三七总皂苷对环磷酰胺的增效减毒作用

目的 观察三七总皂苷(panax notoginseng saponins, PNS)对环磷酰胺(CTX)的增效减毒作用.方法 建立小鼠S180实体瘤模型,随机分为5组:模型对照组、环磷酰胺组、三七总皂苷低、中、高剂量治疗组;模型对照组每天给予生理盐水灌胃,CTX组每天予CTX腹腔注射,低、中、高剂量治疗组腹腔注射CTX的同时,分别给予PNS 120、240、480mg/(kg·d)灌胃,连续10d.末次给药后24h脱臼处死荷瘤小鼠,取瘤、脾脏、胸腺并分别称质量.结果 PNS与CTX伍用可发挥协同作用,可抑制肿瘤增长(P<0.05,P<0.01);提高免疫器官指数,尤其是CTX 20mg/(kg·d) PNS480mg/(kg·d)治疗组荷瘤小鼠的胸腺指数、脾指数与CTX组比较有显著性差异(P<0.01);PNS与CTX伍用亦能促进T淋巴细胞转化(P<0.01),且能提高S180荷瘤小鼠血清IL-2、TNF-α的含量.结论 PNS与CTX合用可提高机体的免疫力,增强CTX的抑瘤作用,同时减轻其毒性反应.     

异十三基二胺体内外抗肿瘤作用

目的 观察异十三基二胺（D-79）的体内外抗肿瘤作用.方法 应用锥虫蓝排染法、MTT法检测D-79对多种体外培养肿瘤细胞的细胞毒作用;Bliss法观察D-79急性毒性实验;在可耐受剂量下观察D-79对小鼠移植性实体瘤U14、腹水瘤EAC、HAC的抑制率.结果 D-79显著杀伤多种体外肿瘤细胞,药物作用48 h,IC501.24～3.36 μg/mL;D-79的LD50为36.49 mg/kg（静脉注射）.D-79抑制小鼠移植性实体瘤U14体内生长、提高移植性腹水瘤EAC、HAC小鼠生存时间的作用呈剂量依赖性.结论 D-79有较强的体内外抗肿瘤作用.     

长白山苦杏仁提取物对小鼠移植性肿瘤的影响

用3种瘤株如肝癌腹水型、肉瘤_(180)(S_(180))、艾氏腹水癌(EAC)研究了长白山苦杏仁提取物的抗肿瘤作用。给荷瘤小鼠连续腹腔注射此药600、300mg/kg,灌胃200,100mg/kg10天时,肝癌实体瘤和S_(180)被抑制,其抑癌率为61.7～77.1％。将此药经胃管给小鼠500mg/kg时部分动物死亡,而腹腔注射5g/k巴时,小鼠无死亡。     

七叶一枝花对H_(22)荷瘤小鼠实体瘤生长及生存时间的影响

目的观察七叶一枝花对H_(22)荷瘤小鼠实体瘤生长及生存时间的影响。方法于小鼠右前肢腋窝皮下(腹腔)接种0.2 m L瘤细胞液建立H_(22)荷瘤小鼠实体瘤模型,造模后按体质量将小鼠随机分为模型组(灌胃蒸馏水20 m L/kg,每日1次),阳性组(腹腔注射环磷酰胺40 mg/kg,隔日给药1次),七叶一枝花高(2.4 g/kg)、中(1.2 g/kg)、低(0.6 g/kg)剂量组(每日灌胃给药1次),每组30只。接种H_(22)瘤细胞后次日开始给药,连续给药14 d。末次给药后24 h,称取小鼠体质量后将其处死,剖取瘤块称重,计算抑瘤率。于小鼠腹腔接种0.2 m L瘤细胞液建立H_(22)荷瘤小鼠腹水瘤模型,分组及给药同上,给药结束后继续观察,并记录各组小鼠生存时间,计算生命延长率。结果与模型组比较,阳性组及七叶一枝花高、中、低剂量组瘤重均显著降低,差异均有高度统计意义(P0.01);七叶一枝花高剂量组瘤重明显低于中、低剂量组,差异均有统计意义(P0.05或P0.01)。与模型组比较,阳性组及七叶一枝花高、中、低剂量组生存时间均显著延长,差异均有高度统计意义(P0.01);七叶一枝花高剂量组小鼠的生存时间明显长于低剂量组(P0.05)。结论七叶一枝花可明显抑制H_(22)荷瘤小鼠实体瘤的生长,并延长H_(22)荷瘤小鼠的生存时间。     

蛇床子水提取液抑瘤作用的实验研究

目的 :研究蛇床子水提取液的体内抗肿瘤作用。方法 :通过 S180 肉瘤移植建立荷瘤小鼠模型 ,给予不同剂量蛇床子水提取液后观察 S180 荷瘤小鼠肿瘤生长曲线、血清唾液酸 (SA)、瘤重及小鼠生存天数的变化。结果 :蛇床子水提取液能明显抑制肿瘤生长 ,降低荷瘤小鼠血清 SA水平 ,0 .0 6mg/(g· d) ,0 .1 1 mg/(g· d)、0 .2 1 mg/(g· d)剂量组平均瘤重低于肿瘤对照组 (P<0 .0 5 ) ,抑瘤率依次为 2 3 .2 %、2 9.1 %和 2 4 .8%,且能延长荷瘤小鼠生存天数 (P<0 .0 1 ) ,动物生命延长率依次为 :2 6 .9%、3 4 .8%和 2 6 .6 %。结论 :蛇床子水提取液具有较强的抗肿瘤效应 ,有很好的利用前景 ,值得对其进行深入研究。     

