腹腔镜下保留胆囊的毗邻胆囊肝细胞癌一次性完全射频消融治疗

目的 评估腹腔镜下对毗邻胆囊的肝细胞癌进行一次性完全射频消融(RFA)治疗的可行性与安全性.方法 选取毗邻胆囊周边不同部位的肝细胞癌患者5例,肿瘤直径2.5～ 4.2cm,采用腹腔镜辅助射频消融治疗,腹腔镜下对胆囊不作分离与切除,射频消融过程保中持胆囊壁的连续完整.术后通过B超及CT了解肿瘤有无复发,并观察患者生存状况.结果 术后3d行B超检查见胆囊壁近消融区处边缘增厚,厚度0.3～0.5cm,CT显示胆囊壁密度增高.术后6个月增强CT显示5例患者肿瘤边缘均无强化,胆囊完整,达到肿瘤一次性完全消融.随访18 ～ 36个月,所有患者均生存良好.结论 腹腔镜下对毗邻胆囊的肝细胞癌达到一次性完全消融并保持胆囊壁的连续与完整在技术上是安全可行的.     

腹腔镜下尾状叶肝细胞癌一次性完全射频消融的可行性及安全性评价

目的 评价腹腔镜下尾状叶肝细胞癌(HCC)一次性完全射频消融(RFA)的可行性与安全性.方法 解放军总医院2009年12月-2010年12月连续收治的尾状叶HCC患者10例,男9例,女1例,平均年龄48(32～65)岁,ChildPughA级9例,B级1例,肿瘤平均直径2.6(1.8～3.2)cm.腹腔镜下进行射频消融治疗,观察射频消融区域肝组织颜色、温度以及鼻温变化.结果 10例患者消融结束时,消融区域平均温度86.4(83～97)℃,鼻温平均升高1.5(1.1～2.0)℃.肿瘤消融术后无其他补充治疗,术后6个月复查均无局部复发征象,达到了一次性完全消融.随访24～36个月,所有患者生存良好.结论 腹腔镜下对尾状叶肝细胞癌施行一次性完全射频消融是安全可行的.     

射频消融辅助肝切除治疗原发性肝癌的研究

目的:评价射频消融(RFA)辅助肝切除术治疗原发性肝癌的可行性、安全性及疗效。方法:25例原发性肝癌在全麻下行肝切除术,肝断面采用RFA进行辅助治疗,共治疗27个肿瘤,平均最大肿瘤直径(5.4±1.8)cm。结果:25例均顺利完成RFA辅助肝切除术。平均射频治疗时间(30.5±5.8)min,术后创面平均出血量(124.6±45.5)ml。未出现严重并发症。随访13～62个月(平均31个月),1例肿瘤切除边缘复发,6例发现肝内新病灶,2例肺转移,1例腰椎转移。再次采用经皮RFA治疗3例,肝动脉化学栓塞(TACE)治疗4例,8例死于肿瘤复发或肝功能衰竭。结论:RFA辅助肝切除术治疗原发性肝癌安全可行,可有效进行肝断面止血、降低肿瘤局部复发率。     

活体猪肝射频消融河流效应对相应流域肝细胞的影响:病理学初步研究

目的 建立活体猪肝射频消融(RFA)模型,观察河流效应(RFE)对相应流域肝细胞病理学改变的影响.方法 广西巴马小型猪6头,每头选取3个目标肝段,在超声引导下紧贴目标肝段血管置入射频消融电极,每个位点消融6min,结束后完整取出肝脏,镜下观察沿门静脉与肝动脉相应流域肝细胞的病理学改变.结果大体标本观察消融毁损区域呈椭圆型,毁损最大宽径为2.2±1.1cm.镜下观察消融后相应门脉流域肝组织呈明显热损伤改变,如血窦明显扩张、大量炎性细胞浸润、肝细胞固缩等,其周边肝段组织未见明显损伤.结论 射频消融过程中河流效应对相应门脉流域肝细胞具有热损伤作用,损伤沿该门脉血管供应范围分布,损伤程度随距离增加逐渐减弱.     

