恙虫病东方体58kDa热休克蛋白与47kDa外膜蛋白的基因嵌合及58-47嵌合基因在大肠杆菌中的表达

采用PCR方法 ,从恙虫病东方体Karp株基因组DNA中扩增 5 8kDa热休克蛋白的基因 ,将该基因分别与原核表达载体pQE30及 4 7kDa外膜蛋白的基因重组质粒 (pQE30 4 7)连接 ,构建pQE30 5 8及pQE30 5 8 4 7重组质粒 ,用重组质粒转化大肠杆菌。SDS PAGE显示 ,pQE30 5 8和pQE30 5 8 4 7转化的大肠杆菌分别产生一 5 8kDa重组蛋白和一 90kDa的双抗原 (5 8- 4 7)融合蛋白。免疫印迹分析显示Karp株免疫血清能特异识别 5 8kDa重组蛋白和 90kDa融合蛋白 ,90kDa融合蛋白既与 4 7kDa重组蛋白也与 5 8kDa重组蛋白的免疫血清特异反应 ,5 8kDa与 4 7kDa重组蛋白也被 90kDa融合蛋白免疫血清所识别。研究结果证明 5 8 4 7融合蛋白具有恙虫病东方体Karp株 4 7kDa外膜蛋白和 5 8kDa热休克蛋白的抗原特性     

恙虫病东方体Sxh951株56kD蛋白的表达及其在ELISA中的应用

目的　构建含OrientiatsutsugamushiSxh95 1株 (Ot.Sxh95 1)相对分子质量 (Mr)为 5 6×10 3外膜蛋白基因 (sxh5 6 )的重组质粒pQE30 5 6 ,表达Mr5 6× 10 3蛋白并观察其在ELISA中的应用。方法　IPTG诱导sxh5 6重组质粒 ;观察SDS PAGE和免疫印迹结果 ;经Ni NTA亲和层析纯化后的重组蛋白分别与Ot.Gilliam、Ot.Karp、Ot.Kato感染鼠血清进行ELISA和免疫印迹检测。结果　SDS PAGE和免疫印迹检测显示有一Mr 约为 5 6× 10 3的特异蛋白带 ;ELISA和免疫印迹结果显示该重组蛋白只与Ot.Gilliam感染鼠血清呈阳性反应 ;重组蛋白用作ELISA包被抗原检测小鼠血清抗体IgG ,特异性为 10 0 % ,敏感性 96 .6 7% ;检测人血清抗体IgG的敏感性为 88.0 8% ,特异性 96 .36 %。结论　表达的重组Sxh5 6蛋白具有良好的免疫反应性 ;其作为ELISA包被抗原 ,具有良好的特异性和敏感性。     

重组人脑髓鞘碱性蛋白及其抗体的研究

将EcoR1和SalⅠ酶切的人脑髓鞘碱性蛋白（MBP）基因cDNA克隆片段与表达载体pGEX-5T重组后转化大肠杆菌，经筛选，增殖和IPTG诱导，阳性克隆SDS－PAGE结果证实表达一条特异42KDa区带，Western印记杂交证实该区带具MBP抗原特异性，免疫斑点杂交和ELISA检测表达产量占菌体可溶性蛋白含量6％，达到414.6mg/L菌液，将含可溶性MBP蛋白的菌液后SDS－PAGE分离纯化得重组MBP抗原，对新西兰兔进行背部皮下多点注射，5次免疫后以琼脂板免疫双扩法检测抗效价达1：16，并通过免疫斑点杂交和Western印亦杂交证实证抗体具抗MBP特异性。     