马钱子碱及其脂质体对移植性荷瘤小鼠抗肿瘤作用的对比研究

目的评价和比较马钱子碱及其脂质体对移植性肿瘤模型荷瘤小鼠的肿瘤抑制作用和生存时间的影响。方法用ICR小鼠接种S180、EAC腹水瘤、肝癌Heps瘤株造成相应的移植性荷瘤小鼠模型,考察马钱子碱及其脂质体对实体瘤模型(S180和Heps)小鼠的抑瘤率和对腹水瘤模型(EAC和Heps)小鼠生命延长率的作用以研究两者的抗肿瘤活性。结果马钱子碱及其脂质体能有效抑制实体瘤模型荷瘤小鼠体内肿瘤生长,1.61、3.23、6.46mg/(kg·d)马钱子碱对Heps小鼠的抑瘤率分别为35.05%、43.70%和46.09%,而1.61、3.23mg/(kg·d)马钱子碱脂质体的抑瘤率分别为45.41%和58.19%;1.61、3.23、6.46mg/(kg·d)马钱子碱对S180小鼠的抑瘤率分别为37.59%、36.13%和38.87%,而1.61和3.23mg/(kg·d)马钱子碱脂质体的抑瘤率分别为53.00%和48.37%,明显高于马钱子碱;但两者对腹水瘤模型(EAC和Heps)荷瘤小鼠的生存时间均无延长作用。结论马钱子碱及其脂质体有显著的抑制荷瘤小鼠肿瘤生长作用,马钱子碱脂质体抗肿瘤作用明显强于马钱子碱。     

舟山眼镜蛇毒细胞毒素-F的体内抗肿瘤作用

目的　观察舟山眼镜蛇毒细胞毒素 - F(CTX- F)对小鼠肉瘤 180 (S180 )、宫颈癌 U14、艾氏腹水癌(EAC)和 P388白血病的体内抗肿瘤活性。　方法　 CTX- F不同剂量腹腔注射 (ip)对 EAC和 P388白血病荷瘤小鼠存活时间、生命延长率的影响 ;CTX- F不同剂量静脉注射对 U 14和 S180荷瘤小鼠瘤块重量的影响 ,并计算抑瘤率。　结果　 CTX- F 0 .6和 0 .8m g/ kg实验第 1、3和 5天给药 (ip) ,使艾氏腹水癌荷瘤小鼠存活时间由 10 .0± 2 .0d分别提高到 2 2 .2± 6 .3和 31.3± 9.2 d,生命延长率分别为 12 5 .5 %和 2 13.2 % ;P388小鼠存活时间从 10 .8± 1.9d分别延长到 15 .9± 1.9和 17.6± 2 .3d,生命延长率分别为 4 7.0 3%和 6 3.2 4 %。CTX- F 0 .8和 1.0 m g/ kg静脉注射 ,连续给药 7d,对宫颈癌 U 14抑瘤率分别为 2 6 .6 4 %和 38.87% ;对肉瘤 S180的抑瘤率分别为 31.8%和39.7%。　结论　舟山眼镜蛇毒 CXT- F对小鼠移植性肿瘤荷瘤小鼠具有实验性治疗作用     

青蒿醇提物对H22肝癌小鼠的抑瘤作用研究

目的:观察青蒿醇提物对H22肝癌小鼠的体内押瘤作用.方法:取H22肝癌细胞接种于小鼠右腋皮下,随机分为模型对照组、5-氟尿嘧啶组(5-FU)及青蒿醇提物125 mg/(kg·d)组、500 mg/(kg·d)组,5-FU组肌肉注射给药,其余各组灌胃给药.连续给药8 d后,剖瘤称取质量,计算抑瘤率;利用高效液相色谱仪测定...     

“将军斑马胶囊”醇提物对动物移植癌的作用

“将军斑马胶囊”醇提物对6种移植瘤H_(22)、HAC、ARS、EAC、S_(37)、S_(180)小鼠以腹腔或皮下注射低高2种剂量给药,得抑制率均值为41—74％。虽然高剂量的抑制率多数高于灌胃组。然相差不甚显著,但剂量远高于灌胃组,约为小鼠腹腔注射LD50(4.342g/kg生药量)的1/3,而灌胃组的高剂量仅为小鼠灌胃LD50的1/25。故口服给药似比注射给药为佳。     

蜂毒素的体内外抗肿瘤研究

目的 研究蜂毒素(melittin)在体内、外对H22细胞的增殖抑制作用,初步探讨其机制.方法 通过四甲基偶氮唑盐比色法(MTT法)检测melittin对H22细胞的增殖抑制情况;腹腔注射浓度为1、2、4 mg/(kg·d)的melittin,给药10 d,观察melittin对荷瘤小鼠的肿瘤抑制以及机体免疫变化情况.结果 melittin在体外对H22细胞有明显的抑制作用;体内实验表明浓度为2、4 mg/(kg·d)的melittin能够增强机体免疫力,对荷瘤小鼠肿瘤有着较强的抑制作用,且效果随剂量的增大而增强.结论 melittin在体外、体内均对H22细胞有着较强的抑制作用,可能通过增强机体免疫而产生作用.     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.