SPECT/低剂量CT融合显像技术在肺癌骨转移诊断中的应用

目的探讨SPECT/低剂量CT融合显像在肺癌骨转移诊断中的应用价值。方法选取59例肺癌疑似骨转移患者行99m Tc-MDP全身骨显像及SPECT/低剂量CT融合显像,以随访结果或活检病理学检查结果为诊断标准,比较两种检查方式诊断骨转移的灵敏度,特异度,准确率,阴性、阳性预测值,并分析肺癌骨转移影像学表现。结果1)59例肺癌患者疑似骨转移病灶146处,经随访确诊肺癌骨转移病灶115处,其中发生于脊椎51处,占44.35%,胸廓30处,26.09%,骨盆16处,占13.91%,四肢11处,占9.56%,颅骨7处,占6.09%;2)SPECT/低剂量CT融合显像诊断肺癌骨转移灵敏度、特异度、阳性预测值、阴性预测值及准确率分别为:99.13%、93.55%、98.28%、93.55%、97.95%,均高于SPECT全身显像的97.39%、67.74%、91.80%、87.5%、91.10%,其中特异度、阳性预测值及准确率差异有统计学意义(Fisher=10.144、5.688、7.101,P<0.05);3)鳞癌:脊椎、胸廓、骨盆、四肢、颅骨转移率分别为42.86%、28.57%、14.29%、7.14%、7.14%;溶骨性、成骨性骨破坏分别为75.00%、25.00%;腺癌:脊椎、胸廓、骨盆、四肢、颅骨转移率分别为46.34%、26.83%、13.41%、7.32%、6.10%;溶骨性、成骨性骨破坏分别为68.29%、30.49%,鳞癌、腺癌骨转移部位及骨破坏类型差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论SPECT/低剂量CT融合显像在鉴别诊断肺癌骨转移方面具有良好临床价值,肺腺癌骨转移发生率较高。     

SPECT／CT对脊柱病变鉴别诊断的价值

目的评价SPECT／CT显像在脊柱病变鉴别诊断中的应用价值。方法对53例^99Tc^m-MDP全身骨显像脊柱呈放射性浓聚患者进行SPECT／CT显像,获得SPECT、CT及两者的融合图像。所有病灶均以病理学诊断及6个月以上的影像学随访为最终诊断结果,计算SPECT／CT融合图像的诊断效能。结果SPECT／CT骨显像诊断骨转移肿瘤的灵敏度为96．00％（24／25）,特异性为96．43％（27／28）,准确性为96．23％（51／53）,假阳性率为3．57％（1／28）,假阴性率为4．00％（1／25）,阳性预测值为96．00％（24／25）,阴性预测值为96．43％（27／28）。对脊柱浓聚灶诊断非转移性骨病变的灵敏度为96．43％（27／28）,特异性为96．00％（24／25）,准确性为96．23％（51／53）,假阳性率为4．00％（1／25）,假阴性率为3．57％（1／28）,阳性预测值为96．43％（27／28）,阴性预测值为96．00％（24／25）。结论SPECT／CT同机融合显像结合了CT的解剖定位功能与^99Tc^m-MDP骨显像的高灵敏度,可提高诊断的特异性和准确性,有助于对脊柱病变的鉴别诊断。     

99Tcm-MDP SPECT/CT融合显像在钙化防御诊断中的增益价值

目的探讨99Tcm-MDP SPECT/CT融合显像较常规平面骨显像在钙化防御诊断中的增益价值.资料与方法回顾性分析2019年3月—2020年9月东南大学附属中大医院核医学科42例临床疑诊钙化防御患者,均行全身骨显像和SPECT/CT融合显像,并经皮肤活检确诊.观察全身骨显像和SPECT/CT融合显像(均42例)诊断的...     

