治疗前预后营养指数和控制营养状态评分对卵巢癌患者预后的预测价值

目的 探讨治疗前预后营养指数(PNI)和控制营养状态(CONUT)评分在卵巢癌患者预后预测中的价值。方法 回顾性分析2010—2017年宜宾市第三人民医院收治的132例卵巢癌患者的基线资料,计算PNI和CONUT评分,随访截至2022年12月30日,采用Kaplan-Meier法绘制生存曲线,采用Log-rank检验和Cox回归分析法探讨卵巢癌患者预后的影响因素。结果 本组患者中位随访时间71个月,随访期内死亡28例(占21.2%),患者3年生存率和5年生存率分别为91.7%和59.8%。受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线显示,PNI和CONUT评分预测患者预后的曲线下面积分别为0.977和0.989,最佳截断值分别为40.9和3.5分。Cox多因素分析显示,PNI、CONUT评分、国际妇产科联盟(FIGO)分期是卵巢癌患者预后的独立影响因素(HR=0.604、3.339、6.771,P<0.05)。结论 治疗前营养、炎症和免疫状况与卵巢癌患者预后密切相关,治疗前PNI、CONUT评分和FIGO分期可作为患者预后的独立预测因子。     

控制营养状态评分评估根治性胃癌切除术患者预后的临床价值

目的评估术前控制营养状态(CONUT)评分与根治性胃癌切除术患者临床预后的关系。方法回顾性分析2011年2月至2013年12月行根治性胃癌切除术的231例患者,评估每例患者的CONUT评分,根据CONUT评分将所有患者分为高CONUT评分组(CONUT评分≥3分,n=64)和低CONUT评分组(CONUT评分<3分,n=167)。采用Kaplan-Meier曲线评价两组患者5年无病生存率(DFS)差异。采用COX回归评价5年DFS的独立危险因子。结果高CONUT评分组患者5年DFS较低CONUT评分组明显降低(46.9%vs.71.3%,P=0.001)。多因素COX回归分析显示,TNM分期(HR:1.524,95%CI:1.162~1.998,P=0.002)、CONUT评分(HR:1.997,95%CI:1.283~3.108,P=0.002)是5年DFS的独立危险因子。结论术前CONUT评分是评估根治性胃癌切除术患者预后的潜在指标之一,术前高CONUT评分往往提示患者预后不佳。     

营养控制状态评分对初治弥漫大B细胞淋巴瘤老年患者预后的预测价值

目的:探讨营养控制状态(CONUT)评分对初治弥漫大B细胞淋巴瘤(DLBCL)老年患者预后的预测价值。方法:选择2013年1月至2018年12月,于西安交通大学第一附属医院收治的129例初治DLBCL老年患者(≥60岁)为研究对象。患者中位年龄为66岁(60～83岁);男性患者为75例,女性为54例。回顾性分析患者的临...     

创伤性脑损伤患者血清PCT，sTREM-1水平检测联合GCS评分对临床预后评估的价值

目的　探讨创伤性脑损伤（traumatic brain injury,TBI）患者血清降钙素原（procalcitonin,PCT）、可溶性髓样细胞触发受体-1（soluble triggering re ceptor-1,sTREM-1）水平检测联合格拉斯哥昏迷评分（Glasgow comd scale,GCS）对临床预后评估的价值。方法　选取2018年1月～2020年5月涿州市医院收治的TBI患者142例,根据28天预后情况分成存活组（n=110）和死亡组（n=32）。采用格拉斯哥昏迷评分（GCS）分为轻度组（n=10,13~15分）、中度组（n=79,9~12分）和重度组（n=53,3~8分）。比较各组血清PCT及sTREM-1水平,绘制受试者工作特征（ROC）曲线分析PCT,sTREM-1及GCS评分预测TBI患者死亡的价值。结果　死亡组血清PCT（1.91±1.06ng/ml vs 0.48±0.30ng/ml）及sTREM-1（60.28±9.74pg/ml vs 36.50±6.83pg/ml）水平均明显高于存活组,差异均有统计学意义（t=8.284, 8.117,均P<0.01）。重度组血清PCT（1.74±0.95ng/ml vs 0.63±0.38ng/ml）及sTREM-1（53.90±8.32pg/ml vs 42.70±7.26pg/ml）水平均明显高于轻中度组,差异具有统计学意义（t=7.506, 6.974,均P＜0.01）。ROC曲线分析显示,PCT,sTREM-1及GCS评分三项联合预测TBI患者死亡的曲线下面积（0.928,95%CI :0.870～0.991）最大,其敏感度和特异度分别为94.8%和87.0%。结论　血清PCT及sTREM-1水平升高与TBI患者的病情严重程度相关,联合GCS评分对TBI患者预后评估有较好的价值。     

