C-反应蛋白与白细胞介素-6和肿瘤坏死因子-α在2型糖尿病肾病中的变化

目的 研究血清炎症因子C-反应蛋白(CRP)、白介素-6(IL-6)和肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)在2型糖尿病肾病中的变化.方法 2型糖尿病患者96例,其中2型糖尿病正常蛋白尿(DM)组38例,早期肾病(DN1)组31例,临床肾病(DN2)组27例,健康对照(NC)组30例,用酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)法测定血清CRP、IL-6、TNF-α水平.结果 DM组血清CRP 2.74±1.65 mg/L、IL-6 148.36±24.62 ng/L、TNF-α 16.50±8.90 ng/L较健康对照组升高,分别为0.89±0.45 mg/L、IL-6 123.20±18.59 ng/L、TNF-α 12.50±4.62 ng/L(P＜0.05);DN1、DN2两组的血清CRP、IL-6、TNF-α均较DM组、健康对照组升高(P＜0.05或P＜0.01);DN2组的血清CRP、IL-6、TNF-α均较DN1组升高(P＜0.05或P＜0.01).相关分析发现,血清CRP升高与总胆固醇(TC)(r=0.45,P＜0.01)、尿微量清蛋白排泄率(UAER)(r=0.545,P＜0.01)、血肌酐(Cre)(r=0.412,P＜0.01)及糖化血红蛋白(HbAlc)(r=0.22,P＜0.05)成正相关;血清IL-6与TC(r=0.289,P＜0.01)、UAER(r=0.0.387,P＜0.01)、血肌酐(r=0.361,P＜0.01)及糖化血红蛋白(HbAlc)(r=0.380,P＜0.01)成正相关;血清TNF-α与BMI(r=0.256,P＜0.01)、血Cre(r=0.251,P＜0.01)及UAER(r=0.231,P＜0.01)成正相关.结论 糖尿病肾病患者炎性反应因子水平升高与尿清蛋白排泄率成正相关,血清CRP、IL-6、TNF-α的测定可作为判断2型糖尿病肾病损害程度及预后的指标.     

慢性血吸虫感染对脓毒症小鼠保护作用的研究

目的 初步探讨慢性血吸虫(SJ)感染对脓毒症小鼠的保护作用及其机制.方法 选择BALB/c雄性小鼠,按随机数字表法分组进行三部分实验.实验1:经腹部皮肤接种SJ尾蚴感染8周建立慢性SJ感染模型,分为正常组和SJ组,每组10只;用酶联免疫吸附法(ELISA)检测血清白细胞介素(IL-4和IL-10)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、γ-干扰素(IFN-γ)水平,实时荧光定量聚合酶链反应(PCR)检测腹腔巨噬细胞IL-10和TNF-α的mRNA表达,了解慢性SJ感染小鼠免疫状态.实验2:以脂多糖(LPS)腹腔注射诱导小鼠脓毒症模型,分为LPS组和SJ-LPS组,每组15只;用ELISA法动态观察注射LPS后0、24、48和72 h细胞因子的变化,0 h的水平相当于正常小鼠和SJ感染8周水平,观察慢性SJ感染对脓毒症过程的影响.实验3:分别以盲肠结扎穿孔术(CLP)和LPS诱导两种不同的脓毒症模型,评价慢性SJ感染对脓毒症小鼠72 h存活率的影响.结果 实验1:SJ组血清抗炎因子IL-4[(151.35±12.24)ng/L]和IL-10[(133.22±11.09)ng/L]水平较正常组[IL-4(56.32±8.66)ng/L,IL-10(48.17±7.23)ng/L]显著升高(均P＜0.05),并可使巨噬细胞向替代活化性巨噬细胞分化,慢性SJ感染使腹腔巨噬细胞高表达IL-10 mRNA(SJ组4.46±1.82,正常组1.52±0.60),抑制TNF-α mRNA表达(SJ组1.61±0.93,正常组2.32±1.03,均P＜0.05).实验2、3:慢性SJ感染小鼠血清IL-4、IL-10于注射LPS后0 h即显著升高,随后下降,至72 h仍明显高于LPS组[IL-4(ng/L):92.2±7.6比41.5±4.5;IL-10(ng/L):92.1±7.8比35.6±4.0,均P＜0.05];TNF-α、IFN-γ均于24 h达峰值后逐渐下降,至72 h SJ-LPS组仍显著低于LPS组[TNF-α(ng/L):82.9±5.6比91.5±5.2;IFN-γ(ng/L):44.1±4.8比52.6±4.0,均P＜0.05].慢性SJ感染可明显改善CLP或LPS所致脓毒症小鼠的存活率(CLP:80%比20%,LPS:70%比30%,均P＜0.05).结论 慢性SJ感染可使脓毒症小鼠血清抗炎因子升高,存活率上升,从而起到保护作用.

