴结无关。结论 DNA错配修复系统基因缺陷及微卫星不稳定性在B细胞NHL的发病机制中的作用有限。     

宫颈鳞癌和食管鳞癌共同相关的抑癌基因的研究

目的 比较食管鳞癌和宫颈鳞癌组织中9号染色体相同区域相同位点等位基因杂合性缺失(LOH)率,探索与二者共同相关的抑癌基因.方法 采用显微切割、PCR、变性聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳、AgNO3,染色等技术,检测45例食管鳞癌和46例宫颈鳞癌组织中的9号染色体上7个微卫星位点的LOH.结果 食管鳞癌总LOH率为25.8%(55/213),7个微卫星位点的LOH率从大到小依次为D9S753(42.9%)、D9S303(38.5%)、D9S171(35.7%)、D9S162(36.4%)、D9S242(16.7%)、D9S1748(16.7%)、D9S43(0).宫颈鳞癌中总LOH率为25.2%(54/214),7个微卫星位点的LOH率从大到小依次为D9S171(40.7%)、D9S43(33.3%)、D9S162(3114%)、D9S242(23.7%)、D9s303(17.2%)、D9s753(16.7%)、D9S1748(12.9%).结论 食管鳞癌和官颈鳞癌中存在相同的高频率的LOH位点,9号染色体上可能存在与二者发生发展共同相关的抑癌基因.     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.