薄盖灵芝对小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞的作用

<正> 薄盖灵芝是祖国医学中常用的补益药之一,从薄盖灵芝菌丝体提取制成的注射液(简称薄芝液)的免疫药理我们已作过报道,但目前有关薄芝液对小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞的作用研究较少。薄芝液可促进小鼠巨噬细胞吞噬功能虽有所报道,但由于巨噬细胞是一种具有多种功能的免疫细胞,吞噬功能是巨噬细胞的基本功能之一。因此,我们采用多种测定巨噬细胞功能的方法,以分析薄芝液对巨噬细胞活性的影响。     

灵芝孢子粉提取物在体内外的免疫效应

灵芝孢子粉醇提取物（ＧＬＳＥ）在体内能抑制小鼠的迟发型过敏反应和对绵羊红细胞的初次抗体应答以及鸡红细胞诱导的循环抗体水平，在体外可抑制有丝分裂原刺激小鼠脾淋巴细胞和人扁桃体淋巴细胞的增殖反应。另外，ＧＬＳＥ可降低小鼠脾细胞ＩＬ－２产生水平，并可抑制同种异型小鼠脾细胞的混合培养反应。ＧＬＳＥ对机体的细胞免疫和体液免疫功能的抑制作用可能是其用于治疗自身免疫与过敏反应有关疾病有效的免疫学基础。     

薄盖灵芝治疗家兔实验性膜性肾小球肾炎的实验研究

膜性肾小球肾炎是成人肾病综合征的常见原因,本病为原位免疫复合物性疾病,有自发缓解趋势,约有半数病人发生肾病综合征,10～15年后死亡或发展为终末期肾。现一般认为免疫抑制剂     

灵芝孢子粉对荷HAC肝癌小鼠抗肿瘤的实验性研究

本文通过荧光细胞检测技术、体外细胞毒试验以及肿瘤抑瘤率的测定 ,观察了灵芝孢子粉对荷HAC小鼠T细胞表面分化抗原 ,体外细胞杀伤功能以及肿瘤抑瘤率的影响。结果显示灵芝孢子粉治疗组中总T细胞的百分率 (6 3 4% )高于对照组 (5 6 3% ) ,其中对总T细胞、T辅助细胞的上调较为明显。在对HAC、YAC 1和P815肿瘤细胞的杀伤活性中灵芝孢子粉组的杀伤活性分别为 2 7 3%、 2 3 4%和 2 0 0 % ,高于对照组。灵芝孢子粉组的总抑瘤率为 42 2 %。结果表明灵芝孢子粉是一种能激活和提高特异性 (CTL )和非特异性杀伤细胞 (NK、LAK )的抗肿瘤作用 ,抑制肿瘤细胞的增殖以及调控机体免疫功能的中药。     

灵芝孢子粉对糖皮质激素抑制模型小鼠的免疫调节作用

目的：探讨灵芝孢子粉对糖皮质激素（Glucocorticiods,GC）免疫抑制模型小鼠的免疫功能调节作用。方法：用不同剂量灵芝孢子粉对糖皮质激素模型小鼠灌胃,检测小鼠免疫器官重量,巨噬细胞和中性粒细胞的吞噬功能;外周血细胞CD3^＋、CD4^＋、CD8^＋、CD49b^＋、CD19^＋的表达;血清中溶血素效价、总补体活性以及T细胞产生主要细胞因子的含量。结果：灵芝孢子粉可显著增强GC免疫抑制小鼠的免疫功能,能显著提高小鼠的胸腺指数和脾指数、溶血素效价,增加腹腔巨噬细胞和中性粒细胞吞噬功能,对外周血中T、B、NK细胞的数量、血清总补体活性和主要细胞因子的含量均有一定影响。结论：灵芝孢子粉对GC免疫抑制小鼠的免疫功能恢复具有正调节作用。     

西洋参茎叶总皂甙在小鼠体内外的免疫效应

本文研究了西洋参茎叶总皂甙(PNS)对小鼠免疫功能的影响,发现 PNS 能在体内外协同ConA 促进小鼠脾细胞增殖;协同 ConA 增强小鼠脾 T 细胞产生淋巴因子的能力;明显增强小鼠脾 NKC 活性;PNS 在体内还能增强 LPS 刺激小鼠脾细胞的增殖反应;增强小鼠对胸腺依赖性抗原(SRBC)的初次抗体应答能力.     