Abstract：

Objective To preliminarily study the protective effect of chronic schistosoma japonica (SJ)infestation against sepsis in mice and its mechanism. Methods BALB/c male mice were used, and the experiment was divided into three parts. Experiment 1: chronic SJ infestation model was reproduced by SJ cercaria inoculation through abdominal skin for 8 weeks. Twenty mice were randomly grouped into normal group (n=10) and SJ group (n=10). The levels of interleukins (IL-4, IL-10), tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α) and interferon-γ (IFN-γ) in serum were detected by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).Real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was employed to detect the levels of IL-10 mRNA and TNF-αmRNA in abdominal macrophages. This experiment was meant to evaluate immune state in mice with chronic SJ infestation. Experiment 2: lipopolysaccharide (LPS) was intraperitoneally injected to reproduce sepsis model. Thirty mice were randomly grouped into LPS group (n=15) and SJ-LPS group (n=15). The levels of cytokines were determined by ELISA at 0, 24, 48 and 72 hours after LPS injection. This experiment was meant to detect the effect of chronic SJ infestation in mice during the septic process. Experiment 3 : two types of sepsis model were reproduced by cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) and LPS injection, respectively. The survival rate of mice with chronic SJ infestation in 72 hours in either type of sepsis was evaluated. Results Experiment 1, compared with normal group [IL-4 (56.32±8.66) ng/L, IL-10 (48.17±7.23) ng/L],chronic SJ infestation showed an increase in serum IL-4 [(151. 35 ± 12. 24) ng/L] and IL-10 [(133. 22 ±11. 09) ng/L, both P＜0. 05]. Chronic SJ infestation also resulted in an increase in IL-10 mRNA expression (SJ group 4. 46±1. 82, normal group 1. 52±0. 60) and inhibited TNF-α mRNA expression (SJ group 1. 61±0.93, normal group 2. 32±1.03) in abdominal macrophages (both P＜0. 05), indicating that macrophages could be differentiated into alternative activated macrophages. Experiments 2 and 3 showed that the levels of serum IL-4 and IL-10 were increased at 0 hour after LPS injection, and then gradually decreased in SJ-LPS group, but the levels were still higher than those in LPS group at 72 hours [IL-4 (ng/L): 92. 2±7. 6 vs.41.5±4. 5; IL-10 (ng/L): 92. 1±7. 8 vs. 35. 6±4. 0, both P＜0. 05]; the levels of TNF-α and IFN-γ were increased at 24 hours, and then decreased in SJ-LPS group, and the levels were lower than those in LPSgroup at 72 hours [TNF-α (ng/L): 82. 9±5. 6 vs. 91. 5±5. 2; IFN-γ (ng/L): 44.1±4. 8 vs. 52. 6±4. 0,both P＜0. 05]. Therefore, chronic SJ infestation could improve the survival rate of mice with sepsis induced by CLP or LPS (CLP: 80% vs. 20%, LPS: 70% vs. 30%, both P＜0.05). Conclusion Chronic SJ infestation could elevate anti-inflammatory factors in septic mice, thus ameliorating the survival rate, so it has protective effect on mice with sepsis.     

骨髓间充质干细胞对烟雾吸入性损伤兔早期炎症因子分泌的影响

目的 探讨骨髓间充质干细胞(MSCs)对烟雾吸入性损伤早期外周血及肺组织中肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、白细胞介素(IL-1β、IL-6、IL-10)分泌的影响.方法 全骨髓培养法体外培养兔MSCs,用流式细胞术鉴定.将56只健康新西兰大耳白兔按随机数字表法分为正常对照组(C组,n=8)、烟雾吸入性损伤组(S组,n=24)、烟雾吸入性损伤+MSCs移植组(M组,n=24),后两组再分为伤后2、4、6 h亚组,每组8只.采用酶联免疫吸附法(ELISA)检测血浆及肺组织匀浆液中促炎因子TNF-α、IL-1β、IL-6及抗炎因子IL-10的含量.结果 与C组比较,S组各时间点血浆促炎、抗炎因子均显著升高;各时间点肺组织促炎因子显著升高,抗炎因子无明显变化.与S组比较,M组各时间点血浆促炎因子显著下降,抗炎因子显著升高[6 h时TNF-α(μg/L):1.7±1.7比4.1±1.6,IL-1β(ng/L):9.9±1.7比21.2±2.6,IL-6(μg/L):1.0±0.3比1.3±0.2,IL-10(ng/L):15.2±4.4比7.9±3.5,均P＜0.05];各时间点肺组织促炎因子显著降低,而抗炎因子仅在4 h、6 h显著升高[6 h时TNF-α(ng/L):503.0±156.4比587.7±171.2,IL-1β(ng/L):0.4±0.2比0.6±0.2,IL-6(ng/L):155.2±13.7比350.2±20.3,IL-10(ng/L):23.3±5.4比11.0±5.6,均P＜0.05].结论 MSCs移植能降低烟雾吸入性损伤早期促炎因子水平,升高抗炎因子水平,改善全身炎症反应,对烟雾吸入性损伤肺组织具有一定的保护作用.

Abstract：

Objective To explore the effect of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) engraftment on secretion of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukins (IL-1β, IL-6, IL-10) in peripheral blood and lung homogenates in the early stages of smoke inhalation injury. Methods MSCs were proliferated by the method of whole marrow culture and identified by flow cytometry. Fifty-six healthy New Zealand rabbits were randomly divided into control group (C group, n=8), smoke inhalation injury group (S group, n=24)and smoke inhalation injury+MSCs engraftment group (M group, n=24). The latter two groups were subdivided into 2, 4, 6 hours after injury subgroups, with 8 rabbits in each group. The levels of TNF-α,IL-1β, IL-6 and IL-10 in peripheral blood and lung homogenates were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results Compared with C group, concent of pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines in peripheral blood at each time point in S group were increased significantly.The concent of pro-inflammatory cytokines in lung homogenate at each time point in S group was significantly higher than thoae in C group, and that of anti-inflammatory cytokines showed no significant changes.Compared with the S group, concent of pro-inflammatory cytokines in peripheral blood in M group was decreased significantly, and that of anti-inflammatory cytokines was increased significantly [6 hours TNF-α(μg/L):1.7±1.7 vs. 4.1±1.6, IL-1β (ng/L): 9.9±1.7 vs. 21.2±2.6, IL-6 (μg/L): 1.0±0.3 vs.1.3 ± 0. 2, IL-10 (ng/L): 15. 2 ± 4. 4 vs. 7. 9 ± 3.5, all P＜0.05]. Concent of pro-inflammatory cytokines at each time point in M group was decreased significantly when compared with S group in lung homogenate,while only anti-inflammatory cytokine at 4 hours and 6 hours was increased significantly [6 hours TNF-α (ng/L): 503. 0±156. 4 vs. 587.7±171.2, IL-1β (ng/L): 0.4±0.2 vs. 0.6±0.2, IL-6 (ng/L): 155.2±13.7 vs. 350.2±20.3, IL-10 (ng/L): 23.3±5.4 vs. 11.0±5.6, all P＜0.05]. Conclusion MSCs engraftment could decrease pro-inflammatory cytokines and increase anti-inflammatory cytokines in the early stages of smoke inhalation injury, thus amelioratea inflammatory reaponse, which confers protective effect on smoke inhalation injury.     

