Expression of CD123 and CD114 on the bone marrow cells of patients with myelodysplastic syndrome

Background Recent studies have shown that interleukin-3 receptor α （CD123） is highly expressed on leukemia stem cells of patients with acute myeloid leukemia, and is correlated with tumor load and poor prognosis.The expression of CD123 may also be high in patients with myelodysplastic syndrome （MDS）.In this study, the expression and clinical significance of CD123 and granulocyte colony stimulating factor （G-CSF） receptor （CD114） on the bone marrow cells of patients with MDS were investigated to explore the molecular marker of the malignant clone of MDS.Methods Forty-two patients with MDS, who were diagnosed in the Hematological Department of General Hospital of Tianjin Medical University from 2008 to 2009, and twelve normal controls were enrolled in this study.Fluorescence activiated cell sorter （FACS） was used to measure the expression of CD123 on CD34＋CD38- cells and CD114 on CD34＋cells of the bone marrow of these patients and controls and the clinical significance was analyzed.The expression of CD114 on CD123＋CD34＋CD38- cells was further measured to explore the molecular marker of the malignant clone in MDS.Results MDS patients displayed significantly higher proportion of CD34＋CD38-/CD34＋ （（14.03±5.27）%） than normal controls （（7.70±4.36）%, P 〈0.05）.The expression rate of CD123＋CD34＋CD38-/CD34＋CD38- was significantly higher in MDS patients （（48.39±28.15）%） than that in normal controls （（8.75±11.71）%, P 〈0.01）.The expression level of CD123 was significantly correlated with the proportion of bone marrow blasts （r=0.457, P 〈0.05）.The expression rate of CD114＋CD34＋/CD34＋ was lower in MDS patients （（33.05±21.71）%） than that in normal controls （（38.99±19.07）%） but was not statistically significant （P 〉0.05）.The expression of CD114 on CD123＋CD34＋CD38- cells （（34.82±29.58）%） was significantly lower than that on CD123-CD34＋CD38- cells （（53.48±27.41）%） of M DS patients （P 〈0.05）.Conclusions MDS patients displayed higher proportion of CD34＋CD38-/CD34＋ than normal controls.CD123 was highly expressed in the bone marrow of the patients with MDS, significantly correlated with the proportion of bone marrow blasts, and thus might be the marker of MDS malignant clone.CD123＋CD34＋CD38- cells exhibited lower expression of G-CSF receptors, which might partly explain why MDS clone responds worse to G-CSF in vitro and in vivo.     

Relationship between bone marrow-derived CD34+ cells expressing interleukin-5 receptor messenger RNA and asthmatic airway inflammation

Background Asthma is clinically related with the degree of eosinophilic inflammation.How asthmatic airway inflammation is affected is still poorly understood. So the effects of bone marrow-derived hematopoietic cells expressing CD34 (CD34+) and interleukin-5 (IL-5) receptor messenger RNA (IL-5R mRNA+) on asthmatic airway inflammation were investigated.Methods Balb/c mice were sensitized and challenged by ovalbumin (OVA) to establish an asthmatic model while control mice were sensitized and exposed to sterile saline. The mice were killed at different time points after being challenged by OVA and sterile saline. Then, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), peripheral blood (PB) and bone marrow (BM) were prepared. Eosinophils in PB (PBEOS) and BALF (BALFEOS), nuclear cells in BALF, PB and BM were counted. By flow cytometry, the percentage of CD34+ cells to nucleated cells in PB, BM and the relative number of CD34+ cells in PB (PBCD34+) and BM (BMCD34+) were calculated. Immunocytochemistry and in situ hybridization were used to investigate the hematopoietic cells with co-localized expression of CD34 and IL-5R mRNA in BM (BMCD34+IL-5R mRNA+). The percentage of BMCD34+IL-5R mRNA+ to BMCD34+ was calculated. Results Twelve hours after challenge by OVA, BALFEOS and PBEOS in the experimental group were significantly higher than those in the control group （P<0.01). Twenty-four hours after OVA challenge, BALFEOS, PBEOS and BMCD34+IL-5R mRNA+ were elevated maximally, significantly different from those in the control group （P<0.01). Forty-eight hours after OVA challenge, BALFEOS and BMCD34+IL-5R mRNA+ were still significantly higher than those of the controls （P<0.01). The other markers reverted to normal. In 60 mice, BMCD34+IL-5R mRNA+ was closely correlated with the BALEOS, PBEOS, BMCD34+ and BMCD34+ （%) （P<0.05).Conclusions The amount of CD34+ cells expressing IL-5R mRNA increased in the BM of asthmatic model mice, which favors eosinophilopoiesis and eosinophilic airway inflammation. A signal pathway exists between the lungs and the bone marrow, which is involved in the initiation and maintenance of asthmatic airway inflammation.     

