后路减压椎弓根螺钉内固定椎体间自体骨植骨术治疗腰椎滑脱症疗效观察

目的探讨后路减压椎弓根螺钉内固定自体骨植骨术治疗腰椎滑脱症的临床效果。方法45名椎弓崩裂腰椎滑脱症病人行后路减压椎弓根螺钉内固定自体骨椎间植骨融合术,病人全部为峡部断裂型,腰4滑脱20例,腰5滑脱25例,术后卧床两个月,戴支具下床活动6个月。结果随访12～48个月,平均16个月,椎体间融合率为99.6%,无断钉,复位无丢失,JOA评术后改善率为92.5%,椎间高度平均由术前3.5mm恢复至9.3mm。结论后路减压经椎弓根螺钉内固定椎体间自体骨植骨融合是治疗腰椎滑脱症的理想方法,复位内固定是基础,椎管彻底减压松解神经根粘连是关键,椎间隙植骨融合是手术效果的根本保证。     

后路椎弓根钉内固定术治疗腰椎滑脱症32例

目的总结经后路椎弓根钉内固定,椎管减压复位联合椎间自体骨植骨融合器椎体间融合并横突间自体骨植骨融合治疗腰椎滑脱症的临床疗效。方法 32例腰椎滑脱症采用后路椎弓根钉将滑脱椎体提拉复位,椎管减压,椎间自体骨植骨融合器椎体间融合,横突间自体骨植骨的手术治疗方法评定,术中常规C型臂X线机监控下置钉和植入椎间融合器。结果术后随访6～36个月,平均24个月。其中优21例,良8例,可3例,优良率90.6%。结论后路椎弓根钉内固定,椎管减压复位,椎间融合并自体骨横突间植骨治疗腰椎滑脱症,具有创伤小,操作相对简单,复位融合率高,临床症状改善明显,是治疗腰椎滑脱症的有效方法。     

椎弓根螺钉内固定联合椎间植骨治疗腰椎滑脱的临床观察

目的探讨后路椎弓根螺钉内固定联合自体髂骨椎间融合治疗成人腰椎滑脱症的临床疗效。方法自2003年1月～2009年6月收治66例伴有明显双下肢神经症状的成人腰椎滑脱患者,根据椎体融合方法的不同分成治疗组36例（椎间植骨）和对照组30例（后外侧植骨）,均行后路减压椎弓根螺钉内固定。通过随访观察两组术后临床疗效并进行统计学分析。结果全部病例得到随访,随访6-36个月,平均18个月。两组椎体融合率及临床疗效相比差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。结论通过后路充分减压联合椎弓根螺钉内固定及椎间髂骨植骨治疗成人腰椎滑脱症可以取得良好的临床效果。     

椎弓根螺钉复位内固定、后路椎间植骨融合治疗腰椎滑脱症

目的探讨椎弓根螺钉复位内固定、后路椎间植骨融合治疗腰椎滑脱症的疗效。方法对37例腰椎滑脱症患者采用椎弓根螺钉复位内固定、后路椎间植骨融合术。通过随访进行疗效评定。结果 37例随访6-30个月,平均14个月。术后所有患者植骨处均骨性愈合,复位无丢失,无内固定松动、断裂。临床疗效综合评价：优22例,良10例,可4例,差1例,优良率89.2%。结论椎弓根螺钉复位内固定、后路椎间植骨融合治疗腰椎滑脱症,可以取得良好复位、坚强内固定、彻底减压,植骨融合率高,是一种治疗腰椎滑脱症较为理想的术式。     

后路椎弓根系统复位加减压融合治疗腰椎滑脱症28例

目的 :评价采用后路椎管减压、椎间及椎体融合和椎弓根螺钉复位内固定治疗腰椎滑脱症的疗效。方法 :对 2 8例腰椎滑脱症患者 ,采用全椎板减压或椎板切开后移悬吊减压 ,RF- II或 MIMAMI脊柱内固定系统复位固定 ,椎间植骨融合或椎体间融合器治疗。结果 :术后随访 6～ 68个月 ,平均 2 4个月 ,所有患者均获得了椎体间骨性融合 ,临床疗效优良率 92 .8% ,有效率 1 0 0 % ,骨融合率 1 0 0 %。结论 :腰椎滑脱症治疗中彻底减压、植骨融合、坚强内固定是治疗成功的关键     

后路椎体间植骨及椎弓根内固定治疗腰椎滑脱症

目的探讨应用后路椎体间植骨,及同时椎弓根内固定技术治疗腰椎滑脱症.方法采用后开窗椎管减压,椎体自体骨植骨融合,同时椎弓根内固定技术治疗腰椎滑脱症126例.Ⅰ度滑脱48例,Ⅱ度滑脱78例,术后腰围固定3个月.结果随访16～48个月,平均22.8个月,椎体间融合率为97.5%,JOA评术后改善率为92.5%,椎间高度平均由术前4mm恢复至11.2mm.结论应用后路椎体间植骨融合及椎弓根内固定技术是治疗腰椎滑脱症的理想方法,可以和维持椎间高度,提高融合率及临床疗效.     