血清S100B检测对创伤性脑损伤的诊断价值

目的 分析创伤性脑损伤患者进行血清S100B检测对评估伤重程度及患者预后情况的价值。方法 选择2019年6月—2021年9月江苏省张家港市第一人民医院收治的72例创伤性脑损伤患者为研究对象,根据患者入院时格拉斯哥昏迷评分（Glasgow Coma Scale,GCS）划分3组,即轻度组（24例）、中度组（24例）、重度组（24例）,均进行血清S100B检测。比较3组患者入院后1、3、5 d血清S100B检测结果差异。同时对患者进行为期3个月的跟踪随访,评估患者预后GSC评分,根据结果划分两组,即预后良好组（36例）、预后不良组（36例）,同样对比分析两组患者入院后1、3、5 d血清S100B检测结果差异。结果 创伤性脑损伤轻度、中度组患者随着治疗进度血清S100B检测结果均呈现下降趋势,重度组患者呈现升高趋势。轻度组患者入院后1 d血清S100B检测结果（1.05±0.25）μg/L、3 d血清S100B检测结果为（0.66±0.18）μg/L及5 d血清S100B检测结果（0.49±0.15）μg/L明显低于中度组与重度组患者,差异有统计学意义（F=26.135、148.107、11...     

预后营养指数在恶性淋巴瘤患者中的预后价值

血液系统肿瘤的发病率及死亡率近年呈逐步上升趋势,成为影响公众健康的重大疾病之一.机体营养和炎症状态被证实在血液系统疾病的发生、发展及预后中发挥重要作用.预后营养指数(prognostic nutritional index,PNI)是反映机体营养和炎症状态的一个重要参数,通过血清白蛋白水平和外周血淋巴细胞计数计算得来....     

血乳酸联合神经元特异性烯醇化酶预测创伤性脑损伤患者预后的价值

目的:探讨血乳酸联合神经元特异性烯醇化酶(NSE)水平预测创伤性脑损伤(TBI)患者预后的价值。方法:选取我院收治的TBI患者148例,根据28 d预后情况分成存活组(n=117)和死亡组(n=31)。根据格拉斯哥昏迷评分(GCS)分为轻度组(n=96,9分≤GCS≤15分)和重度组(n=52,3分≤GCS≤8分)。比较各组第1、3、5天血乳酸及NSE水平变化。应用受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线分析血乳酸及NSE水平预测TBI患者死亡的价值。采用Pearson相关分析TBI患者血乳酸及NSE水平与GCS评分的相关性。结果:死亡组第1、3、5天血乳酸及NSE水平均明显高于存活组(P0.05),且死亡组血乳酸及NSE水平呈升高趋势(P0.05)。重度组第1、3、5天血乳酸及NSE水平均明显高于轻度组(P0.05),且重度组血乳酸及NSE水平呈升高趋势(P0.05)。ROC曲线显示,第3天血乳酸及NSE水平两项联合预测TBI患者死亡的曲线下面积最大(0.922,95%CI:0.858～0.970),其敏感度和特异度分别为92.6%和87.0%。相关分析显示,死亡组血乳酸及NSE水平与GCS评分均呈负相关(r=-0.763、-0.820,P0.01),血乳酸与NSE水平呈正相关(r=0.804,P0.01)。结论:血乳酸与NSE水平升高与TBI患者的病情严重程度相关,血乳酸联合NSE水平预测TBI患者预后的价值较高。     

急性胰腺炎床边指数评分对疾病程度及预后的预测价值

目的与急性胰腺炎（acute pancreatitis,AP）传统评分系统进行比较,探讨急性胰腺炎严重程度床边指数（bedside index for severity in acute pancreatitis,BISAP）评分对疾病程度及预后的预测价值。方法 202例AP患者分别行BISAP、急性生理和慢性健康状况评分（Acute Physiology and Chronic Health EvaluationⅡ,APACHEⅡ）及Ranson评分,比较分析3种评分系统预测AP严重程度、局部并发症、器官功能衰竭的价值。结果 202例AP患者,轻症急性胰腺炎（mild acute pancreatitis,MAP）103例,重症急性胰腺炎（severe acute pancreatitis,SAP）99例;SAP患者发生局部并发症62例,器官功能衰竭60例,23例二类并发症均存在;BISAP评分预测SAP的AUC为0.881（95%CI：0.836-0.927）,最佳cutoff值为2,其预测SAP敏感性、特异性、阳性预测值及阴性预测值分别为88.89%、71.84%、75.21%和87.06%;预测SAP患者局部并发症的AUC为0.715（95%CI：0.644-0.785）,最佳cutoff值为3,预测SAP局部并发症的敏感性、特异性、阳性预测值及阴性预测值分别为77.42%、75.00%、57.83%和88.24%;预测SAP患者器官功能衰竭的AUC为0.884（95%CI：0.837-0.931）,最佳cutoff值为3,预测SAP患者器官功能衰竭的敏感性、特异性、阳性预测值及阴性预测值分别为76.67%、85.21%、68.66%和89.63%。BISAP评分预测AP严重程度、局部并发症、器官功能衰竭的能力与APACHEⅡ和Ranson评分比较差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。结论 BISAP评分对AP严重程度及预后预测价值与传统评分相同,但构成简单,主观偏倚小,可动态监测变化。     

