儿童特发性血小板减少性紫癜红细胞免疫功能观察

应用郭峰方法测定２０例特发性血小板减少性紫癜（ＩＴＰ）及２０例正常儿童的红细胞免疫功能，结果ＩＴＰ患儿红细胞Ｃ＿３ｂ受体花环率下降，红细胞免疫复合物花环率增高。表明ＩＴＰ患儿红细胞免疫功能受损，血中免疫复合物增加，为临床采用免疫调节剂治疗ＩＴＰ提供了理论依据。     

慢性特发性血小板减少性紫癜患者细胞免疫功能的研究

我们通过检测慢性特发性血小板减少性紫癜（ITP）患者的T淋巴细胞亚群、NK细胞活性、白细胞介素2（IL-2）活性和IL-2分泌细胞（IL-2SC）水平,以探讨慢性ITP患者细胞免疫功能。对象和方法1研究对象慢性ITP,患者16例,男7例,女9例,年龄5～24岁,均为初诊患者。符合首届中华血液学会全国血栓与止血学术会议有关出凝血疾病的诊断标准。正常对照53名,男33名,女20名,年龄5～60岁。2试剂和方法2．1主要试剂、仪器：冻干SPA菌体试剂为上海生物制品研究所产品;CD。、C凤、C民由卫生部武汉生物制品研究所提供;’251－UDR、’H－…     

多种血小板特异性抗体联合检测在特发性血小板减少性紫癜诊断中的价值

特发性血小板减少性紫癜 (ITP)是一类由体液和细胞免疫异常导致血小板破坏增多的疾病[1,2 ] 。血小板自身抗体对ITP的诊断及探讨ITP的发病机制具有重要意义。我们采用单克隆抗体 (单抗 )特异性俘获血小板抗原 (MAIPA)技术并加以改进 ,同时检测了ITP患者 5种血小板糖蛋白(GP)特异性抗体 ,评价其对ITP的诊断价值。病例和方法1　病例　选择我院 2 0 0 2年 3月至 2 0 0 3年 3月ITP患者30例。其中男 12例 ,女 18例 ,年龄 6～ 6 2岁。所有待测者均未接受过血小板输注 ,采集标本时血小板数为 (5～ 6 0 )×10 9/L。采集患者外周血 5ml,5 …     

病毒感染与特发性血小板减少性紫癜

病毒感染与自身免疫笥疾病的关系日益受到,特发性血小板减少性紫癜的发与病毒感染密切相关,不同病毒感染引起的ＩＴＰ可能具有不同的细胞分子机制。     

特发性血小板减少性紫癜患儿免疫功能观察

特发性血小板减少性紫癜患儿免疫功能观察刘文彬查正科袁丽我们检测５２例特发性血小板减少性紫癜（ＩＴＰ）患儿的血清免疫球蛋白、Ｔ淋巴细胞亚群、白细胞介素２（ＩＬ－２）活性及白细胞介素２受体（ＩＬ－２Ｒ）表达，以探讨免疫功能异常在本病发病中的作用。对象和方...     

巨细胞病毒感染与儿童特发性血小板减少性紫癜

巨细胞病毒感染与儿童特发性血小板减少性紫癜李兰娜佟莉贞何丽雅赖冬波伍劲松我们用聚合酶链反应（ＰＣＲ）技术检测１０３例特发性血小板减少性紫癜（ＩＴＰ）患儿巨细胞病毒（ＣＭＶ）－ＤＮＡ、ＣＭＶ－ＩｇＭ水平和Ｔ－淋巴细胞（Ｔ－细胞）转化功能，以探讨ＣＭＶ感...     