CD8+CD28-T细胞在哮喘小鼠发病机制中的作用及地塞米松对其的影响

目的 探讨CD8+CD28-T细胞在哮喘发病机制中的作用及地塞米松对该细胞的影响.方法 30只BALB/c小鼠随机分为哮喘组、地塞米松组、正常对照组,各10只.哮喘组和地塞米松组给予卵白蛋白致敏后雾化吸入卵白蛋白溶液,地塞米松组每次雾化吸入前腹腔注射地塞米松1 mg/kg,各组分别于末次雾化激发后测定小鼠的气道反应性;对支气管肺泡灌洗液(BALF)行细胞总数、嗜酸性粒细胞(EOS)计数;取肺组织作HE染色病理切片;测BALF中IgE含量;流式细胞仪检测小鼠血、BALF中CD8+CD28-T细胞占淋巴细胞百分比;分析BALF中IgE、EOS计数与血液中CD8+CD28-T细胞百分比的相关性.结果 哮喘组、地塞米松组气道反应性明显高于正常对照组.哮喘组BALF中细胞总数和EOS计数分别为(5.56±4.06)× 102/L和(3.29±2.23)× 102/L,均明显高于地塞米松组[(2.59±1.69)× 102/L,P=0.044和(1.11±0.73)×102/L,P=0.008]及正常对照组[(0.91±0.65)×102/L,P=0.003和(0.43±0.37)× 102/L,P=0.001)];而后两组之间差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05).哮喘组、地塞米松组、正常对照组BALF中IgE含量分别为(23.85±5.97)g/L、(13.15±2.22)g/L、(6.54±1.03)g/L,三组间差异有统计学意义(F=38.558,P=0.000).哮喘组、地塞米松组、正常对照组CD8+CD28-T细胞百分比在外周血中分别为(18.68±4.12)%、(13.43±2.90)%、(8.43±4.60)%;在BALF中分别为(1.25±0.40)%、(0.66±0.49)%、(0.21±0.19)%,组间差异均有统计学意义(F=11.837,P=0.001;F=12.885,P=0.000).哮喘组BALF中IgE含量和EOS计数与外周血中CD8+CLY28-T细胞百分比均呈正相关(r=0.864,P=0.012和r=0.804,P=0.029).结论 CD8+CD28-T细胞数量与哮喘小鼠气道炎症有明显相关性,地塞米松可有效抑制哮喘气道炎症并可能抑制了CD8+CD28-T细胞的表达和功能.

Abstract：

Objective To explore whether or not CD8+ CD28- T cell play a pathogenic role in asthma and detect the effects of dexamethasone ( DXM ). Methods A total of 30 mice were randomly divided into 3 groups: asthmatic group, DXM group and control group ( n = 10 each). The asthmatic and DXM groups were sensitized twice and inhaled ovalbumin. The DXM Group received an intraperitoneal injection of DXM lmg/kg before inhaling ovalbumin. After successful modeling, 3 mice were selected randomly from each group to measure the airway responsiveness. Also a bronchoalveolar lavage cytological study was performed and lung tissue sections were prepared for histopathologic examination to evaluate the airway inflammation. The content of IgE in bronchoaleolar lavage fluid ( BALF) was detected with a murine IgE ELISA kit. And the fractions of CD8 + CD28- T cell of peripheral blood and BALF were tested by flow cytometry to analyze the correlation between IgE, eosinophils ( EOS) of BALF and CD8 + CD28 - T cell of blood. Results The airway hyperresponsiveness in asthmatic and DXM groups were significantly higher than that in the control group. The number of total cells and EOS of BALF in the asthmatic group [ ( 5. 56 ±4. 06) × 102/L; (3. 29 ±2. 23) × 102/L] were significantly higher than that in control group [ (0. 91 ±0.65)×102/L, P = 0.003; (0.43 ±0.37) × 102/L, P = 0.001] and DXM group [(2.59 ±1.69) ×102/L, P =0.044; (1. 11 ±0.73) ×l02/L, P = 0.008]; while the DXM group was insignificantly higher than the control group (P=0. 234, P=0. 363). There were significant differences in the contents of IgE of BALF for the asthmatic, DXM and control groups [ (23. 85 ±5. 97) g/L, (13. 15 ±2.22) g/L, (6.54±1. 03) g/L, F = 38. 558, P = 0. 000 ] . The percentages of CD8 + CD28- T cell in peripheral blood in asthmatic and DXM groups [ (18. 68 ±4. 12)% and ( 13.43 ± 2. 91) % ] were significantly higher than those in control mice [ (8. 43 ± 4. 60) % , both P < 0. 05 ]. The percentages of CD8 + CD28 - T cell of BALF in asthmatic group and DXM group [(1.25±0. 40)% and (0. 66 ± 0. 49) % ] were also significantly higher than those in control mice [ (0. 21 ± 0. 19) % , both P < 0. 05 ]. The percentages of CD8 + CD28 - T cell of blood and BALF in the DXM mice were significantly lower than those in asthmatic group. The correlations between IgE ( r = 0. 864, P = 0. 012), EOS ( r = 0. 804, P = 0.029) and CD8 + CD28- T cell were significant. Conclusion The fraction of CD8 + CD28- T cell is closely correlated with the inflammation of asthmatic airway. The airway hyperresponsiveness and inflammation in asthmatic mice may be relieved by DXM through its effect of inhibiting the expression of CD8 + CD28- T cell.     