危重症应激性高血糖患者炎症反应与胰岛素组分关系的研究

目的 研究应激性高血糖(SHG)患者炎症反应与胰岛素组分的关系,探讨炎症反应对胰岛素抵抗及胰岛β细胞分泌功能的影响.方法 选择SHG患者45例,根据其临床炎症反应状态分为应激期和应激消除期,并选择25例健康体检者作为对照;分别测定血中肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、血糖、胰岛素组分[包括胰岛素原(PI)、免疫反应性胰岛素(IRI)、真胰岛素(TI)、C-肽(C-P)]浓度及功能指标[包括胰岛素抵抗指数(HOMA-IR)、胰岛β细胞功能指数(HOMA-β)]水平,比较组间血糖、TNF-α、胰岛素组分及功能指标,并进行TNF-α与血糖、胰岛素组分及功能指标的相关性分析.结果 ①SHG应激期、应激消除期及健康对照组TI水平比较差异无统计学意义[3.68(1.57,7.70)、3.42(2.41,7.40)、1.46(0.35,4.90)mU/L,均P＞0.05],应激期血糖[(10.04±2.43)mmol/L]、TNF-α[13.70(11.77,20.00)ng/L]、PI[6.20(3.22,9.27)pmol/L]、IRI[13.45(9.88,19.88)mU/L]及C-P[3.01(2.37,4.00)μg/L]水平均明显高于应激消除期[血糖:(6.09±0.84)mmol/L,TNF-α:11.58(8.80,13.22)ng/L,PI:1.54(0.36,11.82)pmol/L,IRI:10.80(5.35,12.60)mU/L,C-P:2.42(1.17,3.56)μg/L]和健康对照组[血糖:(4.87±0.56)mmol/L,TNF-α:9.27(7.48,12.16)ng/L,PI:2.20(1.88,4.54)pmol/L,IRI:5.50(4.00,8.00)mU/L,C-P:1.15(0.87,1.76)μg/L,P＜0.05或P＜0.01].②SHG应激期HOMA-IR[5.17(3.41,11.51)]明显高于应激消除期[3.24(1.51,6.95)]及健康对照组[1.14(0.81,1.79),P＜0.05和P＜0.01];应激期HOMA-β[10.80(3.72,31.40)]明显低于应激消除期[28.42(6.46,125.01)]及健康对照组[21.94(7.77,62.01),P＜0.01和P＜0.05].③SHG患者TNF-α与PI、IRI、C-P及HOMA-IR呈正相关(r1=0.292,r2=0.344,r3=0.397,r4=0.324,P＜0.05或P＜0.01);与HOMA-β呈负相关(r=-0.235,P＜0.05).结论 危重症SHG患者炎症反应越重,胰岛素组分PI、IRI、C-P升高越明显,而TI相对分泌不足;炎症反应可影响危重症SHG患者胰岛素抵抗和胰岛β细胞分泌功能.

Abstract：

Objective To observe the relationship between inflammatory response and the constituents of islet β cell secretion during stress hyperglycemia(SHG)in critically ill patients, in order to study the impact of inflammatory response on insulin resistance and the secretion function of islet β cells.Methods According to the state of inflammatory response, 45 critical patients with SHG were divided into two groups: stress and the convalescence period. Twenty-five healthy individuals were enrolled as control group. The blood levels of tumour necrosis factor-α(TNF-α), blood glucose(BG), and insulin components including proinsulin(PI), immunoreactive insulin(IRI), true insulin(TI), C-peptide(C-P)were measured respectively. The levels of BG, TNF-α, insulin components, insulin resistance index (HOMA-IR) and the secretion index(HOMA-β)were compared among groups. The relationship between TNF-α and BG, insulin components, HOMA-IR, HOMA-β were analyzed. Results ①There was no difference in concentrations of TI among stress period, convalescence stage and control group[3.68(1.57, 7. 70), 3. 42(2.41, 7.40),1.46(0. 35, 4.90)mU/L, all P＞0. 05], whereas the concentration of BG[(10. 04 ± 2. 43)mmol/L],TNF-α[13. 70(11.77, 20.00)ng/L], PI[6. 20(3. 22, 9.27)pmol/L], IRI[13.45(9. 88, 19. 88)mU/L]and C-P[3. 01(2. 37, 4. 00)μg/L]in stress period were significantly higher than those in the convalescence stage[BG:(6. 09±0. 84)mmol/L, TNF-α: 11.58(8. 80, 13. 22)ng/L, PI: 1.54(0. 36, 11.82)pmol/L,IRI: 10.80(5.35, 12.60)mU/L, C-P: 2.42(1.17, 3.56)μg/L]and control group[BG:(4.87±0.56)mmol/L,TNF-α: 9.27(7.48, 12.16)ng/L, PI: 2.20(1.88, 4.54)pmol/L, IRI: 5.50(4.00,8.00)mU/L, C-P: 1.15(0.87, 1.76)μg/L, P＜0.05 or P＜0.01]. ②The HOMA-IR[5.17(3.41,11.51)]in stress period was significantly higher than that in the convalescence[3.24(1.51, 6. 95)]and control group[l. 14(0. 81, 1.79), P＜0. 05 and P＜0. 01]. The HOMA-β[10. 80(3. 72, 31.40)]of islet βcell in stress period was significantly lower than that in the convalescence[28.42(6. 46, 125.01)]and control group[21.94(7. 77, 62. 01), P＜0. 01 and P＜0. 05]. ③There were positive correlations between the concentration of TNF-α and PI, IRI, C-P and HOMA-IR(r1 = 0. 292, r2 = 0. 344, r3 = 0. 397, r4 = 0. 324,P＜ 0. 05 or P ＜ 0. 01). There were negative correlation between concentration of TNF-α and HOMA-β(r=-0. 235, P＜0. 05). Conclusion The severer the inflammatory response, the higher PI, IRI and C-P,while the secretion of TI is relatively deficient. Inflammatory response could affect insulin resistance and the secretion function of islet β cell during SHG in critically ill patients.     

消化道肿瘤贫血患者血清铁调素及炎症介质的表达

目的 研究血清铁调素(Hepcidin)和炎症介质细菌脂多糖(LPS)、白细胞介素6(IL-6)、肿瘤坏死因子(TNF)和干扰素(IFN)等细胞因子在消化道肿瘤贫血患者中的表达特点以及与消化道肿瘤贫血之间的关系.方法 应用双抗夹心生物素-亲和素-酶联免疫吸附试验(ABC-ELISA)检测31例消化道肿瘤贫血患者的Hepcidin、LPS、IL-6、TNF-α、TNF-β 、IFN-β、IFN-γ的水平,分析Hepcidin与炎症介质之间的关系,以同期30例健康体检者作为对照.结果 1.实验组Hepcidin、IL-6、TNF-β、IFN-β、LPS分别为53.8±32.4μg/L、20.3±26.1ng/L、117.4±110.7ng/L、9.8±7.2ng/L、81.6±46.1μg/L,均明显高于对照组的23.1 ±5.2μg/L、7.9±9.6ng/L、65±23.0ng/L、6.0±2.3ng/L、49.0± 19.0μg/L (P＜0.05),而IFN-γ及TNF-α与对照组比较差异无统计学意义.2.Hepcidin与IL-6、LPS之间存在正相关关系(r=0.27,p＜0.01、r=0.222,P＜0.05),与TNF-β、IFN-β呈负相关关系(r=-0.348,P＜0.001,r=0.265,P＜0.01),与IFN-γ、TNF-α之间无相关关系.结论 消化道肿瘤贫血患者高表达Hepcidin、IL-6、TNF-β、IFN-β、LPS,Hepcidin与IL-6、LPS均呈正相关关系.     