粉尘螨Ⅰ类抗原cDNA的克隆表达和初步鉴定

目的　构建粉尘螨Ⅰ类抗原 (Derf1)cDNA基因的重组表达质粒 ,并于E .coli表达。方法　用BamHⅠ和SacⅠ从重组质粒pMD 18T Derf 1上切下Derf1基因 ,插入表达载体pET32a( )质粒 ,转化大肠杆菌BL2 1,在氨苄青霉素阳性的LB平板上筛选阳性重组子 ,并经双酶切及PCR扩增鉴定。重组质粒pET32a( ) Derf 1转化大肠杆菌 ,IPTG诱导表达后进行SDS PAGE电泳和薄层凝胶扫描定量分析。结果　对重组质粒进行酶切和PCR鉴定 ,与预期结果相符 ,证明已成功构建携带Derf1基因的重组原核表达质粒pET32a( ) Derf 1。核酸序列测定及同源性分析证实所构建的原核表达质粒pET32a( ) Derf1中所含的Derf1基因与GenBank中的Derf1序列同源性达到 99.5 %。Derf 1基因在大肠杆菌诱导表达后获得Mr 约4 5 0 0 0的蛋白 ,蛋白含量占全菌体蛋白含量的 15 %。结论　成功构建了粉尘螨Ⅰ类抗原cDNA基因的重组表达质粒pET32a( ) Derf 1,并在大肠杆菌中获得高效表达 ,为获得重组纯化Derf 1变应原并用于尘螨变应性疾病的诊治奠定基础     

福氏志贺菌毒力蛋白IpaC的表达、纯化及免疫活性鉴定

目的表达、纯化福氏志贺菌毒力蛋白IpaC并对其免疫活性进行鉴定。方法将含有ipaC基因的pET32a．ipaC表达质粒载体转入大肠杆菌BL21（kDE3）中表达，表达产物进行SDS—PAGE鉴定，并采用QIA expressionist^TM蛋白纯化系统纯化IpaC蛋白；用纯化的蛋白免疫动物获得抗血清，Western-blot检测抗原的免疫活性。结果诱导后的表达产物经SDS—PAGE发现有一相对分子量约为63000的条带，其含量约占总蛋白量的11％，对融合蛋白进行纯化纯度可达90％以上，抗His的抗体Western-blot分析，发现特异性区带出现在63000u处，证明该蛋白是所要表达的融合蛋白，制备的免疫血清可与Ipac发生特异免疫反应。结论pET32a-ipaC重组表达质粒转入大肠杆菌后，可稳定、高效地表达毒力蛋白IpaC，且纯化后的蛋白具有免疫活性。     

HIV-1 gp41蛋白的表达及其免疫反应性

目的高效表达HIV-1gp41基因片段,满足生产HIV体外检测试剂的需要。方法以含HIV-1gp41基因的质粒X1为模板,采用PCR方法扩增出gp41基因,克隆入E1载体构建重组表达质粒E1—1,转化E．coliBL21DE3感受态细胞,经异丙基-D-D-硫代半乳糖苷（IPTG）诱导后,使用镍螯合琼脂糖亲和层析柱（Ni．NTAAgaros）纯化重组蛋白,通过ELISA法检测重组蛋白的免疫反应性和特异性。结果SDS．PAGE鉴定结果表明,重组E1-1蛋白获得了正确的表达;纯化的重组E1-1蛋白纯度〉95％;ELISA检测结果表明,重组E1-1蛋白具有较优的免疫反应性和特异性。结论成功表达出具有较高免疫反应性的重组E1—1蛋白,可应用于HIV体外检测试剂。     