fas介导系统性红斑狼疮患者Foxp3+CD4+CD25+Treg细胞凋亡的研究

目的 探讨fas凋亡信号传导途径在系统性红斑狼疮(SLE)患者Foxp3+CD4+CD25+Treg凋亡异常中的作用.方法 选取活动期SLE患者25例、缓解期SLE患者20例及健康对照25名为研究对象,检测所有研究对象外周血Foxp3+CD4+CD25+Treg表面fas的表达,同时分析CD4+CD25+T细胞Foxp3表达.并分别将fas表达率及Foxp3表达率与病情活动性(SLEDAI评分)进行相关分析.结果 (1)外周血Foxp3+CD4+CD25+Treg上fas的表达:活动期SLE组为(23.72±2.35)%,缓解期SLE组为(14.0±2.1)%,对照组为(10.1±1.2)%,在活动期SLE组明显高于缓解期SLE组(P＜0.01)和对照组(P＜0.01),而缓解期SLE组与对照组差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05),fas在Foxp3+CD4+CD25+Treg上的表达与SLEDAI评分呈正相关(r=0.336,P＜0.05).(2)外周血CD4+CD25+T细胞Foxp3的表达:活动期SLE组为(2.83±0.30)%,缓解期SLE组为(5.38±0.63)%,对照组为(8.12-±0.70)%.活动期SLE组外周血 CD4+CD25+T细胞Foxp3表达明显低于缓解期SLE组(P＜0.01)和对照组(P＜0.01);而缓解期SLE组亦低于对照组(P＜0.05).外周血Foxp3表达与SLEDAI评分呈负相关(r=-0.581,P＜0.01).(3)Foxp3与fas的表达呈负相关(r=-0.349,P＜0.01).结论 SLE患者中存在由fas介导的Foxp3+CD4+CD25+Treg的过度凋亡,这可能是导致SLE病情活动的机制之一.

Abstract：

Objective To explore the role of fas apoptosis signal transduction pathway in the abnormal apoptosis of Foxp3 + CD4 + CD25 + Treg in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus ( SLE ).Methods Twenty-five active SLE patients, 20 remission SLE patients and 25 controls were selected. The level of fas expression on peripheral blood Foxp3 + CD4 + CD25 + Treg surface was detected in SLE patients.And analyzed the expression rate of Foxp3 on CD4 + CD25 + T cells was analyzed to explore the relationship between the expression rate and disease activity. Results ( 1 ) The expression rate of fas on Foxp3 + CD4 +CD25 + Treg was (23.72 ± 2. 35 )% , ( 14. 0 ± 2. 1 )% in active and remission SLE groups respectively versus ( 10. 1 ± 1.2)% in control group. The fas expression rate of active SLE group was significantly higher than those of remission SLE group( P ＜ 0. 01 ) and control group ( P ＜ 0. 01 ). And the remission SLE and control groups were not statistically significant ( P ＞0. 05 ). The expression rate of fas on the Foxp3 + CD4 +CD25 + Treg was positively correlated with the SLEDAI ( SLE disease activity index ) score ( r = 0. 336, P ＜0.05). (2) The expression rate of Foxp3 on CD4 +CD25 +T cells was (2.83 ±0.30)%, (5.38 ±0. 63 ) % in active and remission SLE groups respectively versus ( 8. 12 ± 0. 70 ) % in control group. The expression rate of Foxp3 was significantly lower in active SLE group than that in remission SLE group ( P ＜0. 01 )and control group( P ＜0. 01 ). And the Foxp3 expression rate of remission group was also lower than that of control group ( P ＜ 0.05 ). The expression rate of Foxp3 was negatively correlated with the SLEDAI score (r = -0. 581, P ＜ 0. 01 ). (3) The expression rate of Foxp3 was negatively correlated with fas (r=- 0. 349, P ＜ 0. 01 ). Conclusion The abnormal apoptosis of Foxp3 + CD4 + CD25 + Treg mediated by the fas apoptosis signal transduction pathway may be one of the pathogenic mechanisms of disease activity in SLE patients.     

