急性脑梗死患者静脉溶栓后血清EPO,MMP-9水平与短期预后的相关性研究

目的 分析急性脑梗死(Acute cerebral infarct,ACI)患者静脉溶栓后血清促红细胞生成素(Erythropoietin,EPO)、基质金属蛋白酶-9(Matrix metalloproteinase-9,MMP-9)水平与短期预后的相关性。方法 选取本院2018年10月-2020年3月收治93例ACI患者,入院后均予以静脉溶栓治疗; 于治疗结束后进行30 d的随访,应用改良Rankin量表(Modified Rankin scale,mRS)评估预后并分组,且检测血清EPO,MMP-9水平; 分析血清EPO,MMP-9水平与ACI患者静脉溶栓后短期预后的相关性。结果 93例ACI患者随访30 d后血清EPO,MMP-9水平均较治疗前降低(P<0.05); 随访结束93例患者不良预后有32例,经单因素、多因素分析显示血清白蛋白低表达、EPO与MMP-9过度表达可能是ACI患者静脉溶栓后短期预后不良的影响因素(OR>1,P<0.05),其中EPO,MMP-9低表达带来的影响较显著,可能作为独立危险因素(OR=1.096～2.129); 经相关性检验显示ACI患者血清EPO与MMP-9水平呈正相关(r=0.370,P<0.05); 绘制ROC曲线发现,静脉溶栓治疗前血清EPO,MMP-9水平预测ACI患者短期预后不良风险的曲线下面积(AUC)均>0.85,有一定预测价值。结论 血清EPO,MMP-9过度表达可能提示ACI患者静脉溶栓后短期预后不良,监测二者水平变化可为ACI患者静脉溶栓后预后不良的早期预测、干预提供依据。     

HMGB1、MMP-9、CRP对蛛网膜下腔出血患者脑血管痉挛诊断价值及预后的影响

目的探讨血清HMGB1、MMP-9、CRP对动脉瘤性蛛网膜下腔出血(aSAH)患者脑血管痉挛(CVS)诊断价值及预后的影响。方法分析2015年1月-2017年2月在我院收治的动脉瘤性蛛网膜下腔出血(aSAH)患者的临床资料,其中43例发生脑血管痉挛的患者设为观察组,51例未发生脑血管痉挛的SAH患者作为对照组。结果两组患者随着入院时间进展血清HMGB1水平逐渐降低,CRP水平先升高后降低,而观察组患者MMP-9水平逐渐升高,对照组患者MMP-9水平先降低后升高;观察组患者入院24h血清HMGB1水平明显高于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。观察组患者入院24h、72h、7d血清MMP-9、CRP水平明显高于对照组,差异均具有统计学意义(P0.05);预后良好组患者入院24hHMGB1、CRP水平低于预后不良组患者,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05),预后良好组患者入院24h、72h、7d血清MMP-9明显低于预后不良组,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05);ROC曲线分析显示,当MMP-9取值为336ng/ml时对SAH患者CVS的诊断敏感性为88.37%,特异性为82.35%,优于HMGB1及CPR。结论 HMGB1、CRP、MMP-9检测可用于SAH患者CVS的早期诊断,可通过抑制HMGB1、CRP、MMP-9的表达来治疗SAH患者CVS。     