亚低温辅助治疗重型颅脑外伤患者82例

目的探讨亚低温在治疗重型颅脑外伤中的应用价值。方法对连续收治的160例重型颅脑外伤患者,随机分为亚低温治疗组（n=82）和常温组（n=78）,观察两组的治疗效果。结果随访6个月,亚低温组20例轻度残疾、正常生活,24例中残,16例重残,9例植物生存,13例死亡;对照组10例轻度残疾、正常生活,18例中残,16例重残,14例植物生存,20例死亡;两组比较有统计学差异（P〈0．05）,亚低温组的治疗效果优于常温组。结论亚低温有显著的脑保护作用,能降低重型颅脑外伤患者的死残率,改善预后。     

Effect of mild hypothermia on prognosis of patients with severe traumatic brain injury: A meta-analysis with trial sequential analysis

BackgroundSevere traumatic brain injury (sTBI) is a leading cause of death and neurologic disability worldwide. Although numerous previous studies have reported a positive effect of mild hypothermia treatment on sTBI, recent randomised controlled trials have not shown consistent benefits.ObjectiveThe objective of this study was to explore the effects of mild hypothermia on prognosis in patients with sTBI and provide the best evidence to clinical practice.MethodsThe databases PubMed, Embase, the Cochrane Library, ClinicalTrials.gov, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) were systematically searched from their inception to December 31, 2018, to identify relevant randomised controlled trials. Two authors independently reviewed and extracted data from included studies. The outcomes of interest were mortality and favourable neurological outcome. Review Manager, version 5.3, and trial sequential analysis (TSA) (beta = 0.9) were used to evaluate the collected data.ResultsA total of 15 trials involving 2523 patients with sTBI were included. The pooled results showed that there was no significant statistical difference of mortality between two groups (risk ratio [RR] = 0.94, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.77–1.14, P = 0.53), and TSA indicated that the current available evidence was conclusive. However, patients receiving mild hypothermia therapy had better neurological outcome than those receiving normothermia therapy (RR = 1.20, 95% CI = 1.01–1.42, P = 0.04), and TSA indicated that more studies should be conducted to clarify this issue.ConclusionOur findings suggest that mild hypothermia can improve long-term neurological recovery for patients with sTBI, but which is not helpful to decrease the mortality. More well-designed rigorous clinical trials are needed to verify these results.     

Serum S-100B protein monitoring in patients with severe traumatic brain injury

Objective S-100B protein is a promising marker of injury severity and outcome after head injury. We examined the relationship between serum S-100B concentrations and injury severity, clinical course, survival, and treatment efficacy after severe traumatic brain injury (TBI). Design and setting Prospective observational study in a neurosurgical intensive care unit. Patients and participants 102 adult patients with severe TBI, admitted between June 2001 and November 2003 (30 months). Interventions Serum S-100B levels were measured by immunoluminometric technique on admission and every 24 h thereafter for a maximum of 7 days. Measurements and results Initial S-100B levels were significantly related to pupillary status, computed tomography severity1, and 1-month survival. Cox's proportional hazard regression analysis showed that initial S-100B was an independent predictor of 1-month survival, in the presence of dilated pupils, and with increased age. Subjects with initial levels above 1 μg/l had a nearly threefold increased probability of death within 1 month. Serum S-100B alteration indicated neurological improvement or deterioration. Finally, surgical treatment reduced S-100B levels. Conclusions Serum S-100B protein reflects injury severity and improves prediction of outcome after severe TBI. S-100B may also have a role in assessing the efficacy of treatment after severe TBI.     

Therapeutic temperature modulation is associated with pulmonary complications in patients with severe traumatic brain injury