白血病K562/ADM细胞耐药性与白血病干细胞及耐药蛋白表达的关系

Objective To investigate the drug resistance, proportion of leukemia stem cells (LSC) and expression of P-glycoprotein (P-gp) and breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP) in drug-sensitive and multidrug-resistant leukemia cell population. Methods The multidrug-resistant leukemia K562/ADM cell and its parental K562 cell were used as the model cells. The drug sensitivity was tested with a MTI" assay. Flow cytometry was employed to detect the immunophenotype of stem celia and the expression of P-gp and BCRP. The serf-renewal and proliferating potential were examined with methylcellulose colony-formlng unit assay. Results K562/ADM cells were highly resistant to adriamycin, daunorubincin and etoposide. The amount of CD34+, CD123+ and CD34+ CD38- cells in K562/ADM cells was much higher than that in K562 cells, and the proportion of CD34+ CD38-CD123+ cells(LSC) in K562/ADM cells was (5.23 ± 0. 21) % versus (1.27 ± 0. 17) % in K562 cells, which was 4. 12-fold higher than that in K562 cells. Both P-gp and BCRP were overexpressed in K562/ADM cells relative to K562 cells, and the K562/ADM cells co-expressing P-gp and BCRP were 11.25-fold higher over K562 cells. The proportion of CD34+ CD38- CD123+BCRP+ and CD34+ CD38- P-gp+ BCRP+cells in K562/ADM cells were (4. 13±0.40)% and (5. 80 ± 1.19)% respectively, which were 3.66- and 11. 37-fold higher than the same cells in K562 cells [(1.13 ± 0. 15) % and (0. 51 ± 0. 01) %]. Furthermore, drug-resistant K562/ADM cells displayed 4. 17-time greater colony-forming ability over the parent K562 cells, corresponding to the proportion of LSCs in K562/ADM cells. Conclusions The ABC transporters-overexpressing LSC population exists in drug-resistant leukemic K562/ADM cells relative to drug-sensitive K562 cells, and the drug-resistant LSCs may be the source of chemotherapeutic resistance of leukemia.     

白血病K562/ADM细胞耐药性与白血病干细胞及耐药蛋白表达的关系

Objective To investigate the drug resistance, proportion of leukemia stem cells (LSC) and expression of P-glycoprotein (P-gp) and breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP) in drug-sensitive and multidrug-resistant leukemia cell population. Methods The multidrug-resistant leukemia K562/ADM cell and its parental K562 cell were used as the model cells. The drug sensitivity was tested with a MTI" assay. Flow cytometry was employed to detect the immunophenotype of stem celia and the expression of P-gp and BCRP. The serf-renewal and proliferating potential were examined with methylcellulose colony-formlng unit assay. Results K562/ADM cells were highly resistant to adriamycin, daunorubincin and etoposide. The amount of CD34+, CD123+ and CD34+ CD38- cells in K562/ADM cells was much higher than that in K562 cells, and the proportion of CD34+ CD38-CD123+ cells(LSC) in K562/ADM cells was (5.23 ± 0. 21) % versus (1.27 ± 0. 17) % in K562 cells, which was 4. 12-fold higher than that in K562 cells. Both P-gp and BCRP were overexpressed in K562/ADM cells relative to K562 cells, and the K562/ADM cells co-expressing P-gp and BCRP were 11.25-fold higher over K562 cells. The proportion of CD34+ CD38- CD123+BCRP+ and CD34+ CD38- P-gp+ BCRP+cells in K562/ADM cells were (4. 13±0.40)% and (5. 80 ± 1.19)% respectively, which were 3.66- and 11. 37-fold higher than the same cells in K562 cells [(1.13 ± 0. 15) % and (0. 51 ± 0. 01) %]. Furthermore, drug-resistant K562/ADM cells displayed 4. 17-time greater colony-forming ability over the parent K562 cells, corresponding to the proportion of LSCs in K562/ADM cells. Conclusions The ABC transporters-overexpressing LSC population exists in drug-resistant leukemic K562/ADM cells relative to drug-sensitive K562 cells, and the drug-resistant LSCs may be the source of chemotherapeutic resistance of leukemia.     

白血病K562/ADM细胞耐药性与白血病干细胞及耐药蛋白表达的关系

Objective To investigate the drug resistance, proportion of leukemia stem cells (LSC) and expression of P-glycoprotein (P-gp) and breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP) in drug-sensitive and multidrug-resistant leukemia cell population. Methods The multidrug-resistant leukemia K562/ADM cell and its parental K562 cell were used as the model cells. The drug sensitivity was tested with a MTI" assay. Flow cytometry was employed to detect the immunophenotype of stem celia and the expression of P-gp and BCRP. The serf-renewal and proliferating potential were examined with methylcellulose colony-formlng unit assay. Results K562/ADM cells were highly resistant to adriamycin, daunorubincin and etoposide. The amount of CD34+, CD123+ and CD34+ CD38- cells in K562/ADM cells was much higher than that in K562 cells, and the proportion of CD34+ CD38-CD123+ cells(LSC) in K562/ADM cells was (5.23 ± 0. 21) % versus (1.27 ± 0. 17) % in K562 cells, which was 4. 12-fold higher than that in K562 cells. Both P-gp and BCRP were overexpressed in K562/ADM cells relative to K562 cells, and the K562/ADM cells co-expressing P-gp and BCRP were 11.25-fold higher over K562 cells. The proportion of CD34+ CD38- CD123+BCRP+ and CD34+ CD38- P-gp+ BCRP+cells in K562/ADM cells were (4. 13±0.40)% and (5. 80 ± 1.19)% respectively, which were 3.66- and 11. 37-fold higher than the same cells in K562 cells [(1.13 ± 0. 15) % and (0. 51 ± 0. 01) %]. Furthermore, drug-resistant K562/ADM cells displayed 4. 17-time greater colony-forming ability over the parent K562 cells, corresponding to the proportion of LSCs in K562/ADM cells. Conclusions The ABC transporters-overexpressing LSC population exists in drug-resistant leukemic K562/ADM cells relative to drug-sensitive K562 cells, and the drug-resistant LSCs may be the source of chemotherapeutic resistance of leukemia.     

