鼻中隔偏曲与球型鼻甲泡的关系

目的：探讨鼻中隔偏曲与球型鼻甲泡的关系。方法：分析972例患者的鼻窦冠状位CT片,观察鼻中隔偏曲和球型鼻甲泡的发生率,并把鼻中隔偏曲分为高位偏血和低位偏曲,测量鼻中隔偏曲角度（SDA）和球型鼻甲泡的横径,探讨鼻中隔偏曲与球型鼻甲泡的关系。结果：182例鼻中隔偏曲患者的球型鼻甲泡发生率为17．03％,790例无鼻中隔偏曲患者的球型鼻甲泡发生率为14．05％,2组间差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。60例高位偏曲患者的球型鼻甲泡发生率为33．33％,122例低位偏曲患者的球型鼻甲泡发生率为9．02％,2组间球型鼻甲泡发生率有显著性差异（P〈0．01）。20例高位偏曲伴球型鼻甲泡组SDA平均值为14．55°±3．61°,偏曲凹侧球型鼻甲泡横径均值为（5．93±1．88）mm,两者之间无相关性（P〉0．05）。11例低位偏曲伴球型鼻甲泡组SDA平均值为13．36°±2．42°,偏曲凹侧球型鼻甲泡横径均值为（4．86±1．40）mm,两者之间无相关性（P〉0．05）。结论：鼻中隔高位偏曲与球型鼻甲泡的发生有关,尤其是凹侧易出现球型鼻甲泡。球型鼻甲泡大小并不随SDA增大而增大。     

鼻中隔偏曲并下鼻甲肥大手术的疗效观察

目的探讨鼻中隔偏曲并下鼻甲肥大的手术方式及效果。方法 55例以鼻塞为主诉的鼻中隔偏曲合并下鼻甲肥大患者,随机分为联合治疗组33例,行鼻中隔偏曲矫正+下鼻甲外移术;鼻中隔矫正组22例,单纯行鼻中隔偏曲矫正术。结果所有患者术后随访1年以上,联合手术组中25例痊愈,8例有效,治愈率75.8%,好转率100.0%;鼻中隔矫正组中7例痊愈,11例有效,4例无效,治愈率31.8%,好转率81.8%。两组差异具有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论通过鼻窦CT结合鼻内镜技术实施针对性的鼻中隔偏曲矫正+下鼻甲外移术治疗,组织损伤小,安全可靠,效果肯定,符合功能性治疗的原则,可使鼻塞患者获得良好的治疗效果。     

鼻内镜下微创治疗鼻中隔偏曲伴下鼻甲肥大

目的探讨鼻内镜下微创治疗鼻中隔偏曲伴下鼻甲肥大的疗效。方法对我科199例鼻中隔偏曲伴下鼻甲肥大采用鼻内镜手术,行鼻中隔矫正术;用4mmStryher微型电动切割器作下鼻甲黏膜下部分切除术。结果随访6～30个月,该方法对199例均能彻底地矫正鼻中隔偏曲,尤其是高位、后段的鼻中隔偏曲,能安全有效地减少下鼻甲体积,满意地改善病人的鼻腔通气,防止术后鼻腔干燥结痂及并发萎缩性鼻炎。仅有1例病人术后并发鼻中隔穿孔。结论该方法与传统的鼻中隔矫正术及下鼻甲手术比较,更加安全有效,既能保持疗效持久,又能保存下鼻甲的正常功能,具有较好的临床应用价值。     

鼻中隔偏曲患者窦口鼻道复合体CT观察

2007-02-2009-02我们随机抽取50例鼻中隔偏曲患者行鼻窦连续冠状CT扫描,以观察鼻中隔偏曲对窦口鼻道复合体(ostiomeatal complex,)的影响,以及鼻中隔偏曲与病变的关     

骨性鼻腔鼻窦结构CT影像学研究

目的:通过 CT影像学研究骨性鼻腔鼻窦的结构.方法:利用日立W450型全身CT机对24 例正常人进行鼻腔鼻窦多层面连续横断扫描,获得清晰的鼻腔鼻窦CT片.结果:[ HT5K〗观察各层面结构,设计了13项测量内容,获得测量数据.结论:CT影像对鼻腔鼻窦疾病的诊断和功能性鼻窦外科学的开展具有重要的指导意义.     