中青年脑梗死患者颈动脉粥样硬化及其血清基质金属蛋白酶-9、组织基质金属蛋白酶抑制剂-1、超敏C反应蛋白水平的改变

目的研究中青年脑梗死患者颈动脉粥样硬化及其血清基质金属蛋白酶-9(MMP-9)、组织基质金属蛋白酶抑制剂-1(TIMP-1)、超敏C反应蛋白(hs-CRP)水平的改变。方法应用彩色多普勒超声仪探测42例急性脑梗死患者(ACI组)、29例无症状颈动脉硬化患者(ACA组)及17名健康体检者(NC组)的双侧颈动脉粥样硬化的情况。采用酶联免疫吸附法检测各组血清MMP-9和TIMP-1水平,免疫散射比浊法检测血清hs-CRP水平。结果 NC组均未检出颈动脉粥样硬化斑块。ACI组易损斑块的比例(69.2%)及检出率(47.6%)均明显高于ACA组(46.4%,20.7%)(均P<0.05)。ACI组血清MMP-9、TIMP-1、hs-CRP水平及MMP-9/TIMP-1比值均明显高于ACA组(均P<0.05);ACA组血清MMP-9、TIMP-1、hs-CRP水平均明显高于NC组(均P<0.05)。ACI组中,易损斑块亚组血清MMP-9、TIMP-1、hs-CRP水平及MMP-9/TIMP-1比值均明显高于稳定斑块亚组(均P<0.05);稳定斑块亚组血清MMP-9、TIMP-1、hs-CRP水平均明显高于无斑块亚组(均P<0.05)。结论血清MMP-9、TIMP-1、hs-CRP可作为反映颈动脉粥样硬化及斑块稳定性的血清学指标。MMP-9/TIMP-1比值增高及颈动脉易损斑块可能提示中青年脑梗死的风险。     

脑出血急性期凝血机制变化规律研究

目的研究脑出血患者急性期凝血机制的变化规律,并对其相关机制进行探讨。方法将经头部CT检查证实的脑出血80例患者作为观察组,按不同出血量、出血部位分组;正常对照组35例。所有患者发病后1、3、7、14、21d行凝血酶原时间(PT)、活化部分凝血酶原时间(APTT)、凝血酶时间(TT)、纤维蛋白原(FIB)、D-二聚体(D-D)5项指标检测;24h内血小板计数(PLT)、血小板压积(PCT)、平均血小板体积(MPV)、血小板分布宽度(PDW)测定。结果脑出血组1、3、7d FIB与D-D均明显高于对照组(P<0.01),14、21d恢复至正常水平;FIB、D-D水平升高与出血量呈正相关,与出血部位无关;两组比较PT、APTT、TT均无统计学意义(P>0.05);脑出血组24h内血小板分布宽度(PDW)、平均血小板体积(MPV)明显高于对照组,两组间比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);而脑出血组PLT、PCT与对照组比较,无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论脑出血急性期血浆FIB、D-D含量增加,血小板MPV、PDW增大,提示脑出血后凝血活性代偿性升高并继发纤溶活性增强,同时血小板体积增大、新生血小板增多,促进止血。     

可溶性CD40L、MMP-9与颈动脉粥样硬化及急性脑梗死的关系

目的探讨可溶性CD40L(sCD40L)、基质金属蛋白酶-9(MMP-9)与颈动脉粥样硬化及急性脑梗死(ACI)的关系。方法选取首次发病的ACI患者90例和健康对照组30例,采用双抗体夹心酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)测定血清sCD40L、MMP-9的水平。应用颈动脉超声检测颈动脉内膜状况。比较不同程度颈动脉粥样硬化及不同面积脑梗死患者血清sCD40L、MMP-9的水平变化,并对所有脑梗死患者进行神经功能缺损评分。结果 ACI患者血清sCD40L、MMP-9的水平显著高于对照组(P0.01);大梗死组血清sCD40L、MMP-9水平高于中、小梗死组,中梗死组高于小梗死组,差异均有统计学意义(均P0.01);随着颈动脉粥样硬化程度加重,脑梗死病情越重及脑梗死面积越大,血清sCD40L、MMP-9的水平也越高;血清sCD40L与MMP-9的水平呈正相关(r=0.887,P0.01)。结论 ACI患者血清sCD40L、MMP-9水平可以反映颈动脉粥样硬化斑块的性质和稳定性、脑梗死面积与病情的严重程度;CD40-CD40L系统可能通过上调MMP-9导致颈动脉粥样硬化斑块不稳定。     