白血病K562/ADM细胞耐药性与白血病干细胞及耐药蛋白表达的关系

Objective To investigate the drug resistance, proportion of leukemia stem cells (LSC) and expression of P-glycoprotein (P-gp) and breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP) in drug-sensitive and multidrug-resistant leukemia cell population. Methods The multidrug-resistant leukemia K562/ADM cell and its parental K562 cell were used as the model cells. The drug sensitivity was tested with a MTI" assay. Flow cytometry was employed to detect the immunophenotype of stem celia and the expression of P-gp and BCRP. The serf-renewal and proliferating potential were examined with methylcellulose colony-formlng unit assay. Results K562/ADM cells were highly resistant to adriamycin, daunorubincin and etoposide. The amount of CD34+, CD123+ and CD34+ CD38- cells in K562/ADM cells was much higher than that in K562 cells, and the proportion of CD34+ CD38-CD123+ cells(LSC) in K562/ADM cells was (5.23 ± 0. 21) % versus (1.27 ± 0. 17) % in K562 cells, which was 4. 12-fold higher than that in K562 cells. Both P-gp and BCRP were overexpressed in K562/ADM cells relative to K562 cells, and the K562/ADM cells co-expressing P-gp and BCRP were 11.25-fold higher over K562 cells. The proportion of CD34+ CD38- CD123+BCRP+ and CD34+ CD38- P-gp+ BCRP+cells in K562/ADM cells were (4. 13±0.40)% and (5. 80 ± 1.19)% respectively, which were 3.66- and 11. 37-fold higher than the same cells in K562 cells [(1.13 ± 0. 15) % and (0. 51 ± 0. 01) %]. Furthermore, drug-resistant K562/ADM cells displayed 4. 17-time greater colony-forming ability over the parent K562 cells, corresponding to the proportion of LSCs in K562/ADM cells. Conclusions The ABC transporters-overexpressing LSC population exists in drug-resistant leukemic K562/ADM cells relative to drug-sensitive K562 cells, and the drug-resistant LSCs may be the source of chemotherapeutic resistance of leukemia.     

白血病K562/ADM细胞耐药性与白血病干细胞及耐药蛋白表达的关系

Objective To investigate the drug resistance, proportion of leukemia stem cells (LSC) and expression of P-glycoprotein (P-gp) and breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP) in drug-sensitive and multidrug-resistant leukemia cell population. Methods The multidrug-resistant leukemia K562/ADM cell and its parental K562 cell were used as the model cells. The drug sensitivity was tested with a MTI" assay. Flow cytometry was employed to detect the immunophenotype of stem celia and the expression of P-gp and BCRP. The serf-renewal and proliferating potential were examined with methylcellulose colony-formlng unit assay. Results K562/ADM cells were highly resistant to adriamycin, daunorubincin and etoposide. The amount of CD34+, CD123+ and CD34+ CD38- cells in K562/ADM cells was much higher than that in K562 cells, and the proportion of CD34+ CD38-CD123+ cells(LSC) in K562/ADM cells was (5.23 ± 0. 21) % versus (1.27 ± 0. 17) % in K562 cells, which was 4. 12-fold higher than that in K562 cells. Both P-gp and BCRP were overexpressed in K562/ADM cells relative to K562 cells, and the K562/ADM cells co-expressing P-gp and BCRP were 11.25-fold higher over K562 cells. The proportion of CD34+ CD38- CD123+BCRP+ and CD34+ CD38- P-gp+ BCRP+cells in K562/ADM cells were (4. 13±0.40)% and (5. 80 ± 1.19)% respectively, which were 3.66- and 11. 37-fold higher than the same cells in K562 cells [(1.13 ± 0. 15) % and (0. 51 ± 0. 01) %]. Furthermore, drug-resistant K562/ADM cells displayed 4. 17-time greater colony-forming ability over the parent K562 cells, corresponding to the proportion of LSCs in K562/ADM cells. Conclusions The ABC transporters-overexpressing LSC population exists in drug-resistant leukemic K562/ADM cells relative to drug-sensitive K562 cells, and the drug-resistant LSCs may be the source of chemotherapeutic resistance of leukemia.     