鼻中隔偏曲患者窦口鼻道复合体CT观察

为观察鼻中隔偏曲对窦口鼻道复合体（ＯＭＣ）的影响，自１９９４年４月～１９９５年２月对３２例鼻中隔偏曲患者做了高分辨率连续冠状ＣＴ扫描。结果发现：①３２例患者中１５例有同侧或双侧ＯＭＣ炎性病变，鼻中隔偏曲角度越大，ＯＭＣ病变发生率越高；②对有ＯＭＣ病变的患者测量钩突角度和筛漏斗宽度无实际应用价值；③鼻中隔偏曲与ＯＭＣ解剖变异的关系因例数过少尚难作出定论。结果提示对鼻中隔偏曲患者怀疑有鼻窦炎时应做冠状ＣＴ扫描，以了解ＯＭＣ的病变情况     

鼻中隔气房CT影像学观察及其临床意义

目的:探讨鼻中隔气房的CT影像学表现特征及其相关疾病的临床表现.方法:随机抽取2001年1月～2005年6月173例患者所做鼻窦CT资料,观察其CT影像学特点,回顾分析鼻中隔气房病变患者的临床特点.结果:173例患者鼻窦冠状位和轴位CT影像学资料中,19例患者存在着鼻中隔气房,气房均在鼻中隔筛骨垂直板部位,根据气房在鼻中隔位置,发现气房位于鼻中隔上部有8例,中部有11例.与鼻中隔气房相关疾病共有7例:鼻中隔气房炎症3例,气房壁骨折2例(伴脑脊液鼻漏1例),气房胆固醇肉芽肿1例,鼻中隔气房囊肿1例.结论:鼻中隔气房是鼻中隔筛骨垂直板部位异常气化引起的一种解剖变异,其解剖学特点在临床上可以引发一些相关疾病.     

鼻中隔偏曲伴鼻腔鼻窦病变的鼻内镜手术治疗

随着鼻内镜外科手术的不断发展及近年来对鼻阻力领域的深入研究，发现鼻中隔偏曲，尤其是高位及后段部的偏曲，对鼻腔鼻窦的生理功能有着严重的影响，临床证实，鼻中隔偏曲患者大多伴有中鼻甲气化、中下鼻甲息肉样变肥大以及鼻息肉和鼻窦炎等多种鼻腔病变，对这种鼻中隔偏曲如何矫正、切口如何选择越来越引起临床医生的重视。我科于2002年1月～2005年12月于鼻内镜下遵循微创手术要求，对这类鼻中隔偏曲选择适当术式进行手术，疗效满意。报告如下。     

鼻中隔偏曲矫正术伴与不伴下鼻甲部分切除术对患者术后鼻腔通气功能的影响

目的 探讨鼻中隔偏曲矫正术伴与不伴下鼻甲部分切除术对术后鼻腔通气功能的影响.方法 2010年1月～2011年12月收治鼻中隔偏曲伴或不伴鼻-鼻窦炎109例,单纯鼻中隔偏曲21例,鼻中隔偏曲伴鼻-鼻窦炎88例,其中鼻中隔偏曲伴发下鼻甲肥大71例.2010年1月～2010年12月48例采用鼻内镜单纯鼻中隔偏曲矫正术(A组),2011年1月～2011年12月61例采用鼻内镜下鼻中隔偏曲矫正术加下鼻甲部分切除术(B组).随访3个月,记录术后鼻镜复查的客观表现与患者通气的主观视觉模拟评分.结果 B组术后鼻腔结构通畅明显优于A组.术后3个月,B组患者鼻腔主观通气功能的模拟视觉评分明显优于A组.结论 鼻中隔偏曲患者常合并鼻-鼻窦炎以及下鼻甲肥大.鼻中隔偏曲矫正同时行下鼻甲部分切除术可更有效地提高术后患者的鼻腔通气功能.     

鼻内镜下鼻中隔成形术

随着鼻内镜技术广泛应用于临床，其优势越来越明显。我科自1997年7月以来，开展经鼻内镜鼻中隔成形术，取得满意的疗效，现报告如下。     

Evaluation of the inferior turbinate in patients with deviated nasal septum by using computed tomography

OBJECTIVES/HYPOTHESIS: The objective was to measure the dimensions, composition, and possible structural and radiological changes of the compensatory hypertrophic inferior turbinate in patients with deviated nasal septum. STUDY DESIGN: A prospective, nonrandomized clinical trial at a university medical center. METHODS: Twenty-three patients with deviated nasal septum and compensatory hypertrophy of the inferior turbinate in the contralateral nasal cavity were examined by computed tomography. RESULTS: The dimensions of the compensatory hypertrophic inferior turbinate in patients with septal deviation were compared with normal control subjects. The difference in width of the medial and lateral mucosa and the conchal bone between the two groups was statistically significant (P <.05). CONCLUSION: The present study uncovers the dimensions and composition of the inferior turbinate with compensatory hypertrophy in patients with nasal septum deviation. The findings support the decision to excise the inferior turbinate bone at the time of septoplasty, because of the significant bony and mucosal expansion.     