HCV复合多表位抗原基因的克隆表达及其免疫学特性分析

目的构建丙型肝病炎病毒（HCV）截短C基因和多表位基因重组原核表达质粒,表达纯化融合蛋白,分析其免疫原性和抗原性。方法PCR方法扩增核心区羧基端部分缺失的基因片段Ct;合成HCVE2区模拟表位与NS3～NS57个表位基因Em;分别将Ct、Em克隆人原核表达质粒pQE30,筛选阳性重组质粒pQE30-CtEm,转化E．coli M15,IPTG诱导融合蛋白表达,薄层扫描分析表达蛋白;可溶性分析后用Ni^2＋-NTA凝胶亲和层析柱纯化、透析并浓缩融合蛋白;Westernblot分析纯化蛋白的特异性和抗原性;纯蛋白免疫小鼠后分析其免疫原性。结果成功构建了HCV复合多表位抗原基因的原核表达质粒pQE30-CtEm,目的基因可高效表达,表达产物主要以包涵体形式存在,Ni^2＋-NTA纯化可获得目的蛋白,纯化蛋白具有良好的抗原性和免疫原性。结论HCV复合多表位抗原基因融合蛋白可高效表达并得到纯化,该融合蛋白可作为HCV诊断抗原,也为丙型肝炎新型疫苗的研究提供了靶抗原。     

应用Hoefer GE 200 Gel Eluter纯化重组的LTB

目的：纯化基因重组表达的大肠杆菌毒素B亚单位（LTB），方法：采用Hoefer GE 200 Gel Eluter从聚丙烯酰胺凝胶中回收LTB蛋白，SDS－PAGE，HPLC分析其纯度，western-blot分析其免疫学性质，结果：电洗脱1次可获得300ug重组蛋白，纯化蛋白经Tricine-SDS-PAGE电泳表现为单一蛋白质带，HPLC检测纯度为99．46％，免疫印迹证实其保持有免疫学活性。结论；该系统纯化LTB蛋白操作方便，快捷，所得蛋白纯度好，回收率高。     

幽门螺杆菌全长cagA基因和霍乱毒素B亚单位基因的克隆与表达

目的：构建表达幽门螺杆菌（Hp)细胞毒素相关蛋白（CagA)及粘膜免疫佐剂量霍乱毒素B亚单位（CTB）的重组质粒，并在大肠杆菌中表达获得基因重组蛋白。方法：用PCR方法从幽门螺杆菌扩增CagA基因片段，从霍乱弧菌扩增CTB基因片段，将它们转入原核载体质粒pGEMEX-1，在大肠杆菌DH5α中克隆，并在JM109DE3中表达。结果：重组质粒pEGEMEX-CTB的全长序列经分析与GenBank公布的序列相符；各表达蛋白经SDS－PAGE分析，相对分子量与文献相符；重组蛋白经Westem blot检测有较强的抗原性。结论：基因重组菌表达的融合蛋白有可能作为有效抗原用于幽门螺杆菌疫苗的研制及检测试剂盒的制备。     

天花粉蛋白突变体TCSFYY163-165CSA的构建表达与纯化

目的:构建天花粉蛋白(TCS)突变体基因,并在原核系统进行表达及纯化。方法:应用计算机预测TCS分子上可能的抗原决定簇(FYY163-165),并进行定点突变。以栝楼基因组DNA为模扳,经PCR扩增突变基因,与pRSET-A表达载体连接,转化感受态E.coli DH5α,提取质粒进行酶切鉴定及测序。将阳性重组质粒转化感受态E.coli BL21(DE3),经IPTG诱导表达后,对表达产物进行Western blot法鉴定和Ni-NTA层析纯化。结果:构建了带有TCS突变体基因(TCSFYY163-165CSA)的重组表达质粒,使目的蛋白在大肠杆菌中获得高效可溶性表达,表达产物经纯化后,得到均一的TCS突变体蛋白。结论:成功地构建了TCS突变体基因TCSFYY163-165CSA,并获得高效表达,为基因工程方法改造TCS提供了新的途径。     

Molecular cloning and sequence analysis of a Rickettsia tsutsugamushi 22 kDa antigen containing B- and T-cell epitopes.