血清胱抑素C、基质金属蛋白酶-9及同型半胱氨酸与脑梗死关系的研究

目的研究血清胱抑素C(Cys C)、基质金属蛋白酶-9(MMP-9)及同型半胱氨酸(Hcy)与脑梗死的关系。方法选择我院2014年1月至2015年6月入院的80例脑梗死患者作为脑梗死组,选择同期在我院接受体检的30例健康人群作为对照组。比较两组患者的血清Cys C、MMP-9和Hcy水平以及比较脑梗死患者不同病灶大小、预后的血清Cys C、MMP-9、Hcy水平。结果脑梗死组患者的血清Cys C、MMP-9、Hcy水平明显高于对照组(P0.05);恢复期脑梗死组患者的血清Cys C、MMP-9水平低于急性期(P0.05);脑梗死患者恢复期和急性期的Hcy水平相近(P0.05)。脑梗死组患者的血清Cys C、MMP-9水平随梗死灶的增大而升高(P0.05);Hcy水平相近(P0.05)。预后良好组患者的Cys C、MMP-9水平明显低于预后不良组(P0.05);两组患者的Hcy水平相近(P0.05)。多元Logistic回归分析显示血清Cys C(OR=2.724,95%CI=1.318~5.630)、MMP-9(OR=1.936,95%CI=1.362~2.752)和Hcy(OR=4.915,95%CI=1.372~17.607)水平均是脑梗死的危险因素。结论 Cys C、MMP-9和Hcy水平的增高与脑梗死的发生密切相关,Cys C和MMP-9水平还能预测脑梗死患者的预后,具有重要的临床价值。     

血清sLOX-1、Visfatin水平与急性脑梗死患者预后的相关性

目的 探讨血清可溶性凝集素样氧化低密度脂蛋白受体-1 (sLOX-1)、内脂素(Visfatin)水平与急性脑梗死(ACI)患者预后的相关性。方法 选取2019年9月至2022年9月海南医学院第一附属医院神经内科收治的117例ACI患者,根据出院3个月后改良Rankin量表(mRS)评分结果分为预后良好组(81例)和预后不良组(36例)。对比两组患者临床基础资料及血清sLOX-1、Visfatin水平,采用Logistic回归分析ACI患者预后不良的危险因素。结果 随着ACI程度的加重,ACI患者血清sLOX-1、Visfatin水平显著升高(P<0.05)。预后不良组重度ACI患者比例高于预后良好组,预后不良组血sLOX-1、Visfatin水平也高于预后良好组(P<0.05)。Logistic回归分析显示,重度ACI及血sLOX-1、Visfatin水平升高是ACI患者预后不良的危险因素(P<0.05)。血清sLOX-1与Visfatin联合评估ACI患者预后不良的曲线下面积(AUC)为0.844。结论 血清sLOX-1、Visfatin水平与ACI患者的病情及预...     

高血压脑出血患者血清SF、MMP-9、BDNF的表达及意义

目的探讨高血压脑出血(HICH)患者血清铁蛋白(SF)、基质金属蛋白酶-9(MMP-9)及脑源性神经营养因子(BDNF)的表达及意义。方法选取2016年6月至2019年6月期间收治的90例HICH患者,检测患者血清SF、MMP-9及BDNF水平,分析不同神经缺损程度患者血清SF、MMP-9、BDNF水平差异,探讨血清SF、MMP-9及BDNF表达与HICH预后的关系。结果随着神经缺损程度的加重,HICH患者血清SF、MMP-9水平逐渐升高,而血清BDNF水平则明显降低(P0.05);HICH患者血清SF、MMP-9水平与NIHSS评分显著正相关,血清BDNF水平与NIHSS评分则呈负相关关系(P0.05)。不同预后患者血清SF、MMP-9及BDNF水平存在差异统计学意义(P0.05)。Logistic回归分析显示,血清SF、MMP-9、BDNF表达是影响HICH患者预后的重要因素(P0.05)。联合检测血清SF、MMP-9、BDNF对评估HICH不良预后的AUC为0.960,灵敏度为93.5%,特异度为89.8%。结论血清SF、MMP-9、BDNF水平与HICH患者病情和预后存在密切关系,检测以上三种指标对HICH患者预后评估具有参考作用。     

