类风湿性关节炎与牙周炎相关关系研究进展

类风湿性关节炎（rheumatoid arthritis,RA）是以关节破坏为主的慢性自身免疫性炎性疾病,牙周炎是发生在牙齿支持组织的慢性炎症性疾病。RA与牙周炎之间存在着相关性：牙周炎增加RA的发病率及其严重程度,RA亦加重牙周炎的严重程度;两种疾病具有相似的临床和病理表现、炎症和免疫反应、共同的易感基因和危险因素等。牙龈卟啉单胞菌是证据充分的牙周致病菌,能够产生牙龈卟啉单胞菌肽酰基精氨酸脱亚胺酶（Porphyromonas gingivalis peptidyl-arginine deiminase,PPAD）,而PPAD是RA发生发展过程中的关键因子,因此PPAD可能是影响这两种疾病发生发展的关键环节。文章就RA与牙周炎之间的相关关系和可能相关机制的研究进展进行综述。     

牙周炎与高血压关系的研究进展

高血压是与遗传和环境因素有关的最常见的一种心血管疾病。牙周炎是发生在牙齿支持组织(牙龈、牙周膜、牙槽骨)的一种破坏性疾病。研究表明:高血压与牙周炎之间相互关联,牙周炎增加高血压病的患病率,高血压亦增加牙周炎的发病风险和严重程度。但是,两者相互作用的机制尚未完全明确,炎症可能是2种疾病的中介,共同的危险因素促进2种疾病的同时发生发展。本文主要就牙周炎与高血压相关性及其相互作用机制进行综述。     

糖尿病前期与牙周炎关系的研究进展

糖尿病前期(pre-diabetes mellitus, Pre-DM)是介于正常血糖稳态和2型糖尿病之间的中间高血糖状态, 我国一半以上的成年人处于Pre-DM。牙周炎主要是由菌斑微生物引起的慢性炎症性疾病, 与糖尿病等非传染性疾病的发生具有共同的危险因素, 且互相影响。Pre-DM可能增加罹患牙周炎的风险, 牙周炎也可能影响糖尿病的发生和发展。氧化应激、系统性炎症、肠道菌群是目前牙周炎与Pre-DM互相联系的主要机制。本文主要对Pre-DM与牙周炎的关系及潜在的相关机制进行综述, 为两者的防治提供新的依据。     

牙周炎与阿尔兹海默症相关性研究进展

阿尔兹海默症是一种最常见的老年痴呆症,与环境因素密切相关。牙周炎是发生在牙周支持组织的一种慢性感染性疾病。研究表明,牙周炎与阿尔兹海默症的发生发展密切相关,但作用机制尚未完全明确,炎症反应及血管结构的改变可能是两种疾病的中介,共同的危险因素促进两种疾病的发生发展。文章就近年来牙周炎与阿尔兹海默症相关性的研究进展做一综述。     

糖尿病性牙周炎与细胞凋亡

目前,世界卫生组织已将糖尿病列为严重影响人类健康的第三大疾病.而牙周炎作为口腔常见病和多发病,其发病率也有逐渐曾高的趋势.现已明确,糖尿病与牙周炎相互影响,互为高危因素.糖尿病可增加牙周炎的发病风险及严重程度,牙周炎亦是糖尿病的易感和促进因素.     

老年糖尿病患者牙周炎症程度与糖脂代谢生化指标的相关性分析

目的：分析糖尿病伴牙周炎的老年患者牙周炎症程度与糖尿病糖脂代谢紊乱之间的相关性。方法：151例糖尿病伴牙周炎患者,根据牙周炎症程度分为轻度和中重度牙周炎组,采用Logistic二元回归进行多因素分析患者空腹血糖、糖化血红蛋白、甘油三酯、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇的含量与牙周炎症程度的相关性。结果：血液中高含量的空腹血糖 OR=3.344（1.015-11.024）、糖化血红蛋白 OR=2.948（1.049-8.288）、甘油三酯OR=2.829（1.074-7.453）和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇OR=1.656（1.017-2.696）是构成老年糖尿病伴牙周炎患者病变加重的危险因素。结论：老年人糖尿病糖脂代谢紊乱与牙周炎炎症程度有明显相关性。     