白血病K562/ADM细胞耐药性与白血病干细胞及耐药蛋白表达的关系

Objective To investigate the drug resistance, proportion of leukemia stem cells (LSC) and expression of P-glycoprotein (P-gp) and breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP) in drug-sensitive and multidrug-resistant leukemia cell population. Methods The multidrug-resistant leukemia K562/ADM cell and its parental K562 cell were used as the model cells. The drug sensitivity was tested with a MTI" assay. Flow cytometry was employed to detect the immunophenotype of stem celia and the expression of P-gp and BCRP. The serf-renewal and proliferating potential were examined with methylcellulose colony-formlng unit assay. Results K562/ADM cells were highly resistant to adriamycin, daunorubincin and etoposide. The amount of CD34+, CD123+ and CD34+ CD38- cells in K562/ADM cells was much higher than that in K562 cells, and the proportion of CD34+ CD38-CD123+ cells(LSC) in K562/ADM cells was (5.23 ± 0. 21) % versus (1.27 ± 0. 17) % in K562 cells, which was 4. 12-fold higher than that in K562 cells. Both P-gp and BCRP were overexpressed in K562/ADM cells relative to K562 cells, and the K562/ADM cells co-expressing P-gp and BCRP were 11.25-fold higher over K562 cells. The proportion of CD34+ CD38- CD123+BCRP+ and CD34+ CD38- P-gp+ BCRP+cells in K562/ADM cells were (4. 13±0.40)% and (5. 80 ± 1.19)% respectively, which were 3.66- and 11. 37-fold higher than the same cells in K562 cells [(1.13 ± 0. 15) % and (0. 51 ± 0. 01) %]. Furthermore, drug-resistant K562/ADM cells displayed 4. 17-time greater colony-forming ability over the parent K562 cells, corresponding to the proportion of LSCs in K562/ADM cells. Conclusions The ABC transporters-overexpressing LSC population exists in drug-resistant leukemic K562/ADM cells relative to drug-sensitive K562 cells, and the drug-resistant LSCs may be the source of chemotherapeutic resistance of leukemia.     

骨髓基质细胞衍生因子1及其受体在骨髓增生异常综合征患者中的表达

目的 探讨基质细胞衍生因子1(SDF-1)与其受体趋化因子受体CXCR4在骨髓增生异常综合征(MDS)发病中的可能作用,为MDS的治疗寻找有意义的靶点.方法 收集2006年10月至2010年6月59例MDS病例,根据国际预后积分系统(IPSS)分为低危和高危两组,分别为33例和26例,以10份正常的骨髓标本作为对照.采集骨髓标本,检测骨髓血浆中SDF-1的含量、CD34+细胞CXCR4的表达率、CD34+细胞的凋亡率及血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)在骨髓血浆中的表达.结果 SDF-1在低危组和高危组患者骨髓血浆中的含量[(2301±413)、(1173 ±501)ng/L]显著高于对照组[(689±190)ng/L,P＜0.05],低危组显著高于高危组(P＜0.05).CD34+细胞CXCR4的表达在高危组(68.1％±18.8％)显著高于低危组(21.0％±9.7％)和对照组(19.4％±5.3％)(P＜0.05),在后两组的表达率差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).CD34+细胞的凋亡率在低危组、高危组和对照组分别为54.8％±10.2％,24.3％±7.9％,l8.5％±8.7％,前组显著高于后两组(P＜0.05).骨髓血浆中VEGF的含量在低危组、高危组、对照组分别为(286±97)、(407±168)、(157±46)ng/L,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).相关分析显示:低危组CD34+细胞的凋亡率与骨髓血浆SDF-1的含量呈正相关(r =0.805,P＜0.05);高危组血浆VEGF的含量与CD34+细胞CXCR4的表达呈正相关(r=0.683,P＜0.05).结论 SDF-1/CXCR4在MDS中存在异常表达,且与骨髓细胞的凋亡和血管新成具有相关性,针对该生物轴的干预可为该病的治疗提供新的靶点.     

骨髓增生异常综合征患者骨髓造血细胞分化抗原表达及其意义

目的 了解骨髓增生异常综合征(MDS)患者骨髓成熟粒系和红系细胞分化抗原表达特点并分析其与IPSS、WPSS评分的相关性.方法 采用流式细胞术检测34例(12例低危、22例高危)MDS患者及31名正常骨髓粒系CD11b、CD13、CD16、HLA-DR以及红系CD71和血型糖蛋白A(GlyA)抗原的序贯表达比例和模式.结果 选择CD13/CD11b、CD13/CD16及CD11b/CD16组合来分析粒细胞分化抗原表达模式,对照组骨髓粒系细胞组合模式分别为"对钩"、"镰刀"或"反7"状,MDS患者骨髓粒系细胞发育分化中的抗原表达模式出现不同程度的改变.高危组CD11b-/CD11b+比值(0.39±0.34)明显高于低危组(0.10±0.09)和对照组(0.07±0.05)(P<0.01);高危组CD16-/CD16+比值(1.33±0.77)明显高于对照组(0.39 ±0.31)(P<0.05);低危和高危组骨髓粒细胞CD13的平均荧光强度(MFI)高于对照组,侧向角散射光信号(SSC)的MFI低于对照组,但差异无统计学意义.高危组CD11b-HLA-DR+3.88%±3.07%、CD11b-HLA-DR-16.23%±15.59%、CD16-HLA-DR-41.12%±24.53%、CD11b+CD16-33.53%±17.26%及CD13+CD16-44.51%±21.99%细胞占粒细胞比例明显高于低危组和对照组(P<0.05),其他组间比较差异无统计学意义.应用CD71和GlyA的组合来分析红系细胞的分化,对照组两种抗原的组合模式均为双阳性表达,部分MDS患者可见CD71和GlyA表达不同步现象.低危组和高危组CD71+和GIyA+双阳性细胞分别占CD45-细胞和GIyA+细胞的比例均显著低于对照组.MDS患者粒、红系抗原表达的比例和模式异常数目与IPSS积分(r=0.690,P=0.000)、WPSS积分(r=0.651,P=0.000)均呈正相关.结论 MDS患者造血细胞分化抗原表达异常,异常程度与预后相关.这提示分化抗原检测可能有助于MDS患者的诊断和预后判断.     