改良鼻中隔缝合联合等离子下鼻甲消融在鼻中隔偏曲矫正术中的选择性应用

目的 鼻中隔偏曲矫正术后使用改良鼻中隔缝合技术,等离子消融下鼻甲,术后不填塞鼻腔,比较其与传统方法的疗效.方法 80例行鼻中隔偏曲矫正术患者分为填塞组和缝合组,行鼻中隔矫正术后,填塞组吸切钻切削下鼻甲后行鼻腔填塞,缝合组行改良鼻中隔缝合、等离子消融下鼻甲,无填塞.比较两组患者术后症状、体征评分.结果 填塞组在手术后鼻部...     

凋亡相关蛋白Bcl-2和Bax在慢性鼻及鼻窦炎伴嗅觉障碍患者嗅黏膜中的表达

目的 研究Bcl-2和Bax在慢性鼻及鼻窦炎(CRS)伴嗅觉障碍患者嗅黏膜中的表达,探讨其对嗅觉神经元(olfactory receptor neurons,ORNs)凋亡的调节作用.方法 采用康涅狄格化学感受临床研究中心所采用的嗅觉检查法——CCCRC (Connecticut Chemosensory Clini...     

鼻中隔偏曲患者双侧下鼻甲的影像学和病理学观察

目的：观察鼻中隔偏曲患者双侧下鼻甲的形态结构及其黏膜的病理改变。方法：为住院行手术治疗鼻中隔偏曲患者30例行术前鼻窦冠状位CT扫描,在CT片上直接测量下鼻甲的宽度和高度,将测量数值根据CT片上的标尺换算成实际值。手术全麻后、鼻腔表麻前,在鼻内镜下,于鼻中隔明显偏曲处对称切取下鼻甲组织,在光镜、透射电镜下观察下鼻甲的黏膜上皮层及固有层组织结构的改变。结果：从30例鼻中隔偏曲患者的鼻窦CT中观察到,偏曲对侧下鼻甲的高度和宽度均大于同侧,差别有统计学意义。光镜结果：偏曲对侧下鼻甲较同侧黏膜上皮、基底膜增厚,血管增生,纤维组织增生,腺体密度同侧较对侧减小。电镜结果：偏曲对侧较同侧的下鼻甲黏膜固有层的结缔组织胶原纤维增生明显;黏膜固有层毛细血管及腺体周围毛细血管的内膜具有窗格样空隙,小静脉内皮基底膜变透明,间隙增大,肿胀样,结构疏松。结论：在鼻中隔偏曲患者中,偏曲两侧的下鼻甲在宽度和高度上差异有统计学意义。偏曲对侧下鼻甲的肥大,既有骨质增生的成分,也有黏膜及黏膜下层组织增生的因素。     

鼻腔及鼻窦内翻性乳头状瘤临床分期中CT的作用

目的探讨鼻腔及鼻窦内翻性乳头状瘤临床分期中CT的应用价值。方法回顾性分析33例鼻腔及鼻窦内翻性乳头状瘤的CT影像资料及手术资料。结果按照Krouse分期标准,将本组病例分为四期(四组)。在每组中将CT分期与手术所见分期比较,结果如下(相符/不相符):T1期1/0,T2期22/2,T3期3/3,T4期2/0,总共28/5。结论鼻腔及鼻窦内翻性乳头状瘤虽无特异CT表现,但CT影像与手术所见对比显示,它能较准确判断肿瘤的侵及范围,是鼻腔及鼻窦内翻性乳头状瘤分期中不可缺少的资料之一。     

Histopathology of the inferior turbinate with compensatory hypertrophy in patients with deviated nasal septum

OBJECTIVE: To measure the dimensions, composition, and possible structural and/or histopathological changes of the compensatory hypertrophic inferior turbinate in patients with deviated nasal septum. STUDY DESIGN: A prospective, nonrandomized, and morphometric study. METHODS: Nineteen patients with deviated nasal septum and compensatory hypertrophy of the inferior turbinate in the contralateral nasal cavity underwent surgery for correction of nasal obstruction. Patients' specimens were compared with those of a control group consisting of 10 inferior turbinates removed at autopsy. Quantitative measurements of the inferior turbinate histological sections were carried out and included the width of the layers and morphometric calculations of the relative proportions of the soft tissue constituents. Also, qualitative study was performed to detect pathological changes. RESULTS: Of all layers, the inferior turbinate bone underwent a twofold increase in thickness and manifested the most significant expansion (P < or =.001), whereas the contribution of the mucosal layers to the inferior turbinate hypertrophy was modest. The morphometric analysis revealed a larger proportion of venous sinusoids in hypertrophic turbinates, but the difference was small and statistically insignificant. Qualitative assessment disclosed normal mucosal architecture in all inferior turbinates with compensatory hypertrophy. Eleven remained intact, while eight disclosed mild to moderate pathological changes. CONCLUSIONS: The data gathered in the present study are of importance to the decision-making process regarding turbinate surgery. The significant bone expansion and the relative minor role played by the mucosal hypertrophy would support the decision to excise the inferior turbinate bone at the time of septoplasty.     