脓毒症早期血清白细胞介素-18和10在疾病严重程度及预后评估中的价值研究

目的 观察脓毒症早期血清白细胞介素(IL-18、IL-10)的动态变化,评价其在脓毒症病情严重程度及死亡风险评估中的应用价值.方法 采用前瞻性随机对照研究方法.选择2009年12月至2010年8月住重症监护病房(ICU)72 h以上的脓毒症患者38例,同时选取20例非脓毒症患者为对照组;根据28 d生存情况将脓毒症患者分为生存组(12例)和死亡组(26例).记录患者入ICU后24、48、72 h的一般资料及实验室检查结果,并留取静脉血,采用酶联免疫吸附法(ELISA)检测血清IL-18、IL-10浓度.结果 脓毒症组与对照组患者间生命体征、血常规,肝功能、肾功能、凝血功能、血气分析及电解质比较均无差异.脓毒症组入选后24、48、72 h IL-18呈下降趋势,IL-10呈升高趋势,IL-18/IL-10比值呈下降趋势,各时间点均高于对照组.脓毒症患者死亡组IL-18、IL-10水平在24、48、72 h均高于存活组[IL-18(ng/L):108.36±18.54比91.66±21.49,92.13±28.92比54.16±31.76,91.78±17.33比76.04±22.09;IL-10(ng/L):99.42±12.10比77.20±9.47,103.39±17.24比67.88±18.90,118.99±11.20比99.20±12.46,P＜0.05或P＜0.01];死亡组与存活组脓毒症患者24、48、72 h IL-18/IL-10比值均呈下降趋势,但两组间差异无统计学意义(1.09±0.19比1.20±0.32,0.92±0.18比0.98±0.29,0.78±0.15比0.77±0.23,均P＞0.05).结论 脓毒症早期血清IL-18与IL-10浓度升高,且死亡者高于存活者,随病程进展,IL-18呈下降趋势,而IL-10呈上升趋势;血清IL-18和TL-10浓度均可用来评价脓毒症患者的疾病严重程度及预后.

Abstract：

Objective To observe the dynamic changes in levels of serum interleukins (IL-18, IL-10)in the early stage of sepsis, and to appraise their values in the evaluation of severity and prognosis of sepsis.Methods Prospective randomized controlled study was conducted. Thirty-eight patients with sepsis who stayed longer than 72 hours in intensive care unit (ICU) from December 2009 to August 2010 were enrolled as sepsis group. At the same time, 20 patients without sepsis served as control group. The patients were classified as survival (n=12) or death group (n = 26) according to 28-day survival. The clinical laboratory examination data were recorded at 24, 48, 72 hours after admission to the ICU, and venous blood was obtained at the same time. The IL-18, IL-10 levels were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results The vital signs, blood routine, liver function, renal function, coagulation function,arterial blood gas, and electrolyte showed no significant difference between sepsis group and control group 24, 48, 72 hours after admission, the levels of IL-18 were lowered, IL-10 elevated, the IL-18/IL-10 ratio was lowered in the sepsis group, and all of them were higher than control group at each time point. The levels of IL-18, IL-10 in death group of patients with sepsis were all higher than those of survival group at 24, 48, and 72 hours [IL-18 (ng/L): 108. 36± 18. 54 vs. 91. 66±21. 49, 92.13±28. 92 vs. 54.16±31.76,91. 78 ± 17. 33 vs. 76. 04 ±22.09; IL-10 (ng/L): 99. 42 ± 12.10 vs. 77. 20 ±9. 47, 103. 39 ± 17. 24 vs.67.88±18.90, 118. 99 ±11. 20 vs. 99. 20± 12. 46, P＜0. 05 or P＜0. 01]. IL-18/IL-10 ratios were all lowered in both non-survivors and survivors with sepsis at 24, 48, 72 hours, while the differences were not statistically significant (1. 09±0. 19 vs. 1. 20±0. 32, 0. 92±0. 18 vs. 0. 98±0. 29, 0. 78±0.15 vs. 0. 77±0. 23, all P＞0. 05). Conclusion The levels of serum IL-18, IL-10 were all elevated in the early stage of patients with sepsis, and in non-survivors they were higher than those of survivors. With the progress of the illness, IL-18 showed a lowering tendency, while IL-10 showed an elevation. The levels of serum IL-18 and IL-10 may be valuable in evaluating the severity of sepsis and prognosis of patients with sepsis.     

危重病人血清肿瘤坏死因子-α与白细胞介素-6含量变化及其临床意义

目的:探讨危重病人血清肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)与白细胞介素-6(IL-6)的变化及其临床意义.方法:采用双抗体夹心酶联免疫吸附法(ELISA)测定46例危重病人和30例健康人(对照组)的血清TNF-α与IL-6含量.结果:危重病人血清TNF-α与IL-6含量(256.43±52.26ng/L,363.75±71.17ng/L),明显高于对照组(23.37±7.96ng/L,30.26±3.61ng/L,p＜0.001);死亡组TNF-α及IL-6与非死亡组TNF-α及IL-6水平比较有显著差异(P均＜0.01).结论:TNF-α与IL-6参与了危重病人的病理生理过程,监测危重病人血清TNF-α与IL-6水平可作为反映病情严重程度和评估预后的一项参考指标.     