Treg细胞在骨髓增生异常综合征中的变化及其意义

目的 研究CD4+Treg细胞在骨髓增生异常综合征(MDS)中的变化及其意义.并探讨CD4+Treg细胞在MDS低危组和MDS高危组中的变化和内在联系.方法 流式细胞仪检测MDS低危组(21例)、MDS高危组(15例)及正常对照组(22例)CD4+CD25+T细胞和CD4+FOXP3+T细胞分别占CD4+T细胞的比例,采用直接免疫荧光法标记T细胞特征抗原.结论 CD4+FOXP3+T细胞占CD4+T细胞的比例在各组中比较:MDS低危组与高危组均明显高于正常对照组,MDS高危组高于低危组,差异有统计学意义,CD4+CD25+T细胞占CD4+T的比例在各组中无明显差异.结论CD4+Treg细胞在MDS组较正常对照组明显升高,并且随着疾病的进展CD4+Treg细胞逐渐升高.     

骨髓增生异常综合征中骨髓CD34~+、CD34~-细胞凋亡和增殖的实验研究

目的:分析骨髓增生异常综合征(MDS)患者骨髓CD34+细胞和CD34-细胞凋亡和增殖情况,从该角度探讨MDS的发病机制。方法:流式细胞术分析20例高危MDS、20例低危MDS患者及10例正常对照者骨髓CD34+细胞的比例,CD34+细胞和CD34-细胞凋亡、增殖的百分率,计算各组中的凋亡/增殖(A/P)比。结果:(1)MDS患者CD34+细胞的比例明显高于对照组,其中高危组CD34+细胞的比例明显高于低危组(P<0.05),而低危组与对照组比较无显著差异;(2)CD34+,CD34-细胞的凋亡率在MDS低危组中均为最高,明显高于MDS高危组和对照组,在低危组中,CD34-细胞的凋亡率(80.36±1.82)%明显高于CD34+细胞(54.75±2.18)%(P<0.05),而在高危组中,CD34+,CD34-细胞的凋亡率无显著差异;(3)CD34+细胞的增殖率在MDS高危组中最高,明显高于低危组和对照组,而CD34-细胞的增殖率在MDS高危和低危组间无显著差异,在高危组中,CD34+细胞的增殖率(50.67±3.37)%明显高于CD34-细胞的(30.99±1.96)%(P<0.05);(4)无论CD34+,CD34-细胞的A/P值在MDS低危组中均明显高于高危组和正常对照组,而在MDS各亚组中,CD34-细胞的A/P值明显高于CD34+的A/P值(P<0.05)。结论:CD34+细胞百分率随MDS危险度增加而逐渐增加,在低危组中以CD34-细胞的凋亡占主导,随着病情进展,在高危组中则以CD34+细胞的增殖占主导,提示异常的凋亡和增殖在MDS的发生和发展中起重要作用。     

姜黄素下调CyclinD1和Bcl-2的表达增强急性髓系LSCs对柔红霉素的敏感性

目的 探讨姜黄素(CUR)增强急性髓系白血病干细胞(LSCs)CD34+ CD38-KG1a细胞对柔红霉素(DNR)敏感性的机制.方法 流式细胞术分析KG1a细胞的CD34、CD38表面分子的表达情况.四甲基偶氮唑蓝(MTT)法获取CUR作用CD34+CD38-KG1a细胞的IC50 .M T T 法、甲基纤维素克隆形成实验和流式细胞术分别检测DNR对两种细胞(CD34+ CD38-KG1a和CUR/CD34+CD38-KG1a)的增殖抑制作用、克隆形成能力和凋亡影响.逆转录PCR(RT-PCR)检测细胞Bcl-2、Bax和XIAP的mRNA表达.Western blot分析细胞周期蛋白D1(CyclinD1)、Bcl-2、Bax 和 XIAP蛋白表达.结果 KG1a细胞系的CD34+CD38-KG1a细胞比例为(98 .2 ± 3 .2)% .CUR作用CD34+CD38-KG1a细胞24 h的IC50 =100 μmol/L.中、高浓度(0 . 8、2 .0 μg/mL)DNR对CUR/CD34+CD38-KG1a细胞的增殖抑制作用比CD34+CD38-KG1a细胞强(P＜0 .05).DNR对CUR/CD34+CD38-KG1a细胞克隆形成能力的抑制作用较CD34+ CD38-KG1a细胞强(P＜0 .05).各DNR浓度组中 ,CUR/CD34+CD38-KG1a细胞凋亡率均比CD34+CD38-KG1a细胞高(P＜0 .05).Bcl-2的mRNA及CyclinD1和Bcl-2蛋白表达下降.Bax、XIAP的mRNA和蛋白表达变化不明显.结论 CUR能增强CD34+ CD38-KG1a细胞对DNR的敏感性 ,与CUR下调CD34+CD38-KG1a细胞CyclinD1和Bcl-2的表达相关.     