后路腰椎椎体间旋转复位加椎弓根螺钉固定治疗腰椎滑脱症63例

目的探讨后路腰椎椎体间旋转复位,椎体间自体髂骨植骨融合术加椎弓根治疗腰椎滑脱症疗效。方法回顾性分析收治的采用后路腰椎椎体间旋转复位、椎体间自体髂骨植骨融合椎弓根螺钉内固定术治疗腰椎滑脱症患者63例临床资料,对滑脱椎体复位率,临床效果及并发症进行统计。结果手术时间220-320min,平均260min;出血量270-1200ml,平均550ml;术中硬脊膜撕裂2例,神经损伤1例,手术前后滑脱角、腰椎生理前凸角和椎间隙高度有统计学意义（P〈0.01）。失随访5例,对随访58例患者评价,手术前后ODI和VAS评分有显著性提高。根据Bridwell标准,53例获I级骨性愈合,5例为II级,骨愈合时间为4-8个月,平均6.2个月;无内固定物松动、脱出或断裂。术后与随访时比较滑脱角、腰椎生理前凸角和椎间隙高度指数无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。结论采用后路腰椎椎体间铰刀旋转复位、自体髂骨椎间植骨融合加椎弓根螺钉固定治疗腰椎滑脱症能有效矫正腰椎生理曲度,骨性融合率高。     

通用型脊柱内固定系统治疗腰椎滑脱症

目的探讨应用通用型脊柱内固定系统（GSS系统）治疗腰椎滑脱症的疗效。方法对32例腰椎滑脱症患者行后路椎管开窗减压,应用GSS系统对滑脱椎体进行复位固定,椎体间植骨融合。结果32例随访6～36个月,临床优良率90%,6～18个月复查X线片均见椎体间骨性融合,复位无丢失,内固定未见松动、断裂。结论GSS系统复位内固定结合椎体间植骨融合治疗腰椎滑脱症,复位效果好、植骨融合率高,固定可靠。     

后路减压RF-Ⅱ复位内固定椎间植骨融合术治疗腰椎滑脱症

目的探讨后路减压RF-Ⅱ复位内固定椎间植骨融合术治疗腰椎滑脱症的临床效果。方法对应用后路减压RF-Ⅱ复位内固定并椎间植骨融合术治疗的37例腰椎滑脱症患者的临床资料,进行回顾性分析。结果37例中滑脱椎体完全复位34例,部分复位3例,滑脱完全复位率为91.89%。按临床疗效综合评价标准:优31例,良4例,可2例,优良率94.59%;所有患者随访12～48个月,平均21.6±0.7个月,36例椎间植骨融合良好,1例未融合,融合率97.30%。结论后路减压RF-Ⅱ复位内固定椎间植骨融合术治疗腰椎滑脱症复位良好,固定牢固,疗效确切,尤其适用于轻、中度腰椎滑脱症。     

后路减压RF-Ⅱ复位内固定椎间植骨融合术治疗腰椎滑脱症47例

目的:探讨后路减压脊柱复位固定系统(Reduction Fixation Spinal System Ⅱ,RF-Ⅱ)复位内固定椎问植骨融合术治疗腰椎滑脱症的临床疗效.方法:对应用后路减压RF-Ⅱ复位内崮定并椎间植骨融合术治疗的47例腰椎滑脱疗患者的临床资料,进行回顾性分析.结果:47例中滑脱椎体完全复位41例,部分复位6例,滑脱完全复位率为87.23%.按临床疗效综合评价标准:优39例,良5例,可3例,优良率93.61%;所有患者随访12～48个月,平均(21 62±0.78)个月,45例椎间植骨融合良好,2例未融合,融合率95.74%.结论:后路减压RF-Ⅱ复位内固定椎间植骨融合术治疗腰椎滑脱疗复位良好,固定牢固.疗效确切,尤其适用于轻、中度腰椎滑脱症.     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.