谷氨酰胺对内毒素血症大鼠肠道损伤的保护作用及对血红素加氧酶-1表达的影响

目的 探讨谷氨酰胺(Glu)对内毒素血症大鼠肠道损伤的保护作用以及对血红素加氧酶-1(HO-1)表达的影响.方法 按随机数字表法将32只雄性SD 大鼠分为正常对照组、模型组、Glu组和Glu+锌原卟啉(ZnPP)组,每组8只.腹腔注射内毒素脂多糖(LPS)10 mg/kg制备内毒素血症动物模型.Glu组注射LPS前12 h灌胃Glu 1 g/kg;Glu+ZnPP组注射LPS前12 h灌胃Glu 1 g/kg,注射LPS前1 h静脉注射ZnPP 10 mmol/kg.术后12 h取回肠组织,测定髓过氧化物酶(MPO)活性及肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、白细胞介素-10(IL-10)含量,并进行肠组织学评分;用免疫组化法检测回肠组织HO-1表达.结果 与正常对照组比较,模型组回肠组织学评分、MPO活性及TNF-α、IL-10含量显著升高[组织学评分(分):3.3±0.4比1.1±0.6,MPO活性(U/g):0.40±0.08比0.26±0.07,TNF-α含量(ng/g):25.2±6.9比6.5±2.8,IL-10含量(ng/g):27.6±10.2比5.7±2.9,均P<0.01];HO-1表达较低.与模型组比较,Glu组组织学评分、MPO活性和TNF-α含量明显减低[组织学评分(分):1.6±0.5比3.3±0.4,MPO活性(U/g):0.25±0.05比0.40±0.08,TNF-α含量(ng/g):13.4±3.2比25.2±6.9,均P<0.01],IL-10含量(ng/g)显著升高(47.3±5.5比27.6±10.2,P<0.01),HO-1表达明显增加.Glu+ZnPP组与模型组各指标比较差异无统计学意义.结论 Glu能明显增强内毒素血症大鼠肠组织HO-1表达,明显减轻肠道炎症反应,从而保护肠黏膜.

Abstract：

Objective To investigate the protective effect of glutamine (Glu) pretreatment on intestinal injury induced by endotoxin and expression of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) in rats.Methods Thirty-two male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into four groups (n=8 in each group): normal control group, model group, Glu group and Glu+zinc protoporphyrin (ZnPP) group. In model group, endotoxemia was produced by intraperitoneal injection of lipopolysaccharide (LPS, 10 mg/kg). In Glu group, the rats received intragastraiclly 1 g/kg of Glu 12 hours before LPS intraperitoneal injection. In Glu+ZnPP group, the rats received 1 g/kg of Glu by gavage 12 hours before LPS intraperitoneal injection and ZnPP 10 mmol/kg intravenously via tail vein 1 hour before LPS injection. The distal ileum was harvested in full thickness 12 hours after LPS injection. The myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-10 (IL-10) in the intestine were determined, the pathologic changes were observed and expressed in Chiu grade. The expression of HO-1 was evaluated by immunohistochemistry method. Results Compared with normal control group, the Chiu grade, MPO activity, the content of TNF-α and IL-10 were significantly increased in model group [Chiu grade: 3.3±0.4 vs. 1.1±0.6, MPO activity (U/g): 0.40±0.08 vs. 0.26±0.07, TNF-α (ng/g): 25.2±6.9 vs. 6.5±2.8, IL-10 (ng/g): 27.6±10.2 vs. 5.7±2.9, all P<0.01], and the expression of HO-1 was decreased. Compared with model group, the Chiu grade, MPO activity, the content of TNF-α in Glu group were significantly decreased [Chiu grade: 1.6±0.5 vs. 3.3±0.4, MPO activity (U/g): 0.25±0.05 vs. 0.40±0.08, the content of TNF-α (ng/g): 13.4±3.2 vs. 25.2±6.9, all P<0.01], while the level of IL-10 (ng/g) elevated (47.3±5.5 vs. 27.6±10.2, P<0.01), and the expression of HO-1 was increased. There was no difference in above mentioned indexes between model group and Glu+ZnPP group. Conclusion Glu pretreatment significantly ameliorates the expression of HO-1 of intestinal tissue induced by LPS in rats, and intestinal mucosa is protected with alleviation of inflammatory reaction in intestinal tract.     

烟碱对心肌缺血/再灌注损伤大鼠炎症细胞因子的影响

目的 探讨烟碱对心肌缺血/再灌注(I/R)损伤大鼠炎症细胞因子的影响.方法 50只健康雄性SD大鼠按随机数字表法分为假手术组、I/R组、烟碱高剂量(400μg/kg)组、烟碱低剂量(40μg/kg)组及α-银环蛇毒素(α-BGT,1μg/kg)组5组,每组10只.采用结扎心脏左冠状动脉前降支30 min、再灌注90 min制作大鼠心肌I/R损伤模型;假手术组仅穿线不结扎.制模前30 min各药物组颈静脉注射相应剂量药物干预,假手术组和I/R组给予等量生理盐水.于再灌注末取右颈动脉血,测定肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、白细胞介素-8(IL-8)、IL-10浓度和肌酸激酶同工酶(CK-MB)、心肌肌钙蛋白I(cTnI)活性;然后处死动物,取缺血区心肌组织测定髓过氧化物酶(MPO)活性;采用免疫组化和逆转录-聚合酶链反应检测心肌组织细胞间黏附分子-1(ICAM-1)蛋白及mRNA表达,并观察心肌超微结构.结果 与假手术组比较,I/R组血浆TNF-α、IL-8、IL-10、CK-MB、cTnI、心肌MPO活性及ICAM-1蛋白和mRNA表达均显著升高[TNF-α(ng/L):158.7±32.7比31.5±5.8,IL-8(ng/L):0.71±0.06比0.30±0.04,IL-10(ng/L):69.0±7.8比41.4±4.3,CK-MB(U/L):2 540±169比1 120±102,cTnI(μg/L):26.2±4.6比0.9±0.2,MPO(U/g):4.2±0.6比1.6±0.4,ICAM-1蛋白:0.210±0.025比0.100±0.018,ICAM-1 mRNA:1.82±0.23比1.18±0.20,P＜0.05或P＜0.01],病理学显示心肌组织损伤较重.与I/R组比较,烟碱高剂量组血浆TNF-α、IL-8降低[TNF-α(67.3±9.8)ng/L,IL-8(0.47±0.04)ng/L],IL-10升高[(147.5±12.5)ng/L],CK-MB、cTnI及心肌MPO活性、ICAM-1蛋白和mRNA均降低[CK-MB(1 282±145)U/L,cTnI(4.7±1.4)μg/L,MPO(2.5±0.4)U/g,ICAM-1蛋白0.140±0.026,ICAM-1 mRNA 1.31±0.25,P＜0.05或P＜0.01],心肌组织损伤减轻;而烟碱低剂量组和α-BGT组上述指标与I/R组比较差异无统计学意义.结论 烟碱可阻断内皮细胞表达黏附分子,阻断中性粒细胞黏附、游出,改善抗炎/促炎反应平衡,从而拮抗大鼠心肌I/R损伤时的过度炎症反应.     