C-反应蛋白在牙周炎和Ⅱ型糖尿病双向关系中的作用

口腔疾病与全身疾病密切相关,近年来,牙周炎与糖尿病关系的研究倍受关注。大量研究表明,糖尿病与牙周炎发病存在共同危险因素、且互为高危因素,在糖尿病患者中牙周炎的发病率高,病损严重且进展迅速,同时,完善的牙周治疗也能改善糖尿病患者的糖代谢控制,糖尿病和牙周炎呈现一种双向关系,两者可能存在协同的病生机制。     

慢性牙周炎和慢性肾病相关关系的 研究进展

慢性牙周炎不仅可以导致牙周支持组织的破坏和丧失,还与多种全身系统性疾病如高血压、糖尿病等有关.慢性肾病是一种破坏肾功能的威胁人类健康的常见的全身性疾病.近年来大量研究显示,慢性牙周炎与慢性肾病可能具有相关关系,通过治疗牙周炎有可能改善肾功能.本文就慢性牙周炎与慢性肾病相关性的流行病学调查研究、牙周治疗对慢性肾病的影响以...     

慢性牙周炎与前列腺疾病相关性的研究进展

近年来,慢性牙周炎与前列腺疾病的相关性研究受到广泛关注,衰老、肥胖、吸烟和精神心理等是这两种疾病的共同危险因素,但关键的相关性机制目前尚未明确。该文就慢性牙周炎与前列腺疾病的相关研究及可能的生物学机制作一综述,为今后的疾病管理和临床研究提供依据。     

肥胖和牙周炎相关性的研究进展

肥胖是一种患病率越来越高的系统性疾病,它也是2型糖尿病、冠心病等慢性疾病的危险因素。近来许多研究表明,肥胖与牙周病尤其是牙周炎也具有相关性。本文就肥胖与牙周炎的相关性和它们之间联系的可能机制作一综述。     

柠檬精油对牙周致病菌抑制作用及其安全性初步研究

目的:探讨柠檬精油对牙周致病菌的体外抗菌活性及对细胞增殖的影响。方法:采用微量液体稀释法测定柠檬精油对Pg、Fn、Aa、Pi的最小抑菌浓度(minimal inhibitory concentration,MIC)及最小杀菌浓度(minimum bactericidal concentration,MBC);以较低浓度的MIC为标准稀释LEO作为实验组,采用MTT法测定柠檬精油对HUVECs的毒性作用,明确抑菌浓度下LEO的安全性。结果:柠檬精油对牙周主要致病菌均有抑菌作用,Pg、Fn、Aa、Pi的MIC分别是9.0 g/L、4.5 g/L、4.5 g/L、9.0 g/L,Aa、Fn的 MBC是9.0 g/L,Pg、Pi的MBC未测得。1/2MIC、1/20MIC浓度的LEO能够抑制人脐静脉内皮细胞的生长,而低于1/200MIC浓度的LEO则对人脐静脉内皮细胞的生长没有影响,其中1/200MIC浓度的LEO作用明显优于0.02%的CHX。结论:体外环境中,柠檬精油对牙周致病菌Pg、Fn、Aa、Pi具有抗菌活性,低浓度应用对机体相对安全。     

Oral cancer: molecular technologies for risk assessment and diagnosis

Purpose: The effective biomarkers related to diagnosis, metastasis, drug resistance and irradiation sensitivity of oral cancers will help the pathologist and oncologist to determine the molecular taxonomy diagnosis and design the individualization treatment for the patients with oral cancers.     

Computer-assisted planning for maxillofacial prosthodontic rehabilitation

Computerized tomography (CT) planning and the use of CT derived surgical templates for implant placement have shown promise for restoring function within months after surgical reconstruction of acquired post-oncologic defects.     

Stimulated whole saliva components in children with Down syndrome

The authors report on the components of stimulated whole saliva from children with Down syndrome—including pH, flow rate, sialic acid and protein concentrations, and amylase and peroxidase activity. Saliva samples were collected from 35 children aged 6–10 years. Of the participants, 17 had Down syndrome and 18 did not. To stimulate saliva production, the children chewed a piece of parafilm for 10 minutes before the sample was collected. Soon after collecting the saliva sample, the authors measured pH using a portable pH-meter. Sialic acid levels were determined with a thiobarbituric acid assay. Protein content was determined with Folin's phenol reagent. Amylase was assayed and the authors measured the maltose produced by the breakdown of starch and peroxidase using ortho-dianisidine.
No statistically significant difference was observed in levels of sialic acid (free and total) between the two groups. Protein concentration was about 36% higher in the group with Down syndrome. However, the salivary flow rate, pH, and amylase and peroxidase activities were lower among the children with Down syndrome.     