探讨SPECT/CT图像融合对骨转移瘤的增益价值

目的 探讨SPECT/CT图像融合技术在诊断骨转移瘤中的应用价值.方法 回顾性分析2010年1月～2013年1月在我院核医学科进行肺癌术前查体的患者资料,其中376例为全身骨显像（whole-body bone scintigraphy,WBBS）,172例为局部SPECT/CT（single photon emission computed tomography-computed tomography）融合图像检查,对两种检查能够提供有效诊断的比例进行统计学比较.以临床诊断或随访结果为最终判定标准,对两组显像方式的灵敏度、特异度、阳性预测值、阴性预测值、准确度进行比较.结果 SPECT/CT的诊断效能明显高于WBBS（Z=2.769,P =0.006）.SPECT/CT显像的灵敏度为94.4％、特异度为89.0％、阳性预测值为86.1％、阴性预测值为95.7％、准确度为91.5％,明显高于SPECT的82.4％（χ^2 =4.281,P=0.039）、80.1％（χ^2=4.085,P=0.043）、54.7％（χ^2=21.658,P =0.000）、94.0％（χ^2 =0.392,P=0.531）、80.6％（χ^2=10.012,P=0.002）.结论 SPECT/CT图像融合较WBBS能够提高骨转移瘤患者的诊断符合率,能够为临床医生提供更多有价值的诊断信息.     

SPECT/CT同机融合显像对肿瘤患者骨转移灶的诊断价值

目的:评价SPECT/CT同机融合显像对单独SPECT难于确诊良恶性的骨病灶的鉴别诊断价值.方法:SPECT骨扫描难于确诊的对53例肿瘤患者的84个病灶行局部SPECT/CT同机融合断层显像.所有患者转移灶确诊以临床病理、MRI、CT、骨扫描复查或PET/CT检查为依据.结果:①SPECT显像无法确诊的84个病灶,经S...     

SPECT和CT融合骨显像在小儿神经母细胞瘤中的应用

目的探讨SPECT和CT融合骨显像在探测小儿神经母细胞瘤（NB）转移性骨肿瘤中的临床价值。方法回顾性分析24例NB患儿,均行全身平面骨显像及局部SPECT和CT融合骨显像。将骨病灶显示的清晰度分为5级（不可见、模糊、可见、清晰、非常清晰）,良恶性诊断的确定性分为3级（不确定、可以确定、十分确定）,诊断效能指标包括灵敏度、特异性及准确性。对显像图像在骨病灶的清晰度显示、良恶性确定性诊断及探测恶性骨病灶的诊断效能方面进行分析,采用秩和检验及χ^2检验进行比较。结果24例NB患儿,全身平面骨显像发现骨病灶72个,有5个骨病灶未能显示,SPECT和CT融合显像和单独SPECT显像均分别发现骨病灶77个。对骨病灶的清晰度显示SPECT和CT融合显像,单独SPECT显像均优于平面显像（日值均为69．000,P均〈0．05）。平面显像和SPECT显像诊断恶性骨病灶的准确性分别为45．45％（35／77）和62．34％（48／77;χ^2=4．416,P〈0．05）,SPECT和CT融合诊断恶性骨病灶的灵敏度、特异性和准确性均较平面显像有提高,分别为82．35％（42／51）和53．19％（25／47）、88．46％（23／26）和40．00％（10／25）、84．42％（65／77）和45．45％（35／77）,χ^2=12．571,14．016和25．667,P均〈0．01。与SPECT显像的特异性（14／26,53．85％）和准确性（48／77,62．34％）相比,SPECT和cT融合诊断恶性骨病灶的特异性和准确性提高（χ^2=7．589,9．606,P均〈0．01）,两者间灵敏度差异无统计学意义（χ^2=2．942,P〉0．05）。SPECT和CT融合显像骨病灶良恶性的确定性诊断优于SPECT（H=28．000,P〈0．05）和平面显像（H=21．000,P〈0．05）。结论SPECT和CT融合骨显像能探测到NB患儿更多的骨病灶,是一种较好的探测NB患儿转移性骨肿瘤的显像方法。     