氟伐他汀及缬沙坦对糖尿病肾病相关炎症因子的影响

目的 比较氟伐他汀及缬沙坦对2型糖尿病早期肾病相关炎症因子的影响及对糖尿病肾病的保护作用.方法 2型糖尿病早期肾病共90例,其中常规降糖治疗组作为对照组(DN1组),在常规降糖治疗基础上加用缬沙坦作为缬沙坦组(DN2组),在常规降糖治疗基础上加用氟伐他汀作为氟伐他汀组(DN3组).分别测定各组患者治疗前后的血糖、血脂、血肌酐(SCr)、C反应蛋白(CRP)、24 h尿蛋白定量、尿白蛋白排泄率(UAER)及数种炎症因子.结果 (1)干预前3组的血清CRP、转化生长因子-β1(TGF-β1)、白细胞介素-6(IL-6)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、白细胞介素-18(IL-18)浓度差异无统计学意义.DN2组治疗后与治疗前相比,IL-6[(15.99±2.87)ng/L与(17.64±2.91)ng/L,t=-3.091,P<0.01]、TNF-α[(48.72±14.62)ng/L与(52.56±17.02)ng/L,t=-2.131,P<0.05]、TGF-β1[(33.54±10.69)μg/L与(40.11±12.08)μg/L,t=-2.921,P<0.01]、IL-18[(139.65±66.37)ng/L与(158.74±74.20)μg/L,t=-2.053,P<0.05]、CRP[(5.12±3.54)mg/L与(6.08±3.39)mg/L,t=-2.072,P<0.05]均明显降低;DN3组治疗后与治疗前相比,IL-6[(15.39±2.77)ng/L与(16.49±2.81)ng/L,t=-2.071,P<0.05]、TNF-α[(45.89 ±16.22)ng/L与(53.04 ±17.02)ng/L,t=-3.651,P<0.01]、TGF-β1[(31.19±10.48)μg/L与(37.11±11.76)μg/L,t=-2.963,P<0.01]、IL-18[(141.54±66.65)ng/L与(158.01±73.23)ng/L,t=-2.182,P<0.05]、CRP[(4.94±3.61)mg/L与(5.86±3.46)mg/L,t=-2.110,P<0.05]亦均明显降低.DN2、DN3组治疗后的炎症因子含量差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).(2)在DN2、DN3组治疗前后血压均无差异情况下,DN2组治疗后与治疗前比较,UAER[(63.1±31.7)μg/min与(82.9±40.0)μg/min,t=-2.145,P<0.05]、24 h尿蛋白定量[(0.14±0.11)g/24 h与(0.18±0.15)g/24 h,t=-2.438,P<0.05]、尿微量白蛋白/肌酐(ALb/Cr)[(114.7±68.1)mg/g与(162.0 ±83.8)mg/g,t=-2.399,P<0.05]均明显降低,DN3组治疗后与治疗前比较,UAER[(65.5±32.6)μg/min与(83.5±42.1)μg/min,t=-2.131,P<0.05]、24 h尿蛋白定量[(0.15±0.12)g/24 h与(0.18±0.13)g/24h,t=-2.611,P<0.05]、尿ALb/Cr[(119.1±78.2)mg/g与(160.0±82.3)mg/g,t=-2.213,P<0.05]亦均明显降低,但2组治疗后结果 比较差异均无统计学意义(P均>0.05).结论 2型糖尿病肾病患者用缬沙坦、氟伐他汀均能降低尿蛋白,降低相关血清炎症因子含量,提示对肾功能具有保护作用.

Abstract：

Objective To compare the effects of fluvastatin and valsartan on the inflammatory cytokines in the early stage of type 2 diabetic nephropathy and their protective effects on to diabetic nephropathy. Methods Ninety patients with early stage of type 2 diabetic nephropathy were divided into three groups, 30 patients receiving routine hypoglycemic agents (DN1) as control,30 patients receiving routine hypoglycemic agents plus valsartan (DN2) and the other 30 receiving routine hypoglycemic agents plus fluvastatin (DN3). Blood glucose, blood lipid,serum creatinine and C reactive protein(CRP),24-hour urine protein,urinary albumin excretion rate (UAER) and several inflammatory cytokine were measured before and after treatment. Results ( 1 ) No significant difference of the levels of serum CRP,TGF-β1,IL-6,TNF-α, IL-18 at the baseline were observedamong these three groups.In the DN2 group,after treatment,IL.6 was([15.99±2.87]ng/L and[17.64±2. 131 ,P <0. 05) ,TGF-β1 was ( [33.54 ±10. 69] μg/L and [40. 11 ± 12. 08] μg/L,t = -2. 921 ,P <0. 01 ),IL-18 was ( [139.65±66. 37] ng/L and [158.74±74. 20]ng/L,t = -2.053,P <0. 05),CRP was ( [5. 12±3. 54] mg/L and [6. 08 ±3. 39] mg/L, t = - 2. 072, P < 0. 05 ) after and before treatment, respectively. All abovemented indices significantly decreased after treatment. In the DN3 group, IL-6 was ( [15. 39 ±2. 77] ng/L ng/L,t = -3. 651 ,P <0. 01 ) ,TGF-β1 was ( [31.19 ±10. 48] μg/L and [37. 11± 11.76] μg/L,t = -2. 963,P<0.01),IL-18 was ([141.54 ±66.65] ng/L and [158.01±73.23] ng/L,t = -2. 182,P <0.05),CRP respectively. All abovemented indices significantly decreased after treatment No significant difference was observed on inflamaory factors after treatment between the DN2 and DN3 group ( P > 0. 05). (2) In the subgroup that there was no difference in blood pressure between before and after treatment in both the DN2 and DN3 group,in the DN3 group,UAER was ([63. 1 ±31.7] μg/min and[82.9±40.0] μg/min,t = -2. 145,P <0. 05) ,24 h total urokinase protein was ( [0. 14 ±0. 11] g/24 h and [0. 18±O. 15] g/24 h, t = - 2. 438, P <0. 05 ), microalbuminuria/urine creatinine was ( [ALb/Cr] [114. 7±68. 1] mg/g and [162.0±83.8] mg/g,t = - 2. 399, P < 0. 05 ) after and before treatment. All abovemention indices significantly decreased after treatment. In the DN3 group, UAER was ( [65.5 ±32. 6]μg/min and [83.5 ±42. 1]μg/min,t = - 2. 131, P <0. 05 ),24 h total urine protein was ( [0. 14 ±0. 11] g/24 h and [0. 18±0. 15] g/24 h, t = - 2. 438, P < 0. 05 ),0. 05 ) after and before treatment. All abovemention indices significantly decreased after treatment. No significant difference was observed after treatment between the DN2 and ON3 group ( P > 0. 05 ). Conclusion Both valsartan and fluvastatin are able to protect the renal function of patients with type 2 diabetic nephropathy by decreasing the levels of urine proteins and correlated serum inflammatory cytokines.     