重组人G-CSF治疗不同白细胞减少症的疗效与机制

目的 探讨重组人粒细胞集落刺激因子（rhG-CSF）治疗不同白细胞减少症的疗效与机制。方法 临床选取四组患者：再生障碍性贫血组（AA组,n=10）、骨髓增生异常综合征组（MDS组,n=10）、药物性白细胞减少组（药物组,n=20）（根据骨髓粒系增生程度再分为增生活跃组和增生减低组）和缺铁性贫血组（对照组,n=10）。ELISA法测定外周血G-CSF浓度;流式细胞仪检测骨髓单个核细胞（BMMNC）G-CSF受体(G-CSFR)的表达率及CD34+细胞比例;培养BMMNC,比较粒细胞集落形成单位（CFU-G）集落数。比较AA组、MDS组和药物组进行rhG-CSF治疗的效果。结果 AA组和药物组的血清G-CSF浓度均高于对照组和MDS组（P<0.05）。AA组的G-CSFR表达率低于其余各组（P<0.05）,但MDS组与药物组和对照组之间差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）;增生减低组G-CSFR表达率低于增生活跃组和对照组（P<0.05）,但增生活跃组与对照组差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。AA组的CD34+细胞比例低于其余各组（P<0.05）,但其余各组间差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。AA组和MDS组的CFU-G集落数均低于对照组和药物组（P<0.05）,但AA组与MDS组、药物组与对照组之间差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。经rhG-CSF治疗后,药物组疗效优于MDS组,MDS组疗效优于AA组（P<0.05）。结论 rhG-CSF疗效与骨髓G-CSFR表达率、CD34+细胞比例、干祖细胞对G-CSF的反应性及内源性G-CSF浓度有关。     

Expression of chemokine receptors CCR3,CCR5 and CXCR3 on CD4+ T cells in CBA/JxDBA/2 mouse model,selectively induced by IL-4 and IL-10,regulates the embryo resorption rate

Background Chemokines and their receptors have been a research focus in transplantation immunology.Chemokines and their receptors play a role in lymphocyte recruitment and differentiation process.This study aimed to observe whether IL-4 and IL-10 may regulate the expression of chemokine receptors CCR3,CCR5 and CXCR3 on CD4+ T cells in CBA/JxDBA/2 mouse model and to explore the role of CCR3,CCR5,CXCR3 in immune tolerance in pregnancy.Methods The mouse model of spontaneous abortion (CBA/JxDBA/2) and the normal pregnant mouse model (CBA/JxBALB/c) were used.CBA/JxDBA/2 mice were injected with IL-4 (CBA/JxDBA/2-1L-4),IL-4 and IL-10 (CBA/JxDBA/2-1L-4+IL-10),or normal saline (CBA/JxDBA/2-NS) as a control.The expression of CCR3,CCR5 and CXCR3 on CD4+ T cells from mouse peripheral blood was measured by the double-labelled FCM method,and the embryo resorption rate was also examined.Results The embryo resorption rate in the CBA/JxDBA/2 group without any treatment was significantly higher than that in the CBA/JxBALB/c group (17.9% vs 3.7%,P＜0.01).The embryo resorption rate in the CBA/JxDBA/2 group immunized with IL-4 or IL-4 together with IL-10 was significantly decreased,compared with that in the control and NS groups respectively.CCR3 expression on CD4+ T cells in the CBA/JxDBA/2 group without any treatment was significantly lower than that in the CBA/JxBALB/c group (0.3738±0.3575 vs 1.2190±0.2772,P＜0.01 );both CCR5 (3.0900±1.5603 vs 1.2390±0.6361,P ＜0.01)and CXCR3 (2.4715±0.9074 vs 0.9200±0.5585,P ＜0.01 ) expressions on CD4+ T cells of the CBA/JxDBA/2 group without any treatment were significantly higher than those of the CBA/JxBALB/c group.Significant up-regulation of CCR3 and down-regulation of CXCR3 were found in the CBA/JxDBA/2 group treated with IL-4 (CCR3:2.0360±0.6944,CXCR3:1.3510±0.5263,P ＜0.01) or IL-4 and IL-10 (CCR3:1.8160±1.0947,CXCR3:1.0940±0.7168,P＜0.01).Because of the CCR5,IL-4 and IL-10 (1.9400±0.8504 vs 3.0900±1.5603,P ＜0.05),but IL-4 alone (2.5310±1.3595 vs 3.0900±1.5603,P ＞0.05)treatment significantly decreased the expression of CCR5 in CBA/JxDBA/2.Conclusions The abnormal expression of CCR3,CCR5 and CXCR3 on CD4+ T cells may play an important role in the pathogenesis of spontaneous abortion.The pregnancy immune tolerance may be induced through selective induction of CCR3,CCR5 and CXCR3 expressions by IL-4 together with IL-10.