特发性血小板减少性紫癜并发颅内多发性出血1例

患者女,37岁,患特发性血小板减少性紫癜2年余。因突发头昏、头痛、呕吐、意识不清8小时就诊。查体:全身散在瘀斑、瘀点,以四肢明显;神志模糊、言语不清、呈嗜睡状。双侧瞳孔等大、直径3 0mm ,光反射迟钝,双侧肌力4级。实验室检查:WBC3 3×10 9/L、Hb12 5g/L、PLT2×10 9/L ,骨髓巨核细胞增加;凝血四项示:PT (凝血酶原时间) 10 5秒(正常对照12 3秒) :CT扫描示:脑实质及脑室内可见多个类圆形高密度影(CT值75 3Hu) ,大小不一、边界清楚,周围可见低密度水肿带,其中右侧小脑半球处出血灶约2cm×2cm ;各脑室脑池形态大小正常,中线结构无…     

特发性血小板减少性紫癜的临床及相关因素分析

目的:探讨、分析不同药物对ITP的疗效及相关因素。方法:总结、分析20年来我院住院病例。结果:ITP对皮质激素的反应率为70％,其中显效57.5％,显效病人80％左右在2周内血小板达100×10~9/L以上。而皮质激素疗效不好的病人,达那唑和VCR疗效均不佳。病人的疗效在不同年龄组、初治时血小板的数量及骨髓裸核细胞值各组间对比,P值<0.01,有显著性差异。提示:ITP疗效与病人的年龄、初治时血小板数量及骨髓裸核细胞数值有关。     

红细胞CR1分子在RA患者表达、免疫功能及意义的探讨

目的 通过检测类风湿性关节炎(趾)患者红细胞膜C3b受体(CR1)的活性和红细胞膜吸附的免疫复合物(CIC),探讨患者红细胞CRl及红细胞免疫粘附(RCIA)功能与疾病的关系.方法 ①采用免疫酶联(ELSIA)法测定CR1活性.②采用C3b受体花环(RBc-C3bR)和红细胞免疫复合物花环(RBC-ICR)试验,以两者的形成率作为评价红细胞免疫活性的指标.结果 ①RA患者红细胞CR1分子表达水平显著低于对照组(P<0.01),活动期患者红细胞CR1分子的数量表达水平显著低于稳定期患者(P<0.01).②RA患者RBC-C3bR(%)显著降低(P<0.01),RBC-ICR(%)显著升高(P<0.01);RA活动期患者RBC-C3BR(%)水平显著低于RA稳定期患者(P<0.01),RA活动期患者RBC-ICR(%)水平显著高于RA稳定期患者(P<0.01).结论 ①RA患者红细胞CR1分子的活性降低,活动期患者低于稳定期患者.②RA患者RCIA功能降低,RA活动期患者低于趾稳定期患者.此结果为拓宽诊疗途径提供了理论依据.     

载脂蛋白E基因多态性与脑性瘫痪相关性的初步研究

目的 探讨中国汉族儿童脑性瘫痪与载脂蛋白E基因多态性的关系.方法 选取中国汉族儿童,其中120名为脑性瘫痪患儿,设为脑瘫组,120例为正常儿童,设为对照组.应用聚合酶链反应与限制性片断长度多态性分析方法测定脑瘫组和对照组的载脂蛋白E基因型和等位基因,并探讨载脂蛋白E基因多态性与脑性瘫痪的关系.结果 对照组和脑瘫组载脂蛋白E基因型分布符合Hardy-Weinberg定律(P＞0.05),对照组与脑瘫组的载脂蛋白E基因型和等位基因频率分布差异有统计学意义(P＜0.01),携带ε4等位基因在对照组、脑瘫组间差异有统计学意义(P＜0.01),携带ε4等位基因的儿童患脑性瘫痪的风险性提高5.455倍(OR=5.455,95%CI:2.059～14.455).结论 载脂蛋白E的ε4等位基因与脑性瘫痪的发病相关,是脑性瘫痪发病的遗传易感因子.

Abstract：

Objective To investigate the association between apolipoprotein E (apoE) genotype polymorphism and cerebral palsy (CP) in Han Chinese children. Methods Two hundred and forty Han Chinese children were selected, including 120 children with cerebral palsy (CP group) and 120 normal children (control group).Polymerase chain reaction-restricted fragment length polymorphism analysis was used to determine the genotype and alleles of apoE genotype in the two groups. Results The genotype distributions of apoE in the two groups were consistent with the existence of a Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. There were significant differences in the distributions of allelic frequency and apoE genotype between the two groups. Carrying the ε4 allele was related to cerebral palsy, and the overall risk for cerebral palsy was elevated about 5.5-fold among children carrying the ε4 allele.Conclusions There is an association between apoE genotype and cerebral palsy, and apoE's ε4 allele is the associated risk factor.     