血清MMP-9与NSE在ACI患者中检测的意义

目的探讨血清基质金属蛋白酶-9(MMP-9)与神经烯醇化酶(NSE)水平检测在急性脑梗死(ACI)患者中的临床价值。方法分析2014-12-2015-09在开封市中心医院神经内科接受诊治的94例ACI患者的临床资料。根据病灶面积的大小分为A组(大面积脑梗死,21例)、B组(中等面积脑梗死,46例)和C组(小面积脑梗死,27例)。另选取同期健康体检的92例健康者为对照组。比较2组基线资料、血清MMP-9与NSE的表达水平,并分析ACI患者血清MMP-9与NSE的关系。结果ACI组血清MMP-9与NSE浓度明显较对照组高(P0.05)。其中,ACI组血清MMP-9与NSE水平随着梗死面积的增大而逐渐上升,A、B、C 3组组间比较有显著性差异(P0.05)。ACI患者血清MMP-9与血清NSE水平存在正相关性(r=0.568,P0.05)。结论血清MMP-9与NSE水平的检测可用于判断ACI患者病情严重程度及其预后情况,具有重要的临床价值。     

血清NSE、IMA及LPA对急性脑梗死患者预后的评估价值

目的探讨血清神经元特异性烯醇化酶(NSE)、缺血修饰白蛋白(IMA)及溶血磷脂酸(LPA)对急性脑梗死(ACI)患者预后的评估价值。方法分析149例ACI患者临床资料,根据治疗后3个月患者改良Rankin评分(mRS)分为预后良好组(85例,mRS≤2分)和预后不良组(64例,mRS> 2分)。对比两组临床资料,Logistic回归分析确定影响ACI患者预后的危险因素,分析血清NSE、IMA及LPA与美国国立卫生院卒中表(NIHSS)评分的相关性,绘制受试者工作特征曲线(ROC)曲线分析血NSE、IMA、LPA水平对ACI患者预后的预测价值。结果预后不良组患者后循环梗死发生率、入院NIHSS评分、发病至给药时间及血清NSE、IMA、LPA水平明显高于预后良好组(P<0.05)。Logistic回归分析显示,后循环梗死、入院NIHSS评分、发病至给药时间长及血清NSE、IMA、LPA水平升高是ACI患者预后不良的重要危险因素(P<0.05)。ACI患者血清NSE、IMA、LPA水平与NIHSS评分均呈显著正相关(P<0.05)。血清NSE、IMA及LPA评估ACI患者预后的ROC曲线下面积分别为0.806、0.803、0.819。结论血清NSE、IMA及LPA水平与ACI患者神经功能损伤情况密切相关,其水平升高预示患者预后不良,检测血清三项指标水平有助于判断ACI患者预后状况。     

Physical and Sexual Abuse and Neglect and Eating Disorder Symptoms

For eating-disordered patients with a history of post-traumatic stress, childhood abuse and neglect, and dissociative disorder, eating behavior symptoms may function as a rational response to unmetabolized traumatic experiences. This paper will review trauma-based theory, dissociation, abreactive, and ego-states therapy as they apply to eating disorder patients.     

Efficacy and Effectiveness of Child and Adolescent Psychotherapy and Pharmacotherapy

Decades of intervention research have produced a rich body of evidence on the effects of psychotherapies and pharmacotherapies with children and adolescents. Here we summarize and critique that evidence. We review findings bearing on the efficacy of psychosocial treatments and medications under controlled experimental conditions. We also report evidence, where available, on the effectiveness of both classes of treatment with clinically referred youth treated in real-world clinical contexts. In general, the large body of evidence on efficacy contrasts sharply with the small base of evidence on effectiveness. Addressing this gap through an enriched research agenda could contribute importantly to linking scientific inquiry and clinical practice—to the benefit of both ventures. This is one element of a multifaceted agenda for future research and for synthesis of research, which will require the interplay of multiple disciplines related to child and adolescent mental health.     