SPECT/CT融合显像对乳腺癌骨转移的诊断价值

目的 评价SPECT/CT融合显像对^99Tc^m-MDP全身骨显像难于确诊的乳腺癌骨病灶的鉴别诊断价值.方法 对^99Tc^m-MDP全身骨显像难于确诊的132例乳腺癌患者的210个病灶行局部SPECT/CT同机融合断层显像,以临床随访及病理检查获得最终诊断结果,计算SPECT/CT融合显像对骨转移灶的诊断准确率、灵敏度、特异度、阳性预测值及阴性预测值,并对比不同部位病灶的诊断准确率差异.结果 ①210个病灶经SPECT/CT融合断层显像正确诊断的恶性病灶82个（39.0％）,良性病灶112个（53.3％）,诊断准确率为92.4％（194/210）,灵敏度为94.3％,特异度为91.1％,阳性预测值为88.2％,阴性预测值为95.7％.②SPECT/CT同机融合断层显像对不同部位的病灶的诊断准确率不一致,脊椎的诊断准确率最高,为95.9％（94/97）,肋骨最低,为83.7％（36/43）,其差异有统计学意义（χ^2=7.81,P＜0.05）.结论 SPECT/CT同机融合显像能够对^99Tc^m-MDP全身骨显像难于确诊的病灶进行准确诊断,其对不同部位的病灶的诊断准确率有差异,脊椎的诊断准确率最高,肋骨最低.     

Dual Energy CT lung perfusion imaging--correlation with SPECT/CT

Objective

Aims were (1) to determine the diagnostic accuracy of Dual Energy CT (DECT) in the detection of perfusion defects and (2) to evaluate the potential of DECT to improve the sensitivity for PE.

Methods

15 patients underwent Dual Energy pulmonary CT angiography (DE CTPA) and a combination of lung perfusion SPECT/CT and ventilation scintigraphy. CTPA and DE iodine distribution maps as well as perfusion SPECT/CT and inhalation scintigrams were reviewed for pulmonary embolism (PE) diagnosis. DECT and SPECT perfusion images were assessed regarding localization and extent of perfusion defects. Diagnostic accuracy of DE iodine (perfusion) maps was determined with reference to SPECT/CT. Diagnostic accuracies for PE detection of DECT and of SPECT/CT with ventilation scintigraphy were calculated with reference to the consensus reading of all modalities.

Results

DE CTPA had a sensitivity/specificity of 100%/100% for acute PE, while the combination of SPECT/CT and ventilation scintigraphy had a sensitivity/specificity of 85.7%/87.5%. For perfusion defects, DECT iodine maps had a sensitivity/specificity of 76.7% and 98.2%.

Conclusion

DECT is able to identify pulmonary perfusion defects with good accuracy. This technique may potentially enhance the diagnostic accuracy in the assessment of PE.     

SPECT/CT融合显像在肿瘤患者骨盆病变中的诊断价值

目的 评价99Tcm-亚甲基二膦酸盐（MDP） SPECT/CT融合显像对肿瘤患者骨盆转移病灶的诊断价值。 方法 回顾性分析2018年8至12月于四川省肿瘤医院经组织病理学检查确诊为恶性肿瘤且临床疑似有骨转移的148例患者的临床资料,其中男性77例、女性71例,年龄29~86（48.8±14.5）岁。将患者分为原发盆腔肿瘤组（63例）和非原发盆腔肿瘤组（85例）。所有患者在首次行SPECT全身平面骨显像后,对骨盆的异常浓聚灶行SPECT/CT融合显像。经组织病理学检查和（或）影像学检查（SPECT、CT、SPECT/CT、MRI）随访6个月至1年,通过随访结果,比较SPECT平面骨显像与SPECT/CT融合显像诊断骨转移的符合率、准确率和阳性预测值。定性资料的比较采用Pearson χ2检验;采用单因素方差分析比较多个影像学检查的阳性预测值。 结果 SPECT平面骨显像共检出309个代谢增高病灶,其中239个与随访结果相符,诊断符合率为77.3%（239/309）,诊断骨转移的准确率为92.9%（208/224）,诊断良性病变的准确率为77.3%（34/44）。SPECT/CT融合显像共检出367个代谢增高病灶,其中349个与随访结果相符,诊断符合率为95.1%（349/367）,诊断骨转移的准确率为98.4%（299/304）,诊断良性病变的准确率为87.7%（50/57）。SPECT平面骨显像与SPECT/CT融合显像在诊断符合率、骨转移的诊断准确率、良性病变的诊断准确率间的差异均有统计学意义（χ2=0.595、28.795、4.546,均P<0.01）。SPECT/CT融合显像在骨盆病变中检出的病灶数多于SPECT平面骨显像,原发盆腔肿瘤组检出病灶数多于非原发盆腔肿瘤组,且差异有统计学意义（χ2=17.385,P=0.036）。各种影像学检查的阳性预测值以SPECT/CT最高（84%,52/62）,其余依次为SPECT（79%,48/61）、MRI（76%,47/62）和 CT（65%,39/60）,其阳性预测值间的差异有统计学意义（F=5.492,P=0.003）。 结论 与SPECT平面骨显像相比,99Tcm-MDP SPECT/CT可以提高肿瘤患者骨盆转移灶鉴别诊断的准确率和原发性盆腔肿瘤骨转移灶的检出率。     