Endocrinologic function following cranial irradiation in acute lymphoblastic leukemia in childhood]

Endocrinological function was evaluated in 31 children after successful treatment of acute lymphoblastic leukaemia. All patients had received combination chemotherapy and 12-24Gy of cranial irradiation according to the German therapy protocols BFM-81, BFM-83 and BFM-86. Height, weight, bone age and pubertal development, as well as hypothalamic-pituitary function were measured. Long-term linear growth was unaffected in all patients. However, 9 patients showed subnormal serum growth hormone levels in response to pharmacological stimulation of the pituitary. All patients had normal levels of T3 and T4, but one patient showed an increased response of thyrotropin to thyrotropin releasing hormone. All prepubertal and postpubertal children demonstrated appropriate secretion of follicle-stimulation hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) after stimulation with LH-releasing hormone (LH-RH). 3 pubertal girls showed adequate oestradiol levels, but abnormally high levels of gonadotropins in response to LH-RH. Sexual development was normal in two of them, but the third had a late menarche and irregular menses. The significance of these findings is discussed in the context of recommendations possibly to further reduce or completely delete prophylactic cranial irradiation.     

轻度认知功能障碍的神经心理学研究和ApoE基因多态性分析

目的探讨轻度认知功能障碍(MCI)患者神经心理学和ApoE基因多态性与健康老年的差异。方法对23例MCI患者和28例健康对照进行简易精神状态检查表、日常生活行为量表、Preffer门诊患者功能缺损调查表、物体记忆测验、词语流畅性测验、数字广度、逻辑记忆、无意义图形、画钟测验、延迟记忆、临床痴呆量表、总体衰退量表、Hachinski缺血积分量表、流调用自评抑郁量表等神经心理学及ApoE基因检查。结果神经心理学检查显示：MCI患者的记忆、执行功能、视空间能力以及注意力、计算力与健康对照组有显著性差异(P＜0．05～0．001)，尤以记忆(逻辑记忆和语义记忆)最为突出，命名保留，日常生活能力正常；ApoE基因多态性检查显示，McI患者￡4携带率约为健康对照的10倍。结论McI是AD的危险因素，应用神经心理学敏感指标结合其他生物学指标如ApoE基因多态性检测可提高AD早期诊断的敏感性和特异性。     

胸腺五肽辅助治疗儿童反复呼吸道感染的临床疗效及对免疫功能的影响

目的：观察胸腺五肽辅助治疗儿童反复呼吸道感染的疗效及对机体免疫功能的影响。方法选取80例反复呼吸道感染患儿,按随机数字表法分为观察组和对照组各40例,对照组给予常规治疗,观察组在此基础上再给予胸腺五肽治疗,随访6个月,观察患儿症状改善情况,检测 T 细胞亚群和免疫球蛋白水平及不良反应。结果观察组热退时间、咳嗽消失时间、扁桃体肿大消退时间、肺部啰音消失时间明显低于对照组(P <0.01);观察组痊愈率及显效率分别为37.5%(15/40)、45.0%(18/40),对照组痊愈率及显效率分别为10.0%(4/40)和 15.0%(6/15 ),两组痊愈率及有效率比较差异均有统计学意义(P <0.05);观察组治疗后 CD3+,CD4+和 CD4+/CD8+水平均明显高于治疗前和对照组治疗后,而 CD8+水平均明显低于治疗前和治疗后的对照组(P <0.05),两组治疗后 IgA、IgG 和 IgM比较差异均无明显的统计学意义,两组患儿均未发生明显的不良反应。结论胸腺五肽辅助治疗儿童反复呼吸道感染疗效确切、安全性佳,能有效改善患儿免疫功能。     