AIM: To examine complications associated with the use of therapeutic temperature modulation(mild hypothermia and normothermia) in patients with severe traumatic brain injury(TBI). METHODS: One hundred and fourteen charts were reviewed. Inclusion criteria were: severe TBI with Glasgow Coma Scale(GCS) 9, intensive care unit(ICU) stay 24 h and non-penetrating TBI. Patients were divided into two cohorts: the treatment group received therapeutic temperature modulation(TTM) with continuous surface cooling and indwelling bladder temperature probes. The control group received standard treatment with intermittent acetaminophen for fever. Information regarding complications during the time in the ICU was collected as follows: Pneumonia was identified using a combination of clinical and laboratory data. Pulmonary embolism, pneumothorax and deep venous thrombosis were identified based onimaging results. Cardiac arrhythmias and renal failure were extracted from the clinical documentation. acute respiratory distress syndrome and acute lung injury were determined based on chest imaging and arterial blood gas results. A logistic regression was conducted to predict hospital mortality and a multiple regression was used to assess number and type of clinical complications. RESULTS: One hundred and fourteen patients were included in the analysis(mean age = 41.4, SD = 19.1, 93 males), admitted to the Jackson Memorial Hospital Neuroscience ICU and Ryder Trauma Center(mean GCS = 4.67, range 3-9), were identified and included in the analysis. Method of injury included motor vehicle accident(n = 29), motor cycle crash(n = 220), blunt head trauma(n = 212), fall(n = 229), pedestrian hit by car(n = 216), and gunshot wound to the head(n = 27). Ethnicity was primarily Caucasian(n = 260), as well as Hispanic(n = 227) and African American(n = 223); four patients had unknown ethnicity. Patients received either TTM(43) or standard therapy(71). Within the TTM group eight patients were treated with normothermia after TBI and 35 patients were treated with hypothermia. A logistic regression predicting in hospital mortality with age, GCS, and TM demonstrated that GCS(Beta = 0.572, P 0.01) and age(Beta =-0.029) but not temperature modulation(Beta = 0.797, ns) were significant predictors of in-hospital mortality [χ2(3) = 22.27, P 0.01] A multiple regression predicting number of complications demonstrated that receiving TTM was the main contributor and was associated with a higher number of pulmonary complications(t =-3.425, P = 0.001). CONCLUSION: Exposure to TTM is associated with an increase in pulmonary complications. These findings support more attention to these complications in studies of TTM in TBI patients.     

尼莫地平对重型脑损伤患者疗效及预后的影响

目的探讨尼莫地平对重型颅脑损伤患者疗效及预后的影响。方法 6 4例重型颅脑损伤术后患者分为尼莫地平组 32例和常规组 32例 ,治疗前后评定格拉斯哥昏迷量表 (GCS) ,清醒患者评定日常生活活动 (ADL)及认知能力。随访 6个月 ,行格拉斯哥结局量表 (GOS)评定及Barthel指数和简易精神状态检查 (MMSE)评分。结果治疗后两组GCS评分均有明显提高 ,清醒患者MMSE评分尼莫地平组明显高于常规组。 6个月后两组GOS及ADL评分无显著差异 ,尼莫地平组MMSE评分高于常规组。结论尼莫地平可在颅脑损伤早期促进认知功能的恢复。患者的预后主要取决于脑损害的程度     

32例中重型颅脑损伤患者综合康复疗效观察

目的 探讨综合康复疗法对中重型颅脑损伤患者的治疗效果。方法 32例中重型颅脑损伤患者经神经外科治疗病情稳定后，转来我科接受各种感觉刺激，运动训练，高压氧，神经肌肉电刺激等综合康复治疗。结果 经过平均113d的治疗后，其意识水平，上下肢运动功能，平衡功能和日常生活活动能力均有明显改变。结论 综合康复治疗可降低颅脑损伤的残疾率，提高生活自理能力。     

颅脑创伤早期动态监测血糖对判断预后的作用

目的 动态监测颅脑创伤患者入院后3 d内血糖变化,评估高血糖对患者预后的影响.方法 以伤后6 h入院、既往无糖尿病病史、无严重的合并伤为入选标准选取2007至2008年间颅脑创伤患者62例,监测入院后四个时间点(入院即刻、24 h,48 h,72 h)的静脉血糖值.按GCS(GlasgowComa Scale)分为轻、中、重型颅脑创伤三组,按预后分为死亡组与存活组,以入院血糖11.1 mmol/L为界分为严重高血糖组与轻度高血糖组,用t检验,χ2检验进行组间比较评估高血糖与患者伤情、预后的关系.结果 轻、中、重型颅脑伤患者出现不同程度的高血糖,平均血糖随着伤情的加重依次升高;死亡组患者各时间点血糖水平均显著高于存活组,且以入院即刻差异最大[(8.51±2.01)mmol/Lvs.(11.54±2.45)rmnol/L,P=0.0001,t=4.988];严重高血糖组死亡率为64.71%,显著高于轻度高血糖组的13.95%(P=0.0002,χ2=15.46),两组的ICU平均住院天数(ICULOS)分别为22.6 d和10.2 d,差异具统计学意义(P=0.021,t=3.216),而总住院天数(HLOS)的差异无统计学意义(P=0.052).结论 颅脑创伤后早期出现的应激件高血糖可反映伤情的严重程度,入院血糖>11.1mmol/L时将预示着患者的高死亡率,可作为早期预测预后的简易指标.