柔毛淫羊藿提取液对小鼠免疫反应影响的体内外观察

经50％甲醇回流处理的柔毛淫羊藿提取液,在体外可强烈地抑制小鼠淋巴细胞对ConA、LPS的增殖反应和小鼠混合淋巴细胞反应(MLR),其抑制率与药物的浓度呈正相关。体内试验,给小鼠腹腔注射淫羊藿提取液,可部分延长同种异体新生鼠心脏移植物的存活期。     

骨髓间质干细胞下调免疫反应的实验研究

目的：研究骨髓间质干细胞（Mesenchymal stem cells, MSCs）下调免疫反应的作用及其机制.方法：采用流式细胞分析（FCM）鉴定MSCs的纯度,用^3H-TdR掺入法测定MSCs对ConA刺激的淋巴细胞增殖的影响,利用RT-PCR和Real-time PCR检测TGF-β1、IL-8、IL-10的基因表达,同时进行皮肤移植模型研究.结果：MSCs对ConA刺激的淋巴细胞增殖的影响与MSCs和淋巴细胞的比值有关.RT-PCR结果显示MSCs对淋巴细胞分泌TGF-β1无显著性影响,而Real-time PCR的结果显示MSCs促进淋巴细胞分泌IL-10,减少淋巴细胞分泌IL-8.皮肤移植实验显示MSCs能延长异种移植皮肤的存活时间.结论：MSCs能下调免疫反应和抑制皮肤移植排斥反应,其可能的机制是通过促进淋巴细胞分泌IL-10以及减少淋巴细胞分泌IL-8来发挥作用.     

灵芝多糖对小鼠脾脏树突状细胞的增殖作用

目的 观察灵芝多糖（GP）对小鼠脾脏树突状细（dendrirtie cells,DCs）的增殖作用。方法采用MTT法,以细胞因子（GM-CSF＋IL-4）作比较,观察不同质量浓度GP以及细胞因子＋不同浓度的GP对小鼠脾脏DCs的增殖作用。结果GP（5-80μg/mL）可明显刺激小鼠脾脏DCs增殖,与细胞因子组相比,其较高质量浓度组（20、40、80μg／mL）作用明显;GP＋细胞因子,与对照组相比均有显著的增殖作用,且明显高于细胞因子组。结论GP不仅能促进小鼠脾脏DCs的增殖,而且与细胞因子有显著的协同作用。具有类生长因子和协同生长因子的作用。     

灵芝孢子粉碱提多糖对小鼠巨噬细胞的免疫调节作用

目的 :研究灵芝孢子粉碱提多糖 (LZSBS)对小鼠巨噬细胞的激活作用。方法 :用灵芝孢子粉碱提多糖刺激体外培养的小鼠巨噬细胞 ,用ELISA法检测巨噬细胞分泌至培养基中的TNF α和IL 1β的含量 ;用Griess法检测培养上清中NO的含量。小鼠巨噬细胞对乳胶颗粒的吞噬率用显微镜计数。结果 :经灵芝孢子粉碱提多糖刺激后 ,小鼠巨噬细胞变大 ,颜色加深 ,并能显著刺激巨噬细胞分泌TNF α和IL 1β ,并产生大量的NO。小鼠巨噬细胞对乳胶颗粒的吞噬功能也明显的增强。结论 :灵芝孢子粉碱提多糖对小鼠巨噬细胞具有明显的激活作用     

IN VITRO RESPONSE OF v-Ha-ras TRANSGENIC MOUSE LYMPHOCYTES AFTER IN VIVO TREATMENT WITH COCAINE

Oncomouse is a transgenic mouse carrying an activated v-Ha-ras oncogene under the control of the mouse mammary tumor virus promoter. The objective of this paper was to learn if the in vitro secretion of IL-2 and IFN-γ and the release of sIL-2R by Oncomice spleen and thymus cells depended on the presence of the oncogene product, on the in vivo pretreatment with cocaine, or on the in vitro treatment with cocaine or morphine. Oncomice thymocytes from different experimental groups released less sIL-2R than FVB thymocytes. Oncomice thymocytes secreted more IFN-γ than FVB thymocytes. Oncomice thymocytes cultured in the presence of Con A and cocaine showed a diminished release of sIL-2R and a lower secretion of IFN-γ, a phenomenon not observed in FVB thymocytes. IFN-γ secretion was lower in Oncomice splenocytes. In general, Oncomice thymocytes and splenocytes responded in a nearly opposite fashion to their FVB counterparts. In this study, the in vitro response to mitogens, cocaine or morphine depended on genetic background and not on the in vivo pretreatment with cocaine. Our results emphasize the role of the v-Ha-ras oncogene in defining the host immune response.     