肝动脉造影CT引导下经皮穿刺射频消融治疗富血管肝细胞癌的临床研究

目的探讨肝动脉造影CT(CTHA)引导下经皮穿刺射频消融治疗肝细胞癌的可行性。方法前瞻性纳入河南省肿瘤医院2019年7月至2021年5月诊断为原发性肝癌拟行射频消融治疗的患者44例, 其中33例为初治患者、8例为消融术后复发患者、3例为外科切除术后复发患者。术前增强MRI测量的肝细胞癌长径为5～44(17±8)mm。所有患者均先在DSA手术室经右股动脉置入5 F眼镜蛇导管或5 F肝管, 插管至肝总动脉或肝固有动脉, 随后将患者转运至CT手术室。经肝动脉留置导管高压注射对比剂, 行CTHA引导下经皮肝细胞癌射频消融。靶病灶及周边至少5 mm的安全边缘在CTHA显示为无强化的消融坏死区域作为消融终点。消融结束后拔针时消融针道, 最后拔除动脉导管及导管鞘。采用Wilcoxon秩和检验比较术前MRI和消融前CTHA发现的病灶数量, 统计CTHA引导射频消融技术成功率及CHTA对比剂用量。结果 44例患者在消融前CTHA扫描时有13例患者发现术前MRI未能显示的额外病灶。44例患者术前MRI和CTHA显示的病灶数量分别为64和91个, 差异具有统计意义(Z=-3.24, P=0.001)。1例患...     

腹腔镜辅助超声引导下射频消融治疗膈顶部原发性肝细胞癌疗效评价

目的 探讨腹腔镜辅助超声引导下射频消融治疗膈顶部原发性肝细胞癌的可行性、安全性及有效性.方法 解放军总医院肝胆外科2013年1月至2016年3月连续收治的膈顶部单发原发性肝细胞癌患者23例,所有患者采用腹腔镜辅助超声引导下射频消融治疗,观察围术期并发症发生情况并随访长期疗效.结果 23例患者均成功施行腹腔镜辅助超声引导下射频消融治疗,所有患者围术期均无大出血、胆瘘、重度胸腔积液、血气胸等严重并发症发生,术后2～3d CT检查提示消融区完全覆盖肿瘤,随访9～38个月患者总体生存情况令人满意.结论 腹腔镜辅助超声引导下射频消融治疗膈顶部原发性肝细胞癌具有可操作性,并且安全有效.     

手术切除与射频消融治疗符合米兰标准的原发性肝癌的疗效对比分析

目的 分析手术切除与射频消融治疗符合米兰标准的原发性肝癌的有效性和安全性.方法 回顾性分析2010年12月-2012年7月在解放军302医院行手术切除或射频消融治疗的105例符合米兰标准的原发性肝癌患者临床资料,比较两组术后生存率、无瘤生存率、并发症及住院天数.结果 105例患者分为单发单纯组73例,多发联合组32例.分析结果表明,单发单纯组与多发联合组手术切除术后3年总生存率及总无瘤生存率均优于射频消融治疗(P＜0.05),射频消融治疗后主要并发症发生率明显低于手术治疗(P＜0.05),且射频消融术后具有住院时间短、恢复快等优势.结论 符合米兰标准的原发性肝癌可从外科手术中获益,且远期疗效优于射频消融治疗.     

肝细胞癌射频治疗后的磁共振表现

目的：评价MRI平扫及Gd-DTPA动态增强对射频治疗肝细胞癌疗效随访的价值。材料和方法：回顾性分析了55例RF术前及术后的MRI表现,并与活检及长期随访结果进行对照。结果：RF术前病灶在T1加权上多呈相对低信号、T2加权像上呈相对高信号,RF术后病灶转变成T1加权较高信号、T2加权均匀一致的等低信号,残存的癌结节表现为病灶周围包膜不规整或周边小结节并在动态增强时呈单峰型“快进快出”强化表现,活检提示癌灶残存。结论：MR平扫评价RF的疗效基本可靠,动态增强能进一步提高评价信心及准确率。RF术后定期MR随访具有重要意义。     

TACE联合射频消融与单独射频消融治疗结节型肝癌临床对比分析

目的 评价单独射频消融(RFA)与肝动脉化疗栓塞术(TACE)联合RFA两种方法治疗结节型肝癌的有效性.方法 143例肝内病变直径为3 ～5 cm肝癌患者(RFA组76例,TACE+ RFA组67例),通过CT扫描和AFP水平测定进行随访.两组病例的局部肿瘤进展率分析采用Kaplan-Meier法,以Cox回归模型进行多元预后因素分析.结果 143例经RFA或TACE+ RFA治疗后平均随访42个月(2～127个月),RFA组有73％的患者出现局部肿瘤进展,TACE+ RFA组有38％的患者出现局部肿瘤进展;RFA组1、3、5、7年局部肿瘤进展率分别为48％、74％、87％和90％,TACE+ RFA组1、3、5、7年局部肿瘤进展率分别为8％、38％、53％和68％,两组的差异具有统计学意义(P＜0.01).RFA组有2例(2.6％)治疗后出现腹腔出血和肝段梗死等并发症;TACE+ RFA无一例发生相关并发症.多因素分析表明,治疗方式(RR,0.677;P=0.041)、Child-Pugh分级(RR,1.504;P=0.04)是影响患者生存率的独立危险因素.结论 TACE+ RFA治疗结节型肝细胞癌较单独应用RFA治疗安全有效,可以更好地控制肝内病变;同时多因素分析表明,治疗方式和Child-Pugh分级是影响患者生存率的独立危险因素.     