Differential expression of the duffy antigen receptor for chemokines according to RBC age and FY genotype

BACKGROUND: The Duffy (Fy) blood group (also known as Duffy antigen receptor for chemokines, or DARC) may be involved in regulation of the level of circulating proinflammatory chemokines, and it is an obligatory receptor on RBCs for the human malaria parasite Plasmodium vivax. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: Because quantification of Fy expression by using RBCs of various ages will not detect acute changes associated with inflammatory states, and because P. vivax exclusively invades reticulocytes, a flow cytometric method was developed to measure the level of surface expression of Fy. Reticulocytes and mature RBCs from persons with different genotypes (GATA-1 T-->C promoter mutation at nt -46; FY*A and FY*B in the ORF) were used. RESULTS: Expression of the Fy6 epitope, which is required for P. vivax invasion, was 49 +/- 19 percent higher on reticulocytes than on mature RBCs, regardless of donor genotype (p<0.0001). Fy6 levels were approximately 50 percent lower in persons who were heterozygous for the GATA-1 promoter mutation and were significantly lower on reticulocytes and mature RBCs of the FY*B/FY*B genotype than on those of the FY*A/FY*A or FY*A/FY*B genotype. CONCLUSION: Fy has greater expression on reticulocytes than on mature RBCs in flow cytometry. This method may be useful in further studies of this antigen, such as characterization of reticulocytes and RBC phenotypes across populations, in response to chemokine regulation, and in the context of susceptibility to P. vivax and other parasites.     

Establishment of reference values for fructosamine and HbA1c in childhood]

Reference values for fructosamine and glycated haemoglobin in children are still lacking. Using samples from 522 children (age range 1 day to 9 years), plasma electrophoresis was performed, fructosamine and total protein were determined in EDTA-plasma, and glucose and the fraction of glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) were determined in EDTA blood. The results were grouped according to age (1, 3 and 5 days, 6-28 days, 2-12 months, 2-3 years, 4-6 years, and 7-9 years). Differences between the age groups were determined using the Mann-Whitney-U-test, and the values in each group were summarized where possible. The 95%-interval was calculated for fructosamine, protein-corrected fructosamine, and HbA1c.     

血液保存对红细胞携氧功能及能量代谢的影响

目的探讨血液保存时间和过滤、离心等前处理操作对红细胞携氧功能及能量代谢的影响。方法取不同保存期血样用血氧分析仪检测携氧能力并同时测定葡萄糖、Na+、K+及乳酸脱氢酶等能量代谢相关指标。结果全血和悬浮红细胞的有效携氧量随保存时间延长逐渐减少,在第1周分别下降了27.5%和19.2%。到保存末期,全血的有效携氧量仅为"新鲜血"的39%,悬浮红细胞也只有采血当天的51%。P50值在保存期总体呈减小趋势,在开始2周减少较快,随后变化不明显。葡萄糖逐渐消耗;乳酸脱氢酶随时间逐渐增加,全血到保存末期为采血时的近3倍。Na+浓度呈进行性下降,K+浓度逐渐增加,到保存末期悬浮红细胞K+增加了3倍。结论血液保存时间和前处理操作等对血红细胞携氧能力及能量代谢有重要影响,过滤、离心等操作会对红细胞造成一次性损伤。     

Haptoglobin: function and polymorphism

Haptoglobin is an acute phase protein capable of binding haemoglobin, thus preventing iron loss and renal damage. Haptoglobin also acts as an antioxidant, has antibacterial activity and plays a role in modulating many aspects of the acute phase response. There are 3 major haptoglobin phenotypes--Hp(1-1), Hp(2-1) and Hp(2-2). Possession of a particular phenotype has been associated with a variety of common disorders (e.g. cardiovascular disease, autoimmune disorders, malignancy), a fact which can only be explained by the idea that possession of a particular phenotype offers some protection against the development of these disorders. Knowledge of phenotype could therefore aid in the prognosis of disease and allow treatment to be better tailored to suit an individuals' needs.