The identification of Rickettsia tsutsugamushi T-cell epitopes is necessary for the characterization of the protective immune response (of which the T-cell response is essential) against scrub typhus rickettsiae. A T-helper cell line derived from R. tsutsugamushi (Karp strain) immune mice reacted with rickettsial protein antigens eluted from the 18-35 kDa region of polyacrylamide gels. Within this region is a 22 kDa protein which is reactive with immune serum. The gene encoding the 22 kDa scrub typhus antigen (sta22) was cloned and expressed in Escherichia coli. Nucleotide sequence analysis of the sta22 gene revealed a potential open reading frame (ORF) in the sta22 sequence encoding a 22 kDa protein. A recombinant 22 kDa protein synthesized in E. coli maxicells was reactive with anti-rickettsial antibodies. The codon usage of the adenine and thymine rich sta22 sequence was similar to other previously sequenced R. tsutsugamushi genes. Computer analysis of the deduced amino acid sequence suggested that the Sta22 protein has several amphipathic regions which may be potential T-cell epitopes. The recombinant Sta22 protein eluted from polyacrylamide gels induced a strong proliferative response from the scrub typhus rickettsiae reactive T-cell line. Recognition of the R. tsutsugamushi Sta22 polypeptide by both cellular and humoral immune mechanisms implicates this antigen as one of potential importance in vaccine development.     

The 56-kilodalton major protein antigen of Rickettsia tsutsugamushi: molecular cloning and sequence analysis of the sta56 gene and precise identification of a strain-specific epitope.

Lasting immunity against Rickettsia tsutsugamushi, the causative agent of scrub typhus fever, has been demonstrated to be strain specific. Two protein antigens of 110 and 56 kilodaltons (kDa) have been shown to exhibit strain-specific epitopes. The 56-kDa scrub typhus antigen (Sta56) is an abundant outer membrane protein of R. tsutsugamushi and is an antigen often recognized by humans infected with this obligate intracellular bacterium. In this study the complete gene encoding Sta56 (strain Karp) was cloned into pBR322 on a 2.3-kilobase genomic HindIII DNA fragment and the complete 56-kDa polypeptide was expressed in Escherichia coli. DNA sequence analysis of the 2.3-kilobase HindIII fragment revealed an open reading frame large enough to encode a 56-kDa polypeptide. A putative signal sequence was identified at the deduced amino terminus of the Sta56 polypeptide, and pulse-chase analysis of maxicells labeled with [35S]methionine demonstrated that a higher-molecular-weight precursor matures into the 56-kDa polypeptide. Epitope scanning analysis with synthetic peptides derived from the deduced amino acid sequence identified an octapeptide (located from amino acid residues 117 to 124) that was reactive with a Karp strain-specific monoclonal antibody (K13F88A). Other epitopes recognized by different monoclonal antibodies, including another Karp strain-specific monoclone (K1E106), were localized to different regions of the protein based on their reactivities with lambda gt11 recombinants expressing various portions of the sta56 gene.     

Molecular cloning and sequence analysis of the Sta58 major antigen gene of Rickettsia tsutsugamushi: sequence homology and antigenic comparison of Sta58 to the 60-kilodalton family of stress proteins.

The scrub typhus 58-kilodalton (kDa) antigen (Sta58) of Rickettsia tsutsugamushi is a major protein antigen often recognized by humans infected with scrub typhus rickettsiae. A 2.9-kilobase HindIII fragment containing a complete sta58 gene was cloned in Escherichia coli and found to express the entire Sta58 antigen and a smaller protein with an apparent molecular mass of 11 kDa (Stp11). DNA sequence analysis of the 2.9-kilobase HindIII fragment revealed two adjacent open reading frames encoding proteins of 11 (Stp11) and 60 (Sta58) kDa. Comparisons of deduced amino acid sequences disclosed a high degree of homology between the R. tsutsugamushi proteins Stp11 and Sta58 and the E. coli proteins GroES and GroEL, respectively, and the family of primordial heat shock proteins designated Hsp10 Hsp60. Although the sequence homology between the Sta58 antigen and the Hsp60 protein family is striking, the Sta58 protein appeared to be antigenically distinct among a sample of other bacterial Hsp60 homologs, including the typhus group of rickettsiae. The antigenic uniqueness of the Sta58 antigen indicates that this protein may be a potentially protective antigen and a useful diagnostic reagent for scrub typhus fever.     