Presence and severity of anorexia and bulimia among male and female Omani and non-Omani adolescents

OBJECTIVE: The population of Oman is a heterogeneous mix of nationalities providing a natural setting for studying the cross-cultural differences in the presence and severity of eating disorders as well as an opportunity for evaluating the performance of measurement instruments for these disorders. METHOD: Disordered eating screening instruments (the Eating Attitude Test and the Bulimic Investigatory Test) were administered to Omani teenagers, non-Omani teenagers, and Omani adults. RESULTS: On the Eating Attitude Test, 33% of Omani teenagers (29.4% females and 36.4% males) and 9% of non-Omani teenagers (7.5% of males and 10.6% females) showed a propensity for anorexic-like behavior. On the Bulimic Investigatory Test, 12.3% of Omani teenagers showed a propensity for binge eating or bulimia (13.7% females and 10.9% males). Among the non-Omani teenagers, 18.4% showed a tendency toward bulimia, with females showing a slightly greater tendency than males. In contrast, barely 2% of Omani adults showed either a presence of or a severity of disorderly behavior with food. CONCLUSION: Omani teenagers scored significantly higher than other ethnic groups and Omani adults. This finding is discussed in the light of emerging evidence from many parts of the world suggesting that cultural transition, compounded by demographic constraints, plays a significant role in abnormal eating attitudes.     

Physical and Sexual Abuse and Neglect and Eating Disorder Symptoms

Abstract

For eating-disordered patients with a history of post-traumatic stress, childhood abuse and neglect, and dissociative disorder, eating behavior symptoms may function as a rational response to unmetabolized traumatic experiences. This paper will review trauma-based theory, dissociation, abreactive, and ego-states therapy as they apply to eating disorder patients.     

Micro-affirmations and Recovery for Persons with Mental Health and Alcohol and Drug Problems: User and Professional Experience-Based Practice and Knowledge

Recurrent factors contributing to a recovery process from co-occurring mental health and addiction problems mentioned by users and professionals have been analyzed as part of working alliances and helpful relationships. Still, we lack knowledge about how helpful relationships are developed in daily practice. In this article, we focus on the concrete construction of professional helpful relationships. Forty persons in recovery and fifteen professionals were interviewed. The interviews were analyzed according to thematic analysis, resulting in three themes presented as paradoxes (1) My own decision, but with the help of others; (2) The need for structures and going beyond them; and (3) Small trivial things of great importance. Micro-affirmations have a central role in creating helpful relationships by confirming the individuals involved as more than solely users or professionals. More attention and appreciation should be paid to practices involving micro-affirmations.

     

Opiate and digitalis receptor assays distinguish between neuroexcitant and inactive organochlorines and between anesthetics and convulsants

Specific binding of [3H]naloxone to rat brain tissue in vitro was inhibited by the excitant organochlorinated insecticides (OCI), by ether (E) and octanol (OCT), and by the convulsant indoklon (IND) and its anesthetic isomer, isoindoklon (ISO). In the presence of 100 mM NaCl the inhibition of naloxone binding by E, OCT and ISO was greatly potentiated, whereas that by OCI and IND was attenuated. KCl (100 mM) was equally effective as NaCl on the action of anesthetics, but the effect of the excitant drugs was, in contrast to NaCl, unaffected by KCl. Specific binding of [3H]ouabain in the absence of Na, was depressed by anesthetics and enhanced by neuroexcitants. In the presence of NaCl, which by itself inhibits ouabain binding to brain, both anesthetics and excitants enhanced ouabain binding. DDE, a non-insecticidal analog of DDT, and the dimethyl derivative of the OCI, lindane, were inactive in the receptor assays. These observations point to a unique isolated system which responds consistently to anesthetic agents as a class and, in a different way, to neuroexcitant compounds.