SPECT/CT in V/Q scanning

Combining the functional data provided by single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) with the anatomical information provided by CT has been shown to improve overall diagnostic accuracy in many areas of nuclear medicine. Although planar lung scans have often relied on correlation with a chest x-ray to help optimize scan interpretation, the advent of 3D lung imaging with SPECT provides the opportunity to combine lung perfusion data with CT images. This can be done by performing the study on a hybrid SPECT/CT scanner, with the CT acquisition typically performed with the use of low-dose parameters, rather than full diagnostic quality settings, or by software fusion with a fully diagnostic CT or a contrast-enhanced CT pulmonary angiogram. Such an approach has been shown to improve specificity and overall accuracy of ventilation/perfusion scintigraphy as well as facilitating more accurate clot localization. With the increased availability of hybrid SPECT/CT scanners, such an approach can be implemented in most imaging departments with little additional acquisition time or radiation dose. Misregistration caused by respiratory motion can impact combined studies, although this can be minimized with attention to patient breathing patterns during image acquisition. For patients with lung cancer, ventilation/perfusion SPECT/CT may have a role in allowing the optimal selection of radiotherapy fields and can improve the preoperative quantification of lung function before resection.     

乳腺癌患者骨病灶SPECT/CT融合显像的临床价值

目的 探讨SPECT/CT融合显像诊断与鉴别乳腺癌患者全身骨显像放射性异常浓聚灶的临床价值。 方法 对25例乳腺癌患者的99Tcm-MDP全身骨显像显示的骨异常放射性浓聚灶行SPECT/CT融合显像。4~8个月后再次行全身骨显像及SPECT/CT融合显像复查。图像由两名有经验的核医学科医师独立分析, 部分CT图像由有经验的放射科医师分析指导。 结果 在25例乳腺癌患者的37个异常放射性浓聚灶中, 确定29(29/37, 78. 38%)个病灶为骨转移灶, 其中有2个椎体病灶在初次检查中判读为良性病灶; 8(8/37, 21. 62%)个病灶为良性病灶, 其中1个肋骨病灶在初次检查中判读为骨转移灶, 比较全身骨显像和SPECT/CT融合显像, 二者之间差异有统计学意义(χ2=6.975, P < 0.05)。骨转移灶主要分布于椎骨及肋骨。全身骨显像和SPECT/CT融合显像的诊断灵敏度、特异度、阳性预测值、阴性预测值和准确率分别为82.76%、75.00%、92.31%、54.55%、81.08%和93.10%、87.50%、96.43%、77.78%、91.89%。采用受试者操作特性曲线(ROC)进行分析, 结果:全身骨显像曲线下面积为0. 860±0. 056, SPECT/CT融合显像曲线下面积为0. 974±0. 020。SPECT/CT融合显像曲线下面积大于全身骨显像曲线下面积, 两者之间差异具有统计学意义(χ2=9. 924, P < 0.001)。 结论 SPECT/CT融合显像较全身骨显像能更好地鉴别出乳腺癌骨病灶的性质, 能够提高诊断准确率, 具有重要的临床价值; 必要时应在4~8个月后复查SPECT/CT。     