IN VITRO RESPONSE OF v-Ha-ras TRANSGENIC MOUSE LYMPHOCYTES AFTER IN VIVO TREATMENT WITH ALCOHOL

Oncomouse is a transgenic mouse carrying an activated v-Ha-ras oncogene under the control of the mouse mammary tumor virus promoter. The objective of this paper was to learn if the in vitro secretion of IL-2 and IFN-γ and the release of sIL-2R by Oncomice splenocytes and thymocytes depended on the presence of the oncogene product, on the in vivo pretreatment with alcohol, or on the in vitro treatment with cocaine or morphine. Oncomice thymocytes released less sIL-2R than FVB thymocytes. Alcohol did not increase sIL-2R release in Oncomice as it did in FVB mice thymocytes. Oncomice thymocytes secreted more IFN-γ than FVB thymocytes, their secretion was downregulated by in vivo treatment with alcohol, while it was upregulated in FVB thymocytes. IFN-γ secretion was lower in Oncomice splenocytes from animals receiving alcohol. Oncomice thymocytes and splenocytes responded in a nearly opposite fashion to their FVB counterparts. Therefore, the in vivo treatment with alcohol modified the in vitro response to cocaine or morphine in an oncogene-dependent and -independent manner. Hence, our results further emphasize the role of v-Ha-ras oncogene in defining the host immune response, and of alcohol in modulating such response.     

IN VITRO RESPONSE OF v-Ha-ras TRANSGENIC MOUSE LYMPHOCYTES AFTER IN VIVO TREATMENT WITH COCAINE

Oncomouse is a transgenic mouse carrying an activated v-Ha-ras oncogene under the control of the mouse mammary tumor virus promoter. The objective of this paper was to learn if the in vitro secretion of IL-2 and IFN-γ and the release of sIL-2R by Oncomice spleen and thymus cells depended on the presence of the oncogene product, on the in vivo pretreatment with cocaine, or on the in vitro treatment with cocaine or morphine. Oncomice thymocytes from different experimental groups released less sIL-2R than FVB thymocytes. Oncomice thymocytes secreted more IFN-γ than FVB thymocytes. Oncomice thymocytes cultured in the presence of Con A and cocaine showed a diminished release of sIL-2R and a lower secretion of IFN-γ, a phenomenon not observed in FVB thymocytes. IFN-γ secretion was lower in Oncomice splenocytes. In general, Oncomice thymocytes and splenocytes responded in a nearly opposite fashion to their FVB counterparts. In this study, the in vitro response to mitogens, cocaine or morphine depended on genetic background and not on the in vivo pretreatment with cocaine. Our results emphasize the role of the v-Ha-ras oncogene in defining the host immune response.     

IN VITRO RESPONSE OF v-Ha-ras TRANSGENIC MOUSE LYMPHOCYTES AFTER IN VIVO TREATMENT WITH ALCOHOL

Oncomouse is a transgenic mouse carrying an activated v-Ha-ras oncogene under the control of the mouse mammary tumor virus promoter. The objective of this paper was to learn if the in vitro secretion of IL-2 and IFN-γ and the release of sIL-2R by Oncomice splenocytes and thymocytes depended on the presence of the oncogene product, on the in vivo pretreatment with alcohol, or on the in vitro treatment with cocaine or morphine. Oncomice thymocytes released less sIL-2R than FVB thymocytes. Alcohol did not increase sIL-2R release in Oncomice as it did in FVB mice thymocytes. Oncomice thymocytes secreted more IFN-γ than FVB thymocytes, their secretion was downregulated by in vivo treatment with alcohol, while it was upregulated in FVB thymocytes. IFN-γ secretion was lower in Oncomice splenocytes from animals receiving alcohol. Oncomice thymocytes and splenocytes responded in a nearly opposite fashion to their FVB counterparts. Therefore, the in vivo treatment with alcohol modified the in vitro response to cocaine or morphine in an oncogene-dependent and -independent manner. Hence, our results further emphasize the role of v-Ha-ras oncogene in defining the host immune response, and of alcohol in modulating such response.     