Effect of Pingyangmycin on human venous malformation endothelial cells

Purpose: Venous malformations are common vascular anomalies with a propensity of the head and neck. Intralesional injection of Pingyangmycin (PYM, bleomycin A5 hydrochloride) is a widely used sclerotherapy method for the treatment of venous malformation.     

牙髓再生的研究现状

目前,根管治疗术在临床上已得到了广泛的应用并成功的保存了患牙,但其仍有许多术后并发症。随着组织工程技术在口腔领域的应用,构建一种组织工程化牙髓进行牙髓-牙本质复合体的再生治疗成为可能。近年来国内外已有很多关于牙髓再生的研究,并且已经取得了一定成果。本文将对目前国内外牙髓再生的研究进展现状作一综述。     

Oropharyngeal dysphagia in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis alters quality of life

Dysphagia is one of the most important complications encountered in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Our aim was to determine whether oropharyngeal dysphagia impacted the quality of life (QoL) of patients with ALS. Thirty consecutive patients were recruited (31–82 years, 18 men). Swallowing function was evaluated using a standardised videofluoroscopic barium swallow. All the patients completed a specific questionnaire on quality of life in dysphagia (SWAL‐QoL) immediately after the videofluoroscopy. The results of dysphagia outcome severity scale separated 14 patients with oropharyngeal dysphagia and 16 with normal swallowing function. There was no difference in the average age, weight and body mass index of the two groups (dysphagic patients: 68 ± 11 kg versus non‐dysphagic patients: 69 ± 14 kg). Most of the dysphagic patients had a bulbar affection based on their Norris scores which determine the importance of cranial nerves illness (20 ± 8), significantly lower than those of the non‐dysphagic patients (35 ± 5) (P < 0·0001). There was no difference in the neurological peripheral symptoms evaluated by Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Functional Rating Scale scores (dysphagic patients: 26 ± 7 versus non‐dysphagic patients: 27 ± 8) (ns). The swallowing quality of life questionnaire revealed that the dysphagic patients had significant burden (P < 0·001). They were affected by the necessity to applied a food selection (P < 0·01), by the increase in eating duration (P < 0·05) and described a decrease in eating desire (P < 0·05). They complained of fear regarding the risk of dysphagia (P < 0·05). They also described difficulties with oral communication (P < 0·001). All of those complained about dysphagia which impacted directly mental health (P < 0·05) and social life (P < 0·05). In conclusion, oropharyngeal dysphagia is a common symptom accompanying ALS, which alters the patient's QoL, especially social health.     

拔牙位点保存用复合温敏凝胶的构建及体外表征

目的:制备多壁碳纳米管/羟基磷灰石/壳聚糖复合温敏凝胶,探讨其作为拔牙位点保存材料的理化性能。方法:采用原位沉积方法制备多壁碳纳米管/羟基磷灰石(MWNT/ HA简称HAC)复合无机材料,将其分散至壳聚糖温敏凝胶中,制备壳聚糖/多壁碳纳米管/羟基磷灰石(CS /MWNT/HA简称CS/HAC)复合温敏凝胶,以成胶时间、孔径、孔隙率、机械强度及降解性能为指标优化配方设计,并表征复合温敏凝胶的微观形貌及理化性能。结果:以10 g/L的HAC作为补强成分加入到壳聚糖溶液中,能够在不影响成胶并保证一定孔隙率(84%)的前提下,提高材料的机械性能(抗压强度0.441 MPa),所获复合温敏凝胶具有适宜的临床操作时间(12 min),并具有可控的降解速率。结论:负载HAC的复合温敏凝胶具有良好的成型性,并具有较好的机械性能,在拔牙位点保存领域具有良好的应用前景。     

Interventional neuroradiologic procedures in the head and neck

Interventional radiology and interventional neuroradiology are evolving specialties which can aid the head and neck surgeons in the clinical management of patients with complex vascular lesions.