SPECT/CT骨显像在肿瘤患者可疑脊柱转移灶中的诊断价值

目的 评价99Tcm-亚甲基二膦酸盐(MDP)SPECT/CT骨显像对肿瘤患者可疑脊柱转移灶的诊断价值.方法 选取76例99Tcm-MDP骨显像可疑脊柱转移灶患者,进行SPECT/CT同机融合显像.76例患者中,与病理(含术中病理)检查结果对照19例,与随访1年余(2006年6月至2006年12月患者,随访至2008年3月)结果对照14例,显像结果与CT及MRI的共同结果对照43例.结果 SPECT/CT显像诊断肿瘤脊柱转移灶的灵敏度为95.83%(23/24),特异性为90.38%(47/52),准确性为92.11%(70/76),阳性预测值为82.14%(23/28),阴性预测值为97.92%(47/48),阳性似然比为9.97,阴性似然比为0.05.结论 SPECT/CT提高了肿瘤可疑脊柱转移灶鉴别诊断的准确性和特异性.     

Validation of a new cardiac image fusion software for three-dimensional integration of myocardial perfusion SPECT and stand-alone 64-slice CT angiography

Purpose Combining the functional information of SPECT myocardial perfusion imaging (SPECT-MPI) and the morphological information of coronary CT angiography (CTA) may allow easier evaluation of the spatial relationship between coronary stenoses and perfusion defects. The aim of the present study was the validation of a novel software solution for three-dimensional (3D) image fusion of SPECT-MPI and CTA. Methods SPECT-MPI with adenosine stress/rest ^99mTc-tetrofosmin was fused with 64-slice CTA in 15 consecutive patients with a single perfusion defect and a single significant coronary artery stenosis (≥50% diameter stenosis). 3D fused SPECT/CT images were analysed by two independent observers with regard to superposition of the stenosed vessel onto the myocardial perfusion defect. Interobserver variability was assessed by recording the X, Y, Z coordinates for the origin of the stenosed coronary artery and the centre of the perfusion defect and measuring the distance between the two landmarks. Results SPECT-MPI revealed a fixed defect in seven patients, a reversible defect in five patients and a mixed defect in three patients and CTA documented a significant stenosis in the respective subtending coronary artery. 3D fused SPECT/CT images showed a match of coronary lesion and perfusion defect in each patient and the fusion process took less than 15 min. Interobserver variability was excellent for landmark detection (r = 1.00 and r = 0.99, p < 0.0001) and very good for the 3D distance between the two landmarks (r = 0.94, p < 0.001). Conclusion 3D SPECT/CT image fusion is feasible, reproducible and allows correct superposition of SPECT segments onto cardiac CT anatomy.     

SPECT/CT骨显像对SAPHO综合征的诊断价值

目的探讨SPECT/CT骨显像在滑膜炎、痤疮、脓疱病、骨肥厚、骨髓炎（SAPHO）综合征诊断中的临床价值。方法回顾性分析临床怀疑SAPHO综合征的11例患者的临床资料及SPECT/CT骨显像结果,所有患者均行99Tcm-MDP全身骨显像+局部断层显像及同机或异机CT扫描,获得SPECT全身骨显像和局部SPECT骨显像、CT显像、SPECT/CT融合显像图像。分析比较SPECT骨显像和SPECT/CT融合显像对SAPHO综合征诊断的准确率、灵敏度和特异度,组间准确率的比较采用χ2检验。结果11例临床怀疑SAPHO综合征患者中,9例经穿刺组织病理或随访病情最终转归而确诊,另外2例为转移瘤。其中,SPECT诊断6例,共发现41个病灶出现放射性浓聚;SPECT/CT诊断9例,共发现44个病灶。SPECT骨显像的灵敏度、特异度和准确率分别为66.7%（6/9）、50.0%（1/2）和63.6%（7/11）;SPECT/CT融合显像的灵敏度、特异度和准确率分别为100%（9/9）、50.0%（1/2）和90.9%（10/11）,SPECT/CT融合显像对SAPHO综合症诊断的准确率明显高于单纯的SPECT显像,且差异具有统计学意义（χ2=11.82,P < 0.05）。结论SPECT/CT的联合应用提高了对病灶解剖定位的准确率及骨显像特异度,可用于SAPHO综合征患者的病灶精准定位、早期诊断与鉴别诊断、更多隐匿病灶检出以及病灶代谢活性评价等,对SAPHO综合征的诊断有较高的临床价值。     