2型糖尿病患者血清IL-6和TNF-α水平的检测对预后的意义

目的通过测定2型糖尿病(DM)患者血清白细胞介素-6(IL-6)和肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)水平的变化,探讨其在糖尿病肾病(DN)中的发病学意义,了解其对DM预后的影响.方法采用放射免疫法检测85例2型DM患者血清IL-6和TNF-α水平.并根据24 h尿白蛋白排泄率(UAER)将DM患者分为单纯DM组(SDM,n=40),隐性糖尿病肾病组(IDN,n=28)和显性糖尿病肾病组(ODN,n=17),并与32例正常人对照.结果(1)SDM,IDN,ODN 3组患者及正常对照组血清IL-6水平分别为(99±16),(112±22),(128±24),(90±15)ng/L,TNF-α水平分别为(127±15),(130±16),(148±22),(112±22)ng/L,经方差分析,各组间差异具有非常显著意义(F=19.27,13.35,P均＜0.01),其中SDM,IDN,ODN 3组均明显高于正常对照组(P＜0.05或P＜0.01),ODN组又明显高于SDM组和IDN组(P＜0.01),IDN组血清IL-6水平亦较SDM组升高(P＜0.05).(2)糖尿病病程与患者血清IL-6,TNF-α水平呈明显正相关(r=0.396,P＜0 01和r=0.277,P＜0.05),UAER与患者血清IL-6,TNF-α水平变化亦呈正相关关系(r=0.630,0.426,P均＜0.01);空腹血糖与患者血清IL-6,TNF-α水平间均未见相关关系.结论IL-6和TNF-α可能参与了糖尿病及其肾病的发生与发展.血清IL-6,TNF-α水平检测可以作为临床观察DN病情及判断DM预后的参考指标.     

TNF-αI、L-6与高血压肾损害的相关性及其受贝那普利的影响

目的探讨肿瘤坏死因子α（TNF-α）、白介素6（IL-6）与高血压肾损害的关系及其受贝那普利的影响。方法 102例高血压病患者依尿蛋白排泄率（UAER）分为单纯高血压组（n=37）和高血压肾损害组（n=65）,再将高血压肾损害者随机分为贝那普利组（n=31）和对照组（n=34）。贝那普利组在其他降压药物的基础上使用贝那普利（10 mg/d）,对照组使用除血管紧张素转换酶抑制剂（ACEI）和血管紧张素Ⅱ受体阻滞剂（ARB）以外的降压药物。治疗时间3个月。治疗前后分别测定血清TNF-α、IL-6及UAER。同期选择30例体检健康者作为正常血压组。结果高血压各组血清TNF-α、IL-6水平均高于正常血压组（P〈0.05）,且高血压肾损害组TNF-α、IL-6水平高于单纯高血压组（P〈0.05）。高血压组TNF-α、IL-6水平与UAER成正相关（（r=0.79,P〈0.01;r=0.75,P〈0.01）。对照组治疗后TNF-α显著减低（P〈0.05）,UAER、IL-6较前降低,但差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）,而贝那普利组治疗后UAER、TNF-α、IL-6皆显著降低（P〈0.05）。治疗后贝那普利组的UAER、TNF-α、IL-6的降低幅度较对照组显著（P〈0.05）,而两组的降压幅度无差异（P〉0.05）。结论高血压肾损害患者血清TNF-α、IL-6水平明显升高,TNF-α、IL-6可能参与了高血压肾损害的发生和发展;贝那普利显著降低高血压肾损害患者的TNF-α、IL-6及UAER,其作用独立于其降压作用之外。     

2型糖尿病肾病患者血中炎性因子与尿微量白蛋白的关系

目的探讨血清炎性因子超敏C反应蛋白（hs—CRP）、肿瘤坏死因子α（TNF-α）、白细胞介素-6（IL-6）对早期糖尿病肾病的影响。方法将2010年1月至2011年9月收治的60例糖尿病患者据尿白蛋白排泄率（UAER）分为正常白蛋白尿组20例（UAER〈20μg／min）、微量白蛋白尿组20例（20—200μg／min）、大量白蛋白尿组20例（UAER〉200μg／min）。另选同期健康体检者20名作为正常对照组。检测各组血清hs—CRP、TNF-α、IL-6浓度并进行比较。结果正常对照组血清hs—CRP浓度为（1．21±O．87）mg／L,TNF-α为（1．27±0．93）ng／L,IL-6为（4．31±1．72）ng／L;正常白蛋白尿组患者的血清hs—CRP浓度为（2．31±1．07）mg／L,TNF-α为（1．95±1．34）ng／L,IL-6为（5．79±1．68）ng／L;微量白蛋白尿组患者的血清hs—CRP浓度为（3．47±1．25）mg／L,TNF-α为（2．86±1．26）ng／L,IL-6为（7．13±1．57）ng／L;大量蛋白尿组患者的血清hs-CRP浓度为（4．83±1．47）mg／L,TNF-α为（4．03±1．43）ng／L,IL-6为（9．14±2．43）ng／L;与正常对照组比较,正常白蛋白尿组和微量白蛋白尿组的hs-CRP、TNF-α、IL-6增高,差异均有统计学意义（P均〈0．01）;与正常白蛋白尿组比较,微量白蛋白尿组的hs-CRP、TNF-α、IL-6增高,差异均有统计学意义（P均〈0．05）;大量蛋白尿组的hs-CRP、TNF-α、IL-6浓度明显高于微量白蛋白尿组（P均〈0．01）。糖尿病肾病患者hs—CRP、TNF-α、IL-6浓度与尿微量白蛋白相关分析结果显示,随着血清hs-CRP、TNF-α、IL-6浓度的升高,尿微量白蛋白水平也随之增高（L值分别为0．67、0．64、0．75,P均〈0．01）。结论hs—CRP、TNF-α、IL-6炎性因子可能参与了糖尿病肾病的发生发展过程。     