鼻中隔偏曲对中鼻甲形态和结构的影响

目的比较鼻中隔偏曲患者双侧中鼻甲形态结构的改变。方法选择单纯鼻中隔偏曲患者30例,术前行鼻窦冠状位CT扫描,在CT片上直接测量并计算出双侧中鼻甲实际的宽度和高度。于中鼻甲的前端切取标本, 光镜、透射电镜观察其组织结构的改变。结果从鼻窦CT片中观察到,偏曲对侧中鼻甲的高度和宽度与同侧比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。光镜结果：偏曲对侧中鼻甲与同侧比较,黏膜上皮细胞个数增多或体积增大,基底膜增厚,间质血管增生、扩张,间质纤维组织增生。电镜结果：偏曲对侧中鼻甲与同侧比较,黏膜固有层的结缔组织胶原纤维增生明显,毛细血管的内膜具有窗格样空隙,小静脉内皮基底膜变透明,间隙增大。结论在鼻中隔偏曲患者中,偏曲两侧的中鼻甲形态和结构差异有统计学意义。骨质的增生和黏膜的肥厚是其主要原因。     

Relationship between nasal septum morphology and nasal obstruction symptom severity: computed tomography study

IntroductionThe impact of the nasal septum morphology on the severity of obstruction symptoms has not been fully explored.ObjectiveThis study aimed to investigate whether the morphology of the deviated nasal septum assessed by computed tomography may explain nasal obstruction severity.MethodsThe study included 386 patients who were referred to the computed tomography examination of the paranasal sinuses. Patient selection criteria were the absence of facial anomalies, facial trauma, nasal surgery, and sinonasal tumors. Computed tomography images were used to estimate deviated nasal septum prevalence, the prevalence of Mladina's seven types of deviated nasal septum, and to measure the deviated nasal septum angle. Nasal obstruction severity was assessed by the nasal obstruction symptom evaluation, NOSE scale. The relationship between NOSE score, deviated nasal septum morphology, and deviated nasal septum angle was performed by a statistical regression model on the reduced sample of 225 patients.ResultsThe prevalence of deviated nasal septum was 92.7%. Type 7 deviated nasal septum was the most frequent (34.2%) followed by type 5 (26.2%) and type 3 (23.6%). The worst NOSE scores were recorded in the type 2 deviated nasal septum (45.00 ± 28.28). The mean deviated nasal septum angle in patients with nasal obstruction was 8.5° ± 3.24. NOSE scores were not significantly associated with deviated nasal septum types and angles.ConclusionPatients with different types of deviated nasal septum have different NOSE scores. Computed tomography morphology of the deviated nasal septum could not fully explain the severity of nasal obstruction.     

鼻腔嗅裂区呼吸道上皮腺瘤样错构瘤的CT影像表现

目的 探讨鼻腔嗅裂区呼吸道上皮腺瘤样错构瘤的特征性CT影像表现及其与慢性鼻窦炎鼻息肉在CT表现上的区别。 方法 (1) 回顾性分析17例经组织病理学证实的双侧嗅裂区呼吸道上皮腺瘤样错构瘤的CT资料,探讨其影像学特点。(2) 分别测量17例错构瘤患者、36例鼻息肉患者和41例正常人在轴位和冠状位CT上的嗅裂区的宽度和鼻腔总宽度,计算嗅裂宽度和鼻腔宽度的比值,并进行统计学分析。 结果 错构瘤患者的CT层面上显示嗅裂区有与脑灰质呈等密度的软组织影,嗅裂宽度增大。嗅裂宽度的中位数,在轴位和冠状位CT上分别是,错构瘤组11.5 mm和11.8 mm,鼻息肉组7.5 mm和7.8 mm,对照组5.4 mm和5.4 mm。各组间差异均有统计学意义(所有P< 0.001)。鼻腔的总宽度在各组中及两个扫描方位上均没有显著差异。嗅裂宽度和鼻腔宽度比值的中位数,在轴位和冠状位CT上分别是,错构瘤组45.5%和43.5%,鼻息肉组30.0%和30.0%,对照组为22.0%和21.0%。各组间差异均有统计学意义(所有P< 0.001)。 结论 错构瘤组CT扫描下的嗅裂宽度及嗅裂宽度和鼻腔总宽度的比值较正常组和鼻息肉组显著增加。嗅裂膨胀性增宽是提示错构瘤的特征性征象之一,其可以作为错构瘤与鼻息肉鉴别诊断的参考依据。尤其是双侧对称增宽更有诊断价值,双侧嗅裂宽度大于10 mm应高度怀疑有错构瘤的可能性。