SPECT/CT同机图像融合技术诊断肺动脉栓塞的临床价值

目的探讨SPECT/CT同机图像融合技术对肺动脉栓塞(PE)的诊断价值。方法选择58例可疑肺动脉栓塞(PE)患者,分别进行肺通气/灌注(V/P)显像、螺旋CT血管造影(SCTA)、SPECT/CT同机扫描以及图像融合处理,比较对PE诊断的灵敏度和特异性及准确性的差异。结果V/P显像,SCTA,SPECT/CT对PE诊断的灵敏度、特异性及准确性分别为90.00%、64.29%、77.59%;73.33%、85.71%、79.31%;90.00%、85.71%、87.93%。结论总体看,在PE诊断中,SPECT/CT融合图像技术准确性优于SCTA和V/P显像。     

SPECT/CT对全髋关节置换术后无菌性假体松动的诊断价值

目的探讨SPECT/CT对全髋关节置换术后无菌性假体松动的诊断价值。方法对临床疑似全髋关节置换术后假体松动的58例患者(69个髋关节),行SPECT/CT检查,观察分析其图像特征。最终结果由手术或5个月以上随访确诊。计算SPECT/CT显像对假体松动的诊断灵敏度、特异度和准确度。结果69个髋关节,临床最终确诊假体松动61个(髋臼松动17个,假体柄松动36个,髋臼及假体柄均松动8个)。SPECT/CT显像阳性64个(其中假阳性3个,余61个与手术结果一致);阴性5个,均为真阴性。SPECT/CT对假体松动的诊断灵敏度、特异度、准确度分别为100%(61/61)、62.50%(5/8)、95.65%(66/69)。结论SPECT/CT显像可灵敏、准确地诊断全髋关节置换术后无菌性假体松动的情况,值得临床推广。     

Diagnostic accuracy of integrated FDG-PET/contrast-enhanced CT in staging ovarian cancer: comparison with enhanced CT

Purpose  The purpose of the study is to evaluate the accuracy of integrated positron emission tomography and computed tomography (PET/CT) with ¹⁸F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) with IV contrast for preoperative staging of ovarian cancer, in comparison with enhanced CT, using surgical and histopathological findings as the reference standard. Materials and methods  Forty patients with ovarian cancer underwent FDG-PET/contrast-enhanced CT scans for staging before primary debulking surgery. PET/CT and the CT component separately, were interpreted by two experienced radiologists by consensus for each investigation. Status with regard to lesion inside and outside the pelvis was determined on the basis of histopathology. The significance of differences between the two imaging modalities was determined using the McNemar test. Results  Staging revealed stage I in 18 patients (IA, n = 9; IB, n = 3; IC, n = 6), stage II in seven (IIA, n = 2; IIB, n = 3; IIC, n = 2), stage III in 14 (IIIA, n = 1; IIIB, n = 3; IIIC, n = 10), and stage IV in one. The results of CT and PET/CT were concordant with the final pathological staging in 22 out of 40 (55%) and 30 out of 40 (75%) cases, respectively. The overall lesion-based sensitivity improved from 37.6% (32 out of 85) to 69.4% (59 out of 85), specificity from 97.1% (578 out of 595) to 97.5% (580 out of 595), and accuracy from 89.7% (610 out of 680) to 94.0% (639 out of 680) between CT and PET/CT. There were significant differences in sensitivity and accuracy, with p values of 5.6 × 10⁻⁷ and 1.2 × 10⁻⁷, respectively. Conclusion  Integrated FDG-PET/contrast-enhanced CT is a more accurate imaging modality for staging ovarian cancer and useful for selecting appropriate treatment than enhanced CT.     