射频消融和微波消融治疗原发性肝细胞癌的近期疗效及对免疫功能的影响

目的:探讨射频消融和微波消融治疗原发性肝细胞癌的近期疗效及对免疫功能的影响。方法:随机将64例原发性肝细胞癌患者分为射频消融组和微波消融组,对2组患者的近期疗效进行评价,观察记录2组治疗前后相关免疫功能指标的变化,并与同期正常健康体检者(对照组)进行对比分析。结果:微波消融组术中消融时间明显短于射频消融组,差异有统计学意义(P0.01)。2组各免疫指标差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:射频消融和微波消融治疗原发性肝细胞癌均能取得较好的近期疗效,均能明显提高肝癌患者术后的免疫功能;微波消融由于消融时间更短、操作更简单,有利于降低麻醉和其他不必要的手术风险,一定程度上减少了由于手术损伤而造成的术后短期内免疫功能下降的发生。     

Radiofrequency ablation of hepatocellular carcinoma: Current status

Ablation therapy is one of the best curative treatment options for malignant liver tumors, and can be an alternative to resection. Radiofrequency ablation (RFA) of primary and secondary liver cancers can be performed safely using percutaneous, laparoscopic, or open surgical techniques, and RFA has markedly changed the treatment strategy for small hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Percutaneous RFA can achieve the same overall and disease-free survival as surgical resection for patients with small HCC. The use of a laparoscopic or open approach allows repeated placements of RFA electrodes at multiple sites to ablate larger tumors. RFA combined with transcatheter arterial chemoembolization will make the treatment of larger tumors a clinically viable treatment alternative. However, an accurate evaluation of treatment response is very important to secure successful RFA therapy. Since a sufficient safety margin (at least 0.5 cm) can prevent local tumor recurrences, an accurate evaluation of treatment response is very important to secure successful RFA therapy. To minimize complications of RFA, clinicians should be familiar with the imaging features of each type of complication. Appropriate management of complications is essential for successful RFA treatment.     

Radiofrequency ablation for hemobilia secondary to hepatocellular carcinoma

Hemobilia is a rare manifestation of hepatic malignancies. The current treatment of choice for hemobilia is transcatheter hepatic arterial embolization. However, there have been only two published reports that describe the use of hepatic arterial embolization for hemobilia caused by hepatic neoplasms. In addition, this procedure is occasionally unsuccessful in the treatment of hemobilia. A case in which hemobilia caused by hepatocellular carcinoma was successfully treated with percutaneous radiofrequency tumor ablation after several failed hepatic arterial embolizations is described in this report.     

Radiofrequency ablation of subcapsular hepatocellular carcinoma: Single center experience

Purpose

To present a single center results, regarding radiofrequency ablation (RFA) of subcapsular hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).

Materials and methods

Forty patients with subcapsular HCC were treated with RFA under CT guidance for fifty-two discrete lesions in our institution. Twenty-eight patients underwent ablation of a solitary tumor and twelve patients underwent RFA of two tumors. Six patients had a subcapsular HCC with an exofitic location. All lesions had a diameter of <4 cm. We used two types of generators and electrodes: spiral electrode and expandable electrode. Needle track ablation was performed in all cases. Follow-up consisted of an abdomen computed tomography (CT) scan after contrast administration immediately after each session and then after one, three, six, and twelve months.

Results

In forty-eight lesions complete tumor ablation was depicted at the one month CT scan. In four lesions with residual viable tumor, a second session was performed. After the second ablation no residual tumor was observed in any patient. No major complications occurred in any of our patients. Fever with a temperature up to 39 °C was documented during the first days as part of the post-ablation syndrome in thirteen patients (32.2%). Seeding along the needle track was observed in none of our patients. Local tumor progression, was observed in ten lesions (19.25%) and in all cases a second RFA session was performed with optimal results.

Conclusion

Subcapsular location should not be considered as a contraindication for liver RFA.     

