广西田东县农村壮族居民高血压抽样调查

目的了解广西田东县农村壮族居民高血压患病情况及其相关影响因素。方法采用整群随机抽样法对21 985名≥18岁农村壮族居民进行血压、年龄、性别、婚姻、吸烟、饮酒、血压知晓及治疗情况调查,并进行统计学分析。结果田东县农村壮族居民高血压标化患病率为13.70%,男性15.37%,女性11.90%,男性居民高血压患病率高于女性（P〈0.01）。农村壮族居民高血压标化患病率明显低于2002年全国调查的18.8%,高血压的知晓率、治疗率及控制率均低于全国水平。结论 广西田东县农村壮族居民高血压的患病率低于年全国水平,患病率与年龄、吸烟、饮酒因素呈正相关。     

克拉玛依地区人群高血压特点观察

目的研究克拉玛依地区人群高血压发病特点。方法在克拉玛依市四个区对年龄≥25岁自然人群按整群随机抽样进行调查。结果高血压标化患病率男性为35．68％，女性为27．21％，总标化患病率31．43％。在小于50岁时男性收缩压和舒张压均大于女性，50～55岁以后女性收缩压超过男性收缩压，舒张压在50～55岁达到最高值，1和2级高血压占绝大多数，与非高血压者相比往往伴随心血管病其他危险因素，并且高血压中-高和极高危组占78．45％，低危组仅占21．55％，脉压差大于50mmHg显著增加心血管病危险性。结论本地区高血压患者发生心脑血管事件危险性很高，应积极综合干预，提高高血压的控制率，最大限度减少心脑血管疾病。     

吴忠市城乡高血压流行病学抽样普查报告

对宁夏回族自治区吴忠市城乡高血压流行病学抽样普查24,260人的结果提示:该市高血压确诊标化患病率为5.43％(临界标化患病率为5.03％)。高血压患病率随年龄的增长而升高,在45～岁年龄组以后,其女性上升较男性上升更为明显。确诊高血压标化患病率女性6.68%非常显著地高于男性的3.67％(U值=11.38,P<0.01),回族5.77％显著地高于汉族的5.11％(U值=2.44,P<0.05);农村5.77％非常显著地高于城市的4.70％(U值=3.96,P<0.01)。城区受检对象的7种职业中之确诊患病率以学生(>15岁)和服务行业者为低(分别为0.24％和1.16％),教师和司机较高(2.93％和3.09％),干部(5.20％)最高。高血压的发病与紧张的脑力劳动、肥胖、性格急躁及高血压家族史有密切的关联,未发现饮食口味咸淡和烟、酒、茶嗜好对高血压患病有何明显的关联。     

延安市在岗人群血压值的流行病学调查分析

目的了解2010年延安市在岗人群血压值的变化规律和高血压患病现状,为制定高血压防治策略提供科学依据。方法采用分层整群抽样,主要调查身高、体重、血压等项目。结果延安市在岗人群高血压粗患病率17.96%。其中男性标化率25.56%高于女性标化率9.29%（χ2=165.64,P〈0.001）。50岁以前血压平均水平和高血压患病率都是男性高于女性（P〈0.01）,50岁以后高血压患病率明显提高（男性为36.81%,女性为38.26%）,男女差异无统计学意义（2χ=0.06,P〉0.05）,高血压患病率随年龄增长呈增高趋势（2χ趋势=1296.24,P〈0.001）;高校教师高血压患病率最高（35.62%）,医生最低（7.91%）;超重肥胖者高血压患病率31.91%显著高于体质指数正常者10.51%（χ2=175.19,P〈0.001）。结论延安市在岗人群血压值平均水平男性高于女性。高血压的粗患病率接近全国15岁以上水平,随年龄增长呈增加趋势。高血压易发生于40岁以上男性;50岁以上女性;高级知识分子;超重肥胖者。     

广州市某农村居民高血压患病率及其与体重指数的关系

目的 了解农村居民高血压患病情况及其与体重指数(BMI)的关系.方法 对广州市某农村602名≥15岁村民进行问卷调查及身高、体重和血压的测量.资料采用SPSS 11.5软件进行统计分析.结果 调查人群高血压的总患病率为18.91%,其中男性为20.10%,女性为18.39%,男性与女性高血压患病率均随着年龄的增加而增加.BMI与收缩压(SBP)和舒张压(DBP)存在显著正相关.肥胖患病率男性高于女性,但是女性血压与BMI的相关性高于男性,特别是在肥胖组(BMI≥25).在低体重组(BMI<18.5),血压与BMI无显著相关性.结论 广州农村≥15岁人群高血压患病率较高,且肥胖与高血压患病正相关,BMI控制在正常范围对控制高血压有重要意义.     