Non-enhanced CT versus contrast-enhanced CT in integrated PET/CT studies for nodal staging of rectal cancer

Purpose The purpose of the present study was to determine the diagnostic accuracy of non-enhanced CT and contrast-enhanced CT in integrated PET/CT studies for preoperative nodal staging of rectal cancer. Methods Retrospective analysis was performed in 53 patients with pathologically proven rectal cancer who had been referred for preoperative staging. All patients underwent integrated PET/CT consisting of non-enhanced and contrast-enhanced CT followed by whole-body fluorine-18-fluorodeoxyglucose ([¹⁸F]FDG) PET. Both non-enhanced and contrast-enhanced PET/CT images were evaluated separately by two observers in consensus. The reference standard was histopathologic results. For nodal staging of rectal cancer, we compared diagnostic accuracy on a per-patient basis between the two modalities. Results Nodal staging was correctly determined with non-enhanced studies in 37 patients (70%) and with contrast-enhanced studies in 42 patients (79%). On a per-patient basis, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and accuracy of regional lymph node staging were 85%, 68%, 83%, 72%, and 79%, respectively, with contrast-enhanced studies, and 85%, 42%, 73%, 62%, and 70%, respectively, with non-enhanced studies. The difference in the accuracy of nodal staging between the two modalities was not significant (p = 0.063). Compared with non-enhanced studies, contrast-enhanced studies determined more correctly the status of pararectal lymph nodes (p = 0.002), internal iliac lymph nodes (p = 0.004), and obturator lymph nodes (p < 0.0001). Conclusion Contrast-enhanced PET/CT is superior to non-enhanced PET/CT for precise definition of regional nodal status in rectal cancer.     

SPECT／CT骨显像对肺癌骨转移诊断的增益价值

目的探讨SPECT／CT骨显像在肺癌骨转移诊断中的增益价值。方法146例病理证实为肺癌的患者,静脉注射^99Tc^m-MDP1110MBq,3～6h后按常规方法行全身骨显像。由1位资深核医学科医师分析全身骨显像图像后,决定是否行SPECT／CT显像以及显像视野范围,然后采集SPECT和CT图像。由2位核医学科医师先对全身骨显像的平面图像进行分析,然后分析SPECT／CT融合图像并诊断,诊断分为肿瘤骨转移、无肿瘤骨转移和不能确定。根据术后病理或随访获得正确诊断,分别计算全身骨显像、SPECT／CT融合图像对患者能正确（肿瘤骨转移和无肿瘤骨转移）诊断和不能正确诊断（不能确定和诊断错误）的百分率及其95％可信区间,并分别计算其诊断与最终诊断的符合率及其95％可信区间。全身骨显像和SPECT／CT能否正确诊断的百分率比较采用,检验。结果全身骨显像正确诊断者65例,占44．5％（65／146）;不能正确诊断者81例,占55．5％（81／146）,其95％可信区间为47．4％一63．5％;骨转移诊断的符合率为64．4％（29／45）。SPECT／CT融合图像能正确诊断者131例,占89．7％（131／146）;不能正确诊断者15例,占10．3％（15／146）,其95％可信区间为5．3％～15．2％;骨转移诊断的符合率为93．3％（42／45）。SPECT／CT融合图像的明确诊断率高于全身骨显像（χ2=69．598,P〈0．05）。结论SPECT／CT骨显像在肺癌骨转移诊断中较全身骨显像有增益价值,可以提供更多的诊断信息。     

In-111 octreotide SPECT/CT in the early diagnosis of pulmonary sarcoidosis: A case report

Sarcoidosis is a granulomatous disease of unknown etiology. At present the best diagnostic imaging procedure to assess stage and activity of sarcoidosis is controversial. We report the case of a 50-year-old male admitted with a history of dyspnea and fatigue with past medical history negative for smoking, occupational and environmental risk factors. Physical examination, routine blood tests, and pulmonary function tests were normal except for hypercalciuria. A chest radiograph showed bilateral hilar lymphadenopathy. Single photon emission computed tomography and/or computed tomography (SPECT and/or CT) In-111 Octreotide (Octreoscan) scintigraphy confirmed morphologic involvement of bilateral hilar lymph nodes and a mediastinoscopy biopsy specimen provided diagnosis of pulmonary sarcoidosis (stage 0). This clinical case shows the effectiveness of In-111 Octreotide SPECT and/or CT in the early diagnosis of pulmonary sarcoidosis.Key words: Sarcoidosis, In-111 Octreotide (Octreoscan), Single photon emission computed tomography and/or computed tomography (SPECT and/or CT), Positron-emission tomography (PET), Radiological imaging