量子点在小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞内的定位及对其超微结构的影响

目的 观察体外实验量子点在小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞内的分布和对其超微结构的影响.方法 利用量子点与小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞体外共孵育和电子显微镜技术,观察量子点在小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞内的分布及对其超微结构的影响.结果 透射电镜下,量子点被小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞内吞入细胞质内,形成单位膜包被的空泡样结构.扫描电镜下,可见与量子点体外共孵育的小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞的表面有较多的片状细胞突起.结论 量子点可使巨噬细胞活化,并使其表面突起增多;量子点被巨噬细胞内吞后,分布在细胞质内,并形成单位膜包被的空泡样结构.     

恶性瘤细胞在小鼠肾内侵袭过程的研究——肾被膜囊下移植后的光镜和电镜观察

本实验用小鼠前胃癌细胞(FC)移植于615近交系小鼠肾被膜囊下,观察其侵袭过程的形态学改变。共用52只小鼠,实验分为1、3、5、7天4个实验组及1个对照组。瘤细胞移植于肾被膜囊下第1天后,瘤细胞增殖活跃,出现核分裂象,瘤细胞紧贴于肾实质组织。3天后,瘤细胞核分裂象增加,瘤细胞以单个或成组的向肾实质侵入,有的肾小管开始呈萎缩样改变。5天后,瘤细胞已侵入肾实质的深部,可达肾小球周围。7天后,肾实质大部分受到瘤细胞侵袭,肾小管和肾小球变性、萎缩及消失。同时,瘤组织有的可沿肾被膜外生长,有的可见与别的内脏粘连现象。扫描电镜下所见结果与光镜观察相似,并发现癌细胞有吞噬迹象,似吞噬红细胞等。本文对以上现象进行了讨论。     

EFFECT OF PREGNANCY AND ITS RELATED HORMONES ON THE IN VITRO PROLIFERATIVE ACTIVITY OF MOUSE SPLEEN CELLS

The responsiveness of mouse spleen cells to phytohemagglutinin (PHA) and lipopolysaccharide(LPS) was depressed during pregnancy, especially in the early and late phase. In order to explain this, various pregnancy-related hormones were tested in terms of their effect on in vitro proliferative activity of lymphocytes when stimulated with either PHA or LPS. It was revealed that progesterone and corticosteroid were the moat effective hormones to suppress in vitro proliferative activity of lymphocytes at the physiological level of concentration. The responsiveness of spleen cells to PHA was more susceptible to progesterone than that to LPS, and female spleen cells were more susceptible to progesterone than male ones. HCG did not show apparent suppressive effect on the responsiveness of spleen cells to the mitogens, but to the contrary showed slight enhancing effect on that. Prolactin and estriol did not show any apparent effect on the mitogenic responsiveness of lymphocytes.     

树突状细胞在黏膜免疫模型小鼠中的分布及E-cadherin和ICAM-1表达的研究

目的通过研究小鼠树突状细胞在黏膜免疫模型小鼠中分布特征及上皮型钙黏附分子（E-cadherin）和细胞间黏附分子-1（ICAM-1）的表达,以探讨E-cadherin和ICAM-1在树突状细胞迁移过程中的调控作用.方法采用光镜和免疫组织化学染色方法,观察黏膜免疫模型小鼠中树突状细胞的分布特征;分析E-cadherin和ICAM-1的表达情况.结果体内的树突状细胞在黏膜免疫模型小鼠中,主要分布于肠系膜淋巴结、回肠集合淋巴小结、胃和空回肠黏膜及黏膜下层,与对照组相比有显著差异,其ICAM-1表达明显增高,E-cadherin表达下调,分别与对照组数密度和面密度比较有显著差异.结论在树突状细胞迁移运动过程中,E-cadherin和ICAM-1黏附分子可能起着关键性的调控作用.     

雪旺氏细胞对中枢神经轴突生长的支持和促进作用

胚胎大鼠脊髓植块接种于纯度〉９５％的单层人胎儿雪旺氏细胞表面进行培养，观察雪旺氏细胞对神经突起生长的支持作用，脊髓神经突起在雪旺氏细胞表面活跃生长，突起生长速度〉４５０μｍ／天，与对照组相比有显著性差异。将长于鼠尾胶上的雪旺氏细胞移植于成年大鼠脊髓损伤腔内，移植后２１天后，透射电镜观察，有髓或无髓纤维长人移植物中，移植后３０天，长入移植物中的轴突更丰富，而无细胞的胶原移植物中未见轴突长入。结果表明