弓形虫ROP2基因的克隆及在大肠杆菌中的表达

目的 :构建弓形虫棒状体蛋白 (ROP2 )基因重组质粒并在大肠杆菌中表达 ,用于筛选弓形虫新的诊断抗原和疫苗分子。方法 :根据ROP2基因已知序列 ,设计合成一对引物 ,用PCR方法从弓形虫RH株基因组DNA中扩增出ROP2基因片段 ,再克隆到pGEX 4T 1质粒 ,重组质粒经酶切及PCR鉴定 ,而后进行测序 ;重组质粒在大肠杆菌BL2 1 (DE3)中进行ITPG诱导表达 ,表达产物经SDS PAGE及WesternBlot分析。结果 :ROP2基因PCR产物大小与预期相符 ,约 1 0 4 3bp ,重组质粒经酶切及PCR鉴定表明获得正确重组子 ,测序结果与已知序列基本吻合 ;SDS PAGE及免疫印迹显示ROP2融合蛋白表观分子量约为 5 5kDa ,表达产物约占菌体总蛋白1 7% ,具有一定的免疫反应性。结论 :克隆并表达了弓形虫ROP2基因 ,为下一步弓形虫诊断及疫苗研究奠定了基础     

Expression and Refolding of Truncated Recombinant Major Outer Membrane Protein Antigen (r56) of Orientia tsutsugamushi and Its Use in Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assays

The variable 56-kDa major outer membrane protein of Orientia tsutsugamushi is the immunodominant antigen in human scrub typhus infections. The gene encoding this protein from Karp strain was cloned into the expression vector pET11a. The recombinant protein (r56) was expressed as a truncated nonfusion protein (amino acids 80 to 456 of the open reading frame) which formed an inclusion body when expressed in Escherichia coli BL21. Refolded r56 was purified and compared to purified whole-cell lysate of the Karp strain of O. tsutsugamushi by immunoglobulin G (IgG) enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for reactivity with rabbit sera prepared against eight antigenic prototypes of O. tsutsugamushi as well as several other species of Rickettsiales and nonrickettsial antigens. Refolded r56 exhibited broad reactivity with the rabbit antisera against the Orientia prototypes, and the ELISA reactions with the r56 and Karp whole-cell lysate antigens correlated well (r = 0.81, n = 22, sensitivity compared to that of standard ELISA of 91%). Refolded r56 did not react with most antisera against other rickettsial species or control antigens (specificity = 92%, n = 13) using a positive cutoff value determined with eight uninfected rabbit sera. Refolded r56 was evaluated further by ELISA, using 128 sera obtained from patients with suspected scrub typhus from Korat, Thailand, and 74 serum specimens from healthy Thai soldiers. By using the indirect immunoperoxidase assay as the reference assay, the recombinant antigen exhibited a sensitivity and specificity of 93% or greater for detection of both IgG and IgM in the ELISA at 1:400 serum dilution. These results strongly suggest that purified r56 is a suitable candidate for replacing the density gradient-purified, rickettsia-derived, whole-cell antigen currently used in the commercial dipstick assay available in the United States.     

Scrub typhus vaccine candidate Kp r56 induces humoral and cellular immune responses in cynomolgus monkeys

A truncated recombinant 56-kDa outer membrane protein of the Karp strain of Orientia tsutsugamushi (Kp r56) was evaluated in cynomolgus monkeys (Macaca fascicularis) for immunogenicity and safety as a vaccine candidate for the prevention of scrub typhus. This recombinant antigen induced strong humoral and cellular immune responses in two monkeys and was found to be well tolerated. Antigen-specific immunoglobulin M (IgM) and IgG were produced to almost maximal levels within 1 week of a single immunization. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells from vaccinated animals showed an induction of antigen-specific proliferation and gamma interferon production. The Kp r56 was not as efficient as infection with live organisms in preventing reinfection but was able to reduce the inflammation produced at the site of challenge. This report describes the results of the first systematic study of the immunogenicity of a recombinant scrub typhus vaccine candidate in a nonhuman primate model.     