浙江省玉环县农村社区成人高血压患病率与知晓率现况

 【摘要】目的 了解玉环农村社区≥35周岁居民的高血压患病率及知晓情况。方法 采用流行病学现况研究设计,面对面调查所有农村社区中35周岁及以上的社区户籍居民。采用SPSS16.0进行数据分析。按照2000年全国人口进行年龄标化。结果 在125 479名调查对象中,平均收缩压为(130.7±19.4) mmHg,舒张压为(76.0±10.4) mmHg,其中收缩压平均水平男性略高于女性,差异有统计学意义(t=14.51,P<0.001),舒张压平均水平亦如此(t=51.44,P<0.001)。高血压患病率为29.1%,标化患病率为25.9%,略有降低。不同性别人群的高血压患病情况略有不同：在50岁之前,男性高血压患病率高于女性,在50岁之后女性开始高于男性,性别差异有统计学意义(χ2＝9.48,P=0.002)。从年龄分布看,35岁组患病率最低,在65岁之后超过一半的居民患高血压,不同年龄组之间的分布均有统计学差异。本次调查也发现,该人群高血压知晓率为85.4%。年龄、性别、文化程度、民族和职业与农村高血压居民知晓率有关。结论 浙江省玉环县农村社区35周岁及以上成人居民高血压患病率和知晓率均较高。     

新钢汉族知识分子糖尿病患病率及危险因素分布研究

了解本地区人群糖尿病患病及危险因素水平。方法：采用整群调查方法，调查新钢汉族中高级知识分子26～84岁自然人群共2345例。结果：糖尿病(DM)标化患病率为2．97％，其中男性为1，76％，显著高于女性0，93％；糖耐量低减(IGT)标化患病率为7、73％，其中男性为5．02％，显著高于女性2．72％，且糖尿病患病率随年龄增长而增加，男性患病率上升较女性快。无论男女糖尿病组、糖耐量低减、正常组体重指数(BMl)，高血压，总胆固醇(TC)，甘油三脂(TG)，低高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)，构成均存在显著性差异。结论：糖尿病、糖耐量低减与BMI、高血压、TC、TG、HI)H密切相关。在糖耐量低减阶段应采取措施具有重要的公共卫生学意义和临床意义。     

克拉玛依地区人群高血压特点观察

目的研究克拉玛依地区人群高血压发病特点。方法在克拉玛依市四个区对年龄≥25岁自然人群按整群随机抽样进行调查。结果高血压标化患病率男性为35.68%,女性为27.21%,总标化患病率31.43%。在小于50岁时男性收缩压和舒张压均大于女性,50～55岁以后女性收缩压超过男性收缩压,舒张压在50～55岁达到最高值,1和2级高血压占绝大多数,与非高血压者相比往往伴随心血管病其他危险因素,并且高血压中-高和极高危组占78.45%,低危组仅占21.55%,脉压差大于50mmHg显著增加心血管病危险性。结论本地区高血压患者发生心脑血管事件危险性很高,应积极综合干预,提高高血压的控制率,最大限度减少心脑血管疾病。     

丹东市成年居民糖尿病患病情况及影响因素分析

目的 了解辽宁省丹东市成人糖尿病患病情况及其影响因素,为有关部门防治糖尿病和实施区域卫生规划提供参考依据.方法 使用多阶段分层整群随机抽样方法,抽取丹东市10 267人年龄18岁以上的常住居民进行调查,运用多因素非条件Logistic回归分析方法分析其影响因素.结果 丹东市成人糖尿病患病率为6.9％,标化率4.0％,其中男5.5％,标化率3.1％,女8.2％,标化率4.9％,女性高于男性,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).Logistic回归分析结果表明,男性(OR=1.381)比女性有更高的患病风险;35～＜45岁、45～＜55岁、55～＜65岁、≥65岁年龄段患病风险分别是18～＜35岁的4.040、11.446、19.488、25.302倍;饮酒人群(OR=1.413)比不饮酒人群的患病风险高;偏爱甜咸油炸过热食品人群(OR=1.274)的患病风险高于不偏爱人群;患有高血压人群(OR=1.773)比不患有高血压人群的患病风险高;锻炼和睡眠质量在一般以上是保护因素(P＜0.05).结论 丹东市糖尿病患病率高,性别、年龄、饮酒、锻炼、睡眠质量、偏爱甜咸油炸过热食品、患有高血压是糖尿病患病的重要影响因素.     