Radiofrequency ablation for hepatocellular carcinoma: a prospective comparison of four radiofrequency devices

PURPOSE: To compare the effectiveness of ablation techniques for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) with the use of four radiofrequency (RF) devices. MATERIALS AND METHODS: One hundred patients with 133 HCC lesions no larger than 4 cm were treated with one of four RF devices: RF 2000 (maximum power, 100 W) and RF 3000 generators (maximum power, 200 W) with LeVeen expandable electrodes with a maximum dimension of 3.5 cm or 4 cm, internally cooled single electrode with a thermal dimension of 3 cm, and a RITA RF generator with expandable electrodes with a maximum dimension of 5 cm. RESULTS: Numbers of RF sessions needed per HCC to achieve complete necrosis were 1.4 +/- 0.5 with the RF 2000 device and greater than 1.1 +/- 0.3 with the other three devices (P < .05). The RF 2000 device required a more interactive algorithm than the RF 3000 device. Session times per patient were 31.7 minutes +/- 13.2 in the RF 2000 group and longer than 16.6 minutes +/- 7.5 in the RF 3000 group, 28.3 minutes +/- 12 in the RITA device group, and 27.1 minutes +/- 12 with the internally cooled electrode device (P < .005 for RF 2000 vs other devices and for RF 3000 vs RITA or internally cooled electrode device). Complete necrosis and local tumor progression rates at 2 years in the RF 2000, RF 3000, RITA, and internally cooled electrode device groups were 91.1%, 97.1%, 96.7%, and 96.8% and 12%, 8%, 8.2%, and 8.3%, respectively (P = .37). CONCLUSIONS: Ablation with the RF 3000 device required a shorter time than the other three devices and required a less interactive algorithm than the RF 2000 device. However, complete necrosis and local tumor progression rates were similar among devices.     

Radiofrequency ablation of needle tract seeding in hepatocellular carcinoma

A tumor needle tract seeding, 20 mm in diameter, was detected with magnetic resonance (MR) imaging in a 72-year-old man, 10 months after radiofrequency ablation of a 55-mm subcapsular hepatocellular carcinoma. This seeding was successfully treated with ultrasound-guided percutaneous radiofrequency ablation. No recurrence was found after a 2-year follow-up either on contrast-enhanced computed tomography or MR imaging. Needle tract seeding treatment is not well established. Percutaneous radiofrequency ablation of such seeding is one elegant potential treatment option. Efficacy seems promising but has to be confirmed in larger series. Further evaluation is needed.     

Radiofrequency ablation of hepatocellular carcinoma: long-term outcome and prognostic factors

PURPOSE: To investigate the efficacy of radiofrequency ablation (RFA) for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), and the prognostic factors for post-RFA survival rate. METHODS: From 1999 to 2006, 266 patients with 392 HCCs underwent ultrasound guided RFA treatment. They were 216 males and 50 females, average age 59.4+/-15.4 years (24-87 years). The HCC were 1.2-6.7 cm in diameters (average 3.9+1.3 cm). There were 158 patients with single tumor, and the rest had multiple (2-5) tumors. Univariate and multivariate analysis with 19 potential variables were examined to identify prognostic factors for post-RFA survival rate. RESULTS: The overall post-RFA survival rates at 1st, 3rd, and 5th year were 82.9%, 57.9% and 42.9%, respectively. In the 60 patients with stage I HCC (AJCC staging), the 1-, 3-, 5-year survival rate were 94.8%, 76.4% and 71.6%, significantly higher than the 148 patients with stage II-IV tumors (81.8%, 57.6% and 41.2%, P=0.006). For the 58 patients with post-surgery recurrent HCC, the survival rates were 73.2%, 41.9% and 38.2% at the 1st, 3rd, and 5th year, which were significantly lower than those of stage I HCC (P=0.005). Nine potential factors were found with significant effects on survival rate, and they were number of tumors, location of tumors, pre-RFA liver function enzymes, Child-Pugh classification, AJCC staging, primary or recurrent HCC, tumor pathological grading, using mathematical protocol in RFA procedure and tumor necrosis 1 month after RFA. After multivariate analysis, three factors were identified as independent prognostic factors for survival rate, and they were Child-Pugh classification, AJCC staging and using mathematical protocol. CONCLUSION: Identifying prognostic factors provides important information for HCC patient management before, during and after RFA. This long-term follow-up study on a large group of HCC patients confirmed that RFA could not only achieve favorable outcome on stage I HCC, but also be an effective therapy for stage II-IV or recurrent HCC.