新疆昌吉部分地区动物感染恙虫病东方体调查

目的了解新疆昌吉部分地区野生动物自然感染恙虫病东方体（Ot）的情况。方法采用多种方法捕鼠类,提取DNA,应用巢式PCR检测Ot-Sta56基因;阳性核苷酸序列片段测序,通过美国国家生物技术信息中心网站对基因序列进行BLAST比较分析。结果共捕获鼠432只、鸟类53只,仅在木垒县的鼠类、鸟类脾样本中检测到阳性片段,感染率分别为5.3%、11.1%;其他县市未检测到阳性。DNA序列分析表明,鼠类、鸟类阳性标本中扩增产物的核苷酸序列相同,碱基长度均为442bp。BLAST表明目的基因与Karp型的碱基序列同源性最高（98.5%）,应属于Karp型。结论新疆昌吉地区木垒县啮齿类及鸟类动物中可能存在Ot感染。     

Rapid diagnosis of scrub typhus by a passive hemagglutination assay using recombinant 56-kilodalton polypeptides.

The genes encoding the 56-kDa polypeptides were amplified by polymerase chain reaction from the genomic DNAs of three serotypes of Rickettsia tsutsugamushi, Gilliam, Karp, and Boryong. The amplified products were cloned into expression vector pIH821, and the recombinant antigens were expressed in Escherichia coli as fusion proteins with maltose-binding protein. The recombinant 56-kDa polypeptides were purified by affinity chromatography for the sensitization of sheep erythrocytes. The recombinant 56-kDa polypeptides were evaluated with 89 serum specimens from health blood donors, 94 serum specimens from scrub typhus patients, and 31 serum specimens from patients with other febrile diseases by a passive hemagglutination assay (PHA). Among the scrub typhus patients diagnosed by indirect immunofluorescent-antibody testing, the antibodies to R. tsutsugamushi were detected in 93 patients (99%). One serum specimen from a healthy person showed a false-positive reaction by this method. The recombinant PHA showed no cross-reactions with sera obtained from other febrile patients with diseases such as murine typhus, hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome, and leptospirosis. In conclusion, this recombinant PHA could be substituted for the conventional indirect immunofluorescent-antibody test and the immunoperoxidase test.     

普氏立克次体120kDa表面抗原C段基因的克隆与表达

采用PCR方法 ,从普氏立克次体基因组中扩增出 1 2 0kDa表面抗原C段基因片断 ,并将其克隆于原核表达载体pQE30 ,构建重组质粒pQE30 6 7,将重组质粒转入大肠杆菌M1 5 ,用IPTG诱导大肠杆菌内的目的基因表达。SDS PAGE分析发现重组质粒转化菌产生了一 6 7kDa重组蛋白 ;在免疫印迹分析中 ,该 6 7kDa重组蛋白与普氏立克次体免疫血清发生特异反应 ,显示 6 7kDa重组蛋白具有普氏立克次体 1 2 0kDa表面抗原特性     

恙虫病立克次体sta58主要抗原基因片段的克隆及表达

作者设计合成一对ＤＮＡ引物，经ＰＣＲ扩增出Ｋａｒｐ及ＣＭＹ株恙虫病立克次体ｓｔａ５８主要抗原基因片段，分别建立其无性繁殖系，构建了表达质粒ｐＢＶＲＫ５和ｐＢＶＲＣ４５，在国内首次应用大肠杆菌成功表达了恙虫病立克次体抗原。其意义在于为我国恙虫病立克次体研究提供特异性核酸探针，为恙虫病基因工程诊断试剂的研制奠定物质基础。