羧胺三唑对TNF-α诱导的佐剂性关节炎大鼠成纤维样滑膜细胞中细胞因子分泌和NF-κB活化的影响

目的 探讨羧胺三唑对TNF-α诱导的佐剂性关节炎大鼠成纤维样滑膜细胞分泌促炎细胞因子的影响及部分机制.方法 用弗氏完全佐剂诱导大鼠佐剂性关节炎模型,分离培养的佐剂性关节炎成纤维样滑膜细胞用20 ng/ml TNF-α刺激并用不同浓度羧胺三唑（10、20、40 μmol/L）处理.ELISA法检测成纤维样滑膜细胞上清中IL-1β和IL-6含量,Western blot法检测NF-KB p65的蛋白表达.结果 经20 ng/mlTNF-α刺激后,成纤维样滑膜细胞分泌IL-1β和IL-6水平,以及细胞核中NF-KB p65的表达显著增加（P＜0.01）.羧胺三唑（20、40 μmol/L）能够显著抑制TNF-α诱导的IL-1β[（417.39 ＋29.80） pg/mlvs.（264.63±9.35） pg/ml,（186.13±25.71）pg/ml,P ＜0.01]和IL-6[（383.45±32.13） pg/ml vs.（248.39±30.51） pg/ml,（189.64±27.86） pg/ml,P＜0.01]分泌,且明显减少细胞核中NF-κB p65的表达（P＜0.01）.结论 羧胺三唑可能通过抑制NF-KB活化来减少TNF-α诱导的佐剂性关节炎成纤维样滑膜细胞中促炎细胞因子IL-1β、IL-6的产生.     

缬沙坦联合辛伐他汀对早期糖尿病肾病大鼠肾脏的保护作用

目的 探讨降脂药辛伐他汀及血管紧张素Ⅱ受体拮抗剂类药物缬沙坦对早期糖尿病肾病大鼠肾脏的保护作用.方法 用链脲佐菌素(STZ)诱导糖尿病肾病大鼠模型,将SD大鼠随机分成5组,每组10只:正常对照组(C组)、糖尿病肾病组(D组)、缬沙坦组(X组)、辛伐他汀组(Z组)和缬沙坦及辛伐他汀联合组(L组).5周末检测5组大鼠血糖(BG)、糖化血红蛋白(HbA1c)、总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)、血尿素氮(BUN)、肌酐(SCr)、肌酐清除率(Ccr)、尿白蛋白排泄率(UAER)等指标的变化;利用透射电子显微镜观察肾脏足细胞超微病理结构.结果 D组与C组比较,BG[分别为(20.3±3.2)、(6.1±0.4)mmol/L]、HbA1c[分别为(7.18±0.47)%、(3.37±0.15)%]、TC[分别为(2.69±0.35)、(1.28±0.24)mmol/L]、TG[分别为(3.09±0.37)、(1.18±0.25)mmol/L]明显升高(P均＜0.05);D组Ccr[(0.89±0.19)ml/min]较C组[(1.27±0.33)ml/min]和X、Z、L组显著下降(P＜0.05),D组大鼠UAER[(19.87±3.85)μg/24 h]明显高于C组[(3.67±1.01)μg/24 h](P＜0.05),X、Z、L组大鼠UAER显著低于D组(P＜0.05),而L组改善尤其显著(P＜0.05);D组的足细胞足突严重融合,X、Z、L组仅少量足突融合较D组改善,而L组改善尤其显著.结论 缬沙坦及辛伐他汀单用及联合应用,尤其是联合用药对早期糖尿病大鼠肾脏有保护作用.

Abstract：

Objective To explore the protection of valsartan combined with simvastatin on kidney in early diabetic nephropathy rats. Methods Diabetic nephropathy rats model were induced by streptozocin (STZ) ,the experimental rats were randomly divided into 5 groups: control (group C), diabetic nephropathy (group D) ,diabetes treated with valsartan (group X) ,diabetes treated with simvastatin (group Z) ,and diabetes treated with combined valsartan and simvastatin ( group L). Blood glucose (BG), HbA1c, blood cholesterol ( TC), trigalloylglycerol ( TG ), blood ureanitrogen ( BUN ), serum creatinine (SCr) , urinary albumin excretion rate (UAER) were measured, and the podocyte ultrastructure was observed by transmission electronic microscopy. Results The levels of BG, HbA1c,TC,TG and UAER in group D increased significantly compared togroup C(BG:[20.3 ±3.2]mmol/L vs [6.1 -±0. 4]mmol/L;HbA1c:[7.18 ±0.47]% vs [3.37 ±0. 15]% ;TC: [2. 69 ±0. 35] mmol/L vs [1.28 ±0. 24] mmol/L;TG: [3.09 ±0. 37] mmol/L vs [1.18 ±0. 25]mmol/L) (P ＜ 0. 05 ). Creatinine clearance rates (Ccr) in group D ( [0. 89 ± 0. 19] ml/min ) decreased significantly compared to group C( [1.27 ±0. 33] ml/min) ,as well as group X,Z and L( Ps ＜ 0. 05 ). UAER in group D was significantly higher than that in group C ( [19. 87 ±3. 85] μg/24 h vs [3. 67 ± 1.01] μg/24 h) (P ＜ 0. 05 ), as well as group X, Z and L ( P ＜ 0. 05 ), and the improvement in group L was particularly significant ( P ＜ 0. 05 ). The projections of podocyte in group D severely syncretized, there were slightly improvement in group X, Z and L compared to group D, and the improvement in group L was remarkable. Conclusion The treatment with valsartan, simvastatin and their combination will effectively protect the kidney in early diabetic nephropathy rats,and the effect of using the combination therapy is much better.