上海县高血压的流行情况(简讯)

按世界卫生组织的标准在1982年10月对上海县4个公社的15岁以上71,820人作高血压普查,查出高血压3574人,标化患病率为4.11％。高血压患病率随年龄而上升。女性患病率高于男性,分别为4.46％及3.75％。非农民的高血压患病率高于农民,分别为6.19％与3.49％。对其中39,048人进行吸烟情况调查,男性与女性吸烟率分别为37.47％与0.49％。吸烟者高血压患病率为3.94％,不吸烟者高血压患病率为4.90％,似难认为吸烟系高血压的易患因素。     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

Acupuncture Combined with Spinal Tui Na for Treatment of Primary Dysmenorrhea in 30 Cases

Objective: To observe the therapeutic effects in acupunture treatment of primary dysmenorrhea combined with spinal Tui Na, and study its mechanism. Methods: Thirty cases of the treatment group were treated by acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na, and thirty cases in the control group were treated by routine acupuncture. Results: The total effective rate was 93.3% in the treatment group, and 73.3% in the control group, with a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusions: Acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na has good prospects for treatment of primary dysmenorrhea.     

Luo Lingjie's Experience in Treating Chronic Nephropathy

In treating chronic nephropathy,Luo Lingjie,a chief physician,pays attention to regulating the balance between yin and yang,treating infection if present,and removing pathogenic factors.He prescribes gentle drugs and uses carefully strongly warming-tonifying ones,emphasizes the importance of persuading the patient to persist in treatment with medication and nurse one's health for recuperation,and is good at combined use of TCM and western medicine therapy and brings the merits of various therapies into full play,with obvious theraoeutic effects.     

Dr.Zhang Ren's Experience in the Acupuncture Treatment of Different Diseases with the Same Therapeutic Principle

Dr.Zhang Ren,the chief physician,is the chairman of Shanghai Acupuncture and Moxibustion Association.Having been engaged in medicine for about 40 years,he is experienced in treating various intractable diseases.In his long years of clinical practice,he advocates taking the TCM differentiation as the basis to seek for the acupuncture method for treatment of modern intractable diseases.The author of this essay had the fortune to follow Dr.Zhang in study.The following is a summary of Dr.Zhang's experience in the acupuncture treatment for different intractable diseases with the same therapeutic principle.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

猪肺磷脂注射液联合经鼻持续气道正压通气对呼吸衰竭早产儿的临床疗效及肌酸激酶同工酶活性的影响

目的 探讨猪肺磷脂注射液联合经鼻持续气道正压通气(NCPAP)对呼吸衰竭早产儿的临床疗效及肌酸激酶同工酶活性(CK-MB)的影响.方法 选取呼吸衰竭早产儿80例,分为观察组和对照组各40例.对照组采用NCPAP给氧治疗,观察组给予NCPAP给氧联合猪肺磷脂气管内给药.观察两组患儿治疗前及治疗12h、24 h后PaO2、PaCO2、血氧饱和度(SaO2)、pH的变化情况,检测治疗前及治疗5d后血清CK-MB水平;评估两组患儿的临床治疗效果.结果 两组患儿PaO2、PaCO2、SaO2、pH比较,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05),其中观察组治疗后的PaO2、SaO2、pH均高于对照组,PaCO2则低于对照组.两组的PaO2、SaO2、pH均随观察时间延长而升高(P＜0.05),PaCO2均随观察时间的延长而降低(P＜0.05).观察组治疗有效率为87.5％,显著高于对照组的70.0％ (P ＜0.05).治疗5d后两组患儿血清CK-MB水平均较前降低(P＜0.05),且观察组明显低于对照组(P＜0.05).结论 猪肺磷脂注射液气管内给药联合NCPAP可以显著降低呼吸衰竭早产儿CK-MB的含量,提高治疗有效率,起到很好的呼吸循环支持作用.